Table of Contents
- 1. Document Overview
- 2. Core Specifications and Data Interpretation
- 2.1 Lifecycle Phase Definition
- 2.2 Revision History
- 2.3 Release and Validity Information
- 3. Application and Design Guidelines
- 3.1 Intended Use and Context
- 3.2 Design Considerations and Best Practices
- 4. Technical Comparison and Industry Context
- 4.1 Understanding Lifecycle Management
- 4.2 The Importance of Timestamping
- 5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
- 5.1 What does 'LifecyclePhase: Revision' mean for my current design?
- 5.2 The Expired Period is 'Forever'. Does this mean the component will never be discontinued?
- 5.3 How should I handle this document in my company's quality management system?
- 5.4 I have a product built in 2015 using this component. What revision should I use for repairs?
- 6. Practical Use Case Scenario
- 7. Foundational Principles
- 8. Industry Trends and Evolution
1. Document Overview
This technical document provides a formal record of the lifecycle status and revision history for a specific electronic component. The primary purpose is to establish a clear, auditable trail of the component's development and release state. This information is critical for quality assurance, supply chain management, and ensuring consistency in manufacturing and design processes. The document's validity is defined as permanent, indicating its status as a historical reference point.
2. Core Specifications and Data Interpretation
2.1 Lifecycle Phase Definition
The lifecycle phase is a critical classification that indicates the maturity and support status of a component within its product line. The phase documented here is Revision. This signifies that the component is in an active state where updates, corrections, or minor improvements are being implemented. It is distinct from phases such as 'Prototype', 'Production', or 'Obsolete'. Understanding this phase helps engineers assess the stability and future development path of the component for their designs.
2.2 Revision History
The document explicitly states Revision: 2. This numerical identifier is essential for version control. It indicates that this is the second formally released iteration of the component's documentation or specifications. Engineers must always reference the correct revision to ensure they are working with the latest parameters, mechanical drawings, and performance data. Mismatched revisions can lead to design errors and product failures.
2.3 Release and Validity Information
The Release Date is precisely recorded as 2014-12-10 09:55:17.0. This timestamp provides an exact point of origin for this revision. The Expired Period is noted as Forever. This is a significant declaration meaning the document does not have a planned obsolescence date and is intended to remain a valid reference indefinitely. However, 'Forever' in this context typically means it will not be automatically superseded by a time-based rule, though it may still be succeeded by a higher revision number.
3. Application and Design Guidelines
3.1 Intended Use and Context
Documents of this nature are foundational for several key activities in electronics development and manufacturing:
- Design Verification: Engineers use the revision number to confirm they are integrating the correct component version into their schematics and layouts.
- Manufacturing and Assembly: Production floors rely on this data to procure the exact component revision specified in the Bill of Materials (BOM), preventing assembly of devices with inconsistent parts.
- Quality Audits and Traceability: The release date and revision provide traceability, which is crucial for regulatory compliance, failure analysis, and recalling specific production batches if necessary.
- Long-term Support: For products with extended lifecycles (e.g., industrial, automotive, aerospace), knowing a component's revision and its 'forever' valid documentation supports long-term maintenance and repair strategies.
3.2 Design Considerations and Best Practices
When utilizing a component with this type of documentation, consider the following:
- Always cross-reference the Revision number on the physical component (if marked) or its packaging with the number stated in this document.
- Archive this document alongside your project files. The 'Forever' validity underscores its importance as a permanent reference.
- While the document itself does not expire, be aware that the component it describes may eventually reach an 'Obsolete' lifecycle phase. Monitor manufacturer notifications for any such changes.
- In design documentation (BOM, spec sheets), always append the revision number to the component's part number to avoid ambiguity.
4. Technical Comparison and Industry Context
4.1 Understanding Lifecycle Management
Component lifecycle management is a standard practice in the electronics industry. A typical lifecycle progresses through stages: Concept/Design, Prototype, Pilot Production, Mass Production (Revision), Mature Production, and finally, End-of-Life (EOL) or Obsolescence. The 'Revision' phase, as seen here, is often the longest and most active period, where the product is widely available and may undergo incremental improvements. This structured approach benefits both suppliers and customers by managing expectations regarding availability, cost, and support.
4.2 The Importance of Timestamping
The inclusion of a precise release timestamp (down to the second) is a hallmark of rigorous documentation control, often aligned with standards like ISO 9001. It allows for impeccable traceability. If a performance issue is discovered, it can be correlated precisely with when a particular revision of documentation was issued, potentially narrowing down affected manufacturing periods.
5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
5.1 What does 'LifecyclePhase: Revision' mean for my current design?
It indicates the component is stable and in active production. It is generally safe for new designs, but you should check the manufacturer's website for any subsequent revisions (e.g., Revision 3) that may contain important updates or errata fixes.
5.2 The Expired Period is 'Forever'. Does this mean the component will never be discontinued?
No. 'Forever' applies to the validity of this specific revision document, not the production status of the physical component. The component itself will eventually transition through its lifecycle and may be discontinued. You must monitor the manufacturer's product change notifications (PCN) or end-of-life (EOL) notices for that information.
5.3 How should I handle this document in my company's quality management system?
This document should be treated as a controlled document. It should be stored in a designated repository (e.g., a Product Data Management system) with its revision number and release date clearly recorded. Access should be provided to all relevant engineering, procurement, and quality personnel.
5.4 I have a product built in 2015 using this component. What revision should I use for repairs?
For repairs and maintenance, especially to ensure functional consistency, you should always aim to use the same component revision that was used in the original production. This document (Revision 2, released Dec 2014) defines that part. Sourcing a later revision (e.g., Rev. 3) might work but could introduce subtle variations. If an exact match is unavailable, a thorough compatibility analysis based on the detailed specifications of both revisions is necessary.
6. Practical Use Case Scenario
Scenario: A manufacturing engineer is preparing the production line for a new batch of a communication device. The BOM lists a critical integrated circuit.
Action: The engineer retrieves this lifecycle document for that IC. They verify that the BOM specifies "Revision 2". They then instruct the procurement team to source components marked with this exact revision. Upon receipt at the warehouse, the quality inspector checks a sample of components against the document's release date context to confirm they are from the correct manufacturing period. Before assembly begins, the line setup is verified to use the correct solder paste profile and handling procedures as defined in the associated technical datasheet for Revision 2. This end-to-end process, anchored by the revision control in this document, minimizes the risk of introducing defects due to component variability.
7. Foundational Principles
The structure of this document is based on established principles of configuration management and technical documentation. Its primary objective is to provide unambiguous identification and temporal context for a specific artifact (the component specification). The use of sequential revision numbers follows a linear versioning model, a simple and widely understood system for tracking changes. The 'Forever' expiry is an administrative flag indicating the document is not subject to periodic review for currency but rather is superseded only by a new revision. This model ensures that at any point in the future, the exact state of the component as of December 10, 2014, can be precisely reconstructed.
8. Industry Trends and Evolution
The trend in component documentation is towards greater digitization and integration. While this document represents a static snapshot, modern practices often involve:
- Digital Thread: Linking this revision data directly to CAD models, simulation parameters, and supply chain databases in a seamless digital thread.
- Automated Compliance: Systems that automatically check a BOM against the latest lifecycle status of all components, flagging those nearing obsolescence.
- Blockchain for Traceability: Exploring the use of distributed ledgers to create immutable, shared records of component revisions and provenance across complex supply chains.
- Dynamic Documents: Moving away from static PDFs to web-based, living documents that can be updated more fluidly, though the core need for clear revision baselines, as shown here, remains constant.
The fundamental need captured in this document—precise, controlled identification of a technical specification—remains a cornerstone of electronics engineering and manufacturing integrity, regardless of the underlying technology used to manage it.
LED Specification Terminology
Complete explanation of LED technical terms
Photoelectric Performance
| Term | Unit/Representation | Simple Explanation | Why Important |
|---|---|---|---|
| Luminous Efficacy | lm/W (lumens per watt) | Light output per watt of electricity, higher means more energy efficient. | Directly determines energy efficiency grade and electricity cost. |
| Luminous Flux | lm (lumens) | Total light emitted by source, commonly called "brightness". | Determines if the light is bright enough. |
| Viewing Angle | ° (degrees), e.g., 120° | Angle where light intensity drops to half, determines beam width. | Affects illumination range and uniformity. |
| CCT (Color Temperature) | K (Kelvin), e.g., 2700K/6500K | Warmth/coolness of light, lower values yellowish/warm, higher whitish/cool. | Determines lighting atmosphere and suitable scenarios. |
| CRI / Ra | Unitless, 0–100 | Ability to render object colors accurately, Ra≥80 is good. | Affects color authenticity, used in high-demand places like malls, museums. |
| SDCM | MacAdam ellipse steps, e.g., "5-step" | Color consistency metric, smaller steps mean more consistent color. | Ensures uniform color across same batch of LEDs. |
| Dominant Wavelength | nm (nanometers), e.g., 620nm (red) | Wavelength corresponding to color of colored LEDs. | Determines hue of red, yellow, green monochrome LEDs. |
| Spectral Distribution | Wavelength vs intensity curve | Shows intensity distribution across wavelengths. | Affects color rendering and quality. |
Electrical Parameters
| Term | Symbol | Simple Explanation | Design Considerations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forward Voltage | Vf | Minimum voltage to turn on LED, like "starting threshold". | Driver voltage must be ≥Vf, voltages add up for series LEDs. |
| Forward Current | If | Current value for normal LED operation. | Usually constant current drive, current determines brightness & lifespan. |
| Max Pulse Current | Ifp | Peak current tolerable for short periods, used for dimming or flashing. | Pulse width & duty cycle must be strictly controlled to avoid damage. |
| Reverse Voltage | Vr | Max reverse voltage LED can withstand, beyond may cause breakdown. | Circuit must prevent reverse connection or voltage spikes. |
| Thermal Resistance | Rth (°C/W) | Resistance to heat transfer from chip to solder, lower is better. | High thermal resistance requires stronger heat dissipation. |
| ESD Immunity | V (HBM), e.g., 1000V | Ability to withstand electrostatic discharge, higher means less vulnerable. | Anti-static measures needed in production, especially for sensitive LEDs. |
Thermal Management & Reliability
| Term | Key Metric | Simple Explanation | Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Junction Temperature | Tj (°C) | Actual operating temperature inside LED chip. | Every 10°C reduction may double lifespan; too high causes light decay, color shift. |
| Lumen Depreciation | L70 / L80 (hours) | Time for brightness to drop to 70% or 80% of initial. | Directly defines LED "service life". |
| Lumen Maintenance | % (e.g., 70%) | Percentage of brightness retained after time. | Indicates brightness retention over long-term use. |
| Color Shift | Δu′v′ or MacAdam ellipse | Degree of color change during use. | Affects color consistency in lighting scenes. |
| Thermal Aging | Material degradation | Deterioration due to long-term high temperature. | May cause brightness drop, color change, or open-circuit failure. |
Packaging & Materials
| Term | Common Types | Simple Explanation | Features & Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Package Type | EMC, PPA, Ceramic | Housing material protecting chip, providing optical/thermal interface. | EMC: good heat resistance, low cost; Ceramic: better heat dissipation, longer life. |
| Chip Structure | Front, Flip Chip | Chip electrode arrangement. | Flip chip: better heat dissipation, higher efficacy, for high-power. |
| Phosphor Coating | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Covers blue chip, converts some to yellow/red, mixes to white. | Different phosphors affect efficacy, CCT, and CRI. |
| Lens/Optics | Flat, Microlens, TIR | Optical structure on surface controlling light distribution. | Determines viewing angle and light distribution curve. |
Quality Control & Binning
| Term | Binning Content | Simple Explanation | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|
| Luminous Flux Bin | Code e.g., 2G, 2H | Grouped by brightness, each group has min/max lumen values. | Ensures uniform brightness in same batch. |
| Voltage Bin | Code e.g., 6W, 6X | Grouped by forward voltage range. | Facilitates driver matching, improves system efficiency. |
| Color Bin | 5-step MacAdam ellipse | Grouped by color coordinates, ensuring tight range. | Guarantees color consistency, avoids uneven color within fixture. |
| CCT Bin | 2700K, 3000K etc. | Grouped by CCT, each has corresponding coordinate range. | Meets different scene CCT requirements. |
Testing & Certification
| Term | Standard/Test | Simple Explanation | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Lumen maintenance test | Long-term lighting at constant temperature, recording brightness decay. | Used to estimate LED life (with TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Life estimation standard | Estimates life under actual conditions based on LM-80 data. | Provides scientific life prediction. |
| IESNA | Illuminating Engineering Society | Covers optical, electrical, thermal test methods. | Industry-recognized test basis. |
| RoHS / REACH | Environmental certification | Ensures no harmful substances (lead, mercury). | Market access requirement internationally. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Energy efficiency certification | Energy efficiency and performance certification for lighting. | Used in government procurement, subsidy programs, enhances competitiveness. |