LED Lamp 484-10UYT/S530-A3 Datasheet - 110° Viewing Angle - 2.0V Forward Voltage - 20mA Current - Brilliant Yellow Color - English Technical Document

1. Product Overview

The 484-10UYT/S530-A3 is a through-hole LED lamp designed for applications requiring high brightness and reliable performance. It utilizes an AlGaInP chip to produce a brilliant yellow light output. This component is characterized by its robust construction, compliance with environmental regulations, and suitability for automated assembly processes.

1.1 Core Features and Advantages

The LED offers several key features that make it suitable for a wide range of electronic applications. It provides a choice of various viewing angles, with the standard model featuring a wide 110-degree viewing angle. The product is available on tape and reel for efficient automated placement in high-volume manufacturing. It is designed to be reliable and robust, ensuring long-term performance in demanding environments. Furthermore, the LED complies with major environmental standards, including RoHS, EU REACH, and is halogen-free, meeting specific limits for bromine and chlorine content.

1.2 Target Market and Applications

This LED is specifically targeted at consumer electronics and display backlighting markets. Its primary applications include use as indicator lights or backlighting sources in television sets, computer monitors, telephones, and general computer peripherals. The combination of brightness, color, and reliability makes it a versatile choice for designers.

2. Technical Parameter Deep Dive

This section provides a detailed, objective analysis of the LED's key technical parameters as defined in the datasheet.

2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

The Absolute Maximum Ratings define the stress limits beyond which permanent damage to the device may occur. These are not recommended operating conditions. For the 484-10UYT/S530-A3, the continuous forward current (IF) is rated at 25 mA. A higher peak forward current (IFP) of 60 mA is permissible under pulsed conditions with a duty cycle of 1/10 at 1 kHz. The maximum reverse voltage (VR) the LED can withstand is 5 V. The power dissipation (Pd) limit is 60 mW. The device can operate within an ambient temperature range (Topr) of -40°C to +85°C and can be stored (Tstg) between -40°C and +100°C. The soldering temperature (Tsol) rating is 260°C for a maximum duration of 5 seconds, which is critical for PCB assembly processes.

2.2 Electro-Optical Characteristics

The Electro-Optical Characteristics are measured under standard test conditions (Ta=25°C, IF=20mA) and define the device's performance. The luminous intensity (Iv) has a typical value of 32 mcd, with a minimum of 16 mcd. The viewing angle (2θ1/2), defined as the full angle at half intensity, is typically 110 degrees. The peak wavelength (λp) is typically 591 nm, and the dominant wavelength (λd) is typically 589 nm, placing it firmly in the brilliant yellow spectrum. The spectrum radiation bandwidth (Δλ) is typically 15 nm. The forward voltage (VF) has a typical value of 2.0 V, with a range from 1.7 V (min) to 2.4 V (max). The reverse current (IR) is specified with a maximum of 10 μA when a reverse voltage of 5V is applied. The datasheet also notes measurement uncertainties for forward voltage (±0.1V), luminous intensity (±10%), and dominant wavelength (±1.0nm), which are important for quality control and design margin calculations.

2.3 Thermal Characteristics

While not explicitly listed in a separate table, thermal management is a critical aspect of LED operation inferred from the ratings and curves. The power dissipation rating of 60 mW and the operating temperature range indicate the need for adequate heat sinking in the application design, especially if operating near maximum current or in high ambient temperatures. The performance curves show the relationship between relative intensity, forward current, and ambient temperature, which is fundamentally a thermal characteristic.

3. Binning System Explanation

The datasheet indicates the use of a binning system for key parameters, as referenced in the label explanation. This system categorizes LEDs based on measured performance to ensure consistency within a production lot.

3.1 Wavelength/Dominant Wavelength Binning (HUE)

LEDs are sorted into bins based on their dominant wavelength (HUE). This ensures that the color output is consistent for a given application, which is crucial for applications where color matching is important, such as in multi-LED displays or status indicators.

3.2 Luminous Intensity Binning (CAT)

The luminous intensity is also binned (CAT). This allows designers to select LEDs with a specific brightness range, providing flexibility in design where different brightness levels may be required or to compensate for optical system losses.

3.3 Forward Voltage Binning (REF)

Forward voltage is binned (REF). Grouping LEDs by forward voltage helps in designing more consistent driver circuits, as it reduces the variation in current draw when multiple LEDs are connected in parallel or driven by a constant-voltage source.

4. Performance Curve Analysis

The datasheet provides several typical characteristic curves that illustrate the device's behavior under varying conditions.

4.1 Relative Intensity vs. Wavelength

This curve shows the spectral power distribution of the emitted light. It typically features a single peak around 589-591 nm (yellow), with a defined bandwidth (Δλ) of about 15 nm. The shape of this curve confirms the monochromatic nature of the AlGaInP chip.

4.2 Directivity Pattern

The directivity curve (radiation pattern) visually represents the 110-degree viewing angle. It shows how the luminous intensity decreases as the angle from the central axis (0°) increases, reaching half its maximum value at approximately ±55 degrees.

4.3 Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage (I-V Curve)

This is a fundamental semiconductor characteristic. For an LED, the relationship is exponential. The curve shows that a small increase in forward voltage beyond the turn-on point (around 1.7V) results in a rapid increase in current. This highlights the importance of current-limiting mechanisms (like resistors or constant-current drivers) in the circuit design to prevent thermal runaway.

4.4 Relative Intensity vs. Forward Current

This curve demonstrates that light output (relative intensity) is approximately proportional to forward current within the operating range. However, efficiency may drop at very high currents due to increased heat generation.

4.5 Temperature Dependence Curves

Two key curves show the effect of ambient temperature (Ta). The Relative Intensity vs. Ambient Temp. curve typically shows a decrease in light output as temperature increases, a common characteristic of LEDs due to non-radiative recombination and other effects. The Forward Current vs. Ambient Temp. curve (likely at a constant voltage) shows how the forward voltage of the LED changes with temperature, which is critical for understanding thermal stability in circuits.

5. Mechanical and Package Information

5.1 Package Dimensions

The LED features a standard radial leaded package. The key dimensions from the drawing include the lead spacing, body diameter, and overall height. Specific tolerances are noted: the flange height must be less than 1.5mm, and general tolerances are ±0.25mm unless otherwise specified. The exact dimensions should be taken from the provided package drawing for PCB footprint design.

5.2 Lead and Polarity Identification

As a radial component, it has two leads. The longer lead typically denotes the anode (positive), and the shorter lead denotes the cathode (negative). This is a standard industry practice for polarity identification. The package drawing should be consulted to confirm any specific flange flat or other marking that indicates polarity.

6. Soldering and Assembly Guidelines

Proper handling is crucial for reliability. The datasheet provides detailed instructions.

6.1 Lead Forming

Leads should be bent at a point at least 3mm from the base of the epoxy bulb. Forming must be done before soldering and at room temperature to avoid stressing the package or damaging the internal wire bonds. PCB holes must align perfectly with the LED leads to prevent mounting stress.

6.2 Storage Conditions

LEDs should be stored at ≤30°C and ≤70% RH. The shelf life after shipping is 3 months. For longer storage (up to 1 year), they should be kept in a sealed container with a nitrogen atmosphere and desiccant. Rapid temperature changes in humid environments should be avoided to prevent condensation.

6.3 Soldering Parameters

Hand Soldering: Iron tip temperature should not exceed 300°C (for a max 30W iron). Soldering time per lead should be 3 seconds maximum. The solder joint must be at least 3mm from the epoxy bulb.
Wave (DIP) Soldering: Preheat temperature should not exceed 100°C for a maximum of 60 seconds. The solder bath temperature should not exceed 260°C, with a dwell time of 5 seconds maximum. Again, a 3mm minimum distance from the bulb must be maintained.
A recommended soldering temperature profile is provided, emphasizing the importance of controlled heating and cooling rates. Soldering (dip or hand) should not be performed more than once. The LED must be protected from mechanical shock while hot and during cool-down.

6.4 Cleaning

If cleaning is necessary, only isopropyl alcohol at room temperature should be used, for no more than one minute. Ultrasonic cleaning is not recommended and must be pre-qualified if absolutely necessary, as it can damage the internal structure.

6.5 Heat Management

The datasheet explicitly states that heat management must be considered during the application design stage. The operating current should be appropriately de-rated at higher ambient temperatures to maintain reliability and prevent premature light output degradation. This involves using the thermal curves to determine safe operating points.

7. Packaging and Ordering Information

7.1 Packing Specification

The LEDs are packaged in anti-static bags to protect against electrostatic discharge. These bags are placed inside inner cartons, which are then packed into outside cartons for shipment. The minimum packing quantity is 200 to 1000 pieces per bag. Four bags are packed into one inner carton. Ten inner cartons are packed into one outside carton.

7.2 Label Explanation

The packaging label contains several codes: CPN (Customer's Production Number), P/N (Production Number), QTY (Packing Quantity), CAT (Luminous Intensity bin), HUE (Dominant Wavelength bin), REF (Forward Voltage bin), and LOT No. (Lot Number for traceability).

8. Application Suggestions

8.1 Typical Application Circuits

The most common circuit for driving this LED is a simple series resistor connected to a DC voltage supply. The resistor value is calculated using Ohm's Law: R = (V_supply - V_F) / I_F, where V_F is the LED's forward voltage (use 2.0V typical or max for robustness) and I_F is the desired forward current (e.g., 20mA). For example, with a 5V supply: R = (5V - 2.0V) / 0.020A = 150 Ohms. A resistor with a power rating of at least I²R = (0.02)² * 150 = 0.06W is required.

8.2 Design Considerations

• Current Control: Always use a current-limiting device (resistor or driver IC). Do not connect directly to a voltage source.
• Thermal Design: Ensure the PCB and surrounding area allow for heat dissipation, especially if operating at high ambient temperatures or near maximum current.
• ESD Protection: Although packaged in anti-static bags, standard ESD handling procedures should be followed during assembly.
• Optical Design: The wide 110-degree viewing angle makes it suitable for applications requiring broad illumination or visibility from multiple angles.

9. Technical Comparison and Differentiation

Compared to older technology yellow LEDs (e.g., based on GaAsP), this AlGaInP-based LED offers significantly higher luminous efficiency and brighter output for the same drive current. Its compliance with modern environmental standards (RoHS, Halogen-Free) is a key differentiator from older components. The wide viewing angle and availability on tape and reel make it competitive for automated production of consumer electronics where cost, brightness, and assembly speed are critical.

10. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

10.1 What is the difference between peak wavelength and dominant wavelength?

Peak wavelength (λp) is the wavelength at which the emission spectrum has its maximum intensity. Dominant wavelength (λd) is the single wavelength of monochromatic light that matches the perceived color of the LED's output. For a narrow-spectrum LED like this one, they are very close (591 nm vs. 589 nm typical).

10.2 Can I drive this LED with a 3.3V supply?

Yes. Using the formula with a typical V_F of 2.0V and a target I_F of 20mA: R = (3.3V - 2.0V) / 0.020A = 65 Ohms. A standard 68 Ohm resistor would result in a current of approximately 19.1 mA, which is acceptable.

10.3 Why is the soldering distance (3mm from the bulb) so important?

This distance prevents excessive heat from traveling up the lead and damaging the epoxy resin of the bulb or the internal die attach and wire bonds. Excessive heat can cause cracking, delamination, or changes in optical properties, leading to immediate failure or reduced long-term reliability.

10.4 What does \"Halogen Free\" mean in this context?

It means the materials used in the LED's construction contain very low levels of halogens like bromine (Br) and chlorine (Cl). Specifically, Br < 900 ppm, Cl < 900 ppm, and their sum (Br+Cl) < 1500 ppm. This reduces the emission of toxic fumes if the component is incinerated at end-of-life.

11. Practical Use Case Example

Scenario: Designing a status indicator panel for a network router.
Implementation: Multiple 484-10UYT/S530-A3 LEDs could be used to indicate power, internet connection, Wi-Fi activity, and LAN port status. Their brilliant yellow color is highly visible. They would be driven by the router's 3.3V logic supply through current-limiting resistors. Being on tape and reel, they can be quickly and reliably placed by a pick-and-place machine during manufacturing. The wide viewing angle ensures the status is visible from various positions in a room. The environmental compliance aligns with the router manufacturer's green policy requirements.

12. Operating Principle Introduction

This LED is based on an AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide) semiconductor chip. When a forward voltage is applied, electrons from the n-type region and holes from the p-type region are injected into the active region. When these charge carriers recombine, they release energy in the form of photons (light). The specific composition of the AlGaInP alloy determines the bandgap energy, which directly corresponds to the wavelength (color) of the emitted light—in this case, yellow (~589 nm). The epoxy lens encapsulates the chip, provides mechanical protection, and shapes the light output beam (110-degree viewing angle).

13. Technology Trends and Context

AlGaInP technology represents a mature and highly efficient solution for producing red, orange, amber, and yellow LEDs. While newer technologies like phosphor-converted white LEDs and direct-emission InGaN LEDs (blue, green) have seen rapid advancement, AlGaInP remains the dominant and most cost-effective choice for high-brightness monochromatic light in the yellow-orange-red spectrum due to its superior efficiency and color purity in that range. The trend in such components is towards even higher efficiency (more light per watt), improved thermal performance for higher drive currents, and continued adherence to stricter environmental and material regulations.