LED RF-A4H11-WYSH-E2S Datasheet - Ceramic Package 1.65x1.25x0.80mm - 2.8-3.4V - 1W - Amber - Automotive Grade

1. Product Overview

1.1 General Description

This product is a high-power amber LED using a ceramic package structure, designed for high reliability in demanding automotive exterior lighting applications. The device measures 1.65mm x 1.25mm x 0.80mm, making it compact for space-constrained modules. It delivers excellent thermal performance and long lifetime under automotive stress conditions.

1.2 Features

• Ceramic package for superior heat dissipation and reliability.
• High power and high luminance output.
• Pb-free reflow soldering compatible.
• Moisture sensitivity level: Level 2.
• Compliance with RoHS and REACH directives.
• Qualified according to AEC-Q102 Stress Test Qualification for Automotive Grade Discrete Semiconductors.

1.3 Applications

Automotive exterior lighting including daytime running lamps, headlamps, and fog lamps. The robust ceramic package and high luminous efficacy make it ideal for demanding automotive environments.

2. Package Dimensions

The LED package has dimensions of 1.65mm (length) x 1.25mm (width) x 0.80mm (height). All tolerances are ±0.2mm unless otherwise specified. The bottom view shows two anode/cathode pads with polarity markings. The recommended soldering pattern provides optimal thermal and electrical connection.

2.1 Soldering Pad Layout

The recommended solder pad dimensions are 0.45mm x 0.76mm on each side, with a spacing of 0.30mm between pads. Proper pad design ensures good heat transfer and mechanical stability.

3. Technical Parameters

3.1 Electrical and Optical Characteristics (at Ts=25°C, IF=350mA)

Note: The photoelectric conversion efficiency at 25°C pulse mode is 42%. Thermal resistance values are measured with 1000mA at 25°C.

3.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Care must be taken not to exceed these limits. The maximum current should be determined based on actual heat dissipation and junction temperature must stay below 150°C.

4. Bin Range and Chromaticity

4.1 Forward Voltage and Luminous Flux Bins (IF=350mA)

The LED is sorted into bins for forward voltage and luminous flux. Voltage bins: G0 (2.8-3.0V), H0 (3.0-3.2V), I0 (3.2-3.4V). Luminous flux bins: AC (90-105 lm), AD (105-120 lm), AE (120-135 lm). This binning system allows customers to select the desired performance range.

4.2 Chromaticity Bins

Two chromaticity bins are defined: AM1 and AM2. Their coordinates are given in the datasheet, covering the amber region of the CIE 1931 diagram. Bin AM1 center is around x=0.57, y=0.42, and AM2 center around x=0.58, y=0.41. This ensures consistent color for automotive lighting applications.

5. Typical Optical Characteristics Curves

5.1 Forward Voltage vs. Forward Current

The forward voltage increases with forward current as expected from a typical LED. At 350mA the voltage ranges from 2.8V to 3.4V. Designers must account for this variation when designing constant current drivers.

5.2 Relative Luminous Flux vs. Forward Current

Relative luminous flux increases non-linearly with current. At higher currents, flux increases at a slower rate due to thermal effects. Operation near the maximum rated current requires careful thermal management.

5.3 Temperature Effects

Junction temperature strongly affects luminous flux: as temperature rises, flux decreases. The curve shows that at 150°C junction temperature, relative flux drops to about 70% of the value at 25°C. Similarly, forward voltage shifts negatively with temperature.

5.4 Radiation Diagram

The LED has a wide viewing angle of 120 degrees (FWHM), suitable for applications requiring broad illumination such as fog lamps and daytime running lights. The radiation pattern is symmetrical.

5.5 Spectrum Distribution

The amber LED spectrum peaks around 590-595 nm with a narrow half-width. This is typical for InGaAlP-based amber LEDs used in automotive signaling.

5.6 Chromaticity Coordinate Shift

Chromaticity coordinates shift slightly with both junction temperature and forward current. The shifts are within acceptable limits for automotive exterior lighting, ensuring consistent color appearance over the operating range.

6. Packaging Information

6.1 Carrier Tape and Reel Dimensions

The LEDs are packed in carrier tape with dimensions: A0=1.50mm, B0=1.80mm, K0=1.00mm, pitch P0=4.00mm, P1=2.00mm, P2=2.00mm, width W=8.00mm. The reel has an outer diameter of 180±2mm, hub diameter 60±1mm, and width 12±0.3mm. Each reel contains 4000pcs.

6.2 Label and Moisture Barrier Bag

The reel is sealed in a moisture barrier bag with a desiccant and a humidity indicator card. The label includes part number, spec number, lot number, bin code, luminous flux and chromaticity bin, forward voltage bin, quantity, and date.

7. Reliability Test and Qualification

The product is qualified according to AEC-Q102. Key tests include: MSL2 preconditioning with reflow, thermal shock (-40°C to 125°C, 1000 cycles), life test at 120°C with 350mA for 1000 hours, and high temperature high humidity life test (85°C/85%RH, 350mA, 1000 hours). Acceptance criteria: forward voltage change <10% of initial max spec, reverse current <200% of max spec, luminous flux degradation <30% of initial min spec.

8. SMT Reflow Soldering Guidelines

Follow the recommended reflow profile: preheat from 150°C to 200°C for 60-120 seconds, ramp-up rate ≤3°C/s, time above 217°C for 60-120 seconds, peak temperature 260°C for max 10 seconds, cooling rate ≤6°C/s. Do not perform reflow more than twice. If more than 24 hours between soldering, LEDs must be baked. Do not apply stress during heating. Repairing is not recommended; if unavoidable, use a double-head soldering iron.

9. Handling and Storage Precautions

9.1 Handling Precautions

• Avoid mechanical stress on the silicone lens surface.
• Do not mount on warped PCBs or bend the PCB after soldering.
• Do not apply mechanical force or vibration during cooling.
• ESD protection is required: the LED is sensitive to electrostatic discharge up to 8kV HBM.
• Sulfur compounds in the environment must be less than 100PPM; bromine and chlorine compounds each less than 900PPM, total less than 1500PPM.
• VOCs from fixture materials can discolor the LED; verify compatibility before use.
• Use proper current limiting resistors; never exceed absolute maximum ratings.
• Thermal design is critical: consider heat generation to avoid luminous flux drop and color shift.

9.2 Storage Conditions

Before opening the aluminum bag: store at ≤30°C and ≤75% RH for up to one year. After opening: use within 24 hours at ≤30°C and ≤60% RH. If exceed storage time, bake at 60±5°C for at least 24 hours. Do not use if the moisture barrier bag is damaged.

10. Application Notes

This amber LED is ideal for automotive exterior lighting such as daytime running lamps, headlamps, and fog lamps. The ceramic package provides excellent thermal conductivity, enabling high current operation with proper heatsinking. A constant current driver with adequate derating is recommended. For parallel strings, ensure good current sharing. The wide 120° viewing angle is suitable for signal lights. The product meets AEC-Q102 requirements, ensuring reliability under harsh automotive conditions.

11. Design Considerations

When designing the PCB, use a thermal pad under the LED to dissipate heat effectively. The solder pad pattern as shown in the datasheet should be followed to achieve optimal thermal and electrical performance. It is recommended to use a 4-layer PCB with thermal vias if possible. The driving circuit must allow forward voltage only; reverse voltage damage must be prevented. For high-temperature environments, consider the flux derating shown in the characteristic curves. Always test the LED in the final fixture to verify thermal and optical performance.

12. Technical Comparison

Compared to plastic package LEDs, this ceramic package LED offers higher thermal conductivity, better resistance to temperature cycling, and lower thermal resistance, making it more suitable for automotive applications. The AEC-Q102 qualification further distinguishes it from standard commercial LEDs. The binning system provides tighter control over color and flux, essential for consistent lighting in vehicles.

13. Common Questions

Q: What is the recommended drive current? A: The typical drive current is 350mA, but up to 700mA is allowed with proper thermal management. For longer life, it is recommended to stay at or below 350mA.

Q: Can this LED be used in turn signals? A: Yes, the amber color and high brightness make it suitable for turn signals, provided the optical design meets regulations.

Q: How should I clean the LED after soldering? A: Use isopropyl alcohol. Do not use ultrasonic cleaning as it may damage the device.

Q: What is the lifespan of this LED? A: The datasheet does not specify lifetime, but based on AEC-Q102 tests, it is expected to last over 10,000 hours under rated conditions.

14. Actual Application Cases

In one case, a daytime running lamp module used 12 of these LEDs driven at 350mA each, achieving over 800 lumens with a beam pattern meeting ECE regulations. The ceramic package allowed the module to operate at 85°C ambient without active cooling. Another fog lamp design used 6 LEDs with a total flux of 600 lumens, passing thermal shock tests from -40°C to 125°C.

15. Principle of Operation

This LED is based on the InGaAlP material system, which emits amber light through electroluminescence. When forward biased, electrons and holes recombine in the active region, releasing photons. The ceramic substrate provides efficient heat extraction, maintaining junction temperature within limits.

16. Development Trends

Automotive lighting is moving toward higher efficacy and smaller packages. Ceramic-based LEDs with AEC-Q102 qualification are becoming standard for exterior lighting. Future trends include integration with smart drivers and adaptive lighting systems. This product is well-positioned to meet current and future automotive requirements.