LED 1.0x1.0x0.25mm Tri-Color Orange/Green/Blue - Forward Voltage 1.6-3.0V - Power 44-60mW - English Technical Documentation

1. Product Overview

The RF-W11010TS-A42-P0 is a compact tri-color surface-mount LED fabricated using blue, green, and orange chips. It is housed in an ultra-small package measuring 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm × 0.25 mm, making it ideal for space-constrained applications. This component offers an extremely wide viewing angle of 140°, ensuring uniform light distribution. It is suitable for all standard SMT assembly and solder processes. The LED meets RoHS requirements and has a moisture sensitivity level of 3 (MSL 3). Its primary applications include optical indicators, switches, symbols, displays, and general-purpose signaling.

2. Technical Parameter Interpretation

2.1 Optical and Electrical Characteristics

At an ambient temperature of 25°C and a test current of 2 mA, the LED exhibits the following electrical and optical parameters across its three color channels:

• Forward Voltage (V_F): Orange ranges from 1.6 V to 2.2 V, Green from 2.4 V to 3.0 V, and Blue from 2.4 V to 3.0 V. The spectral half bandwidth is typically 15 nm for Orange and 30 nm for Green and Blue.
• Dominant Wavelength (λ_d): Orange spans 615–630 nm, Green 520–540 nm, and Blue 460–480 nm. These ranges are binned with fine granularity (e.g., codes D00–F00 for Orange, E00–H00 for Green, C00–G00 for Blue).
• Luminous Intensity (I_V): Orange reaches 18–150 mcd, Green 65–230 mcd, and Blue 18–150 mcd, depending on the bin code. The viewing angle (2θ_1/2) is a consistent 140° for all colors.
• Reverse Current (I_R): At a reverse voltage of 5 V, maximum reverse current is 10 μA.
• Thermal Resistance (R_THJ-S): 450 °C/W.

2.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings

The device must not exceed the following limits at 25°C:

• Power Dissipation: Orange 44 mW, Green 60 mW, Blue 60 mW.
• Forward Current (I_F): Continuous 20 mA per channel; pulsed (1/10 duty, 0.1 ms) 60 mA.
• Electrostatic Discharge (HBM): 1000 V.
• Operating/Storage Temperature: -40°C to +85°C.
• Junction Temperature: 95°C.

3. Binning System Description

The LED is sorted into bins for dominant wavelength, luminous intensity, and forward voltage. Each reel label specifies the Part Number, Spec Number, Lot Number, Bin Code, and measured values for flux (or intensity), chromaticity bin, forward voltage, and wavelength code. This binning allows customers to select tightly controlled color and brightness groups for uniform lighting in multi-device applications. The tester voltage condition for binning is set at 5 V (not the operating 2 mA).

4. Performance Curve Analysis

4.1 Forward Voltage vs. Forward Current

The voltage-current characteristic shows a typical diode curve: as forward current increases from 0 to 30 mA, forward voltage rises approximately logarithmically, with the orange channel saturating at a lower voltage than green and blue.

4.2 Forward Current vs. Relative Intensity

Relative luminous intensity increases linearly with forward current up to 20 mA, enabling straightforward dimming control via current regulation.

4.3 Temperature Dependence

Pin (ambient) temperature affects performance: relative intensity drops by about 10% from 25°C to 100°C. The maximum allowable forward current derates from 20 mA at low temperatures to approximately 10 mA at 100°C. Dominant wavelength shifts slightly with current—orange shifts from ~626 nm at 2 mA to ~623 nm at 30 mA, green from ~526 nm to ~521 nm, and blue from ~471 nm to ~467 nm—indicating a blue shift with increasing current.

4.4 Spectral Distribution

The relative spectral intensity peaks at approximately 625 nm (orange), 527 nm (green), and 470 nm (blue). The spectral half bandwidth is narrow (15 nm for orange, 30 nm for green and blue), ensuring good color purity.

4.5 Radiation Pattern

The radiation diagram shows a near-Lambertian emission pattern with a viewing angle of 140°, providing wide and uniform light dispersion suitable for indicator and backlight applications.

5. Mechanical and Packaging Information

5.1 Package Dimensions and Pinout

The package is 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm × 0.25 mm with four terminals visible from the bottom view. Pin 1 is Orange (cathode?), Pin 2 Green, Pin 3 Blue, and Pin 4 is common anode (or cathode) as per the polarity diagram. The recommended soldering pattern matches the bottom pad layout. All dimensions have a tolerance of ±0.1 mm unless otherwise noted.

5.2 Reel and Packaging

Each reel contains 4000 pieces in 8 mm wide carrier tape. Reel dimensions: A = 8.0±0.1 mm (width), B = 178±1 mm (diameter), C = 60±1 mm (hub diameter), D = 13.0±0.5 mm (center hole). The reel is placed in a moisture barrier bag with a desiccant and humidity indicator card, then packed in a cardboard box for shipping. Label information includes part number, spec number, lot number, bin code, quantity, and date.

6. Soldering and Assembly Guidelines

6.1 Reflow Soldering Profile

Recommended reflow soldering follows the JEDEC profile with a peak temperature of 260°C (max 10 s). Preheating ramp rate should not exceed 3°C/s. The preheat zone (Tsmin to Tsmax) is between 150°C and 200°C for 60–120 seconds. The time above 217°C (t_L) should be 60–150 seconds. Cooling ramp rate ≤6°C/s. Total time from 25°C to peak must not exceed 8 minutes. Only two reflow cycles are allowed, and the interval between cycles should be less than 24 hours to avoid moisture absorption damage.

6.2 Hand Soldering and Rework

Hand soldering is permitted only once, with a soldering iron below 300°C for less than 3 seconds. Rework should use a double-head iron; mechanical force must be avoided. Do not apply pressure to the silicone lens surface.

6.3 Storage and Moisture Precautions

Unopened reels may be stored at ≤30°C and ≤75% RH for up to one year. After opening, the devices must be used within 24 hours at ≤30°C and ≤60% RH. If the moisture indicator indicates excessive moisture or the storage time is exceeded, baking at 60±5°C for >24 hours is required before use.

7. Application Recommendations

Typical applications include:

• Optical indicators in consumer electronics, automotive dashboards, and industrial controls.
• Switch and symbol backlighting in keyboards, appliances, and signage.
• General status indication and decorative lighting.

Design considerations: Use series current-limiting resistors to avoid exceeding maximum ratings. Thermal management is critical—ensure adequate heat sinking to keep junction temperature below 95°C. Avoid exposure to sulfur, chlorine, bromine compounds (>100 PPM sulfur, >900 PPM single halogen, total halogens <1500 PPM) as they can corrode internal materials. VOCs from adhesives and fixtures may penetrate the silicone encapsulant, causing discoloration and light loss; compatibility testing is recommended.

8. Technical Comparison and Differentiation

Compared to standard single-color 1.0×1.0 mm LEDs, this tri-color device integrates three independent channels in the same footprint, reducing board space and assembly cost. The wide 140° viewing angle offers superior coverage over many narrow-beam LEDs. The low thermal resistance (450°C/W) enables better heat dissipation than older packages. The combination of narrow spectral half bandwidth and fine binning ensures consistent color reproduction across batches.

9. Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Can I drive all three channels simultaneously at 20 mA?
Yes, but total power dissipation (44+60+60 = 164 mW) may exceed the package’s thermal capacity if insufficient heat sinking is provided. Derating may be necessary.

Q: How should I clean the LED after soldering?
Use isopropyl alcohol. Avoid ultrasonic cleaning, which may damage internal bonds. Ensure cleaning solvents do not dissolve the silicone encapsulant.

Q: What ESD precautions are required?
Use grounded workstations, wrist straps, and ionizers. The HBM rating of 1000 V means it can be damaged by typical human contact; proper handling is essential.

10. Practical Application Cases

Case 1 – RGB Status Indicator: In a network switch, three RF-W11010TS-A42-P0 LEDs are placed side by side. Each color indicates link speed (green=1 Gbps, orange=100 Mbps, blue=10 Mbps). The wide viewing angle ensures visibility from all ports.

Case 2 – Multicolor Backlight for Tactile Switch: The LED is mounted under a translucent switch cap. By driving the orange and blue channels with PWM, a custom purple hue is achieved, providing aesthetic differentiation.

11. Principles of LED Operation

Each color channel is a direct-bandgap semiconductor chip. When forward biased, electrons recombine with holes in the active region, emitting photons with energy corresponding to the bandgap. The orange chip uses an AlInGaP material system, while the green and blue chips use InGaN on sapphire. The silicone encapsulant protects the chips and provides a refractive index match to improve light extraction.

12. Industry Trends and Future Outlook

Miniaturization continues with packages shrinking below 1.0×0.5 mm. Multi-color integration in small footprints is becoming standard for IoT devices and wearables. Higher efficacy and better color rendering are expected through improved epitaxial structures and phosphor techniques. The trend toward automated optical inspection and tighter binning will further enhance production quality.