LTS-313AJD LED Display Datasheet - 0.3-inch Digit Height - Hyper Red Color - 2.6V Forward Voltage - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takardar tana cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na ƙaramin na'ura mai nuna lambobi da haruffa guda ɗaya mai sassa bakwai. An ƙera wannan na'urar don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nuna lambobi a sarari da haske mai ƙarfi, tare da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki. Manufar ƙirarta ita ce samar da ingantacciyar iya karantawa da dogaro a cikin ƙaramin girma.

Nunin yana amfani da kayan semiconductor na zamani don samun hasken da ya saba. An rarrabe shi don tabbatar da daidaiton ƙarfin haske, wanda ke tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa da kuma yiwuwar aiki a aikace-aikacen mai amfani.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan nunin sun haɗa da ƙarancin buƙatun wutar lantarki, wanda ya sa ya dace da na'urorin da ke amfani da baturi ko da'irori masu kula da makamashi. Ƙarfin haske da bambanci, tare da faɗin kusurwar kallo, suna tabbatar da iya karantawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban da kuma daga mahangar gani daban-daban. Tsarin ƙirar ƙwaƙƙwaran yana ba da dogaro na asali da tsawon rayuwar aiki idan aka kwatanta da na'urorin nunin na'ura ko na filament.

Girman lambarsa na inci 0.3 ya sa ya dace sosai don kayan aikin da ake ɗauka, na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci, mitoci na panel, hanyoyin haɗin kai na sarrafa masana'antu, da kowane tsarin da aka haɗa inda sarari ya yi ƙarami amma bayanin lambobi a sarari yana da mahimmanci. Ƙirar sassa mai ci gaba da daidaito tana ba da kyakkyawan bayyanar haruffa, yana haɓaka ƙwarewar mai amfani.

2. Cikakken Bayani na Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na gaskiya da cikakken bayani game da ma'auni na lantarki, na gani, da na zahiri da aka ayyana a cikin takardar bayanan.

2.1 Halayen Hasken Gani da na Gani

Abubuwan da ke fitar da haske sun dogara ne akan fasahar semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP), musamman a cikin tsarin launin Ja Mai Ƙarfi. Wannan tsarin kayan sananne ne don ingantacciyar inganci da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki a yankin tsayin raƙuman ruwan ja-orange.

• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (I_V):Ya kasance daga 200 zuwa 600 microcandelas (μcd) a daidaitaccen gwajin wutar lantarki na 1mA. Wannan ma'auni yana ayyana hasken da ake gani. Rarrabawar da aka ambata tana nufin an rarraba na'urori ko an tsara su bisa ga ƙarfin hasken da aka auna don faɗowa cikin wannan tabbataccen kewayon.
• Matsakaicin Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa Mai Fitowa (λ_p):Yawanci nanomita 650 (nm). Wannan shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa inda ƙarfin hasken fitarwa ya fi girma.
• Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa Mai Rinjaye (λ_d):Yawanci 639 nm. Wannan shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa da idon ɗan adam ke gani kuma shine ma'auni mai mahimmanci don ayyana launin (Ja Mai Ƙarfi).
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):Kimanin 20 nm. Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan ko yaduwar tsayin raƙuman ruwa da ake fitarwa a kusa da kololuwar. Ƙimar 20nm siffa ce ta LED na AlInGaP.
• Matsakaicin Daidaiton Ƙarfin Hasken Gani:An ƙayyade shi azaman matsakaicin 2:1. Wannan ma'auni ne mai mahimmanci don nunin lambobi da yawa ko aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da sassa da yawa, yana tabbatar da cewa bambancin haske tsakanin mafi haske da mafi duhun sashi bai wuce wannan rabo ba, yana samar da kamanni iri ɗaya.

2.2 Ma'auni na Lantarki

Halayen lantarki suna ayyana iyakokin aiki da yanayin yanayi na na'urar.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba kowane Sashi (V_F):Yawanci 2.1V, tare da matsakaicin 2.6V, an auna shi a wutar lantarki ta gaba (I_F) na 20mA. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan sashin da ke haskakawa. Dole ne masu ƙira su tabbatar da cewa da'irar tuƙi na iya samar da isasshen ƙarfin lantarki.
• Ci gaba da Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba kowane Sashi (I_F):Matsakaicin ƙimar ƙima shine 25mA a 25°C. Faktor na rage ƙimar 0.33 mA/°C yana aiki sama da 25°C, ma'ana ƙimar wutar lantarki mai ci gaba da aka halatta tana raguwa yayin da yanayin zafi ya tashi don hana yin zafi sosai.
• Matsakaicin Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba:Ana ba da izinin wutar lantarki mai bugun jini har zuwa 90mA a ƙarƙashin takamaiman sharuɗɗa (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms). Wannan yana ba da damar tsare-tsaren haɗawa ko ɓarke na gajere na haske mafi girma.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):Matsakaicin 5V. Wuce wannan na iya lalata haɗin LED. Ƙirar da'ira yakamata ta haɗa da kariya idan ƙarfin lantarki na baya zai yiwu.
• Wutar Lantarki ta Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 100 μA a cikakken ƙarfin lantarki na baya na 5V, yana nuna wutar lantarki da ke ɓarna a cikin yanayin kashewa.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki kowane Sashi:Matsakaicin 70 mW. Wannan iyakar zafin jiki, tare da rage ƙimar wutar lantarki, yana da mahimmanci don lissafin dogaro.

2.3 Ƙimar Zafi da Muhalli

• Kewayon Yanayin Zafin Aiki:-35°C zuwa +85°C. An ƙididdige na'urar don yanayin matakin masana'antu.
• Kewayon Yanayin Zafin Ajiya:-35°C zuwa +85°C.
• Zafin Solder:Matsakaicin 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, an auna shi 1.6mm (1/16 inci) ƙasa da filin zama. Wannan jagora ce ta daidaitaccen tsari don hanyoyin solder na igiyar ruwa ko sake kwarara don guje wa lalacewar zafi ga fakitin ko mutuwa.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Takardar bayanan ta bayyana a sarari cewa an "rarrabe na'urar don ƙarfin hasken gani." Wannan yana nufin wata gama gari a cikin samar da LED da aka sani da "rarrabawa."

Saboda ƙananan bambance-bambance na asali a cikin girma na epitaxial na semiconductor da tsarin ƙira, LED daga rukunin samarwa ɗaya na iya samun ɗan bambanci a cikin mahimman ma'auni kamar ƙarfin hasken gani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Don tabbatar da daidaito ga abokan ciniki, masu kera suna gwada kowane LED kuma suna rarraba su zuwa ƙungiyoyin ayyuka daban-daban ko "kwantena." Samfurin da aka rarraba don ƙarfin hasken gani yana nufin an tabbatar da raka'o'in don cika ƙayyadaddun kewayon ƙarfi (200-600 μcd a wannan yanayin), kuma sau da yawa, ana iya buƙatar ƙananan kwantena a cikin wannan kewayon don aikace-aikacen daidaito mai ƙarfi. Duk da yake ba a cikakken bayani a cikin wannan taƙaitaccen takardar bayanan ba, sauran ma'auni na rarrabawa na gama gari na iya haɗawa da tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye (don daidaiton launi) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanan tana nuni zuwa lanƙwasan halaye na yau da kullun. Duk da yake ba a ba da takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun ba, zamu iya ƙaddara abubuwan da suka dace da mahimmanci bisa ga ma'auni da aka jera.

4.1 Lanƙwasa Wutar Lantarki da Ƙarfin Lantarki (I-V)

Lanƙwasa I-V na yau da kullun zai nuna alaƙar ma'auni tsakanin wutar lantarki ta gaba da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Lanƙwasa zai wuce ta wurin V na yau da kullun_Fmaki na 2.1V a 20mA. Wannan lanƙwasa yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance wutar lantarki, ko ta yin amfani da resistor mai sauƙi ko direban wutar lantarki akai-akai.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken Gani da Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba (I_Vda I_F)

Wannan jadawalin zai nuna yadda haske ke ƙaruwa tare da wutar lantarki. Yawanci yana layi daya a kan kewayon amma zai cika a manyan wutar lantarki saboda zafi da raguwar inganci. Lanƙwasa zai nuna ƙarfin a yanayin gwaji na 1mA kuma zai kwatanta aiki har zuwa matsakaicin wutar lantarki mai ci gaba.

4.3 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Lanƙwasan halaye da aka lura a yanayin zafi ban da 25°C zai kwatanta mahimman abubuwan dogaro:

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Zafin Jiki:Ga LED na AlInGaP, V_Fyawanci yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin jiki (ma'auni mara kyau na zafin jiki). Wannan yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafin jiki da ƙirar tuƙi na wutar lantarki akai-akai.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Gani da Zafin Jiki:Ƙarfin fitarwa gabaɗaya yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin ya tashi. Rage ƙimar wutar lantarki mai ci gaba yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da sarrafa wannan tasirin zafin jiki don kiyaye haske da tsawon rai.

4.4 Rarraba Bakan

Tsarin bakan zai kwatanta rarraba ƙarfin hasken da aka fitar a kan tsayin raƙuman ruwa, wanda ke kewaye da 650nm (kololuwa) tare da rabin faɗin 20nm, yana tabbatar da makin launin Ja Mai ƙarfi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

Na'urar tana da fuskar launin toka tare da fararen sassa, wanda ke haɓaka bambance-bambance ta hanyar rage hasken muhalli. An ba da girman fakitin a cikin milimita tare da daidaitaccen jurewar ±0.25mm. Daidai ƙafar ƙafa da tazarar fil ɗin suna da mahimmanci don shimfidar PCB. Jadawalin da'ira na ciki yana tabbatar da tsarin cathode na gama gari ga duk sassa da maki goma. Wannan yana nufin duk cathode (tashoshi mara kyau) na sassan LED an haɗa su a ciki zuwa fil ɗin gama gari (1 da 6), yayin da kowane anode na sashi (tashoshi mai kyau) yana da nasa fil ɗin da aka keɓe. Wannan tsari ya zama gama gari kuma yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa a cikin aikace-aikacen da microcontroller ke tuƙa.

6. Haɗin Fil da Hanyar Haɗin Kai

Na'urar mai fil 10 tana da fil ɗin wannan:

1. Cathode na Gama Gari
2. Anode F (Sashi na Sama)
3. Anode G (Sashi na Tsakiya)
4. Anode E (Sashi na Ƙasa-Hagu)
5. Anode D (Sashi na Ƙasa)
6. Cathode na Gama Gari (an haɗa shi a ciki zuwa fil 1)
7. Anode RDP (Maki Goma na Dama)
8. Anode C (Sashi na Ƙasa-Dama)
9. Anode B (Sashi na Sama-Dama)
10. Anode A (Sashi na Sama)

Lura: Takardar bayanan ta kuma ambaci "Rt. da Lt. Hannun Decimal," yana nuna cewa na'urar ta haɗa da maki goma na dama da na hagu, kodayake kawai anode na maki goma na dama (RDP) ne aka jera a cikin teburin haɗin fil. Maki goma na hagu yana yiwuwa an haɗa shi a ciki zuwa wani anode na sashi ko kuma ba a samun damar shiga daban a cikin wannan sigar ba. Haɗin cathode na gama gari akan fil 1 da 6 yana ba da sassauci a cikin hanyar PCB da watsar zafi.

7. Jagororin Solder da Taro

Babban jagora da aka bayar shine iyakar zafin solder: 260°C matsakaicin na dakika 3 a 1.6mm ƙasa da filin zama. Wannan ya yi daidai da daidaitattun jagororin IPC don abubuwan da ke cikin rami. Don solder na igiyar ruwa, wannan yana nufin sarrafa lokacin dumama da lokacin tuntuɓar. Don solder na hannu, yakamata a yi amfani da ƙarfe mai sarrafa zafin jiki don guje wa dogon lokacin amfani da zafi. Yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD (Fitowar Lantarki) yayin sarrafawa, saboda LED suna da hankali ga lantarki. Ajiya yakamata ta kasance cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon zafin jiki a cikin yanayi mai ƙarancin zafi.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

• Mitoci da Kayan Gwaji masu ɗauka:Ƙarancin ja na wutar lantarki yana da kyau don rayuwar baturi.
• Kayan Lantarki na Mabukaci:Na'urorin ƙidayar lokaci, karatun zafin jiki akan tanda ko hura wuta.
• Panels na Sarrafa Masana'antu:Masu nuna matsayi, nunin ƙidaya.
• Nunin Bayan Kasuwanci na Motoci:Don ma'auni na taimako (ƙarfin lantarki, zafin jiki).
• Kayayyakin Ilimi da Ƙirar Ƙira:Saboda sauƙinsa da hanyar haɗin kai ta gama gari.

8.2 Abubuwan Ƙira

• Iyakance Wutar Lantarki:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jerin ko direban wutar lantarki akai-akai don kowane anode na sashi. Ana iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor kamar R = (Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki - V_F) / I_F. Don samar da wutar lantarki 5V da kuma niyya 10mA tare da V na yau da kullun_Fna 2.1V: R = (5 - 2.1) / 0.01 = 290Ω. Daidaitaccen resistor na 270Ω ko 330Ω zai dace.
• Haɗawa:Don nunin lambobi da yawa, ana sauƙaƙa haɗa tsarin cathode na gama gari. Ta hanyar kunna cathode na gama gari na kowane lamba a jere da gabatar da bayanan sashi na wannan lambar, ana iya sarrafa lambobi da yawa tare da ƙananan fil ɗin I/O. Matsakaicin ƙimar wutar lantarki yana ba da damar manyan wutar lantarki mai bugun jini yayin zagayowar haɗawa don cimma matsakaicin haske.
• Hanyar Haɗin Kai ta Microcontroller:Yawanci yana buƙatar layukan I/O 8 (sassa 7 + goma 1) kowane lamba idan ba a haɗa su ba, ban da transistor ko IC direba don nutsar da wutar lantarki na cathode na gama gari, wanda shine jimillar wutar lantarki ga duk sassan da ke haskakawa a cikin wannan lambar.
• Kusurwar Kallo:Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana ba da damar sanya matsayi mai sassauƙa, amma don mafi kyawun iya karantawa, yi la'akari da layin gani na farko na mai amfani.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar na'urorin hasken wuta ko nunin filasha (VFDs), wannan nunin LED yana ba da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki sosai, tsawon rai, da mafi girman juriya ga girgiza/girgiza. A cikin dangin nunin LED, amfani da AlInGaP don Ja Mai ƙarfi yana ba da fa'idodi akan tsofaffin LED ja na GaAsP, yawanci suna samar da inganci mafi girma (haske mafi yawa kowane mA), mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki, da launin ja mai cika. Girman inci 0.3 ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da na'urorin nunin inci 0.5 ko 0.56 na gama gari, yana ba da yawa mafi girma ko ƙirar ƙira mafi ƙanƙanta. Ƙarancin buƙatun wutar lantarki (mai tasiri har ma a 1mA) shine babban abin banbancewa don ƙirar da aka takura da wutar lantarki idan aka kwatanta da nunin da ke buƙatar 5-20mA kowane sashi don daidaitaccen haske.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa ga Ma'auni na Fasaha)

10.1 Menene manufar fil ɗin cathode gama gari biyu (1 da 6)?

An haɗa su a ciki. Samar da fil biyu yana ba da damar rarraba wutar lantarki mafi kyau, yana rage yawan wutar lantarki kowane fil, yana taimakawa cikin sassauƙar shimfidar PCB (hanyar daga kowane gefe), kuma yana iya inganta watsar zafi daga mutuwa.

10.2 Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan nunin kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller?

Kuna iya haɗa anode na sashi zuwa fil ɗin fitarwa na microcontroller, amma kunadolehaɗa da resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki a cikin jerin tare da kowane fil. Fil ɗin microcontroller shi kaɗai ba zai iya iyakance wutar lantarki cikin aminci ba. Bugu da ƙari, wutar lantarki na cathode na gama gari (har zuwa 25mA x adadin sassan da ke haskakawa) zai yiwu ya wuce ƙarfin nutsar da fil ɗin microcontroller guda ɗaya, yana buƙatar transistor na waje ko direban IC (kamar ULN2003) don sauya cathode.

10.3 Menene ma'anar "Ja Mai ƙarfi" idan aka kwatanta da Ja na Daidaitaccen?

"Ja Mai ƙarfi" kalmar talla ce da ake amfani da ita sau da yawa don LED na AlInGaP tare da tsayin raƙuman ruwa mai rinjaye kusan 630-640nm. Ya bayyana a matsayin ja mai zurfi, mafi launin orange idan aka kwatanta da tsayin raƙuman ruwa kaɗan (660-670nm) "Ja Mai zurfi" ko kuma gajere, mafi orange daidaitaccen "Ja" (620-625nm). Yana ba da daidaiton hasken gani da bambancin launi.

10.4 Ta yaya zan sami daidaiton haske a duk lambobi a cikin ƙirar lambobi da yawa?

Yi amfani da dabarar haɗawa kuma tabbatar da cewa resistor masu iyakance wutar lantarki iri ɗaya ne ga duk sassan da suka dace a cikin lambobi. Ƙayyadaddun rabon daidaiton ƙarfi (2:1 matsakaici) akan takardar bayanan yana taimakawa, amma don mafi kyawun sakamako, yi amfani da LED daga kwantena ɗaya na samarwa ko aiwatar da daidaitawar haske na software idan direban ku ya ba da izinin canjin faɗin bugun jini (PWM).

11. Misalin Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirar nunin voltmeter mai lamba 3 mai sauƙi.

1. Topology na Da'ira:Yi amfani da nunin LTS-313AJD guda uku a cikin tsarin haɗawa. An haɗa anode na sashi (A-G, DP) na duk nunin uku a layi daya. An haɗa fil ɗin cathode na gama gari na kowane nunin zuwa wani transistor na NPN daban (misali, 2N3904) mai tattarawa, tare da mai fitarwa zuwa ƙasa. Microcontroller yana tuƙa tushen transistor ta hanyar resistor na tushe.
2. Matsayin Microcontroller:ADC yana karanta ƙarfin lantarki. Firmware yana canza ƙimar zuwa lambobi uku. Sa'an nan yana shiga cikin madaidaiciyar madauki: yana kashe duk transistor na cathode, yana fitar da tsarin sashi don Lamba 1 zuwa layin anode a layi daya (ta hanyar resistor na jerin), yana kunna transistor na cathode don Lamba 1, yana jira ɗan gajeren lokaci (misali, 2ms), sa'an nan ya maimaita don Lamba 2 da Lamba 3. Zagayowar yana maimaitawa da sauri sosai (misali, >60Hz) don bayyana azaman nunin tsayayye, mara flicker.
3. Ƙididdiga:Idan ana tuƙa kowane sashi a 5mA yayin lokacin aikinsa, kuma ana haskaka sassa uku a kowane lamba (misali, nuna "1"), matsakaicin wutar lantarki kowane sashi shine 5mA. Matsakaicin wutar lantarki kowane sashi shine 5mA / 3 (don haɗawa da lambobi 3) ≈ 1.67mA, wanda ke cikin iyaka sosai kuma yana adana wutar lantarki. Dole ne transistor na cathode ya nutsar da sassa 3 * 5mA = 15mA, wanda ke sauƙin sarrafawa.

12. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Aiki

Nunin LED mai sassa bakwai jeri ne na diodes masu fitar da haske waɗanda aka jera a cikin tsarin siffar takwas. Kowane diode (sashi) na'urar semiconductor ce ta p-n junction. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce kofa na haɗin (kimanin 2.1V don wannan nau'in AlInGaP), electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsayin raƙuman ruwa (launi) na hasken an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor, wanda aka ƙera a cikin haɗin AlInGaP. Ta hanyar zaɓin amfani da wutar lantarki ga haɗuwa daban-daban na sassa bakwai (A zuwa G), ana iya samar da lambobi 0-9 da wasu haruffa. Tsarin cathode na gama gari yana haɗa duk ɓangarorin mara kyau na waɗannan diodes a ciki, yana sauƙaƙa sarrafa waje.

13. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

Nunin LED mai sassa bakwai daban-daban kamar wannan suna wakiltar fasaha mai girma kuma abin dogaro. Trends na yanzu a cikin fasahar nunin suna matsawa zuwa haɗin kai mafi girma, kamar ƙirar lambobi da yawa tare da masu sarrafawa da aka gina a ciki (misali, direbobin TM1637 ko MAX7219) waɗanda ke sadarwa ta hanyar I2C ko SPI, suna rage microcontroller I/O da kayan aikin software sosai. Hakanan akwai sauyi zuwa ga OLED (OLED) da nunin sassauƙa don ƙarin zane-zane masu rikitarwa. Duk da haka, don sauƙi, haske, ƙarancin farashi, da ƙarancin wutar lantarki na nuna lambobi a cikin mawuyacin yanayi (faɗin kewayon zafin jiki, ana buƙatar haske mai ƙarfi), sassan LED daban-daban sun kasance mafi rinjaye kuma mafi kyawun mafita. Ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin kayan LED, kamar mafi inganci AlInGaP da InGaN (don shuɗi/kore), yana ci gaba da inganta inganci, haske, da zaɓuɓɓukan launi don irin waɗannan nunin.