Takardar Bayani na Nunin LED na LTC-3698KF - Tsayin Lamba 0.39-inch - Launi Yellow Orange - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 2.6V - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTC-3698KF na'urar nunin lamba ce mai ƙarfi, mai lamba ɗaya. Babban aikinta shine samar da fitarwa na lambobi da haruffa masu haske da sauki a cikin na'urorin lantarki. Fasahar tushe ta dogara ne akan kayan semiconductor na Aluminium Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP), wanda aka san shi da samar da haske mai inganci a cikin bakan launin rawaya-orange zuwa ja. Wannan na'urar musamman tana amfani da guntu LED na rawaya-orange da aka ƙera akan substrate na Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) marar gani. Nunin yana da fuskar fuska mai launin toka mai haske tare da sassa fari, haɗin da aka tsara don haɓaka bambanci da karantawa a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na haske. Ƙananan tsayin lamba 0.39-inch ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikace inda sarari yake da ƙarami amma karantawa yana da mahimmanci.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Musamman da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Na'urar tana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci da ke bayyana matsayinta a kasuwa. Tana ba da haske mai girma da bambanci mai kyau, yana tabbatar da ganuwa ko da a cikin wurare masu haske. Faɗin kusurwar kallo fa'ida ce mai mahimmanci, yana ba da damar karanta nunin daga matsayi daban-daban ba tare da asarar bayyananniya ba. A matsayin na'urar mai ƙarfi, tana ba da ingantaccen aminci da tsawon rai idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar nunin filament, ba tare da sassa masu motsi da za su lalace ba. Ƙarancin wutar lantarki yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ake amfani da baturi ko masu kulawar makamashi. An rarraba na'urar don ƙarfin haske kuma ana ba da ita a cikin kunshin da bai ƙunshi gubar ba wanda ya dace da umarnin RoHS, yana magance dokokin muhalli. Kasuwanni da ake nufi su sun haɗa da kayan aikin masana'antu (misali, mitoci na panel, kayan aikin gwaji), kayan amfani na mabukaci (misali, tanda microwave, na'oyin kofi), nunin taimako na mota, da tsarin da aka haɗa daban-daban da ke buƙatar karatun lambobi mai aminci.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

Ma'auni na lantarki da na gani suna ayyana iyakokin aiki da aikin nunin. Cikakkiyar fahimta tana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira da haɗawa daidai.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ƙayyade iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba don ci gaba da aiki ba ne.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki a kowane Guntu:70 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin wutar lantarki da za a iya watsar da shi ta hanyar guntu LED ɗaya a matsayin zafi.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba a kowane Guntu:60 mA. Ana ba da izinin wannan halin yanzu kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin 1/10 da faɗin bugun 0.1 ms. Yana da amfani ga tsarin haɗawa ko cimma haske mafi girma na ɗan lokaci.
• Ci gaba da Halin Gaba a kowane Guntu:Matsakaicin shine 25 mA a 25°C. Mahimmancin abu, wannan ƙimar tana raguwa a layi daya a cikin adadin 0.28 mA/°C yayin da yanayin yanayi (Ta) ya karu sama da 25°C. Misali, a 85°C, matsakaicin halin yanzu mai izini zai kasance kusan: 25 mA - ((85°C - 25°C) * 0.28 mA/°C) = 8.2 mA. Wannan raguwa yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafi da amincin dogon lokaci.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ma'ajiyar Zafin Jiki:-35°C zuwa +105°C. Na'urar na iya jurewa da aiki a cikin wannan faɗin kewayon zafin jiki.
• Zafin Solder:Matsakaicin 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, an auna 1.6mm ƙasa da matakin wurin zama. Wannan yana ayyana ƙayyadaddun bayanan solder na sake kunnawa.

2.2 Halayen Gani & Lantarki (Na yau da kullun @ 25°C)

Waɗannan ma'auni suna bayyana aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun.

• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):500 (Ƙananan), 1300 (Na yau da kullun), μcd (Microcandelas) a halin yanzu na gaba (IF) na 1 mA. Wannan shine ma'aunin fitowar haske da aka gane. Faɗin kewayon yana nuna tsarin rarrabawa; masu ƙira dole ne su yi la'akari da ƙimar mafi ƙanƙanta don mafi munin ganuwa.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon 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Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsaw nm (Typical) at IF=20mA. This is the wavelength at which the spectral power distribution is maximum.
• Spectral Line Half-Width (Δλ): nm (Typical) at IF=20mA. This indicates the spectral purity; a smaller value means a more monochromatic light.
• Dominant Wavelength (λd): nm (Typical) at IF=20mA. This is the single wavelength perceived by the human eye, defining the yellow-orange color.
• Forward Voltage per Segment (VF):.05 (Min), 2.6 (Typical) Volts at IF=20mA. This is critical for designing the current-limiting circuitry. The driver must supply enough voltage to overcome this drop.
• Reverse Current per Segment (IR): μA (Max) at a Reverse Voltage (VR) of 5V. The datasheet explicitly notes this parameter is for test purposes only, and the device should not be continuously operated under reverse bias.
• Luminous Intensity Matching Ratio (Iv-m):.6:1 (Max) at IF=1mA. This is a crucial specification for display uniformity. It means the brightest segment will be no more than 1.6 times brighter than the dimmest segment within the same digit, ensuring a consistent appearance.
• Cross Talk:≤ 2.5%. This specifies the maximum amount of unintended light leakage from an unpowered segment when an adjacent segment is illuminated.

. Binning System Explanation

The datasheet indicates the device is \"categorized for luminous intensity.\" This implies a binning process where manufactured units are sorted based on measured light output (Iv) at a standard test current (1mA). The specified range of 500 to 1300 μcd likely represents the spread across different bins available. Designers can select a specific bin for applications requiring tight brightness matching between multiple displays. The 1.6:1 intensity matching ratio within a single unit is a separate, guaranteed performance parameter for segment-to-segment uniformity.

. Performance Curve Analysis

While the PDF references typical characteristic curves, the provided text does not include the actual graphs. Based on standard LED behavior, these curves would typically include:

• Current vs. Forward Voltage (I-V Curve):Shows the exponential relationship. The forward voltage (VF) increases with current and has a negative temperature coefficient (decreases as temperature rises).
• Luminous Intensity vs. Forward Current (L-I Curve):Shows that light output is approximately linear with current at lower currents but may saturate at higher currents due to thermal and efficiency droop.
• Luminous Intensity vs. Ambient Temperature:Demonstrates how light output decreases as the junction temperature increases. This is linked to the current derating requirement.
• Spectral Distribution:A plot of relative intensity vs. wavelength, showing the peak at ~611nm and the half-width of ~17nm.

Designers should consult the full datasheet for these graphs to accurately model performance under non-standard conditions.

. Mechanical and Package Information

.1 Package Dimensions and Tolerances

The display has a digit height of 0.39 inches (9.8 mm). All dimensional tolerances are ±0.25mm unless otherwise specified. Key mechanical notes include: pin tip shift tolerance of ±0.4mm, limits on foreign material and ink contamination on the segment surface, a limit on reflector bending (≤1% of length), and a limit on bubbles within the segment material. The datasheet recommends a PCB hole diameter of 1.0 mm for the leads.

.2 Pin Connection and Circuit Diagram

The device has a 16-pin footprint, though not all positions have physical pins or electrical connections. It is configured as aCommon Anodedisplay. The internal circuit diagram shows that the anodes for each digit (Digit 1, 2, 3) are connected together internally per digit. Each segment cathode (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and L/L1/L2 for the decimal points/indicators) is brought out to a separate pin. This architecture is optimal for multiplexed driving, where a microcontroller sequentially energizes each digit's common anode while presenting the pattern for that digit on the shared cathode lines.

Pinout Summary:Pin 2: Common Anode Digit 1; Pin 6: Common Anode Digit 2; Pin 8: Common Anode Digit 3. Cathodes: Pin 3 (E), 4 (C), 5 (D), 7 (L/L1/L2), 9 (G), 12 (B), 15 (A), 16 (F). Pins 1, 10, 11, 13, 14 are noted as \"No Connection and No Pin.\"

. Soldering and Assembly Guidelines

The key assembly specification is the solder temperature profile: a maximum of 260°C for a maximum of 3 seconds, measured 1.6mm below the seating plane of the package. This is a standard lead-free reflow soldering requirement. Designers must ensure their PCB assembly process adheres to this limit to prevent damage to the internal LED chips or the plastic package. The recommended 1.0mm PCB hole diameter aids in proper lead insertion and solder wicking. Standard ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) precautions should be observed during handling. For storage, the specified temperature range of -35°C to +105°C applies.

. Application Suggestions and Design Considerations

.1 Typical Application Circuits

The most common drive method is multiplexing. A microcontroller or dedicated display driver IC would have three output lines to control the three common anodes (via transistors, as the current for an entire digit can be significant) and eight output lines to control the segment cathodes (typically via current-limiting resistors or a constant-current driver). The microcontroller rapidly cycles through each digit, turning on its anode and enabling the cathodes for the segments that should be lit for that digit. The persistence of vision creates the illusion of a stable, three-digit display.

.2 Critical Design Considerations

• Current Limiting:External resistors are mandatory for each cathode line (or a constant-current driver) to set the forward current (IF) for the segments. The value is calculated based on the supply voltage (Vcc), the LED forward voltage (VF ~2.6V), and the desired current (e.g., 10-20 mA for good brightness, respecting the derating curve).
• Thermal Management:The current derating with temperature is vital. In high ambient temperature environments or enclosures with poor ventilation, the maximum continuous current must be reduced accordingly to prevent overheating and accelerated degradation.
• Multiplexing Frequency:Must be high enough to avoid visible flicker (typically >60 Hz per digit). The duty cycle affects perceived brightness; average current must be considered for power and thermal calculations.
• Viewing Angle:The wide viewing angle is an advantage, but the mounting position should still be considered relative to the intended user.

. Technical Comparison and Differentiation

Compared to older technologies like vacuum fluorescent displays (VFDs) or incandescent displays, the AlInGaP LED offers significantly lower power consumption, higher reliability, and insensitivity to vibration. Compared to standard red GaAsP LEDs, AlInGaP technology provides much higher luminous efficiency (more light per mA) and better stability over temperature and time. The specific combination of a light gray face with white segments in this device enhances contrast compared to all-red or all-green displays with a black face, potentially improving readability in certain conditions.

. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)

Q: What is the purpose of the \"No Connection and No Pin\" positions?

A: This is often done to maintain a standard physical footprint or pin spacing that may be shared with other display variants in a product family, even if some pins are not electrically used in this specific model. It ensures mechanical compatibility.

Q: How do I interpret the Luminous Intensity Matching Ratio of 1.6:1?

A: This guarantees visual uniformity. If you measure all segments of one digit at the same current, the dimmest segment will have an intensity of \"X,\" and the brightest segment will have an intensity no greater than \"1.6 * X.\" A lower ratio indicates better uniformity.

Q: Can I drive this display with a 5V microcontroller directly?

A: No. You must use external components. The microcontroller GPIO pins cannot source/sink enough current for the LEDs (especially the common anode current for a whole digit). Furthermore, you need current-limiting resistors in series with each cathode. The circuit requires transistors (e.g., NPN/PNP or MOSFETs) to switch the higher current for the common anodes.

. Practical Application Example

Scenario: Designing a simple 3-digit voltmeter display.A microcontroller with an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) measures a voltage. The firmware converts this reading to three decimal digits. Using a multiplexing routine, the microcontroller would: 1) Turn off all digit anode drivers. 2) Output the segment pattern for the \"hundreds\" digit on the cathode lines (e.g., to display \"1\\