Takardar Bayanin LED LTC-4627KD-11 - Tsawon Lamba 0.4-inch - Hyper Red (650nm) - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 2.6V - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTC-4627KD-11 wani babban na'ura ne na nuni na LED mai lamba uku, sassa bakwai, wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi masu haske da bayyananne. Da tsawon lamba na 0.4 inches (10.0 mm), yana ba da kyakkyawan gani. Na'urar tana amfani da ƙwararrun guntu na LED na AS-AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) Hyper Red, waɗanda aka girma akan tushen GaAs. Wannan fasaha sananniya ce saboda ingantacciyar aiki da fitar da haske mai ƙarfi. Nuni yana da fuskar launin toka tare da alamun sassa fari, yana ba da bambanci mai girma don mafi kyawun bayyanar haruffa a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban. Manufofinsa na farko na ƙira sune ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, amincin ƙwaƙƙwaran jiki, da faɗin kusurwar kallo, wanda ya sa ya dace da kayan aikin masana'antu, na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci, da kayan gwaji.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali & Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Nuni yana da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci da ke bambanta shi a kasuwa. Sassa masu ci gaba da daidaito suna tabbatar da nuni na lambobi mai haɗin kai da kyan gani ba tare da gibi ko rashin daidaituwa ba. Babban haske da babban bambanci suna tabbatar da iya karantawa ko da a cikin wurare masu haske. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da za a iya kallon nunin daga wurare marasa tsayi. Bugu da ƙari, an rarraba na'urar don ƙarfin haske, ma'ana ana rarraba raka'o'in kuma ana tsara su bisa ga fitar da haske, yana ba da damar daidaitaccen haske a cikin nunuka da yawa a cikin samfur ɗaya. Kunshin da ba shi da gubar yana tabbatar da bin ka'idojin muhalli kamar RoHS. Kasuwannin da ake nufi sun haɗa da mitoci na panel, kayan sarrafa tsari, na'urorin likita, kayan binciken motoci, da duk wani aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar amintaccen nuni na lambobi masu yawa.

2. Zurfin Bincike Kan Sigogi na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na gaskiya game da mahimman sigogi na na'urar kamar yadda aka ayyana a cikin takardar bayanai.

2.1 Halaye na Hoto & Na Gani

Ayyukan gani shine tsakiyar aikin wannan nunin. Launi na farko shine Hyper Red, wanda ke da mafi girman tsayin fitarwa (λp) na nanometers 650 da kuma tsayin rai (λd) na nanometers 639, wanda aka auna a lokacin gaba (IF) na 20mA. Ramin layin bakan (Δλ) shine 20 nm, yana nuna launin ja mai tsafta. Mafi mahimmancin sigogi shine matsakaicin ƙarfin haske (Iv). A ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki na 1mA, ƙarfin na yau da kullun shine 200 μcd (microcandelas). A daidaitaccen ƙarfin aiki na 10mA, ƙarfin yana tashi sosai zuwa ƙimar yau da kullun na 750 μcd, tare da matsakaicin ƙayyadaddun har zuwa 9750 μcd, yana nuna ƙarfin haske na fasahar AlInGaP. Matsakaicin daidaiton ƙarfin haske tsakanin sassa an ƙayyade shi a matsakaicin 2:1 a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske iri ɗaya (IF=1mA), yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen haske a duk sassan lamba.

2.2 Sigogi na Lantarki

Halayen lantarki suna ayyana iyakokin aiki da buƙatun wutar lantarki. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba kowane sashe (VF) yawanci 2.6V ne, tare da matsakaicin 2.6V lokacin da ake tuƙa shi da 20mA. Wannan ƙaramin ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana ba da gudummawar rage yawan zafin wutar lantarki gabaɗaya. Matsakaicin ƙididdiga na cikakke suna saita iyakoki masu ƙarfi: ci gaba da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba kowane sashe shine 25 mA, kuma ƙarfin wutar lantarki kowane sashe bai kamata ya wuce 70 mW ba. Don aikin bugun jini, ana ba da izinin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba mai girma na 90 mA a ƙarƙashin takamaiman sharuɗɗa (mitar 1kHz, aikin aiki na 18%). Na'urar na iya jure ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya (VR) har zuwa 5V kowane sashe, tare da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (IR) ƙasa da 100 μA a wannan ƙarfin. Kewayon zafin aiki da ajiya yana da faɗi sosai, daga -35°C zuwa +105°C, yana nuna ƙarfi don wurare masu tsauri.

2.3 Halaye na Zafi & Solder

Ana nuna sarrafa zafi ta hanyar jagororin rage daraja. Matsakaicin ƙimar ci gaba da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana raguwa a layi daya daga 25°C a ƙimar 0.28 mA/°C. Wannan yana nufin amintaccen ƙarfin aiki yana raguwa yayin da yanayin yanayi ya ƙaru. Don haɗawa, takardar bayanai ta ƙayyade bayanin yanayin zafin solder: ana iya sanya na'urar zuwa zafin jiki na 260°C na dakika 3, wanda aka auna 1/16 inch (kusan 1.6 mm) a ƙasan matakin wurin zama na kunshin. Wannan sigogi ne mai mahimmanci don hanyoyin solder na igiyar ruwa ko sake karkatarwa don hana lalacewa ga guntun LED ko kunshin filastik.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Takardar bayanai a sarari ta bayyana cewa an "Rarraba don Ƙarfin Hasken". Wannan yana nufin tsarin rarrabawa ko tsarawa da ake yi yayin masana'antu. Saboda ƙananan bambance-bambance na asali a cikin girma na epitaxial na semiconductor da ƙirar guntu, LED ɗin kowane mutum na iya samun ɗan bambance-bambance a cikin fitarwa na gani ko da ana tuƙa su iri ɗaya. Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samfuran ƙarshe, masana'antun suna gwadawa da rarraba LED zuwa "kwantena" daban-daban bisa takamaiman sigogi. Ga LTC-4627KD-11, babban ma'aunin rarrabawa shine ƙarfin haske (Iv). Ana haɗa raka'o'in ta yadda nunin da ke cikin oda ɗaya ko rukunin samarwa suna da matakan haske masu kama da juna, suna kiyaye kamanni iri ɗaya. Matsakaicin ƙimar daidaiton ƙarfin 2:1 sakamako ne kai tsaye na wannan tsarin rarrabawa. Duk da yake ba a cikakken bayani a cikin wannan takardar bayanai ta musamman ba, sauran sigogin rarrabawa na gama gari na LED na iya haɗawa da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (VF) da tsayin rai (λd) don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da na lantarki.

4. Bincike Kan Lankwasa Aiki

Duk da yake ɓangaren takardar bayanai da aka bayar yana nuni ga "Lankwasa Halaye na Lantarki / Na Gani na Yau da Kullun" a shafi na ƙarshe, ba a haɗa takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutun ba. Dangane da daidaitattun halayen LED da sigogin da aka bayar, zamu iya fahimtar yiwuwar yanayin da waɗannan lankwasan za su nuna. Lankwasa na Yau da Kullun na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (I-V) zai nuna alaƙar ma'auni, tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana tashi zuwa kusan 2.1-2.6V a cikin yankin aiki na 10-20mA. Lankwasa Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (L-I) zai nuna kusan haɓakar fitar da haske tare da ƙarfin lantarki a cikin kewayon aiki na al'ada, yana fara cika a cikin ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi sosai. Lankwasa rarraba bakan zai nuna kololuwa guda ɗaya a tsakiya kusan 650 nm tare da ƙayyadadden faɗin rabin 20 nm. Halayen zafin jiki za su nuna raguwa a cikin ƙarfin haske da ɗan raguwa a cikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba yayin da zafin haɗin ya ƙaru.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Kunshin

5.1 Girma na Jiki & Zane

Na'urar ta zo a cikin daidaitaccen kunshin nunin LED. Mahimmin girma shine tsawon lamba na 10.0 mm (0.4 inches). Zanen girmen kunshin (wanda aka ambata amma ba a cikakken bayani a cikin rubutu ba) yawanci zai nuna tsayin gabaɗaya, faɗi, da tsayin na'urar, tazarar tsakanin lambobi, girman sashe, da tazarar ginshiƙi (fil) da tsayi. An ƙayyade ƙimar duk ma'auni na layi a matsayin ±0.25 mm (0.01 inches) sai dai idan an faɗi in ba haka ba, wanda shine ma'auni don irin wannan ɓangaren.

5.2 Zane na Fil & Haɗin kai

An ayyana haɗin fil a sarari don wannan na'urar mai fil 16. Tsarin haɗin kai ne mai yawa, na gama-gari. Zanen da'irar ciki yana nuna cewa kowane lamba huɗu (Lamba 1, 2, 3, 4) yana da nasa fil na cathode gama gari (fil 1, 2, 6, 8 bi da bi). Sassa (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, DP) da sassan colon (L1, L2, L3) an haɗa su da anode. Musamman, an haɗa anode na sassa: A & L1 suna raba cathode (fil 14), B & L2 suna raba cathode (fil 16), C & L3 suna raba cathode (fil 13), yayin da D, E, F, G, da DP suna da fil ɗin cathode na mutum ɗaya (3, 5, 11, 15, 7). An inganta wannan tsari don haɗawa da yawa, inda ake haskaka lambobi ɗaya bayan ɗaya cikin sauri.

6. Jagororin Solder & Haɗawa

Babban umarnin haɗawa da aka bayar shine iyakar zafin solder: 260°C na dakika 3 a wuri 1.6 mm ƙasa da jikin kunshin. Wannan jagora ce mai mahimmanci don hana lalacewa ta zafi. Don sake karkatar da solder, ya kamata a yi amfani da bayanin martaba tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki wanda bai wuce 260°C ba kuma lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (misali, 217°C) an sarrafa shi a hankali. Ya kamata a yi solder na hannu da ƙarfe cikin sauri kuma tare da daidaitaccen zafin zafi idan zai yiwu. Tsawaita bayyanar da babban zafin jiki na iya launin rawaya ruwan tabarau na filastik, lalata epoxy, ko lalata haɗin waya a cikin kunshin. Ya kamata kuma a kiyaye kewayon zafin ajiya (-35°C zuwa +105°C) kafin da bayan haɗawa. Ya kamata a ajiye na'urar a cikin jakar shinge ta asali na danshi har sai an yi amfani da ita idan tana da hankali ga danshi.

7. Kunshin & Bayanin Oda

Lambar sashi ita ce LTC-4627KD-11. Prefix "LTC" mai yiwuwa ya gano shi azaman samfurin nunin Lite-On. "4627" shine jerin ko lambar samfurin tushe. "KD" na iya nuna takamaiman halaye kamar launi (Hyper Red) da nau'in kunshin. "-11" mai yiwuwa lambar bita ko bambance-bambance ce. Na'urar ba ta da gubar, tana bin umarnin RoHS. Daidaitaccen kunshin don irin waɗannan nunin sau da yawa a cikin bututu masu hana wutar lantarki ko tire don kare fil da ruwan tabarau yayin sarrafawa da jigilar kaya. Ba a ƙayyade ainihin adadin kowane bututu/tire da girman akwatin babba a cikin wannan ɓangaren amma za a samu a cikin takamaiman ƙayyadaddun kunshin.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

An tsara LTC-4627KD-11 don aiki mai yawa. Da'irar tuƙi ta yau da kullun ta ƙunshi microcontroller ko takamaiman IC mai tuƙa nunin (kamar MAX7219 ko TM1637). Microcontroller zai sami fil ɗin fitarwa da yawa waɗanda aka haɗa zuwa sassan cathode (A-G, DP) da wasu filaye da yawa waɗanda aka haɗa zuwa fil ɗin cathode gama gari na lamba (Lamba 1-4). Software ɗin zai aiwatar da tsarin haɗawa da yawa: yana saita tsarin Lamba 1 akan layukan sashe, yana kunna (yana zubar da ƙarfin lantarki zuwa) cathode gama gari na Lamba 1 na ɗan lokaci (misali, 2-5 ms), sannan ya kashe shi, ya saita tsarin Lamba 2, ya kunna cathode na Lamba 2, da sauransu, yana zagayawa cikin duk lambobi huɗu cikin sauri. Idon ɗan adam yana ganin wannan a matsayin nunin lamba 3 mai haske ci gaba (da colon). Ana tilasta resistors masu iyakance ƙarfin lantarki a jere tare da kowane layin cathode na sashe don saita ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da ake so (misali, 10mA).

8.2 Abubuwan Ƙira

Iyakance Ƙarfin Lantarki:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistors na waje masu iyakance ƙarfin lantarki. Ana iya ƙididdige ƙimar ta amfani da R = (Vcc - Vf) / If, inda Vcc shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki (misali, 5V), Vf shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (~2.6V), kuma If shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da ake so (misali, 0.01A). Wannan yana ba da R = (5 - 2.6)/0.01 = 240 Ohms. Daidaitaccen resistor na 220 ko 270 Ohm zai dace.
Mita Haɗawa da Yawa:Ya kamata ƙimar sabunta ta yi yawa sosai don guje wa ƙyalli da ake iya gani, yawanci sama da 60 Hz kowane lamba. Tare da lambobi 4, cikakken zagayowar ya kamata ya zama >240 Hz. Matsakaicin ƙimar binciken lamba na 1-2 kHz ya zama ruwan dare.
Ƙarfin Tuƙi na Direba:Tabbatar cewa microcontroller ko direban IC zai iya zubar da jimillar ƙarfin lantarki na girma don lamba ɗaya. Lokacin da Lamba 1 ke kan, duk sassa 7 tare da maki goma sha biyu za a iya haskaka su, yana buƙatar fil ɗin cathode gama gari ya zubar da 8 * 10mA = 80mA. Wannan sau da yawa ya wuce ƙimar fil ɗin microcontroller, yana buƙatar amfani da transistors na waje (misali, PNP ko N-channel MOSFETs) don sauya cathode gama gari.
Kusurwar Kallo:Sanya nunin yana la'akari da faɗin kusurwar kallonsa don haɓaka iya karantawa ga mai amfani na ƙarshe.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar daidaitattun LED ja na GaP ko ma na farko na AlGaAs LEDs, fasahar AlInGaP a cikin LTC-4627KD-11 tana ba da ingantacciyar inganci mai haske sosai. Wannan yana nufin yana samar da ƙarin haske (mafi girman μcd/mA) don shigar da lantarki iri ɗaya, yana haifar da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki don takamaiman haske ko mafi girman haske a daidaitattun ƙarfin lantarki. Ƙirar fuska mai launin toka/farin sashe tana ba da mafi kyawun bambanci fiye da duk nunin ja ko kore, musamman a ƙarƙashin hasken yanayi. Rarrabawa (rarrabawa) don ƙarfi shine babban abin banbancewa daga nunin da ba a rarraba ba, ƙarancin farashi, yana tabbatar da daidaito na matakin ƙwararru. Kewayon aikin sa na -35°C zuwa +105°C ya fi yawa fiye da yawancin nunin na mabukaci, yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen masana'antu da na motoci inda ake fuskantar matsanancin zafin jiki.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Menene manufar "Babu Haɗin kai" da "Babu Fil" akan zanen fil?
A: Fil ɗin "Babu Haɗin kai" (NC) suna nan a zahiri amma ba a haɗa su da lantarki zuwa kowane ɓangaren ciki ba. Suna ba da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya a cikin soket ko PCB. "Babu Fil" yana nufin cewa matsayin fil ɗin ba ya nan a zahiri daga kunshin; ramin da ke cikin PCB ya kamata a yi masa plating amma ba a haɗa shi da kowane alama ba.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan nunin tare da da'irar ƙarfin lantarki na dindindin (ba mai haɗawa da yawa ba)?
A: A fasaha a'a, amma ba shi da inganci kuma ba a ba da shawarar ba. Za ku buƙaci 4 (lambobi) * 8 (sassa matsakaici) = 32 tashoshi masu tuƙa na mutum ɗaya, yana ƙara rikitarwar da'ira da farashi sosai. Haɗawa da yawa shine hanyar da aka yi niyya kuma mafi kyau.

Q: Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske shine 9750 μcd a 10mA. Shin wannan yana nufin nunina zai zama mai haske haka?
A: A'a. 9750 μcd shinematsakaicinƙima daga takardar bayanai.na yau da kullunƙimar ita ce 750 μcd. Saboda tsarin rarrabawa, za ku karɓi nunin da ke cikin takamaiman kewayon ƙarfi, amma da wuya su kasance a matsakaicin matsakaici. Yi ƙira don ƙimar yau da kullun ko mafi ƙanƙanta don tabbatar da cewa samfurinku yana aiki tare da kowane raka'a a cikin ƙayyadaddun bayanai.

Q: Menene ma'anar "Hyper Red" idan aka kwatanta da ja na yau da kullun?
A: Hyper Red yawanci yana nufin LED na AlInGaP tare da tsayin rai kusan 630-660 nm. Suna bayyana a matsayin ja mai zurfi, mai cika fiye da ja-orange na daidaitattun LED na GaAsP (~620 nm) kuma suna da haske sosai kuma suna da inganci.

11. Ƙira na Aiki & Lamarin Amfani

Lamari: Ƙirar Karatun Voltmeter mai Lamba 3.Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙirar na'urar samar da wutar lantarki na benci wanda ke buƙatar nunin ƙarfin lantarki mai lamba 3 (0.0V zuwa 30.0V). An zaɓi LTC-4627KD-11 saboda haskensa, iya karantawa, da ƙimar zafin jiki na masana'antu. Ƙirar tana amfani da microcontroller tare da ADC don auna ƙarfin fitarwa. Firmware na microcontroller yana sarrafa jujjuyawar zuwa tsarin BCD (Binary-Coded Decimal) don nunin. Tunda fil ɗin I/O na microcontroller ba zai iya zubar da 80mA ba, ana amfani da ƙananan MOSFETs na SMD N-channel don sauya fil ɗin cathode gama gari na kowane lamba. Layukan sassa an haɗa su kai tsaye zuwa microcontroller ta hanyar resistors 220 Ohm masu iyakance ƙarfin lantarki. Tsarin haɗawa da yawa yana gudana a 500 Hz kowane lamba (lokacin kan 2 ms), yana haifar da nunin mara ƙyalli. Fuskar launin toka tana ba da kyakkyawan bambanci da baƙar gefen kayan aikin. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana ba da damar mai amfani ya karanta ƙarfin lantarki daidai daga wurare daban-daban a kusa da teburin aiki.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Fasaha

Babban fasaha shine guntu na LED na AS-AlInGaP. AlInGaP wani fili ne na semiconductor na III-V. Ta hanyar sarrafa daidai gwargwado na Aluminum, Indium, Gallium, da Phosphorus yayin tsarin girma na epitaxial akan tushen Gallium Arsenide (GaAs), injiniyoyi na iya daidaita bandgap na kayan. Ƙarfin bandgap yana ƙayyade tsayin haske (launi) da aka fitar lokacin da electrons suka sake haɗuwa tare da ramuka a kan haɗin. AlInGaP yana da inganci musamman wajen samar da hasken ja, orange, da rawaya. Kalmar "Hyper Red" tana nuna takamaiman abun da ke samar da hasken ja mai zurfi kusan 650 nm. Ana haɗa guntu ɗin da waya kuma an rufe shi a cikin ruwan tabarau na epoxy a cikin kunshin nunin filastik. An ƙirƙiri tsarin sassa bakwai ta hanyar sanya ƙananan guntu na LED da yawa (ko guntu guda ɗaya tare da haɗin gwiwa da yawa) a cikin tsarin lamba, tare da haɗa anodes ko cathodes ɗin su yadda ya kamata don samar da sassa.

13. Trends na Fasaha & Ci gaba

Duk da yake keɓantattun nunin LED na sassa bakwai sun kasance masu mahimmanci ga aikace-aikace da yawa, gabaɗayan yanayin fasahar nunin yana zuwa ga haɗin kai da mafi girman yawa. Wannan ya haɗa da haɓakar nunin LED na dot-matrix da OLEDs waɗanda zasu iya nuna haruffa haruffa da zane-zane. Duk da haka, don keɓantaccen karatun lambobi, nunin sassa bakwai suna ba da ingantaccen farashi, sauƙi, da iya karantawa mai tsanani. Juyin halitta a cikin wannan ɓangaren yana mai da hankali kan inganta inganci (lumens kowace watt), yana ba da damar rage amfani da wutar lantarki da rage samar da zafi. Hakanan akwai yanayin zuwa ga ƙanƙanta yayin kiyayewa ko ƙara haske, da kuma ba da launuka iri-iri da salon kunshin (saman-mount vs. ta cikin rami). Ƙaura zuwa kunshin mara gubar, mai bin RoHS, kamar yadda aka gani tare da LTC-4627KD-11, yanzu buƙatu ne na yau da kullun wanda dokokin muhalli na duniya suka motsa. Ci gaba na gaba na iya haɗawa da haɗakar da'irar tuƙi a cikin kunshin nunin don ƙara sauƙaƙe ƙirar tsarin.