Takardar Bayani na Fasaha na LED Infrared 3mm HIR204C - Kunshin T-1 - Ƙarfin Gaba na 1.45V - Ikon 150mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda ta ba da cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na diode mai fitar da haske (LED) infrared 3mm (T-1) mai ƙarfi. An ƙera na'urar don fitar da haske a tsayin raƙuman raƙuman 850 nanometers (nm), wanda ya sa ta dace da aikace-aikace iri-iri na gano infrared da watsawa. Babban fa'idodinta sun haɗa da amintaccen aiki, fitar da haske mai ƙarfi, da ƙarancin buƙatun ƙarfin gaba.

An gina LED ta amfani da kayan guntu na Gallium Aluminum Arsenide (GaAlAs) kuma an sanya shi a cikin kunshin filastik mai tsabta. An daidaita wannan fitarwa ta haske da gangan don ya dace da masu karɓar infrared na yau da kullun kamar phototransistor, photodiodes, da haɗaɗɗun na'urori masu karɓa. Samfurin ya bi ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari).

1.1 Aikace-aikacen Da Ake Nufi

An ƙera na'urar don tsarin da ke buƙatar ingantaccen siginar infrared. Manyan wuraren aikace-aikace sun haɗa da:

• Tsarin watsa bayanan gani na iska kyauta.
• Na'urorin sarrafa nesa na infrared, musamman waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfin fitarwa.
• Tsarin gano hayaƙi da ƙararrawar gobara ta amfani da ka'idojin gano gani.
• Tsarin aikace-aikace na infrared na gabaɗaya don amfanin masana'antu ko masu amfani.

2. Bincike na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna bayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.

• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba na Ci gaba (I_F): 100 mA
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba na Kololuwa (I_FP): 1.0 A (Faɗin bugun jini ≤ 100μs, Tsarin Aiki ≤ 1%)
• Ƙarfin Juyawa (V_R): 5 V
• Zazzabi na Aiki (T_opr): -40°C zuwa +85°C
• Zazzabi na Ajiya (T_stg): -40°C zuwa +100°C
• Zazzabin Solder (T_sol): 260°C (na ≤ 5 seconds)
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d): 150 mW (a ko ƙasa da 25°C zazzabin muhalli)

2.2 Halayen Lantarki-Gani (T_a= 25°C)

Waɗannan sigogi suna bayyana aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun sharuɗɗan gwaji.

• Ƙarfin Haske (I_e):
  • Na al'ada: 17.6 mW/sr a I_F= 20 mA.
  • Na al'ada: 90 mW/sr a I_F= 100 mA (bugun jini).
  • Na al'ada: 900 mW/sr a I_F= 1 A (bugun jini).
• Tsayin Raƙuman Kololuwa (λ_p): Na al'ada 850 nm a I_F= 20 mA.
• Faɗin Bandwidth na Haske (Δλ): Na al'ada 45 nm a I_F= 20 mA.
• Ƙarfin Gaba (V_F):
  • Na al'ada: 1.45 V, Matsakaici: 1.65 V a I_F= 20 mA.
  • Na al'ada: 1.80 V, Matsakaici: 2.40 V a I_F= 100 mA (bugun jini).
  • Na al'ada: 4.10 V, Matsakaici: 5.25 V a I_F= 1 A (bugun jini).
• Halin Juyawa (I_R): Matsakaici 10 μA a V_R= 5 V.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2): Na al'ada digiri 25 a I_F= 20 mA.

Lura: An ƙayyade rashin tabbas na ma'auni don ƙarfin gaba (±0.1V), ƙarfin haske (±10%), da tsayin raƙuman raƙuman (±1.0nm).

3. Bincike na Lankwasa Aiki

Takardar bayani tana ba da lankwasai masu yawa na halaye waɗanda ke kwatanta halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Waɗannan suna da mahimmanci ga injiniyoyin ƙira don hasashen aiki a aikace-aikacen duniya.

3.1 Halin Gaba vs. Zazzabin Muhalli

Wannan lankwasa yana nuna raguwar matsakaicin halin gaba da aka yarda yayin da zazzabin muhalli ke ƙaruwa. Ƙarfin rushewar wutar lantarki na na'urar yana raguwa tare da hawan zafin jiki, wanda dole ne a yi la'akari da shi a cikin ƙirar zafi don hana yin zafi.

3.2 Rarraba Haske

Jadawalin fitarwa na haske yana tabbatar da fitarwa mai kololuwa a 850nm tare da ƙayyadaddun bandwidth. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da dacewa tare da hankalin haske na mai karɓa da ake nufi (misali, na'urar gano haske ta silicon, wacce take da hankali sosai a kusa da 800-900nm).

3.3 Ƙarfin Haske vs. Halin Gaba

Wannan makircin yana nuna alaƙa tsakanin halin tuƙi da fitarwa na gani. Yawanci yana nuna ƙarancin haɓaka mai layi, ma'ana inganci na iya raguwa a cikin halaye masu girma sosai. Masu ƙira suna amfani da wannan don zaɓar wurin aiki wanda ke daidaita ƙarfin fitarwa tare da inganci da tsawon rayuwar na'urar.

3.4 Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haske vs. Matsakaicin Kusurwa

Wannan makircin polar yana bayyana tsarin fitarwa na sararin samaniya (kusurwar dubawa). Matsakaicin rabin kusurwar digiri 25 yana nuna katako mai mai da hankali sosai, wanda ke da amfani don jagorantar makamashin infrared zuwa wani takamaiman manufa ko firikwensin.

3.5 Tsayin Raƙuman Fitarwa na Kololuwa vs. Zazzabin Muhalli

LEDs na infrared suna nuna canji a cikin tsayin raƙuman raƙuman tare da zafin jiki, yawanci kusan 0.2-0.3 nm/°C. Wannan lankwasa yana ƙididdige wannan canji don HIR204C, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen inda daidaita tsayin raƙuman raƙuman yake da mahimmanci.

3.6 Halin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Gaba (Lankwasa I-V)

Mahimmin halayen lantarki na diode. Ana amfani da wannan lankwasa don ƙayyade raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a cikin LED a wani halin aiki da aka bayar, wanda ya zama dole don ƙirar da'irar tuƙi (misali, zaɓar resistor mai iyakance halin ko ƙira mai tuƙi mai dindindin).

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

4.1 Girman Kunshi (T-1, 3mm)

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitattun girman kunshin radial T-1 (3mm). Manyan ƙayyadaddun injiniya sun haɗa da:

• Girman kunshin gabaɗaya yana kusan 3.0mm.
• Matsakaicin tazarar jagora (tsakanin cibiyoyi) shine 2.54mm (0.1 inches).
• An ba da cikakken zane mai girma a cikin takardar bayani, yana ƙayyade tsayi, diamita, da ma'aunin wayoyin jagora tare da juzu'in gabaɗaya na ±0.25mm sai dai idan an lura daban.

4.2 Gano Polarity

LED yana da gefe mai lebur akan ruwan tabarau ko gajeriyar jagora don nuna tashar cathode (maras kyau). Dole ne a kiyaye daidaitaccen polarity yayin haɗa da'ira.

5. Jagororin Solder da Taro

Kula da kyau yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye amincin na'urar da aiki.

5.1 Samuwar Jagora

• Dole ne lanƙwasa ya faru aƙalla 3mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau na epoxy don guje wa damuwa akan mutuwar ciki da haɗin waya.
• Samar da jagororin kafin solder.
• Kauce wa amfani da damuwa ga kunshin. Ramin PCB dole ne ya yi daidai da jagororin LED don hana damuwa na hawa.
• Yanke jagora a zazzabin daki.

5.2 Yanayin Ajiya

• Ajiyar da aka ba da shawarar: ≤ 30°C da ≤ 70% Yanayin Yanayi (RH).
• Tsawon rayuwar shinge bayan jigilar kaya shine watanni 3 a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan.
• Don ajiya mai tsawo (har zuwa shekara 1), yi amfani da akwati mai rufaffiyar iska tare da yanayin nitrogen da desiccant.
• Kauce wa saurin canjin zafin jiki a cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano don hana hazo.

5.3 Shawarwarin Solder

Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin nisa na 3mm daga haɗin solder zuwa kwararan fitila na epoxy.

• Solder na Hannu: Zazzabin ƙarshen ƙarfe ≤ 300°C (max 30W), lokacin solder ≤ 3 seconds.
• Solder Wave/Dip: Preheat ≤ 100°C (max 60 sec), wanka solder ≤ 260°C, lokacin zama ≤ 5 seconds.
• Kauce wa damuwa akan jagororin yayin ayyuka masu zafi.
• Kada ku yi dip/solder na hannu fiye da sau ɗaya.
• Bari na'urar ta huce a hankali zuwa zazzabin daki bayan solder, kare ta daga girgiza ko girgiza yayin sanyaya.

5.4 Tsaftacewa

• Idan ya cancanta, tsaftace kawai tare da barasa na isopropyl a zazzabin daki na ≤ 1 minti. Bushewa da iska.
• Ba a ba da shawarar tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic ba. Idan ba za a iya kaucewa ba, dole ne a yi la'akari da tasirinsa mai yuwuwa.

6. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

6.1 Kayan Kunshi & Ƙayyadaddun Bayani

Ana tattara na'urori ta amfani da kayan da ba su da ɗanɗano don hana lalacewa yayin ajiya da sufuri. Matsayin tattara shi ne:

1. Ana sanya na'urori a cikin jakunkunan anti-static.
2. Ana sanya jakunkuna a cikin akwatunan ciki.
3. Ana tattara akwatunan ciki zuwa manyan akwatunan jigilar kaya.

6.2 Adadin Kunshi

• Mafi ƙarancin 200 zuwa 1000 guda a kowace jakar anti-static.
• Jakuna 5 a kowace akwati na ciki.
• Akwatuna 10 a kowace babban akwatin jigilar kaya.

6.3 Bayanin Alama

Alamomi akan kunshi sun ƙunshi manyan masu gano suna:

• CPN: Lambar Samar da Abokin Ciniki
• P/N: Lambar Samarwa (Lambar Bangare)
• QTY: Adadin Kunshi
• CAT: Matsayi (kwandon aiki)
• HUE: Tsayin Raƙuman Raƙuman
• REF: Tunani
• LOT No: Lambar Lot don bin sawu

7. La'akari da Ƙirar Aikace-aikace

7.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Tuƙi

Sakamakon halayen I-V na diode, dole ne mai tuƙi mai dindindin ko resistor mai iyakance halin. Ƙimar resistor (R_limit) za a iya ƙididdige ta ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_limit= (V_supply- V_F) / I_F. Koyaushe yi amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga takardar bayani don wani I_Fdon tabbatar da isasshen halin a ƙarƙashin duk yanayi. Don aikin bugun jini (misali, sarrafa nesa), tabbatar da mai tuƙi zai iya samar da babban halin kololuwa (har zuwa 1A) tare da daidaitaccen tsarin aiki.

7.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Yayin da kunshin zai iya rushe 150mW a 25°C, wannan ƙimar tana raguwa tare da zazzabin muhalli. A cikin wurare masu rufaffiyar ko manyan zafin jiki na muhalli, tabbatar da ainihin rushewar wutar lantarki (I_F* V_F) ya kasance ƙasa da iyakar da aka rage. Isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko wasu heatsinking na iya zama dole don ci gaba da aikin babban halin.

7.3 Ƙirar Gani

Kusurwar dubawa na digiri 25 yana ba da daidaito tsakanin tattara katako da ɗaukar hoto. Don aikace-aikace masu tsayi, ana iya amfani da na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau) don daidaita katako. Don ɗaukar hoto mai faɗi, mai yiwuwa ya zama dole mai watsawa. Tabbatar da filin dubawa na mai karɓa da hankalin haske sun yi daidai da fitarwa na LED.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban bambance-bambancen HIR204C a cikin ajinsa (LEDs IR 3mm) shine haɗinsa naƙarfin haske mai ƙarfi(har zuwa 900 mW/sr bugun jini) daƙarancin ƙarfin gaba(na al'ada 1.45V a 20mA). Wannan yana sa ya zama mai inganci, yana rage amfani da wutar lantarki da samar da zafi don wani fitarwa na haske idan aka kwatanta da na'urori masu babban V_F. Tsayin raƙuman raƙuman 850nm shine ma'auni ga masu karɓa na tushen silicon, yana ba da daidaito mai kyau tsakanin hankalin mai karɓa da rashin ganuwa. Ƙarfinsa na gini da kayan kunshi masu tsabta suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen amincinsa da aka bayyana.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

9.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin ƙimar halin ci gaba da na bugun jini?

Matsakaicin halin ci gaba (100mA) shine matsakaicin halin DC wanda LED zai iya ɗauka har abada ba tare da haɗarin lalacewa ba. Matsakaicin halin bugun jini (1A) ya fi girma sosai amma ana iya amfani da shi kawai don gajerun bugun jini (≤100μs) a ƙaramin tsarin aiki (≤1%). Wannan yana ba da damar fashewar haske mai ƙarfi sosai, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a cikin siginar sarrafa nesa, ba tare da yin zafi ga na'urar ba.

9.2 Me ya sa ƙarfin gaba ya fi girma a 1A idan aka kwatanta da 20mA?

Wannan ya faru ne saboda ainihin juriya na jerin a cikin guntu na LED da kunshi. Yayin da halin yake ƙaruwa, raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a wannan juriya na ciki (V = I * R) yana ƙaruwa, yana haifar da babban ƙarfin gaba gabaɗaya. Takardar bayani tana ba da wannan bayanin don masu tuƙi za su iya ƙirƙira don samar da ƙarfin lantarki da ake buƙata a halin aikin da ake nufi.

9.3 Shin ana iya amfani da wannan LED don watsa bayanai?

Ee, ƙarfinsa na saurin canzawa (wanda aka nuna ta amfani da shi a cikin sarrafa nesa) yana sa ya dace da watsa bayanan da aka daidaita a cikin tsarin iska kyauta. Matsakaicin adadin bayanai da za a iya samu zai dogara da ikon da'irar tuƙi don canza halin cikin sauri da bandwidth na mai karɓa.

10. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

10.1 Ƙirar Sauƙaƙan Beacon IR

Manufa: Ƙirƙiri beacon IR mai ci gaba da kunna don gano kusanci tare da kewayon 'yan mita.

Matakan Ƙira:

1. Zaɓi Matsayin Aiki: Zaɓi I_F= 50mA don daidaita ingantaccen fitarwa da matsakaicin ƙarfi. Daga lankwasa I-V, kimanta V_F≈ 1.6V.
2. Ƙididdige Mai Tuƙi: Ta amfani da samfurin 5V da resistor na jerin: R = (5V - 1.6V) / 0.05A = 68Ω. Wutar lantarki a cikin resistor: P = I²R = (0.05)² * 68 = 0.17W. Yi amfani da resistor 68Ω, 0.25W.
3. Binciken Zafi: Rushewar wutar lantarki na LED: P_LED= V_F* I_F= 1.6V * 0.05A = 80mW. Wannan yana ƙasa da ƙimar 150mW a 25°C. Idan ana tsammanin zazzabin muhalli zai zama 50°C, tuntuɓi lankwasa don ragewa don tabbatar da 80mW yana da aminci har yanzu.
4. Hawa: Sanya akan PCB tare da ramuka masu daidaitawa da jagororin. Solder, kiyaye haɗin gwiwa >3mm daga jikin ruwan tabarau.
5. Haɗawa: Yi amfani da phototransistor ko na'urar karɓa mai hankali ga hasken 850nm, an sanya shi a cikin mazugi na katako na digiri 25 na LED.

11. Ƙa'idar Aiki

LED infrared diode ne na semiconductor p-n junction. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin gaba, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su (GaAlAs a wannan yanayin) yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yana bayyana tsayin raƙuman raƙuman photons da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, a cikin yankin kusa da infrared kusa da 850nm. Kunshin epoxy mai tsabta yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau, yana siffata katako na fitarwa, kuma yana kare ƙwararren guntu na semiconductor.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Ci gaban LEDs na infrared yana ci gaba da mayar da hankali kan manyan wurare da yawa:Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki(ƙarin ƙarfin gani na fitarwa a kowace watt na lantarki),Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki(ƙananan kunshin da ke iya ɗaukar ƙarin halin), daIngantaccen Aminciƙarƙashin mawuyacin yanayin muhalli. Har ila yau, ana ci gaba da aiki don haɓaka na'urori a wasu takamaiman tsayin raƙuman raƙuman (misali, 940nm don ingantaccen ɓoyewa, ko takamaiman tsayin raƙuman raƙuman don gano iskar gas). Haɗawa tare da da'irar tuƙi da masu karɓa cikin ƙananan na'urori wani muhimmin al'ada ne, yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar tsarin ga masu amfani na ƙarshe. HIR204C yana wakiltar fasaha mai girma, amintacce wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ake nufi.