Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfur
- 1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi
- 2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha
- 2.1 Iyakar Ma'auni Mafi Girma
- 2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani
- 3. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki
- 3.1 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Zazzabin Yanayi
- 3.2 Rarraba Bakan Raɗi
- 3.3 Kololuwar Tsawon Raɗin Fitarwa vs. Zazzabin Yanayi
- 3.4 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Gaba
- 3.5 Ƙarfin Hasken Rana vs. Ƙarfin Gaba
- 3.6 Dangantaccen Ƙarfin Hasken Rana vs. Matsakaicin Kusurwa
- 4. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin
- 4.1 Girmamin Fakitin
- 4.2 Gano Polarity
- 5. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa
- 6. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda
- 6.1 Ƙayyadaddun Adadin Fakitin
- 6.2 Ƙayyadaddun Siffar Alamar
- 7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace
- 7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
- 7.2 Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Ƙira
- 8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
- 9. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)
- 9.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin ƙarfin gaba mai ci gaba da kololuwa?
- 9.2 Ta yaya zazzabin yanayi ke shafar aiki?
- 9.3 Shin ana buƙatar dumama?
- 10. Ƙirar Aiki da Yanayin Amfani
- 11. Ka'idar Aiki
- 12. Trends na Masana'antu da Ci Gaba
1. Bayanin Samfur
SIR204C wata diode ce mai fitar da hasken infrared mai ƙarfi, wacce aka sanya a cikin fakitin filastik mai tsabta mai diamita 3mm (T-1). An tsara ta don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar fitar da infrared mai dogaro tare da daidaitaccen jituwa da na'urorin gani na silicon. Na'urar tana amfani da guntu na GaAlAs don samar da haske a mafi girman tsawon raɗi na 875nm, wanda ya sa ta dace da tsarin gani da watsawa daban-daban.
1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi
Wannan LED tana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci da yawa ciki har da babban dogaro, ƙarancin ƙarfin gaba, da ƙaramin siffa tare da daidaitaccen tazarar jagora na 2.54mm. Tana daidaitaccen jituwa da na'urorin gani na yau da kullun kamar phototransistors, photodiodes, da na'urorin karɓar infrared. Samfurin ya bi ka'idojin RoHS, EU REACH, da ƙa'idodin marasa halogen (Br<900ppm, Cl<900ppm, Br+Cl<1500ppm). Manyan kasuwannin da ake nufi sun haɗa da na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, sarrafa masana'antu, da kayan aikin aminci waɗanda ke buƙatar siginar infrared ko gani.
2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha
Sasannin masu zuwa suna ba da cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun lantarki, na gani, da na zafi na na'urar.
2.1 Iyakar Ma'auni Mafi Girma
Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin da wucewarsu na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.
- Ci gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba (IF):100 mA
- Kololuwar Ƙarfin Gaba (IFP):1.0 A (Faɗin bugun jini ≤ 100μs, Tsarin Aiki ≤ 1%)
- Ƙarfin Juyawa (VR):5 V
- Zazzabin Aiki (Topr):-40°C zuwa +85°C
- Zazzabin Ajiya (Tstg):-40°C zuwa +100°C
- Zazzabin Solder (Tsol):260°C (na ≤ dakika 5)
- Ragewar Wutar (Pd):150 mW (a ko ƙasa da zazzabin yanayi na 25°C)
2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani
Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a zazzabin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C kuma suna ayyana yawan aikin na'urar.
- Ƙarfin Hasken Rana (Ie):4.0 mW/sr (Mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 6.4 mW/sr (Na yau da kullun) a IF=20mA. A ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (IF=100mA, aiki 1%), zai iya kaiwa 30 mW/sr, har zuwa 300 mW/sr a IF=1A.
- Kololuwar Tsawon Raɗi (λp):875 nm (Na yau da kullun) a IF=20mA.
- Faɗin Bakan Raɗi (Δλ):80 nm (Na yau da kullun) a IF=20mA.
- Ƙarfin Gaba (VF):1.3V (Na yau da kullun) zuwa 1.6V (Mafi girma) a IF=20mA. Wannan yana ƙaruwa a ƙarƙashin aikin bugun jini mafi girma.
- Ƙarfin Juyawa (IR):Mafi girma na 10 μA a VR=5V.
- Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Digiri 30 (Na yau da kullun) a IF=20mA.
Lura: Rashin tabbas na ma'auni shine ±0.1V don VF, ±10% don Ie, da ±1.0nm don λp.
3. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki
Takardar bayanan ta haɗa da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke kwatanta halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.
3.1 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Zazzabin Yanayi
Wannan lanƙwasa tana nuna alaƙa tsakanin mafi girman ƙarfin gaba mai ci gaba da aka halatta da zazzabin aikin yanayi. Yayin da zazzabi ya ƙaru, mafi girman ƙarfin da aka halatta yana raguwa a layi daya don hana wuce iyakar ragewar wutar da kuma tabbatar da dogon lokacin dogaro.
3.2 Rarraba Bakan Raɗi
Jadawalin fitarwa na bakan raɗi ya tabbatar da kololuwar fitarwa a 875nm tare da faɗin bakan raɗi na yau da kullun na 80nm. Wannan faɗin bakan raɗi yana tabbatar da kyakkyawar dacewa da na'urorin gano silicon, waɗanda ke da faɗin hankali na bakan raɗi a yankin infrared na kusa.
3.3 Kololuwar Tsawon Raɗin Fitarwa vs. Zazzabin Yanayi
Kololuwar tsawon raɗi tana nuna ɗan canji tare da zazzabi, halayen gama gari na LED na semiconductor. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da wannan canjin a aikace-aikacen da ke da mahimmanci ga tsawon raɗi, musamman a cikin cikakken kewayon zazzabin aiki na -40°C zuwa +85°C.
3.4 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Gaba
Wannan lanƙwasa IV tana nuna alaƙar ma'auni tsakanin ƙarfi da ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Ƙarfin gaba na yau da kullun yana da ƙasa (1.3V a 20mA), yana ba da gudummawa ga aiki mai inganci na makamashi. Lanƙwasa tana da mahimmanci don ƙirar daidaitaccen da'irar iyakance ƙarfi.
3.5 Ƙarfin Hasken Rana vs. Ƙarfin Gaba
Ƙarfin hasken rana yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin gaba amma yana nuna alaƙar ƙasa da layi a mafi girman ƙarfi saboda tasirin zafi da inganci. Jadawalin yana taimakawa wajen tantance mafi kyawun ƙarfin tuƙi don ƙarfin fitarwa da ake buƙata.
3.6 Dangantaccen Ƙarfin Hasken Rana vs. Matsakaicin Kusurwa
Wannan jadawalin polar yana ayyana tsarin fitarwa na sararin samaniya, wanda ke da halayen rabin kusurwa na digiri 30. Ƙarfin yana da mafi girma a 0° (a kan axis) kuma yana raguwa bisa ga aikin kamar cosine, wanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar tsarin gani don tabbatar da daidaitaccen daidaitawa da ƙarfin siginar.
4. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin
4.1 Girmamin Fakitin
SIR204C tana amfani da daidaitaccen fakitin zagaye na T-1 (3mm). Manyan girmomi sun haɗa da diamita na jiki na 3.0mm, matsakaicin tazarar jagora na 2.54mm, da tsayin gabaɗaya. Duk ƙayyadaddun girmomi suna ±0.25mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Ruwan tabarau yana da tsabta, yana ba da damar cikakken bakan infrared ya wuce ba tare da ɗaukar mahimmanci ba.
4.2 Gano Polarity
LED tana da gefe mai lebur a bakin ruwan tabarau na filastik, wanda yawanci yana nuna jagoran cathode (maras kyau). Jagoran mafi tsayi yawanci shine anode (mai kyau). Dole ne a kiyaye daidaitaccen polarity yayin haɗa da'ira don hana lalacewar juyawa.
5. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa
Ana iya amfani da solder na hannu ko solder na igiyar ruwa. Mafi girman zazzabin solder shine 260°C, kuma lokacin solder bai kamata ya wuce dakika 5 ba. Ana ba da shawarar a ajiye jikin LED aƙalla 1.5mm sama da saman PCB yayin solder na igiyar ruwa don rage matsin lamba na zafi akan fakitin epoxy. Ya kamata a adana na'urar a cikin yanayi mai bushewa, maras tashin hankali a zazzabi tsakanin -40°C da +100°C.
6. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda
6.1 Ƙayyadaddun Adadin Fakitin
Ana tattara LED ɗin a cikin jakunkuna da akwatuna: 200-1000 guda a kowace jaka, jakuna 5 a kowace akwati, da akwatuna 10 a kowace akwatin.
6.2 Ƙayyadaddun Siffar Alamar
Alamun samfurin sun haɗa da maɓalli masu gano: Lambar Samar da Abokin Ciniki (CPN), Lambar Samarwa (P/N), Adadin Fakitin (QTY), Matsayi (CAT), Kololuwar Tsawon Raɗi (HUE), Tunani (REF), da Lambar Rukuni (LOT No).
7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace
7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
- Tsarin Watsa Iska Kyauta:Na'urorin sarrafa nesa, hanyoyin haɗin bayanai na ɗan gajeren zango.
- Maɓallan Gani:Gano abu, gani matsayi, na'urorin gano rami.
- Na'urorin Gano Hayaki:Ana amfani da su a cikin ɗakunan gano hayaki na nau'in duhu.
- Tsarin Infrared Gabaɗaya:Masu haskakawa na hangen dare, tsarin tsaro.
- Na'urorin Faifan Floppy:Amfani na tarihi don gano waƙa-sifili.
7.2 Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Ƙira
- Iyakance Ƙarfi:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jerin ko direba mai ƙarfi don iyakance IFzuwa ƙimar da ake so, yawanci tsakanin 20mA da 100mA don ci gaba da aiki.
- Gudanar da Zafi:Duk da cewa ragewar wutar yana da ƙasa, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko dumama idan ana aiki kusa da iyakar ma'auni ko a manyan zafin yanayi.
- Ƙirar Gani:Yi la'akari da kusurwar dubawa na digiri 30 lokacin ƙirar ruwan tabarau, masu haskakawa, ko buɗaɗɗen buɗe ido don tattara ko daidaita hasken da aka fitar yadda ya kamata.
- Kariya daga Ƙarfin Juyawa:Ƙarancin ƙimar ƙarfin juyawa (5V) yana sa na'urar ta zama mai saukin lalacewa daga fitar da tashin hankali ko kuskuren polarity. Yi la'akari da ƙara diode na kariya a layi daya a cikin da'irori inda za a iya samun canjin ƙarfin juyawa.
8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
SIR204C ta bambanta kanta ta hanyar haɗuwarta da daidaitaccen fakitin 3mm, mafi girman ƙarfin hasken rana (har zuwa 6.4 mW/sr a 20mA), da ƙarancin ƙarfin gaba. Idan aka kwatanta da wasu tsofaffin LED na infrared, tana ba da ingantaccen dogaro da bin ka'idojin muhalli na zamani (RoHS, Marasa Halogen). Daidaitaccen jituwarta da na'urorin gano silicon fa'ida ce mafi mahimmanci akan LED masu tsayin raɗi daban-daban, yana haɓaka hankalin tsarin.
9. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)
9.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin ƙarfin gaba mai ci gaba da kololuwa?
Ƙarfin gaba mai ci gaba (100mA) shine mafi girman ƙarfin DC da za a iya amfani da shi har abada ba tare da haɗarin lalacewa ba. Kololuwar ƙarfin gaba (1A) ƙarfi ne mafi girma wanda za'a iya amfani da shi kawai don ƴan gajerun bugun jini (≤100μs) a ƙaramin tsarin aiki (≤1%). Wannan yana ba da damar ɓarkewar haske mai ƙarfi na ɗan gajeren lokaci don gani mai nisa ko dalilai na daidaitawa.
9.2 Ta yaya zazzabin yanayi ke shafar aiki?
Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin lanƙwasa halaye, ƙara zazzabi yana rage mafi girman ƙarfin ci gaba da aka halatta kuma yana iya haifar da ɗan canji a cikin kololuwar tsawon raɗi. Ƙarfin hasken rana kuma na iya raguwa a manyan zafin jiki. Ƙirar da aka yi niyya don aiki a iyakokin kewayon -40°C zuwa +85°C yakamata a rage ƙarfin aiki daidai.
9.3 Shin ana buƙatar dumama?
Don yawancin aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a ko ƙasa da 50mA ci gaba da ƙarfi, ba a buƙatar dumama na musamman idan PCB ta ba da ɗan yanki na tagulla don yada zafi. Don aiki a 100mA ci gaba da ƙarfi, musamman a manyan zafin yanayi, ana ba da shawarar ƙirar zafi a hankali don kiyaye zazzabin haɗin gwiwa a cikin iyakokin aminci.
10. Ƙirar Aiki da Yanayin Amfani
Harka: Na'urar Gano Kusanci Abubuwa
A cikin maɓallin gani na yau da kullun, ana haɗa SIR204C tare da phototransistor. Ana tuka LED tare da ƙarfin 20-50mA, sau da yawa ana daidaita shi a takamaiman mitar (misali, 38kHz) don ƙin tsangwama na hasken yanayi. Hasken infrared da aka fitar yana haskakawa daga wani abu na kusa kuma phototransistor yana gano shi. Kusurwar dubawa na digiri 30 na LED tana ba da daidaitaccen daidaito tsakanin kewayon ganowa da filin duba. Ƙarancin ƙarfin gaba yana ba da damar na'urar gano ta sami wutar lantarki yadda ya kamata daga wadataccen dabaru na 3.3V ko 5V tare da mai iyakance ƙarfi mai sauƙi. Dole ne masu ƙira su tabbatar da daidaitaccen daidaitawar injiniya na LED da na'urar gano kuma suna iya amfani da shinge don hana crosstalk na gani kai tsaye.
11. Ka'idar Aiki
Diode mai fitar da hasken Infrared (IR LED) diode ce na haɗin gwiwar p-n na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka nuna bambanci a gaba, electrons daga yankin n da ramuka daga yankin p ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, ana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Tsawon raɗi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor (Gallium Aluminum Arsenide - GaAlAs a wannan yanayin), wanda aka ƙera don samar da photons a cikin bakan infrared na kusa kusa da 875nm. Wannan tsawon raɗi ba a iya gani da idon ɗan adam amma na'urorin gano silicon suna gano shi yadda ya kamata.
12. Trends na Masana'antu da Ci Gaba
Trend a cikin LED na infrared yana ci gaba zuwa ga mafi inganci (ƙarin fitarwa na haske a kowace watt na lantarki), mafi girman yawan wutar lantarki don aikace-aikacen mai nisa kamar LiDAR da sa ido, da ƙananan girman fakitin don haɗawa cikin ƙananan na'urorin masu amfani. Hakanan ana mayar da hankali kan inganta saurin daidaitawa don sadarwar bayanai mai sauri (misali, IrDA, Li-Fi). Fakitin masu tsayin raɗi da yawa da masu fitarwa biyu suna zama ruwan dare gama gari don aikace-aikacen gani na ci gaba. Bin muhalli (RoHS, REACH, Marasa Halogen) yanzu buƙatu ne na yau da kullun a duk faɗin masana'antar. SIR204C tana wakiltar fasaha mai dogaro, balagagge wacce ta dace da aikace-aikacen masu hankali ga farashi, masu yawa waɗanda ke buƙatar ingantaccen aiki.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |