Takardun Bayani na Fasaha na LED Infrared 5mm IR8353-14C - Garkuwa 5mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 1.2V-1.8V - Tsawon Zango 940nm - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na diode mai fitar da infrared (IR) mai ƙarfi 5mm. Na'urar tana cikin garkuwar filastik mai tsabta, wanda ya sa ta dace da aikace-aikace daban-daban na hankali da watsa infrared. Fitowar bakan ta ta dace musamman don yin aiki yadda ya kamata tare da na'urori na gama-gari na phototransistor, photodiodes, da kuma na'urori masu karɓar infrared.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali

• Amincewa Mai Girma:An ƙera shi don aiki mai daidaito da aiki na dogon lokaci.
• Ƙarfin Haske Mai Girma:Yana ba da ƙarfin fitarwa na infrared don ingantaccen watsa siginar.
• Ƙarancin Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba:Yawanci 1.2V a 20mA, yana ba da gudummawar aiki mai inganci na makamashi.
• Daidaitawa da Muhalli:Samfurin ya bi ka'idojin RoHS, EU REACH, kuma ba shi da Halogen (Br < 900ppm, Cl < 900ppm, Br+Cl < 1500ppm).

1.2 Aikace-aikacen Da Ake Nufi

Wannan LED IR an yi niyya ne don amfani da shi a cikin tsarin infrared daban-daban, ciki har da amma ba'a iyakance ga na'urori masu sarrafa nesa, na'urori masu gano kusanci, gano abu, maɓalli na gani, da watsa bayanai a kan tazara.

2. Bincike na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a tabbatar da aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.

• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Gaba (I_F):100 mA
• Kololuwar Ƙarfin Gaba (I_FP):1.0 A (Faɗin bugun jini ≤100μs, Aiki ≤1%)
• Ƙarfin Wutar Baya (V_R):5 V
• Zafin Aiki (T_opr):-40°C zuwa +85°C
• Zafin Ajiya (T_stg):-40°C zuwa +100°C
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d):150 mW (a ko ƙasa da 25°C zafin iska kyauta)

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a zafin yanayi (T_a) na 25°C kuma suna ayyana yawan aikin na'urar.

• Ƙarfin Haske (I_e):7.8 - 17.6 mW/sr (a I_F=20mA, dangane da rukunin). Har zuwa 50 mW/sr yawanci a I_F=100mA.
• Kololuwar Tsawon Zango (λ_p):940 nm (a I_F=20mA).
• Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):45 nm (a I_F=20mA).
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (V_F):1.2V (Yawanci) / 1.5V (Matsakaici) a 20mA; 1.4V (Yawanci) / 1.8V (Matsakaici) a 100mA.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Baya (I_R):10 μA (Matsakaici) a V_R=5V.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):27° zuwa 43° (a I_F=20mA).

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Ƙarfin haske na wannan LED ana rarraba shi zuwa rukunoni daban-daban don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin ƙirar aikace-aikace. Ana ayyana rarrabawa a ƙarfin gaba na 20mA.

• Rukunin M:Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haske daga 7.80 mW/sr zuwa 12.50 mW/sr.
• Rukunin N:Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haske daga 11.0 mW/sr zuwa 17.6 mW/sr.

Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED tare da tabbataccen mafi ƙarancin fitarwa don takamaiman buƙatun hankali.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardun bayani ya haɗa da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa masu mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira da gudanar da zafi.

4.1 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Yanayin Yanayi

Wannan lanƙwasa rage ƙima yana nuna matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba mai yuwuwa a ci gaba a matsayin aikin zafin yanayi. Yayin da zafin jiki ya karu, dole ne a rage matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki don hana wuce iyakar rushewar wutar lantarki na na'urar da kuma tabbatar da amincin dogon lokaci. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi amfani da wannan lanƙwasa don zaɓar ƙarfin lantarki masu dacewa don yanayin zafi na aikace-aikacensu.

4.2 Ƙarfin Haske vs. Ƙarfin Gaba

Wannan jadawali yana kwatanta alaƙa tsakanin ƙarfin turawa da ƙarfin fitarwa na gani (ƙarfin haske). Fitarwa gabaɗaya yana da layi a cikin kewayon amma zai cika a cikin ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi sosai. Yana da mahimmanci don tantance ƙarfin turawa da ake buƙata don cimma ƙarfin siginar da ake so a mai karɓa.

4.3 Rarraba Bakan

Lanƙwasa bakan ya tabbatar da kololuwar fitarwa a 940nm tare da faɗin bakan na 45nm. Wannan tsayin zango yana da kyau kamar yadda yake a waje da bakan da ake iya gani, yana rage tsangwama na haske da ake iya gani, kuma ya dace da hankalin na'urorin gano haske na tushen silicon.

4.4 Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haske Dangane da Matsakaicin Karkacewa

Wannan makircin polar yana ayyana kusurwar dubawa (2θ_1/2), wanda shine kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimarsa a 0° (a kan axis). Ƙayyadaddun kewayon 27° zuwa 43° yana nuna faɗaɗɗen katako. Ƙunƙarar kusurwa tana ba da haske mai mai da hankali, yayin da faɗin kusurwa yana ba da ɗaukar hoto mai faɗi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Garkuwa

5.1 Girman Garkuwa

Na'urar tana cikin da'irar LED mai zagaye 5mm na yau da kullun. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da diamita gabaɗaya (5.0mm yawanci), tazarar jagora (2.54mm / 0.1 inci na yau da kullun), da nisa daga tushe zuwa kumfa na ruwan tabarau. Jagororin yawanci suna da diamita 0.45mm. Duk girma suna da iyakar ±0.25mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. An ba da cikakken zane mai girma don daidaitaccen shimfidar PCB.

5.2 Gano Ƙarfin Lantarki

Cathode (mummunan jagora) yawanci ana gano shi ta wurin fili a gefen ruwan tabarau na filastik da/ko ta hanyar zama ɗan gajeren jagora. Anode (ingantaccen jagora) ya fi tsayi. Dole ne a kiyaye daidaitaccen ƙarfin lantarki yayin haɗa da'ira.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Siffantar Igwa

• Dole ne a yi lanƙwasa aƙalla 3mm daga gindin kwalliyar epoxy.
• Dole ne a yi siffanta kafin solder kuma a zafin daki.
• Kauce wa damuwa ga garkuwa yayin lanƙwasa ko yanke.
• Ramin PCB dole ne ya yi daidai da jagororin LED don guje wa damuwa na hawa.

6.2 Yanayin Ajiya

• Ajiya da aka ba da shawarar: ≤30°C da ≤70% Zazzabin Yanayi.
• Rayuwar shiryayye bayan jigilar kaya shine watanni 3 a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan.
• Don ajiya mai tsayi (har zuwa shekara 1), yi amfani da akwati mai rufewa tare da nitrogen da desiccant.
• Kauce wa saurin canjin zafin jiki a cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano don hana hazo.

6.3 Ma'auni na Solder

Solder da Hannu:

• Zafin Ƙarshen Ƙarfe: 300°C Matsakaici. (30W Matsakaici.)
• Lokacin Solder: 3 seconds Matsakaici. kowace jagora.
• Mafi Ƙarancin Nisa daga haɗin solder zuwa kwalliyar epoxy: 3mm.

Solder Wave/DIP:

• Zafin Gaba: 100°C Matsakaici. (60 sec Matsakaici.)
• Zafin Wanka Solder: 260°C Matsakaici.
• Lokacin Wanka: 5 seconds Matsakaici.
• Mafi Ƙarancin Nisa daga haɗin solder zuwa kwalliyar epoxy: 3mm.

Mahimman Bayanin Kula:

• Kauce wa damuwa ga jagororin yayin da LED yake da zafi.
• Kada ku yi solder (nutsar da ko hannu) fiye da sau ɗaya.
• Kare LED daga girgiza/girgiza har sai ya yi sanyi zuwa zafin daki.
• Yi amfani da mafi ƙarancin zafin solder da ke cimma haɗin gwiwa mai aminci.

6.4 Tsaftacewa

• Idan ya cancanta, kawai a tsaftace tare da barasa isopropyl a zafin daki don ≤1 minti.
• Kada ku yi amfani da tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic sai dai idan an riga an cancanta, saboda zai iya haifar da lalacewa.

7. Gudanar da Zafi

Ingantaccen zubar da zafi yana da mahimmanci ga aikin LED da rayuwa. Dole ne a rage ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki bisa ga lanƙwasa "Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Yanayin Yanayi". Dole ne a sarrafa zafin da ke kewaye da LED a cikin aikace-aikacen ƙarshe. Wannan na iya haɗawa da yin amfani da yankin tagulla na PCB da ya dace don nutsewar zafi, tabbatar da isasshen iska, ko amfani da heatsinks idan ana turawa ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi a ci gaba.

8. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda

8.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tattarawa

• Ana tattara LED a cikin jakunkunan anti-static.
• Adadin Tattarawa:200-500 guda kowace jaka. Jakuna 5 kowace akwati na ciki. Akwatuna na ciki 10 kowace babban akwati (waje).

8.2 Bayanin Lakabi

Lakabin samfurin ya haɗa da maɓalli masu gano: Lambar Sashen Abokin Ciniki (CPN), Lambar Samfur (P/N), Adadin Tattarawa (QTY), Matsayin Ƙarfin Hasken (CAT), Matsayin Tsayin Zango (HUE), Matsayin Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (REF), Lambar Lot, da lambar kwanan wata.

9. Abubuwan Da Ake Yi La'akari Da Su A Ƙirar Aikace-aikace

9.1 Turawa LED

Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa na'ura. Ana iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Yi amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga takardun bayani don ƙira mai ra'ayin mazan jiya. Don aikin bugun jini (misali, masu sarrafa nesa), tabbatar da cewa ba a wuce iyakar kololuwar ƙarfin lantarki (I_FP) da iyakar aikin aiki don guje wa zafi mai yawa.

9.2 Ƙirar Haske

Yi la'akari da kusurwar dubawa lokacin ƙirar ruwan tabarau ko masu haskakawa don tsarin. Tsayin zango 940nm ba a iya gani, don haka LED mai nuna alama ko martanin da'ira na iya zama dole don tabbatar da aikin mai amfani. Tabbatar cewa mai karɓa (phototransistor, IC) ya dace da bakan zuwa 940nm don mafi kyawun hankali.

9.3 Kariya Daga Ƙarar Lantarki

A cikin yanayi masu ƙarar lantarki, yi la'akari da garkuwa LED/mai karɓa biyu, yin amfani da siginonin IR da aka daidaita (misali, 38kHz mai ɗaukar hoto) tare da mai karɓa mai daidaitawa, da aiwatar da tace software don ƙin hasken yanayi da ƙarar ƙararrawa.

10. Kwatancen Fasaha da Matsayi

Wannan LED IR 5mm, 940nm yana ba da daidaito na aiki da farashi don aikace-aikacen infrared na gabaɗaya. Mahimman bambance-bambancensa sune matsakaicin ƙarfin haske (har zuwa 17.6 mW/sr) daga garkuwa na yau da kullun 5mm da ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar gaba, wanda ke rage amfani da wutar lantarki. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LED 880nm ko 850nm, fitarwa na 940nm ba a iya gani sosai (babu jajayen haske mai rauni), yana sa ya fi dacewa da aikace-aikace masu hankali. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙunƙuntaccen kusurwar katako ko ƙarin ƙarfi, salon garkuwa madadin (misali, duban gefe, SMD mai ƙarfi) zai fi dacewa.

11. Tambayoyin Da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQ)

11.1 Menene Bambanci Tsakanin Rukunin M da Rukunin N?

Rukunin M da Rukunin N suna rarraba LED bisa ga mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin haske da aka tabbatar a 20mA. LED na Rukunin N suna da mafi girman fitarwa (11.0 mW/sr) idan aka kwatanta da Rukunin M (7.8 mW/sr). Zaɓi Rukunin N don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarfin siginar ko tazara mai tsayi.

11.2 Zan iya Turawa Wannan LED a 100mA A Ci Gaba?

Ee, matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar ƙarfin gaba a ci gaba shine 100mA. Koyaya, dole ne ku koma ga lanƙwasa rage ƙima. A zafin yanayi na 25°C, 100mA yana halatta, amma yayin da zafin yanayi ya tashi, matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai yuwuwa a ci gaba yana raguwa don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa a cikin iyakoki masu aminci. Isasshen nutsewar zafi yana da mahimmanci don ci gaba da aikin ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi.

11.3 Me Yasa Mafi Ƙarancin Nisan Solder (3mm) Yake Da Muhimmanci?

Nisan 3mm yana hana zafi mai yawa daga tafiya a kan jagora da lalata die na semiconductor na ciki ko kuma rufewar epoxy yayin aikin solder. Zafi mai yawa zai iya haifar da fashewa, rabuwa, ko lalacewar lantarki na dindindin.

12. Misalin Amfani da Ƙira

Yanayi: Mai Gano Kusancin Abu Mai Sauƙi.

Ƙira:Sanya LED IR da phototransistor a gefe ɗaya, suna fuskantar hanya ɗaya. Turawa LED tare da ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun 20mA (ta amfani da resistor daga wadata 5V: R = (5V - 1.5V) / 0.02A = 175Ω, yi amfani da ƙimar da'irar 180Ω). Lokacin da wani abu ya zo cikin kewayon, hasken infrared yana haskakawa daga abu kuma ya shiga cikin phototransistor, yana haifar da ƙarfin tattarawa ya karu. Ana iya canza wannan canjin ƙarfin lantarki zuwa ƙarfin wutar lantarki ta hanyar resistor mai ja da kuma shigar da shi cikin mai kwatanta ko microcontroller ADC don gano kasancewar abu. Tsayin zango 940nm yana taimakawa wajen ƙin hasken yanayi da ake iya gani. Zaɓin tsakanin Rukunin M ko N ya dogara da nisan hankali da ake buƙata da kuma haske na abu.

13. Ka'idar Aiki

Diode Mai Fitowa da Hasken Infrared (IR LED) shine diode na haɗin gwiwar semiconductor p-n. Lokacin da aka yi bambanci gaba (ingantaccen ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi ga anode dangane da cathode), electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su (Gallium Aluminum Arsenide - GaAlAs a wannan yanayin) suna ƙayyade tsayin zango na hasken da aka fitar. Ga GaAlAs, wannan yana haifar da radiation na infrared da ke kewaye da nanomita 940, wanda ke waje da bakan da ake iya gani. Ruwan tabarau mai tsabta ba ya tace ko launi hasken, yana ba da mafi girman watsa fitarwa na infrared.

14. Trends na Fasaha

Yayin da LED na hanyar rami 5mm ke ci gaba da zama sananne don ƙirar ƙira, ayyukan masu sha'awar, da wasu aikace-aikacen masana'antu, yanayin masana'antu yana ƙarfi zuwa garkuwar na'urar hawa saman (SMD). SMD IR LED suna ba da fa'idodi kamar ƙaramin ƙafar ƙafa, mafi dacewa don haɗawa ta atomatik da kuma sau da yawa ingantaccen aikin zafi saboda hawa kai tsaye akan PCB. Har ila yau, ana ci gaba da ci gaba don haɓaka inganci (ƙarin fitarwa mai haske a kowace wutar lantarki) da amincin masu fitar da IR. Koyaya, ka'idar aiki ta asali da ma'auni masu mahimmanci kamar tsayin zango, ƙarfi, da kusurwar dubawa sun kasance mahimman sharuɗɗan zaɓi don kowane aikace-aikacen IR.