IR LED 5.0mm IR533C Datasheet - 5mm Package - 940nm Peak Wavelength - 100mA Forward Current - English Technical Document

1. Bayanin Samfur

IR533C shine infrared diode ne yana a cikin daidaitaccen fakitin robobi shuɗi na 5.0mm (T-1 3/4). An tsara shi don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ingantaccen da ƙarfin fitar da infrared a cikin bakan 940nm. Na'urar tana daidaitacce ta bakan tare da na'urori na gama-gari na silicon phototransistors, photodiodes, da kuma infrared receiver modules, wanda ya sa ta zama tushe mai kyau na tsarin gani na rufaffiyar madauki.

Muhimmin matsayi na wannan ɓangaren yana cikin aikace-aikacen da ke da inganci a farashi, masu yawan amfani, inda daidaitaccen fitar da infrared da daidaitaccen fakitin suka fi muhimmanci. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da babban amincin aiki, fitar da ƙarfin haske mai mahimmanci, da kuma halayen ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, wanda ke taimakawa cikin ingantaccen sarrafa wutar lantarki na tsarin.

Kasuwar da aka yi niyya ta ƙunshi na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, firikwensin masana'antu, da kayan aikin aminci. Ya dace musamman ga masu ƙira na na'urorin sarrafa infrared na nesa, hanyoyin haɗin bayanai na sararin samaniya, tsarin gano hayaki, da sauran tsarin aikace-aikacen da suka dogara da infrared.

2. Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha Mai zurfi

2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

These ratings define the stress limits beyond which permanent damage to the device may occur. Operation under or at these limits is not guaranteed.

• Continuous Forward Current (IF): 100 mA. This is the maximum DC current that can be passed through the LED indefinitely at an ambient temperature of 25°C.
• Peak Forward Current (IFP): 1.0 A. Wannan babban yanayin na halitta yana da izini kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da faɗin bugun jini ≤100μs da cikakken aiki ≤1%. Wannan ƙimar tana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ɗan gajeren lokaci, ƙarfin haske na IR.
• Juyin Voltage (VR): 5 V. Wuce wannan juyin ƙarfin lantarki na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Ragewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd): 150 mW a ko ƙasa da 25°C yanayin iska kyauta. Wannan ma'auni, haɗe da juriyar zafi, yana ƙayyadad da iyakar ikon da aka yarda a ƙarƙashin ci gaba da aiki.
• Yankunan Zafin Jiki: Na'urar tana da ƙimar aiki daga -40°C zuwa +85°C kuma ana iya adana ta daga -40°C zuwa +100°C.
• Zafin Solder (Tsol): 260°C for a duration not exceeding 5 seconds, compliant with typical lead-free reflow profiles.

2.2 Electro-Optical Characteristics

These parameters are measured at a standard ambient temperature of 25°C and define the device's performance under specified conditions.

• Radiant Intensity (Ie): This is the primary measure of optical output power per solid angle (steradian).
  • At a standard drive current of 20mA DC, the typical radiant intensity is 7.8 mW/sr, with a minimum of 4.0 mW/sr.
  • Under pulsed operation at 100mA (≤100μs, ≤1% duty), the output increases significantly.
  • A cikin mafi girman ƙarfin bugun jini na 1A, yawan hasken haske ya kai 350 mW/sr, yana nuna iyawarsa don fitar da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ɗan gajeren lokaci.
• Peak Wavelength (λp): 940 nm (typical). Wannan tsayin raƙuman ruwa yana da kyau saboda yana cikin taga babban watsawa don yawancin robobi da gilashi kuma yana dacewa da mafi girman hankali na na'urorin gano silicon, yayin da ba a iya ganinsa da idon ɗan adam.
• Spectral Bandwidth (Δλ): Kusan 45 nm (typical). Wannan yana bayyana faɗin hasken da aka fitar a rabin mafi girman ƙarfinsa (FWHM).
• Forward Voltage (VF): Maɓalli mai mahimmanci don ƙira da'ira.
  • A 20mA, VF yawanci 1.5V ne tare da matsakaicin 1.5V.
  • A 100mA pulsed, yana tashi zuwa na yau da kullun 1.4V (matsakaicin 1.85V).
  • A 1A pulsed, na yau da kullun VF shine 2.6V (matsakaicin 4.0V), yana nuna ƙaruwar faɗuwar ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa a babban igiyoyin ruwa.
• Kallon Kwanar (2θ1/2): Digiri 25 (na yau da kullun). Wannan shine cikakken kwanar wanda ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimarsa a digiri 0 (a kan-axis). Kwanar digiri 25 tana ba da katako mai matsakaicin mayar da hankali.
• Koma baya na yanzu (IR): Matsakaicin 10 μA a VR=5V, yana nuna ingantaccen ingancin haɗin gwiwa.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

The datasheet includes a binning table for Radiant Intensity at IF=20mA. Binning is a quality control process where LEDs are sorted (binned) based on measured performance parameters after manufacture.

Radiant Intensity Binning: LEDs are categorized into bins (K, L, M, N, P) based on their measured radiant intensity. For example, bin 'K' includes LEDs with intensity between 4.0 and 6.4 mW/sr, while bin 'P' includes those between 15.0 and 24.0 mW/sr. This allows designers to select parts with guaranteed minimum (and maximum) output levels for their application, ensuring consistency in system performance, especially in multi-LED arrays or sensitive receiver systems. The specific bin for a given lot is indicated on the packaging label.

4. Performance Curve Analysis

The datasheet provides several characteristic curves that illustrate performance trends beyond the single-point data in the tables.

• Forward Current vs. Ambient Temperature (Fig.1): Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna yadda matsakaicin halaccin ci gaba na yanzu ke raguwa yayin da yanayin yanayi ya karu sama da 25°C. Don hana zafi sosai, dole ne a rage yanzun tuƙi a yanayin zafi mafi girma.
• Rarraba Spectral (Hoto.2): Zane mai nuna ƙarfin dangi a kan tsawon raƙuman ruwa, yana tabbatar da gani cikin gani ga kololuwar 940nm da kuma faɗin band na ~45nm.
• Kololuwar Watsawar Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa vs. Yanayin Yanayi (Hoto.3): Yana kwatanta canjin kololuwar tsawon raƙuman ruwa (yawanci ƙara kaɗan) yayin da zafin haɗin ke canzawa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke da matattarar tacewa mai tsauri.
• Ci Gaba na Yanzu vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Ci Gaba (Lanƙwan IV) (Hoto.4): Yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta layi tsakanin yanzu da ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Lanƙwasa ta zama mai tsayi a yanzu mafi girma saboda juriya na jerin a cikin semiconductor da fakitin.
• Ƙarfin Dangi vs. Ci Gaba na Yanzu (Hoto.5): Yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta layi ba tsakanin kwararar wutar lantarki da fitar da haske. Ingantacciyar (fitowar haske a kowace raka'a na wutar lantarki) sau da yawa tana raguwa a cikin manyan igiyoyin ruwa.
• Dangantaccen Ƙarfin Radiant vs. Matsakaicin Karkatacciyar hanya (Hoto na 6): Wannan shine tsarin radiation na sararin samaniya, wanda ke bayyana kusurwar kallon digiri 25 a hoto. Yana nuna yadda ƙarfin yana raguwa yayin da kuke tashi daga tsakiyar axis.
• Dangantaccen Ƙarfi vs. Yanayin Yanayi (Hoto na 7): Yana nuna raguwar fitar da haske yayin da yanayin yanayi (don haka mahadar) ya tashi, wani abu da aka sani da kashe zafi.
• Gaba Voltage vs. Yanayin Yanayi (Hoto na 8): Yana nuna yadda faɗuwar wutar lantarki ta gaba ke raguwa tare da haɓakar zafin jiki, wanda shine halayen mahadar semiconductor.

5. Mechanical and Package Information

5.1 Package Dimensions

IR533C yana amfani da daidaitaccen masana'antu na 5.0mm (T-1 3/4) radial leaded package. Muhimman bayanai masu girma daga zanen sun haɗa da:

• Gabaɗayan diamita: 5.0mm (na al'ada).
• Tazarar gubar: 2.54mm (0.1 inches), mai dacewa da daidaitattun allunan ramuka da soket.
• Jikin kunshin an yi shi da filastik mai launin shuɗi, wanda ya zama al'ada ga infrared LEDs don nuna aiki kuma yana iya ba da tacewa.
• Ruwan tabarau yana da tsabta.
• The chip material is Gallium Aluminum Arsenide (GaAlAs).
• All dimensional tolerances are ±0.25mm unless otherwise specified.

5.2 Polarity Identification

Like most radial LEDs, one lead is longer than the other. The longer lead is the anode (positive, A+), and the shorter lead is the cathode (negative, K-). The package may also have a flat spot on the rim near the cathode lead. Correct polarity is essential for operation.

6. Soldering and Assembly Guidelines

• Hand Soldering: Yi amfani da ƙarfe mai sarrafa zafin jiki. Iyakance lokacin gini a kowace jagora zuwa matsakaicin dakika 3-5 a zafin da bai wuce 350°C ba don hana lalacewar fakitin filastik da haɗin wayoyi na ciki.
• Ginin Taguwar Ruwa: Yana yiwuwa amma yana buƙatar kulawa mai kyau na bayanan zafin jiki na preheat da taguwar gini don tsayawa cikin iyakar 260°C na dakika 5.
• Tsaftacewa: Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan gini, yi amfani da kaushi masu dacewa waɗanda suka dace da kayan fakitin filastik shuɗi. Guji tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic wacce za ta iya lalata tsarin mutuwa na ciki.
• Lanƙwasa Jagorori: Idan ana buƙatar ƙirƙirar jagora, lanƙwasa jagororin a wani wuri da bai kusa da jikin fakitin fiye da 3mm ba don guje wa damuwa akan hatimi. Yi amfani da kayan aiki masu dacewa don guje wa yanke ko lalata jagororin.
• Yanayin Ajiya: Store in a dry, anti-static environment at temperatures between -40°C and +100°C. Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) is not explicitly stated but treating it as MSL 2A or better (floor life >1 year) is typical for this package type.

7. Packaging and Ordering Information

• Ƙayyadaddun Kunshin: Ana sanya LEDs a cikin jakunkuna da ke ɗauke da guda 200 zuwa 500. Ana sanya jakunkuna biyar a cikin akwati ɗaya, kuma akwatuna goma sun zama katun jigilar kaya ɗaya.
• Bayanin Lakabi: Lakabin kunshin ya haɗa da mahimman bayanai don bin sawu da ganewa:
  • CPN (Lambar Sashen Abokin Ciniki): Kamar yadda mai siye ya sanya.
  • P/N (Lambar Samarwa): Lambar sashen masana'anta (IR533C).
  • QTY (Packing Quantity): Adadin guda a cikin jakar/akwatin.
  • CAT (Ranks): Lambar kwandon aikin (misali, M don ƙarfin haske).
  • HUE: Kwandon tsayin tsayin kololuwa.
  • LOT No: Lambar rukunin samarwa ta musamman don bin diddigin.

8. Application Recommendations

8.1 Typical Application Circuits

Da'irar Tuƙi na Asali: Mafi sauƙin da'ira ya ƙunshi resistor mai iyakancewar halin yanzu da aka haɗa zuwa wutar lantarki. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor (R) ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vcc - VF) / IF, inda Vcc shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki, VF shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED a cikin halin yanzu da ake so IF, kuma IF shine manufar halin yanzu na gaba (misali, 20mA). Koyaushe tabbatar da ƙimar wutar resistor ya isa (P = IF² * R).

Aiki mai ƙarfi don Ƙarfi mai Girma: Don aikace-aikace kamar sarrafa nesa mai nisa, yi amfani da ƙimar ƙarfi. Ana iya amfani da transistor (BJT ko MOSFET) don sauya babban halin yanzu mai ƙarfi (har zuwa 1A) daga capacitor ko babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Dole ne a ƙididdige resistor na jeri bisa ga ƙarfin ƙarfi na VF da kuma halin yanzu da ake so na bugun jini. Tabbatar cewa an bi ƙa'idodin faɗin bugun jini da aikin aiki (≤100μs, ≤1%) sosai.

8.2 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da Zane

• Sanyaya Zafi: Yayin da fakitin yana da iyakacin ikon sanyaya zafi, don ci gaba da aiki kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu (100mA), yi la'akari da yanayin yanayi kuma samar da isasshen iska. Dole ne a bi madaidaicin lanƙwasa (Fig.1).
• Optical Design: The 25-degree view angle provides natural focusing. For narrower beams, external lenses or reflectors can be used. For wider coverage, multiple LEDs or diffusers may be necessary.
• Receiver Matching: Ensure the receiver (phototransistor, photodiode, or IC) is sensitive in the 940nm region. Using a matching IR filter on the receiver can greatly improve signal-to-noise ratio by blocking ambient visible light.
• Electrical Noise: In sensitive analog sensing applications, drive the LED with a constant current source rather than a simple resistor for more stable output. For digital pulsed systems, ensure fast rise/fall times of the drive signal.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

The IR533C positions itself within the broad 5mm IR LED market through specific characteristics:

• Babban Ƙarfin Haskakawa: Yawanci 7.8 mW/sr a 20mA da ikon samar da fitarwa mai ƙarfi sosai (350 mW/sr a 1A) sun sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar tazara mai tsayi ko ƙarfin siginar da ya fi daidaitattun LED na IR masu ƙarancin wutar lantarki.
• Tsawon Zango na 940nm: Wannan shine mafi yawan tsawon zango na IR kuma mafi dacewa. Yana ba da ma'auni mai kyau tsakanin hankalin na'urar gano silicon, samuwar matatun da suka dace, da kuma amincin ido idan aka kwatanta da gajerun tsayin zango na kusa-IR.
• Kunshin Daidaitacce: Tsarin girma na 5mm da ake samu ko'ina yana tabbatar da sauƙin haɗawa cikin ƙirar da ke akwai, allunan ƙira, da yankewar panel na daidaitacce.
• Ƙarancin Ƙarfin Gaba: A typical VF of 1.5V at 20mA allows efficient operation from low-voltage logic supplies (3.3V, 5V) with minimal voltage drop across the current-limiting resistor, leaving more headroom for stable operation.
• Compliance: Stated compliance with RoHS (Pb-Free), EU REACH, and Halogen-Free standards addresses modern environmental and regulatory requirements for electronic components.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q1: Can I drive this LED continuously at 100mA?
A1: The Absolute Maximum Rating for continuous forward current is 100mA at Ta=25°C. However, you must consult the derating curve (Fig.1). At elevated ambient temperatures, the maximum allowable continuous current decreases significantly to prevent exceeding the maximum junction temperature and the 150mW power dissipation limit. For reliable long-term operation, designing for a lower current (e.g., 50-75mA) is often advisable.

Q2: What is the difference between Radiant Intensity (mW/sr) and Radiant Power (mW)?
A2: Radiant Intensity is the optical power emitted per unit solid angle (steradian). Radiant Power (or Flux) is the total optical power emitted in all directions. To estimate total power, you would need to integrate the intensity over the entire spatial emission pattern (Fig.6). For a 25-degree view angle LED, the total power is significantly less than the on-axis intensity value multiplied by 4π steradians.

Q3: Yaya za a zaɓi madaidaicin resistor mai iyakancewar halin yanzu?
A3: Yi amfani da dabara R = (Vs - VF) / IF. Yi amfani da *matsakaicin* VF daga takardar bayanan don zaɓaɓɓen IF ɗinku don tabbatar da isasshen raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan resistor a kowane yanayi, hana wuce gona da iri. Misali, don wadata na 5V da manufa 20mA: R = (5V - 1.5V) / 0.02A = 175 Ohms. Yi amfani da ƙimar da ta biyo baya (180 Ohms). Ƙarfin a cikin resistor: P = (0.02A)² * 180Ω = 0.072W, don haka resistor 1/8W ko 1/4W yana da aminci.

Q4: Me ya sa ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ya yi ƙasa a 100mA pulsed fiye da 20mA DC a cikin tebur?
A4: Wannan ya bayyana a matsayin rashin daidaituwa a cikin bayanan da aka bayar (Typ. 1.4V a 100mA pulsed vs. 1.5V a 20mA). A zahiri, VF ya kamata ya ƙaru tare da halin yanzu saboda juriya na jerin gwano. Ma'aunin pulsed a 100mA na iya samun ƙaramin hawan yanayin junction fiye da ma'aunin DC a 20mA, wanda zai iya ɗan shafar VF. Koyaushe kuyi zane ta amfani da *matsakaicin* ƙayyadaddun VF don yanayin aikin ku don kasancewa cikin aminci.

11. Misalan Zane da Amfani na Aiki

Misali na 1: Mai Watsa Sarrafa Nesa na Infrared Mai Nisa.
Manufa: Cimma kewayon mita 30 a cikin yanayin cikin gida.
Zane: Yi amfani da aikin pulsed a matsakaicin ƙima. Ku tuka IR533C tare da bugun jini na 1A na faɗin 50μs a cikin zagayowar aiki 1/40 (misali, 50μs a kunne, 1950μs a kashe, ya cika ≤100μs, ≤1% spec). Da'ira mai sauƙi tana amfani da filin GPIO microcontroller don tuka tushen transistor NPN (misali, 2N2222) ta hanyar ƙaramin resistor na tushe. Mai tattara transistor an haɗa shi da anode LED, kuma cathode LED an haɗa shi da ƙasa ta hanyar resistor mai ƙayyadaddun halin yanzu ƙasa da aka ƙididdige don 1A. An kuma haɗa anode LED zuwa capacitor da aka caje (misali, 100μF) kusa da LED don samar da babban kololuwar halin yanzu. Wannan saitin yana amfani da babban ƙarfin haske mai bugun jini (350 mW/sr typ.) don matsakaicin kewayon.

Misal 2: Na'urar Gano Kusa ko Abu.
Manufa: Gano abu a cikin 10cm.
Zane: Yi amfani da aiki mai ci gaba a matsakaicin halin yanzu (misali, 50mA) don kwanciyar hankali fitarwa. Haɗa IR533C tare da daidaitaccen silicon phototransistor da aka sanya 'yan santimita nesa. Daidaita halin yanzu tuƙi na LED a takamaiman mitar (misali, 38kHz) ta amfani da microcontroller. Da'irar mai karɓa ta haɗa da tace bandpass wanda aka kunna zuwa 38kHz. Wannan dabarar tana sa tsarin ya kauce wa canje-canjen hasken muhalli (hasken rana, fitulun ɗaki). Tsawon raƙuman 940nm yana rage tsangwama na haske mai iya gani. Ƙarancin VF yana ba da damar tsarin yin aiki daga wadata microcontroller na 3.3V.

12. Operating Principle

Infrared Light Emitting Diode (IR LED) diode ne na semiconductor p-n junction. Lokacin da aka nuna son zuciya (ingantaccen ƙarfin lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi zuwa gefen p dangane da n-gefe), electrons daga yankin n ana allurar su a kan haɗin gwiwa zuwa yankin p, da ramuka daga yankin p ana allurar su zuwa cikin yankin n. Waɗannan ƙananan masu ɗaukar kayayyaki (electrons a cikin yankin p, ramuka a cikin yankin n) suna haɗuwa tare da mafi yawan masu ɗaukar kayayyaki. A cikin semiconductor kai tsaye bandgap kamar Gallium Aluminum Arsenide (GaAlAs), wani muhimmin sashi na wannan taron haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Tsawon raƙuman ruwa (launi) na fitaccen haske an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap (Eg) na kayan semiconductor, bisa ga lissafi λ ≈ 1240 / Eg (tare da Eg a cikin electron-volts da λ a cikin nanometers). Don GaAlAs da aka kunna don fitarwa na 940nm, bandgap yana kusan 1.32 eV. Takamaiman doping da tsarin Layer na guntu an ƙera su don haɓaka ingancin wannan tsarin haɗuwa mai haske a cikin bakan infrared.

13. Technology Trends

Fasaha ta asali a bayan na'urori kamar IR533C ta girma. Koyaya, trends a cikin faffadan kasuwar IR LED suna tasiri aikace-aikacensu da mahallin ci gaba:

• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki da Ingantacciyar Aiki: Binciken kimiyyar kayan aiki na ci gaba yana nufin inganta ingancin lantarki na bango (ƙarfin haske mai fitarwa / ƙarfin lantarki mai shiga) na IR LEDs, wanda ke ba da damar fitarwa mai haske ko ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki. Wannan yana faruwa ne ta hanyar aikace-aikace a cikin na'urori na lokacin tashi (ToF), LiDAR, da gane fuska.
• Ƙananan Girma: Yayin da 5mm ke ci gaba da zama sananne don ƙirar rami ta hanyar rami, kayan aikin da aka haɗa a saman (SMD) (misali, 0805, 1206, da ƙananan fakitin) suna zama mafi rinjaye don haɗawa ta atomatik da ƙira masu ƙarancin sarari kamar wayoyin hannu da na'urorin sawa.
• Maganin Haɗin Kai: Akwai yanayin haɗa IR LED tare da IC mai tuƙi, na'urar gano haske, kuma wani lokacin ma microcontroller a cikin na'ura ɗaya. Waɗannan na'urori na "haɗakar na'ura" suna sauƙaƙa ƙira don masu amfani a ƙarshe a aikace-aikace kamar sarrafa motsi ko gane kasancewa.
• Bambancin Tsawon Zango: Yayin da 940nm ya zama ma'auni, sauran tsayin zango kamar 850nm (wanda galibi ake gani a matsayin haske mai ja mai laushi) ana amfani da su inda wasu gani suka yarda kuma hankalin na'urar gano silicon ya fi ɗan girma. Tsayin zango mai tsayi (1050nm, 1300nm, 1550nm) ana amfani da su don aikace-aikace na musamman kamar LiDAR mai lafiya ga ido da sadarwar gani.
• Fadada Aikace-aikace: Ci gaban Internet na Abubuwa (IoT), sarrafa gida mai hankali, sa ido a kan direbobin motoci, da tsaro na halayen jiki suna ci gaba da ƙirƙirar sabbin aikace-aikace don amintattun masu fitar da infrared masu arha kamar IR533C.