Takardar Bayani na Fasaha na LED Infrared IR333-A - Girman 5.0mm - Tsawon Zango 940nm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 1.5V

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

IR333-A wata diode ce mai fitar da hasken infrared (IR) mai ƙarfi, wacce aka sanya a cikin akwati na yau da kullun na filastik shuɗi mai girman 5.0mm (T-1 3/4). Wannan na'urar an ƙera ta don fitar da haske a tsayin zango (λp) na nanomita 940, wanda ya dace da na'urorin gano haske na silicon kamar phototransistor, photodiode, da na'urorin karɓar infrared. Babban aikinta shine zama amintaccen tushen hasken infrared a cikin tsarin gani da watsawa daban-daban.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

IR333-A tana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci da suka sa ta dace da aikace-aikacen masana'antu da na mabukaci. Tana da babban ƙarfin haske, yana tabbatar da ingantaccen watsa siginar. Tana aiki tare da ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki, yana ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen amfani da makamashi. An ƙera na'urar ne da la'akari da bin ka'idojin muhalli, ba ta da gubar, tana bin ka'idojin EU REACH, kuma ta cika ka'idojin rashin halogen (Br < 900ppm, Cl < 900ppm, Br+Cl < 1500ppm). Tsakanin igiyoyinta na 2.54mm ya sa ta dace da sandunan burodi da PCBs na yau da kullun. Kasuwannin da ake nufi sun haɗa da sarrafa kai ta masana'antu, na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci, tsarin tsaro, da hanyoyin sadarwa na bayanai inda ake buƙatar ingantaccen siginar infrared.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bayani, fassarar haƙiƙa game da halayen lantarki, na gani, da na zafi da aka ƙayyade a cikin takardar bayani.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a nufin su don aiki na yau da kullun ba.

• Ci gaba da Halin Gaba (IF):100 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin DC da za a iya amfani da shi akai-akai ba tare da lalata aikin LED ko tsawon rayuwarta ba.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba (IFP):1.0 A. Wannan babban halin yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da faɗin bugun jini ≤ 100μs da cikakken aiki ≤ 1%. Wannan yana ba da damar ɗimbin haske mai ƙarfi, amma na ɗan lokaci, mai amfani ga wasu ka'idojin gani ko sadarwa.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da za a iya amfani da shi a cikin hanyar baya a kan LED. Wuce wannan na iya haifar da rushewa.
• Zafin Aiki (Topr):-40°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon zafin yanayin da aka tabbatar cewa na'urar za ta yi aiki bisa ga ƙayyadaddun bayananta.
• Zafin Ajiya (Tstg):-40°C zuwa +100°C. Kewayon zafin jiki don adana na'urar lokacin da ba a aiki ba.
• Zafin Solder (Tsol):260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10. Wannan yana ayyana iyakokin bayanin solder na sake kunnawa don hana lalata akwati.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):150 mW a ko ƙasa da zafin iska 25°C. Wannan shine matsakaicin wutar lantarki da akwati zai iya watsawa azaman zafi.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki-Gani

Waɗannan sigogi, waɗanda aka auna a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na Ta=25°C, suna ayyana aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun.

• Ƙarfin Haske (Ie):Wannan shine ƙarfin haske da ake fitarwa a kowace raka'a mai ƙarfi (steradian). A daidaitaccen halin tuƙi na 20mA, ƙimar al'ada ita ce 20 mW/sr, tare da mafi ƙarancin 7.8 mW/sr da matsakaicin 48 mW/sr. A ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (100mA, aiki ≤1%), ƙarfin al'ada yana tashi zuwa 85 mW/sr, kuma a matsakaicin halin bugun jini na 1A, zai iya kaiwa 750 mW/sr. Wannan yana nuna ikon na'urar don aikace-aikacen fitarwa mai girma lokacin da aka tuƙa ta da bugun jini.
• Tsawon Zango (λp):940 nm (al'ada). Wannan shine tsayin zango wanda LED ke fitar da mafi yawan ƙarfin haske. Ya dace da amfani da na'urorin gano silicon, waɗanda ke da kyakkyawan hankali a yankin infrared na kusa.
• Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):45 nm (al'ada). Wannan yana nuna kewayon tsayin zango da ake fitarwa, wanda ya ta'allaka a kusa da kololuwa. Ƙunƙuntaccen faɗin bandeji na iya zama da amfani don tace hayaniyar hasken yanayi.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (VF):A 20mA, matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba shine 1.5V (mafi ƙanƙanta 1.2V, matsakaicin ba a ƙayyade ba don 20mA a cikin tebur, amma ana nufin sa ta wasu sharuɗɗa). Wannan ƙaramin ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, kamar yadda aka nuna ta 1.4V (typ) a 100mA bugun jini da 2.6V (typ) a 1A bugun jini.
• Halin Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 10 μA a VR=5V. Wannan shine ƙaramin halin ɗigon da ke gudana lokacin da aka sanya na'urar a baya.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Digiri 20 (al'ada). Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar sa mafi girma (a kan-axis). Kusurwar digiri 20 tana nuna hasken da aka mayar da hankali sosai, mai amfani ga aikace-aikacen gani da aka nufa.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba

Takardar bayani ta haɗa da teburin rarraba don Ƙarfin Haske, wanda ake yi akai-akai don rarraba LEDs bisa ga aikin da aka auna.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Haske

Ana rarraba LEDs zuwa "kwantena" ko matsayi daban-daban (M, N, P, Q, R) bisa ga ƙarfin hasken da aka auna a IF=20mA. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa tare da tabbataccen mafi ƙarancin matakin aiki don aikace-aikacensu. Misali, zaɓin ɓangaren "Q" yana tabbatar da ƙarfin haske tsakanin 21.0 da 34.0 mW/sr. Wannan tsarin yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin ayyukan samarwa. Takardar bayani ba ta nuna rarraba don tsayin zango ko ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba don wannan takamaiman lambar sashi ba, yana nuna tsauraran kulawa ko ƙayyadaddun bayani ɗaya don waɗannan sigogi.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Lanƙwasan halaye na yau da kullun suna ba da haske mai mahimmanci game da yadda LED ke nuna hali a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Duk da yake ba a ba da takamaiman bayanan hoto a cikin rubutun ba, lanƙwasan da aka ambata yana ba da damar yin binciken mai zuwa.

4.1 Halin Gaba vs. Zafin Yanayi (Hoto 1)

Wannan lanƙwasa zai nuna rage matsakaicin halin gaba da aka halatta yayin da zafin yanayi ke ƙaruwa. Don hana yin zafi da kuma tabbatar da amincin, dole ne a rage ci gaba da halin gaba lokacin aiki sama da 25°C. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 150mW shine abin da ke iyakancewa.

4.2 Rarraba Bakan (Hoto 2)

Wannan makircin yana nuna ƙarfin haske na dangi a matsayin aikin tsayin zango. Zai nuna lanƙwasa mai siffar kararrawa wanda ya ta'allaka a 940 nm tare da faɗin bakan na 45 nm. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen fahimtar tsabtar hasken infrared da kuma dacewarsa da amsawar bakan na mai gano.

4.3 Tsayin Zango na Fitowa vs. Zazzabi (Hoto 3)

Tsayin zango na LED yana da ƙimar zafin jiki, yawanci yana matsawa zuwa tsayin zango mafi tsayi (canjin ja) yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. Wannan lanƙwasa yana ƙididdige wannan canjin don IR333-A, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen daidaitawar tsayin zango.

4.4 Halin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa IV) (Hoto 4)

Wannan lanƙwasa na asali yana nuna alaƙar ƙima tsakanin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi a kan LED da sakamakon halin yanzu. Yana da mahimmanci don ƙira da'irar tuƙi mai iyakance halin yanzu. Lanƙwasa zai nuna matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na "gwiwa" (kusan 1.2-1.5V) da yadda ƙarfin wutar lantarki ke tashi tare da ƙara halin yanzu.

4.5 Ƙarfin Haske vs. Halin Gaba (Hoto 5)

Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna alaƙar ƙasa-layin tsakanin halin tuƙi da fitar haske. Duk da yake ƙarfin yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, inganci (fitowar haske a kowace raka'a na shigar da lantarki) yawanci yana raguwa a manyan halayen yanzu saboda ƙara samar da zafi. Bayanan daga tebur (20mA -> 20 mW/sr typ, 100mA bugun jini -> 85 mW/sr typ) suna nuna wannan alaƙar.

4.6 Ƙarfin Haske na Dangi vs. Matsawar Kusurwa (Hoto 6)

Wannan shine tsarin radiation na sararin samaniya na LED. Yana zana ƙarfin da aka daidaita a matsayin aikin kusurwar daga tsakiyar axis. Don LED 5mm tare da ruwan tabarau na dome, wannan tsarin yawanci shine Lambertian ko kusa da Lambertian. Ƙayyadaddun kusurwar kallo na digiri 20 (2θ1/2) shine mahimmin bayanin bayani daga wannan lanƙwasa, yana ayyana faɗin hasken.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Akwati

5.1 Girman Akwati

IR333-A tana amfani da daidaitaccen akwatin T-1 3/4 (diamita 5.0mm) na masana'antu. Tsakanin igiya shine 2.54mm (inci 0.1), wanda shine daidaitaccen mataki don abubuwan da ke ratsa ramuka akan allunan da'ira da aka buga. Kayan akwati filastik ne shuɗi, wanda zai iya zama tace haske mai iya gani zuwa wani matsayi, yana taimakawa wajen toshe hasken yanayi mai iya gani daga isa ga guntu, wanda zai iya haifar da tsangwama a cikin da'irar gano. Cathode yawanci ana gane shi ta wurin fili a gefen akwati da/ko gajeriyar igiya. Dole ne masu ƙira su tuntubi cikakken zanen akwati (wanda aka nuna ta sashin "Girman Akwati") don daidaitattun girma da ƙimar (±0.25mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade in ba haka ba).

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Matsakaicin ƙimar matsakaicin zafin solder shine 260°C na tsawon lokacin da bai wuce dakika 10 ba. Wannan shine ƙimar al'ada don hanyoyin solder na sake kunnawa marasa gubar. Don solder na hannu, yakamata a yi amfani da ƙarfe mai sarrafa zafin jiki, kuma a rage lokacin tuntuɓar don hana lalacewar zafi ga akwatin filastik da igiyoyin ciki. Yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD (Fitar da Wutar Lantarki) yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa, saboda LEDs na'urori ne masu hankali na semiconductor. Ajiya ya kamata ya kasance a cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon zafin jiki na -40°C zuwa +100°C a cikin yanayi mai bushewa.

7. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda

Daidaitaccen ƙayyadaddun tattarawa shine kamar haka: Ana tattara guda 200 zuwa 500 a cikin jakar ɗaya. Sannan ana sanya jakunkuna biyar a cikin akwati ɗaya. A ƙarshe, ana tattara akwatuna goma a cikin babban akwatin kwali ɗaya. Alamar da ke kan marufi ta haɗa da mahimman bayanai don gano asali da ganewa: Lambar Samar da Abokin Ciniki (CPN), Lambar Samarwa (P/N), Adadin Tattarawa (QTY), Matsayi (CAT, yana nufin kwantenar ƙarfi), Tsayin Zango (HUE), lambar tunani, da Lambar Rukunin (LOT No) wanda ya haɗa da lambar wata na samarwa.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

• Tsarin Watsa Iska Kyauta:Ana amfani da shi a cikin na'urorin sarrafa nesa, hanyoyin haɗin kai na ɗan gajeren zango, ko na'urorin gano kusanci inda ake watsa siginar infrared ta cikin iska.
• Maɓallan Lantarki-Gani & Gano Abu:Haɗe tare da phototransistor ko photodiode don ƙirƙirar na'urar gano karya don ƙidaya, gano matsayi, ko maɓallan iyaka.
• Floppy Disk Drive:A da ana amfani da shi don gano kasancewar shafin kariya ko faifai a wurin.
• Na'urorin Gano Hayaki:Ana amfani da su a cikin na'urorin gano hayaki irin na ɓoyewa, inda barbashi na hayaki ke watsa hasken infrared tsakanin LED da mai gano.
• Tsarin Aikace-aikacen Infrared na Gabaɗaya:Duk wani tsarin da aka saka da ke buƙatar amintaccen, daidaitaccen, ko ci gaba da tushen hasken IR.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Ƙira

• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:LED na'ura ce da ake tuƙa ta halin yanzu. Dole ne a yi amfani da resistor na jeri ko da'irar tuƙi mai ci gaba da halin yanzu don iyakance halin gaba zuwa ƙimar aminci (misali, 20mA don ci gaba da aiki). Ana iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vsupply - VF) / IF.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Duk da yake ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa, yin aiki a manyan yanayin zafi ko kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu zai haifar da zafi. Tabbatar da isasshen iska ko rage halin aiki kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin lanƙwasa rage ƙima.
• Daidaituwar Gani:Don matsakaicin ƙarfin siginar a cikin tsarin mai fitarwa-mai gano da aka haɗa, daidaitaccen daidaitawar injiniya yana da mahimmanci, musamman tare da kusurwar kallo na digiri 20.
• Ƙin Hasken Yanayi:A cikin yanayi mai ƙarfin IR na yanayi (misali, hasken rana), daidaita siginar tuƙi na LED da amfani da da'irar mai gano da aka daidaita zuwa wannan mitar daidaitawa na iya inganta ƙimar siginar zuwa hayaniya sosai.
• Kariya daga Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya:Ko da yake na'urar za ta iya jurewa har zuwa 5V a baya, yana da kyau a guje wa sanya baya. A cikin AC ko da'irori biyu, diode na kariya a layi daya (cathode zuwa anode) na iya zama dole.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambanci

Idan aka kwatanta da na'urorin LED na IR 5mm na gabaɗaya, abubuwan da suka bambanta na IR333-A sune ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin haske mai ƙarfi (har zuwa 48 mW/sr min don kwantenar R) da cikakken bin ka'idojin muhalli (RoHS, REACH, Ba Halogen). Cikakken tsarin rarraba yana ba da tabbatattun matakan aiki, wanda ke da mahimmanci don daidaiton ƙira a cikin samar da yawa. Tsayin zango na 940nm yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan kuma mai fa'ida, yana ba da daidaitaccen ma'auni tsakanin hankalin mai gano da ƙarancin sha a cikin yanayi idan aka kwatanta da tsayin zango mafi tsayi. Ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba zai iya haifar da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki a cikin na'urorin da ake amfani da baturi idan aka kwatanta da LEDs masu babban Vf.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Bisa ga Sigogi na Fasaha)

1. Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga filin microcontroller na 5V?A: A'a. Filin microcontroller yawanci ba zai iya samar da 20mA cikin aminci ba, kuma mafi mahimmanci, babu iyakance halin yanzu. Dole ne ka yi amfani da transistor azaman maɓalli da resistor na jeri don iyakance halin yanzu zuwa ƙimar da ake so (misali, 20mA). Ƙididdige resistor kamar R = (5V - 1.5V) / 0.02A = 175Ω. Yi amfani da ƙimar daidaitaccen da ke kusa (misali, 180Ω).
2. Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin aiki na ci gaba da bugun jini?A: Aiki na ci gaba (DC) yana haifar da zafi akai-akai. Aikin bugun jini (tare da ƙaramin cikakken aiki) yana ba da damar babban halin yanzu na nan take (har zuwa 1A) saboda LED tana da lokacin sanyaya tsakanin bugun jini, yana hana yawan zafi. Wannan yana haifar da fitowar haske mafi girma.
3. Q: Ta yaya zan gano cathode?A: Don wannan akwati, nemo wuri mai faɗi a gefen filastik na LED. Igiya mafi kusa da wannan fili ita ce cathode. Bugu da ƙari, igiyar cathode sau da yawa tana da guntu fiye da igiyar anode.
4. Q: Shin ana buƙatar ma'aunin zafi?A: Don ci gaba da aiki a 20mA (kusan 30mW na ƙarfin wutar lantarki), gabaɗaya ba a buƙatar ma'aunin zafi. Idan ana aiki kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu (100mA DC) ko a cikin manyan yanayin zafi, yi la'akari da rage ƙimar zafi kuma mai yiwuwa a samar da wasu sanyaya matakin allon.
5. Q: Me ya sa akwatin yake shuɗi?A: Filastik shuɗi yana aiki azaman tacewa wanda ke toshe wasu hasken da ake iya gani, yana sa akwatin ya zama duhu. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen rage yawan hasken yanayi mai iya gani da zai iya shiga cikin akwati kuma ya isa ga guntun da ke fitar da IR, wanda in ba haka ba zai iya haifar da tsangwama a cikin da'irar gano.

11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Ƙirƙirar Na'urar Gano Abu Mai Sauƙi:Aikace-aikace na yau da kullun shine na'urar gano karya. Sanya IR333-A a gefe ɗaya kuma phototransistor (misali, an daidaita shi zuwa 940nm) a ɗayan, an daidaita su akan axis ɗaya. Tuƙi LED tare da resistor 180Ω daga wadataccen 5V, yana haifar da kusan 20mA na halin yanzu. Lokacin da wani abu ya wuce tsakanin su, yana katse hasken infrared. Resistance na mai tara-mai fitarwa na phototransistor zai canza sosai. Ana iya canza wannan canjin zuwa siginar ƙarfin wutar lantarki ta amfani da resistor na ja sama kuma a ciyar da shi cikin mai kwatanta ko filin ADC na microcontroller don gano kasancewar abu. Don yaƙar hasken yanayi, zaku iya buga LED a takamaiman mitar (misali, 1kHz) kuma ku yi amfani da tace bandeji ko gano aiki tare a cikin da'irar mai karɓa.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Diode Mai Fitowar Haske na Infrared (IR LED) diode ce na semiconductor p-n junction. Lokacin da aka sanya ta gaba (ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai kyau da aka yi amfani da shi ga anode dangane da cathode), electrons daga yankin n-nau'i da ramuka daga yankin p-nau'i ana shigar da su cikin yankin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi. A cikin IR LED, ana sakin wannan makamashi da farko a cikin nau'in photons (barbashi na haske) a cikin bakan infrared. Takamaiman tsayin zango (940nm a wannan yanayin) an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su (Gallium Aluminum Arsenide - GaAlAs, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Jagoran Zaɓin Na'ura). Akwatin filastik yana rufe guntu, yana ba da kariya ta injiniya, kuma ya haɗa da ruwan tabarau wanda ke siffanta hasken da aka fitar zuwa ƙayyadadden tsarin kusurwar kallo.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Fasahar LED na Infrared tana ci gaba da haɓakawa. Trends na gabaɗaya a cikin masana'antu sun haɗa da haɓaka na'urori tare da mafi girman ƙarfin haske da ingancin toshe-bango (ƙarfin haske fitowa / wutar lantarki a ciki). Hakanan ana ƙoƙarin ƙananan ƙira, tare da akwatunan na'urar da aka sanya a saman (SMD) suna zama mafi yawa fiye da akwatunan da ke ratsa ramuka kamar T-1 3/4 don aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari. Bukatar takamaiman, ƙunƙuntaccen bandeji na tsayin zango yana girma don aikace-aikace na musamman kamar gano iskar gas ko saka idanu na likitanci. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin kai shine babban al'ada, tare da haɗin gwiwar mai fitarwa-mai gano a cikin akwati ɗaya ko LEDs tare da tuƙi da aka gina a ciki suna samuwa don sauƙaƙe ƙirar da'ira da rage sawun ƙafa.