IR333C 5mm Infrared LED Datasheet - 5mm T-1 Package - 940nm Peak Wavelength - 1.5V Forward Voltage - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

IR333C wata diode ce mai fitar da hasken infrared mai ƙarfi, wadda aka sanya a cikin akwati na al'ada na 5mm (T-1) na filastik mai tsabta kamar ruwa. An ƙera ta don fitar da haske a mafi girman tsawon raƙuman ruwa na 940nm, wanda yake da kyau don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar hanyoyin haske da ba a iya gani ba. Na'urar tana daidaitaccen tsarin haske tare da na'urori na gama-gari na phototransistor na silicon, photodiodes, da kuma na'urori masu karɓar infrared, yana tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki a cikin tsarin watsa sigina.

Babban fa'idodin wannan ɓangaren sun haɗa da babban amincinsa, babban ƙarfin haske da yake fitarwa, da kuma ƙarancin buƙatun ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Tazarar jagora na 2.54mm yana sa ya dace da allunan gwaji na al'ada da PCBs. Hakanan ana kera shi azaman samfuri mara gubar kuma ya bi ka'idojin RoHS, yana bin ka'idojin muhalli na zamani.

1.1 Siffofi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Siffofin farko waɗanda ke bayyana IR333C sune halayensa na gani da na lantarki waɗanda aka keɓance don aikace-aikacen infrared. Babban ƙarfinsa na haske, wanda ya kai kololuwa a 940nm, yana sa ya zama mai inganci sosai don sadarwar gani ta sararin samaniya. Ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana rage amfani da wutar lantarki, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga na'urori masu amfani da baturi.

Aikace-aikacen da ake nufi sun bambanta kuma sun haɗa da:

• Tsarin Watsawa ta Iska Kyauta:Ana amfani da shi don hanyoyin haɗin bayanai na mara waya na ɗan gajeren zango.
• Na'urorin Sarrafa Nesa na Infrared:Musamman waɗanda ke da buƙatun wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi don tsawon zango ko aiki ta hanyar cikas.
• Na'urorin Gano Hayaki:Ana amfani da su a cikin ƙirar ɗakin gani don gano ɓangarorin hayaki.
• Tsarin Aikace-aikacen Infrared na Gabaɗaya:Wannan ya haɗa da gano abu, gano kusanci, da kuma sarrafa masana'antu.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Fahimtar cikakkiyar ƙayyadaddun bayanan na'urar yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen ƙirar da'ira da haɗin tsarin.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna bayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Kada a taɓa wuce su, ko da na ɗan lokaci.

• Ci gaba da Halin Gaba (I_F):100 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin DC da za a iya wucewa ta cikin LED har abada a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayi.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba (I_FP):1.0 A. Wannan babban halin yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (Fadin bugun jini ≤ 100μs, Tsarin Aiki ≤ 1%). Wannan yana da amfani don samun ingantaccen fitarwa na haske na nan take.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5 V. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki da za a iya amfani da shi a cikin hanyar baya. Wuce wannan zai iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d):150 mW a ko ƙasa da 25°C. Wannan ƙimar tana la'akari da faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da kuma halin yanzu. Yin aiki sama da wannan iyaka zai haifar da zafi mai yawa da lalata aiki ko haifar da gazawa.
• Yanayin Zafin Jiki:Yanayin aiki da adanawa an ƙayyade daga -40°C zuwa +85°C, yana nuna dacewa don yanayin masana'antu da na motoci.
• Zafin Solder (T_sol):260°C na matsakaicin dakika 5. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don hanyoyin solder na igiyar ruwa ko sake karkatarwa don hana lalacewar fakitin.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki-Gani

Waɗannan sigogi ana auna su a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C) kuma suna bayyana aikin na'urar.

• Ƙarfin Haske (E_e):Wannan shine ƙarfin haske da ake fitarwa a kowane sashin kusurwa mai ƙarfi (mW/sr). Ƙimar al'ada ita ce 15 mW/sr a I_F=20mA. A ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini na I_F=100mA, yana tashi zuwa 60 mW/sr, kuma a I_F=1A, ya kai 450 mW/sr. Wannan yana nuna babban ribar fitarwa lokacin amfani da tuƙi mai bugun jini.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa (λ_p):940 nm (al'ada). Wannan yana cikin kusancin bakan infrared, wanda idon ɗan adam ba zai iya gani ba amma ana iya gano shi da kyau ta hanyar na'urori masu auna silicon.
• Faɗin Bakan Raƙuman Ruwa (Δλ):45 nm (al'ada). Wannan yana bayyana kewayon tsawon raƙuman ruwa da ake fitarwa, wanda ya ta'allaka a kusa da kololuwa. Ƙunƙuntaccen faɗin faɗin zai iya zama da amfani don tace hayaniyar hasken muhalli.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):Yawanci 1.5V a I_F=20mA, tare da matsakaicin 1.85V a I_F=100mA (bugun jini). Ƙananan V_Ffa'ida ce mai mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira mai ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki.
• Halin Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 μA a V_R=5V. Wannan halin yanzu na ɓarna yana da ƙasa sosai.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 20 (al'ada). Wannan ƙunƙuntacciyar kusurwar katako tana tattara ƙarfin haske zuwa cikin katako mai jagora, yana ƙara ingantaccen kewayon don aikace-aikace kamar sarrafa nesa.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba

Ana rarraba IR333C zuwa kwandon daban-daban dangane da ƙarfinsa na haske a daidaitaccen halin gwaji na 20mA. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar ɓangarorin tare da tabbataccen mafi ƙarancin matakan aiki don aikace-aikacensu.

Tsarin rarraba kamar haka ne:

• Kwandon M:Ƙarfin Haske tsakanin 7.8 mW/sr (Min) da 12.5 mW/sr (Max).
• Kwandon N:Ƙarfin Haske tsakanin 11.0 mW/sr (Min) da 17.6 mW/sr (Max).
• Kwandon P:Ƙarfin Haske tsakanin 15.0 mW/sr (Min) da 24.0 mW/sr (Max).
• Kwandon Q:Ƙarfin Haske tsakanin 21.0 mW/sr (Min) da 34.0 mW/sr (Max).

Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen haske ko tsawon zango, ana ba da shawarar ƙayyade babban kwandon (misali, P ko Q). Alamar samfurin ta haɗa da filin \"CAT\" don nuna matsayi.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardun bayanan yana ba da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke kwatanta yadda sigogi ke canzawa tare da yanayin aiki.

4.1 Halin Gaba da Yanayin Yanayi (Hoto na 1 & 8)

Waɗannan lanƙwasa suna nuna alaƙa tsakanin matsakaicin halin gaba da aka yarda da shi da zafin yanayi. Yayin da zafin jiki ya karu, matsakaicin halin ci gaba da aka yarda da shi yana raguwa a layi daya. Wannan ya faru ne saboda raguwar ikon watsar da wutar lantarki a yanayin zafi mai girma. Dole ne masu ƙira su rage ƙimar halin yanzu na aiki dangane da tsammanin matsakaicin zafin yanayi don tabbatar da aminci.

4.2 Rarraba Bakan Raƙuman Ruwa (Hoto na 2)

Wannan jadawalin yana jera ƙarfin dangi da tsawon raƙuman ruwa. Yana tabbatar da fitarwa mafi girma a 940nm kuma yana nuna siffa da faɗi (kimanin 45nm) na bakan fitarwa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar masu tacewa na gani masu dacewa a cikin mai karɓa.

4.3 Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa da Zafin Jiki (Hoto na 3)

Matsakaicin tsawon raƙuman ruwa na fitarwa yana da ɗan ƙaramin ƙima na zafin jiki, yawanci yana matsawa zuwa tsayin raƙuman ruwa (ja canzawa) yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya karu. Wannan canjin yawanci ƙanƙane ne ga LED na infrared amma ya kamata a yi la'akari da shi a cikin aikace-aikacen auna daidai.

4.4 Halin Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Hoto na 4)

Wannan shine daidaitaccen lanƙwasa I-V na diode. Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni. Lanƙwasa yana ba masu ƙira damar ƙayyade faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki don wani halin tuƙi da aka ba da shi, wanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙididdige ƙimar resistor na jerin ko buƙatun da'irar direba.

4.5 Ƙarfin Dangi da Halin Gaba (Hoto na 5)

Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna cewa fitarwa mai haske yana kusan layi daya tare da halin gaba a cikin yanayin aiki na al'ada. Duk da haka, a manyan halaye masu yawa, inganci na iya raguwa saboda dumama da sauran tasiri.

4.6 Ƙarfin Haske na Dangi da Matsawar Kusurwa (Hoto na 6)

Wannan jadawalin polar yana bayyana kusurwar dubawa ta gani. Ƙarfin yana mafi girma a digiri 0 (a kan-axis) kuma yana raguwa yayin da kusurwa ta karu, yana kai rabin matsakaicin ƙimarsa a kusan ±10 digiri (don haka cikakkiyar kusurwar dubawa na digiri 20).

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

Na'urar tana amfani da daidaitaccen fakitin 5mm T-1 na masana'antu. Tazarar jagora shine 2.54mm (0.1 inci), wanda shine daidaitaccen matakin allunan ƙirar ƙira da yawa da shimfidar PCB. An ƙera fakitin daga filastik mai tsabta kamar ruwa, wanda ke bayyana ga hasken infrared na 940nm, yana rage asarar gani. Ana gano cathode ta hanyar filaye a gefen ruwan tabarau na filastik da/ko gajeren jagora. Cikakken zanen injiniya a cikin takardun bayanan yana ba da duk mahimman girma tare da jurewa, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar sawun PCB da tabbatar da dacewa a cikin gidaje ko ruwan tabarau.

6. Jagororin Solder da Taro

Don hana lalacewa yayin haɗawa, dole ne a bi ƙayyadaddun yanayin solder. Matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar zafin solder shine 260°C, kuma lokacin solder bai kamata ya wuce dakika 5 ba. Wannan ya shafi duka hanyoyin solder na hannu da na igiyar ruwa. Don sake karkatar da solder, ana buƙatar bayanin martaba wanda ya kai kololuwa a ko ƙasa da 260°C. Tsawaita bayyanawa ga babban zafin jiki na iya fashe fakitin epoxy ko lalata haɗin waya na ciki. Hakanan ana ba da shawarar adana ɓangarorin a cikin yanayi mai bushewa don hana shan danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da \"popcorning\" yayin sake karkatarwa.

7. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda

Daidaitaccen fakitin na IR333C kamar haka ne: Ana tattara guda 500 a cikin jakar ɗaya, ana sanya jakuna 5 a cikin akwati ɗaya, kuma akwatuna 10 sun zama kwalta ɗaya. Wannan ya kai guda 25,000 a kowace kwalta. Alamar samfurin ta ƙunshi filaye masu mahimmanci da yawa don gano asali da ganewa: CPN (Lambar Bangaren Abokin Ciniki), P/N (Lambar Bangaren Masana'anta), QTY (Yawa), CAT (Matsayi/Matsayi na Ƙarfi), HUE (Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa), REF (Tunani), da LOT No (Lambar Lot).

8. Shawarwari na Ƙirar Aikace-aikace

8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Mafi yawan da'irar tuƙi shine resistor na jerin mai sauƙi. Ƙimar resistor (R_s) ana ƙididdige shi ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_s= (V_supply- V_F) / I_F. Misali, don tuƙi LED a 20mA daga wadataccen 5V tare da V na al'ada_Fna 1.5V: R_s= (5V - 1.5V) / 0.02A = 175Ω. Dangantaccen resistor na 180Ω zai dace. Don aikin bugun jini a manyan halaye (misali, 1A), ana buƙatar transistor ko MOSFET mai canzawa, wanda galibi microcontroller ke tuƙa shi.

8.2 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da Ƙira

• Gudanar da Zafi:Duk da cewa fakitin yana da ƙanƙanta, a manyan halaye masu ci gaba, watsar da wutar lantarki (P_d= V_F* I_F) na iya kusanci iyakar 150mW. Tabbatar da isasshen iska ko kuma yi la'akari da amfani da tuƙi mai bugun jini don rage matsakaicin wutar lantarki.
• Ƙirar Gani:Kusurwar dubawa na digiri 20 yana ba da katako mai mai da hankali. Don faɗaɗa ɗaukar hoto, ana iya buƙatar ruwan tabarau mai watsawa. Akasin haka, don aikace-aikacen dogon zango, ana iya amfani da ruwan tabarau na haɗin gwiwa na biyu don ƙunƙunta katako ƙarin.
• Daidaitawar Mai Karɓa:Koyaushe haɗa IR333C tare da mai karɓa (phototransistor, photodiode, ko IC) wanda ke da hankali a yankin 940nm. Yin amfani da tacewa na gani wanda ke toshe hasken da ake iya gani zai iya inganta ƙimar sigina zuwa hayaniya a cikin hasken muhalli.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LED masu gani ko wasu LED na infrared, manyan bambance-bambancen IR333C sune haɗin gwiwar ƙarfin fitarwa mai ƙarfi (450 mW/sr a 1A), ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, da kuma ƙunƙuntacciyar kusurwar katako na digiri 20. Wasu na'urorin masu fafatawa na iya ba da faɗin kusurwar dubawa don faɗaɗa ɗaukar hoto amma a farashin ƙarfin axis. Tsawon raƙuman ruwa na 940nm yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan kuma mai inganci, tare da ingantaccen watsa yanayi da zaɓuɓɓukan mai karɓa masu yawa, idan aka kwatanta da, misali, LED na 850nm waɗanda ke da ɗan haske ja.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙi wannan LED kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller?

A: Don ci gaba da aiki a 20mA, duba ko fil ɗin GPIO na microcontroller ɗin ku zai iya samar ko nutse wannan halin yanzu. Yawancin suna iya sarrafa 10-25mA kawai. Yana da aminci sau da yawa don amfani da transistor azaman maɓalli.

Q: Me yasa ƙarfin haske ya fi girma sosai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini?

A> Bugun halin yanzu yana ba ku damar tuƙi LED a cikin halaye da suka wuce ƙimar DC ba tare da dumama haɗin gwiwa ba. Fitar haske shine aikin halin yanzu na nan take, don haka gajerun bugun jini masu ƙarfi suna haifar da walƙiya masu haske sosai.

Q: Ta yaya zan gano cathode?

A: Nemi gefen filaye akan ruwan tabarau na filastik mai zagaye. Jagoran da ke kusa da wannan filaye shine cathode. Hakanan, jagoran cathode yawanci ya fi gajeren jagoran anode.

Q: Shin LED infrared irin wannan yana da lafiya ga idanu?

A> Duk da cewa ba a iya gani ba, har yanzu ana iya mayar da hankali ga radiation infrared ta hanyar ruwan tabarau na ido akan retina. Don aikace-aikace masu ƙarfin wutar lantarki, musamman tare da ruwan tabarau, yana da kyau a guji dubawa kai tsaye. Yawancin sarrafa nesa na mabukaci suna amfani da matsakaicin wutar lantarki kaɗan kuma ana ɗaukar su masu aminci ga ido.

11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Sarrafa Nesa na Infrared na Dogon Zango don Mai Buɗe Ƙofar.

Mai ƙira yana buƙatar nesa mai tsawon mita 50 a cikin hasken rana. Sun zaɓi IR333C a cikin Kwandon Q don matsakaicin ƙarfi. Da'irar tana amfani da microcontroller don samar da siginar ɗaukar hoto na 38kHz, wanda aka daidaita girman sa tare da lambar bayanai. Ana amfani da transistor NPN don buga LED a 1A tare da ƙaramin tsarin aiki (misali, 1%). An ƙara ruwan tabarau na filastik mai sauƙi a gaban LED don haɗa katako kaɗan. A gefen mai karɓa, ana amfani da daidaitaccen na'urar karɓar IR na 38kHz tare da tacewa na 940nm. Wannan ƙirar tana amfani da babban fitarwa mai bugun jini na LED da ƙunƙuntaccen katako don cimma tsayin da ake buƙata yayin kiyaye ƙarancin matsakaicin amfani da wutar lantarki don dogon rayuwar baturi.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Infrared Light Emitting Diode (IR LED) diode ne na semiconductor p-n junction. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, electrons daga yankin n da ramuka daga yankin p ana allurar su a kan haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi. A cikin IR LED, an zaɓi kayan semiconductor (GaAlAs don IR333C) ta yadda wannan makamashin ya saki da farko a matsayin photons a cikin ɓangaren infrared na bakan electromagnetic (kusan 940nm). Fakitin epoxy mai tsabta kamar ruwa yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau, yana siffanta hasken da aka fitar zuwa tsarin katako na halayensa.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Trend a cikin LED na infrared yana ci gaba zuwa ga inganci mafi girma (ƙarin fitarwa mai haske a kowace watt na lantarki) da mafi girman yawan wutar lantarki. Wannan yana ba da damar dogon rayuwar baturi da tsayin aiki a cikin na'urorin hannu. Hakanan akwai ci gaba a cikin hanyoyin IR masu yawan raƙuman ruwa da masu daidaitawa don aikace-aikacen auna na ci gaba kamar nazarin iskar gas da ma'aunin bakan raƙuman ruwa. Haɗa da'irar direban LED har ma da firikwensin cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi wani sabon salo ne na gama-gari, yana sauƙaƙa ƙira don masu amfani na ƙarshe. Tushen tuƙi don RoHS da ka'idojin kera kore sun kasance masu ƙarfi a duk faɗin masana'antu.