LTP-1457AKD LED Dot Matrix Display Datasheet - 1.2 inch (30.42mm) Tsayi - AlInGaP Hyper Red - 5x7 Array - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTP-1457AKD na'urar nuni ce ta lamba ɗaya, mai nuna haruffa da lambobi, wacce aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar fitar da haruffa masu bayyanawa, masu dogaro. Babban aikinta shi ne wakiltar bayanai ta hanyar gani, galibi haruffa ko lambobi masu lamba ASCII ko EBCDIC, ta hanyar grid na diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs) waɗanda za'a iya sarrafa su daban-daban.

Na'urar an gina ta ne a kan tsari na ginshiƙai 5 da layuka 7 (5x7) na guntu na LED na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) Hyper Red. Wannan kayan semiconductor an girma ne akan wani substrate na Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) wanda ba ya bayyana, wanda ke taimakawa wajen aikin gani. Bayyanar gani tana da fuskar fuska mai launin toka tare da fararen ɗigo, yana ba da bambanci mai girma ga abubuwan jajayen da aka haskaka. Babban manufar ƙira na wannan ɓangaren shine ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, dogaro mai ƙarfi, da kuma faɗin kusurwar kallo da aka samu ta hanyar gini mai jirgin sama ɗaya. An rarrabe shi bisa ga ƙarfin haske, yana ba da damar daidaita haske a cikin aikace-aikacen lambobi da yawa, kuma yana da yuwuwar haɗawa a kwance don samar da nunin haruffa da yawa.

2. Zurfin Binciken Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan sigogi suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba.

• Matsakaicin Ragewar Wutar Lantarki kowane ɗigo:40 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin wutar lantarki mai ci gaba da kowane ɓangaren LED zai iya ɗauka ba tare da yin zafi sosai ba.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba kowane ɗigo:90 mA. Wannan yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin aiki na 1/10 da faɗin bugun jini na 0.1 ms don guje wa damuwar zafi.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba kowane ɗigo:15 mA a 25°C. Wannan halin yanzu yana raguwa a layi sama da 25°C a ƙimar 0.2 mA/°C. Misali, a 85°C, matsakaicin matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka yarda zai kasance kusan: 15 mA - ((85°C - 25°C) * 0.2 mA/°C) = 3 mA.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya kowane ɗigo:5 V. Wucewa wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin karkatar da baya na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ma'ajiyar Zafin Jiki:-35°C zuwa +85°C.
• Zafin Solder:Yana jurewa 260°C na matsakaicin tsawon dakika 3, wanda aka auna 1.6mm (1/16 inch) a ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na fakiti.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki & Na Gani

Waɗannan su ne sigogin aikin da aka garantinta a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji a zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C.

• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):Ya bambanta daga 800 μcd (ƙarami) zuwa 2600 μcd (na al'ada), an gwada shi a matsakaicin halin yanzu (I_p) na 32 mA tare da aikin aiki na 1/16. Ana auna ƙarfin ta amfani da tacewa wanda ke kusantar da madaidaicin madaidaicin amsawar ido na ɗan adam (CIE).
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_p):Yawanci 650 nm lokacin da aka tuƙa shi a halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 20 mA. Wannan shine tsawon zango wanda ƙarfin wutar gani ya fi girma.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):Yawanci 20 nm (I_F=20mA). Wannan yana nuna yaduwar tsawon zangon hasken da aka fitar a kusa da kololuwa.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):Yawanci 639 nm (I_F=20mA). Wannan shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya wanda idon ɗan adam ya gane, wanda zai iya bambanta kaɗan daga tsawon zango mafi girma.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba kowane ɗigo (V_F):Ya bambanta daga 2.1V zuwa 2.8V dangane da halin yanzu. A I_F=20mA: 2.1V (ƙarami), 2.6V (na al'ada). A I_F=80mA: 2.3V (ƙarami), 2.8V (na al'ada).
• Halin Baya kowane ɗigo (I_R):Matsakaicin 100 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (V_R) na 5V.
• Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V-m):Matsakaicin 2:1. Wannan yana ƙayyadad da cewa bambancin haske tsakanin kowane ɗigo biyu (ko sassa) akan na'urar ɗaya a ƙarƙashin yanayin tuƙi ɗaya ba zai wuce sau biyu ba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Takardar bayanan tana nuna cewa an "Rarraba don Ƙarfin Hasken." Wannan yana nuna tsarin binning ko rarrabuwa bayan kera. Saboda bambance-bambancen da ke cikin girma na semiconductor epitaxial da sarrafa guntu, LEDs daga rukunin samarwa ɗaya na iya samun ɗan bambance-bambancen fitarwa na gani. Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin aikace-aikace, musamman a cikin nunin lambobi da yawa inda daidaiton haske ke da mahimmanci, ana gwada sassan da aka kera kuma a raba su zuwa "kwantena" daban-daban dangane da ƙarfin hasken da aka auna. Masu ƙira za su iya ƙayyadad da lambar kwanti a lokacin yin oda don tabbatar da cewa duk sassan da ke cikin tarin su suna cikin ƙayyadadden kewayon haske, tare da hana wasu haruffa su bayyana duhu ko haske fiye da wasu. Duk da yake wannan takardar bayanan ba ta lissafa takamaiman lambobin kwanti ko kewayon ƙarfi ba, aikin ya zama ma'auni don tabbatar da ingancin gani.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Shafi na ƙarshe na takardar bayanan an keɓe shi ne don "Yanayin Lantarki / Halayen Gani na Al'ada." Waɗannan jadawali suna da matuƙar mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar fiye da ƙayyadaddun sigogi na maki ɗaya da aka jera a cikin tebur. Duk da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani game da takamaiman lanƙwasa a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, yawan zane-zane don irin wannan na'urar zai haɗa da:

• Halin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V):Yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta dace ba tsakanin halin yanzu da ƙarfin lantarki a kan haɗin LED. Yana taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'irar iyakance halin yanzu.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Halin Gaba:Yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, yawanci a cikin yanayin ƙasa-layi a manyan halayen yanzu saboda dumama da raguwar inganci.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi:Yana kwatanta raguwar fitar da haske yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a kan kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi.
• Rarraba Bakan:Zane na ƙarfin dangi da tsawon zango, yana nuna siffa da faɗin bakan hasken ja da aka fitar.

Waɗannan lanƙwasa suna ba da damar injiniyoyi su yi hasashen aiki a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayin aikin su, wanda zai iya bambanta da ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Fakiti

Ginin jiki na LTP-1457AKD an ayyana shi ta girman fakiti da da'irar ciki.

5.1 Girman Fakiti

Na'urar tana da tsayin matrix na 1.2 inches (30.42 mm). An ba da cikakken zane mai girma akan shafi na 2 na takardar bayanan. Duk girmansu an ƙayyade su a cikin milimita, tare da juzu'i na gabaɗaya na ±0.25 mm (±0.01 inches) sai dai idan wani takamaiman fasali ya buƙaci juzu'i daban. Wannan zane yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar sawun PCB (Allon Da'irar da aka Buga), yana tabbatar da cewa ɓangaren ya dace daidai kuma ya yi daidai da fakitin solder na allon.

5.2 Da'irar Ciki & Pinout

Nunin yana amfani da tsarin cathode na gama-gari don layuka. Zanen da'irar ciki yana nuna matrix 5x7 inda kowane LED (ɗigo) aka kafa shi a mahadar layin anode (ginshiƙi) da layin cathode (layi). Don haskaka takamaiman ɗigo, dole ne a tuƙa ginshiƙin anode ɗin da ya dace sama (tare da iyakance halin yanzu da ya dace), yayin da dole ne a ja layin cathode ɗinsa ƙasa.

Teburin haɗin fil yana da mahimmanci don haɗawa:

- Fil 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 14 suna haɗawa zuwa Layukan Cathode (1-7).

- Fil 3, 4, 6, 10, 11, 13 suna haɗawa zuwa Ginshiƙan Anode (1-5).

Lura: Akwai sabani a cikin jerin da aka bayar inda Fil 11 aka jera shi a matsayin "ANODE COLUMN 3" kuma Fil 4 shima "ANODE COLUMN 3". A cikin daidaitaccen matrix 5x7 tare da fil 12 (fil 14 tare da 2 mai yuwuwar ba a yi amfani da su ba), wannan yana yiwuwa kuskuren takardu; ɗayan ya kamata ya zana Ginshiƙi 1, 2, 3, 4, ko 5. Dole ne a duba zanen takardar bayanan na ainihi don daidaitaccen taswira, mara shakka. Ana buƙatar da'irar tuƙi mai yawa don kunna layuka da ginshiƙai a jere don samar da haruffa ba tare da fatalwa ba.

6. Jagororin Solder & Taro

Babban ƙayyadaddun taro da aka bayar shine bayanin yanayin zafin solder. Na'urar na iya jurewa matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na matsakaicin tsawon dakika 3. Ana auna wannan a wani wuri 1.6mm ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na jikin fakiti, wanda ya yi daidai da saman PCB ko haɗin solder kanta. Wannan ƙimar ta dace da daidaitattun hanyoyin sake karkatar da solder mara gubar (SnAgCu). Dole ne masu ƙira su tabbatar da cewa bayanan tanda na tanda na sake karkatar da su bai wuce wannan iyakar lokaci-da-zafin jiki ba don hana lalata guntu na LED, haɗin waya na ciki, ko kayan fakiti na filastik. Yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD (Fitar da Lantarki Mai Tsanani) yayin sarrafawa.

7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Wannan nuni ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar harafi ɗaya, mai iya karantawa sosai ko alama. Yanayinsa na iya tattarawa yana ba shi damar amfani da shi a cikin saitunan haruffa da yawa. Amfanin gama gari sun haɗa da:

- Allunan kayan aikin ma'auni (ma'aunan volt, ma'auni da yawa, ma'aunan mitar).

- Alamomin yanayin tsarin sarrafa masana'antu.

- Nunin tashar siyarwa.

- Sauƙaƙan allunan saƙo ko allunan maki lokacin da aka haɗa raka'a da yawa.

- Haɗin kai na tsarin mai amfani don lambobin yanayi ko fitarwa ta lamba ɗaya.

7.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

• Da'irar Tuƙi:Ana buƙatar microcontroller tare da isassun fil na I/O ko takamaiman mai tuƙa nunin LED (kamar MAX7219 ko makamancinsa) don yawan abubuwa. Kowane fil zai nutse ko samar da halin yanzu don LEDs da yawa, don haka tabbatar da cewa iyakokin halin yanzu na kowane fil na MCU ko direba ba a wuce su ba.
• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu na waje wajibi ne ga kowane ginshiƙin anode (ko mai tuƙa mai ci gaba) don saita halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) zuwa ƙimar aminci, yawanci tsakanin 10-20 mA don aiki mai ci gaba, la'akari da raguwa tare da zafin jiki.
• Ragewar Wutar Lantarki:Ƙididdige jimillar ragewar wutar lantarki, musamman lokacin da aka haskaka ɗigo da yawa lokaci ɗaya. Tabbatar cewa ya kasance cikin iyakokin zafi na na'urar da na PCB.
• Kusurwar Dubawa:Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana da fa'ida ga aikace-aikacen da za a iya kallon nuni daga gefe.
• Daidaiton Hasken:Ƙayyade kwanti mai ƙarfi lokacin yin oda don aikace-aikacen raka'a da yawa don tabbatar da daidaiton gani.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambance-bambance

Babban abubuwan banbanta na LTP-1457AKD sune amfani da fasahar AlInGaP Hyper Red da takamaiman tsarin injiniya/na lantarki.

• vs. Daidaitattun GaAsP ko GaP Jajayen LEDs:Gabaɗaya LEDs na AlInGaP suna ba da ingantaccen ingancin haske, mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki, da kuma cikakken launin ja mai cikakke (tsawon zango mai rinjaye ~639nm) idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohin, waɗanda zasu iya bayyana mafi orange.
• vs. Manyan ko ƙananan Nunin Dot Matrix:Tsayin 1.2" da tsarin 5x7 suna wakiltar takamaiman girman da daidaitawar ciniki, suna ba da kyakkyawan iya karantawa a matsakaicin nisa. Ƙananan tsari suna adana sarari amma suna rage iya karantawa; manyan tsari suna bayyana sosai daga nesa amma suna cinye ƙarin wutar lantarki da yankin allon.
• vs. Nunin Mai Sarrafa Haɗin kai:Wannan "danye" ne na LED. Nunin tare da masu sarrafawa na haɗin kai (I2C, SPI) suna sauƙaƙa haɗin gwiwar microcontroller amma suna iya zama ƙasa da sassauƙa ko mafi tsada. LTP-1457AKD yana ba da sarrafa kai kai tsaye a farashin ƙarin da'irar direba mai sarƙaƙiya.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan nuni tare da microcontroller 5V kai tsaye?

A: Yiwuwa, amma tare da taka tsantsan. Na al'ada V_Fshi ne 2.1-2.8V. Fil na MCU 5V zai yi amfani da 5V ga anode, wanda ba tare da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu ba zai lalata LED. Dole ne ka yi amfani da resistor na jerin. Lissafin shine: R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F. Don wadata 5V, V_F=2.6V, da I_F=20mA, R = (5 - 2.6) / 0.02 = 120 Ω. Haka nan, tabbatar da cewa MCU na iya nutsewa/samar da halin yanzu mai yawa da ake buƙata.

Q: Menene ma'anar "1/16 Aikin Aiki" a cikin yanayin gwaji don ƙarfin haske?

A: Yana nufin LED tana bugun jini a kan 1/16th na jimillar lokacin zagayowar. Don nunin da yawa, wannan hanya ce ta tuƙi ta gama gari. Matsakaicin halin yanzu yayin lokacin kunna (32 mA a cikin gwajin) ya fi girma fiye da abin da za'a iya amfani da shi don aikin DC don cimma hasken da aka gane daidai da ƙaramin halin yanzu na DC. Matsakaicin halin yanzu shine (Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu * Aikin Aiki) = 32mA * (1/16) = 2 mA.

Q: Ta yaya zan ƙirƙiri haruffa kamar haruffa da lambobi?

A: Kuna buƙatar teburin font ko mai samar da haruffa a cikin software ɗinku. Wannan tebur ne na nemo wanda ke ayyana waɗanne ɗigo (haɗin anode/ginshiƙi, cathode/layi) don haskakawa ga kowane lambar ASCII ko EBCDIC. Misali, harafin "A" zai yi taswira zuwa takamaiman tsari a cikin ginshiƙai 5 da layuka 7.

10. Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirar Alamar RPM ta Lamba ɗaya don Mai Sarrafa Motor.

Nunin yana buƙatar nuna lamba daga 0-9 wanda ke wakiltar kewayon sauri. An zaɓi microcontroller mai arha tare da fil 12 na I/O.

Aiwartawa:An saita fil 7 a matsayin fitarwa na buɗe-buɗe don tuƙa layukan cathode (nutse halin yanzu). An saita fil 5 a matsayin fitarwa na dijital don tuƙa ginshiƙan anode ta hanyar resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu (sama da halin yanzu). Firmware ɗin yana ƙunshe da taswirar font 5x7 don lambobi 0-9. Yana gudanar da katsewar mai ƙidayar lokaci wanda ke kunna kowane layi (1-7) a jere ta hanyar ja fil ɗin cathode ɗinsa ƙasa. Don layin aiki, firmware yana saita fil ɗin anode 5 sama bisa ga tsarin font don lambar da za a nuna a cikin wannan takamaiman layi. Wannan yawan abubuwa yana faruwa da sauri fiye da yadda idon ɗan adam zai iya gani (misali, >100 Hz), yana haifar da hoto mai tsayayye, mara flicker. Matsakaicin halin yanzu na kowane LED ana kiyaye shi a 10 mA (an daidaita matsakaicin halin yanzu don aikin aiki) don tabbatar da dogon lokaci na dogaro a cikin iyakokin ragewar wutar lantarki.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

Babban ka'idar ita ce electroluminescence a cikin haɗin gwiwar p-n semiconductor. Kayan AlInGaP suna da bandgap kai tsaye. Lokacin da aka yi karkatar da gaba (ƙarfin lantarki mai kyau akan anode dangane da cathode), ana shigar da electrons daga yankin n-type zuwa cikin band ɗin jagora, kuma ana shigar da ramuka daga yankin p-type zuwa cikin band ɗin valence. Waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yankin aiki kusa da haɗin gwiwa. A cikin kayan bandgap kai tsaye kamar AlInGaP, wani ɓangare mai mahimmanci na waɗannan sake haɗuwa suna haskakawa, ma'ana suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Tsawon zango (launi) na wannan hasken an ƙaddara shi ta ƙarfin bandgap (E_g) na kayan semiconductor, bisa ga lissafin λ ≈ hc/E_g. Don AlInGaP da aka kunna don hasken ja, wannan yana haifar da photons tare da tsawon zango kusan 650 nm. Tsarin matrix 5x7 kawai grid ne na waɗannan LEDs na haɗin gwiwar p-n guda ɗaya, tare da haɗin anodes da cathodes ɗinsu a cikin tsari mai giciye don rage adadin fil ɗin direba da ake buƙata.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Duk da yake LTP-1457AKD tana wakiltar fasaha mai girma kuma mai dogaro, faɗin fagen fasahar nuni yana ci gaba da haɓaka. Nunin dot matrix na LED daban-daban na irin wannan suna fuskantar gasa daga haɗin gwiwar modules ta amfani da na'urar da aka ɗora a saman (SMD) LEDs, waɗanda zasu iya zama ƙanana kuma suna ba da ƙuduri mafi girma. Bugu da ƙari, fasahar LED na kwayoyin halitta (OLED) da micro-LED suna ci gaba, suna yin alƙawarin nunin da ba su da kauri, mafi inganci, da mafi girma. Don takamaiman rami na sauƙi, ƙaƙƙarfan, harafi ɗaya ko ƙananan ƙuduri na haruffa da yawa, AlInGaP da makamancin su na semiconductor III-V sun kasance masu dacewa sosai saboda tabbataccen dogaronsu, faɗin kewayon zafin jiki na aiki, babban haske, da inganci don aikace-aikacen masana'antu da na kayan aikin ma'auni. Trend a cikin wannan ɓangaren yana zuwa ga mafi inganci (ƙarin haske kowace watt) da ƙarfin binning don daidaiton launi da haske.