LTP-1557AKD LED Nunin Tsarin Digo (Dot Matrix) - Tsawon Inci 1.2 (30.42mm) - Ja Mai Zafi (650nm) - 40mW a kowane Digo - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTP-1557AKD na'urar nunin lambobi ɗaya ce, wacce aka gina ta amfani da tsarin digo 5x7 na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) LED na Ja Mai Zafi. Wannan tsari daidai ne don nuna saitin haruffa na ASCII da EBCDIC, yana mai da shi dacewa da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karantawa mai sauƙi, harafi ɗaya. Na'urar tana da fuskar launin toka tare da fararen digo, yana haɓaka bambanci don ingantaccen karantawa. Ka'idar ƙirarta ta asali ta dogara ne akan tsarin ginshiƙan gama-gari da tsarin layin gama-gari, yana ba da damar sarrafa LED ɗaya tare da rage adadin fil ɗin I/O.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan nuni sun haɗa da amincin sa na ƙwaƙƙwaran jiki, faɗin kusurwar kallo saboda ƙirar jirgi ɗaya, da ƙarancin buƙatun wutar lantarki. Tsawon harafi na inci 1.2 (30.42 mm) yana ba da kyakkyawan gani. An rarrabe shi don ƙarfin haske, yana ba da damar rarrabawar haske. Ana iya tara na'urar a kwance, yana ba da damar ƙirar nuni masu yawan haruffa. Kasuwarmasa ta farko ta haɗa da allunan sarrafa masana'antu, kayan aikin ma'auni, kayan aikin gwaji, tashoshin siyarwa, da sauran tsarin da aka saka inda ake buƙatar nuni mai sauƙi, amintacce, da ƙarancin wutar lantarki.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba don ci gaba da aiki ba ne.

• Matsakaicin Ragewar Wutar Lantarki a kowane Digo:40 mW. Wannan yana iyakance nauyin zafi na ci gaba akan kowane guntu LED.
• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba a kowane Digo:90 mA. Wannan yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin 1/10 da faɗin bugun 0.1 ms, ana amfani dashi don cimma mafi girman haske na nan take a cikin tsare-tsaren da aka haɗa.
• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba a kowane Digo:Matsakaicin tushe shine 15 mA a 25°C. Wannan ƙimar tana raguwa a layi daya a 0.2 mA/°C yayin da yanayin yanayi (Ta) ya karu sama da 25°C, wani muhimmin abin la'akari ne don sarrafa zafi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya a kowane Digo:5 V. Wucewa wannan na iya rushe haɗin PN na LED.
• Kewayon Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:-35°C zuwa +85°C.
• Zazzabi na Solder:Matsakaicin 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, ana auna shi 1.6mm (1/16 inci) a ƙasan filin zama na kunshin.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki & Haske

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a yanayin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C kuma suna ayyana aikin na'urar na yau da kullun.

• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haske (I_V):Ya bambanta daga 800 µcd (mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 2600 µcd (na al'ada). An auna shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini na I_p=32mA da aikin 1/16. Faɗin kewayon yana nuna tasirin rarrabawar ƙarfin haske (rarrabawa).
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango na Fitarwa (λ_p):650 nm (na al'ada). Wannan yana ayyana launin farko na hasken da aka fitar a matsayin Ja Mai Zafi.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):20 nm (na al'ada). Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan ko faɗin band na hasken ja da aka fitar.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λ_d):639 nm (na al'ada). Wannan shine tsawon zango da idon ɗan adam ke gani, ya ɗan bambanta da tsawon zango mafi girma.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F) kowane Digo:
  • 2.1V zuwa 2.6V (kewayon al'ada) a I_F=20mA.
  • 2.3V zuwa 2.8V (kewayon al'ada) a I_F=80mA (bugun jini). Yana nuna ingantaccen ma'auni na zafi da juriya mai ƙarfi na LED.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (I_R) kowane Digo:Matsakaicin 100 µA a V_R=5V.
• Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Haske (I_V-m):Matsakaicin 2:1. Wannan yana ƙayyade matsakaicin rabo da aka yarda tsakanin LED mafi haske da mafi duhu a cikin jeri a ƙarƙashin yanayin tuƙi iri ɗaya, yana tabbatar da kamanni iri ɗaya.

Bayanan Aunawa:Ana auna ƙarfin haske tare da haɗin firinta da tacewa wanda ke kusanci da lanƙwasa amsawar ido na CIE photopic, yana tabbatar da cewa ƙimar tana da alaƙa da hangen nesa na ɗan adam.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Takardar bayanai ta bayyana cewa na'urar "An Rarrabe ta don Ƙarfin Haske." Wannan ma'auni ne mai mahimmanci na rarrabawa.

• Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Haske:Matsakaicin I_Vkewayon 800-2600 µcd yana nuna rukunin ƙarfi da yawa. Dole ne masu ƙira su zaɓi rukunin da ya dace bisa ga buƙatun haske na aikace-aikace kuma su tabbatar da daidaito lokacin amfani da nuni da yawa.
• Daidaiton Tsawon Zango:Ko da yake ba a rarrabe shi a fili don tsawon zango ba, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun λ_p(650nm) da λ_d(639nm) suna nuna ingantaccen sarrafa masana'antu, wanda ke haifar da daidaitaccen launin ja a cikin na'urori.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba:Kewayon V da aka ƙayyade_F(misali, 2.1-2.6V) yana nuna yaduwa. Don ƙira tare da nuni da yawa ko ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatun wutar lantarki, yana iya zama dole a tuntubi masana'anta don zaɓuɓɓukan rarrabawar ƙarfin lantarki.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanai tana nuni zuwa "Lanƙwasa Halayen Lantarki/Haske na Al'ada." Ko da yake ba a ba da takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun ba, lanƙwasa na al'ada don irin waɗannan na'urori yawanci za su haɗa da:

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V):Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni, mai mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irori masu iyakance ƙarfin lantarki. Lanƙwasa yana motsawa tare da zafin jiki.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba:Yana nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana da alaƙa da ƙarfin lantarki a cikin kewayon aiki na al'ada kafin raguwar inganci a cikin ƙarfin lantarki mai girma.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske vs. Yanayin Yanayi:Yana nuna raguwar fitarwar haske yayin da zafin haɗin ya tashi, yana nuna mahimmancin sarrafa zafi, musamman lokacin da ake tuƙi a matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mafi girma.
• Rarraba Bakan:Makircin dangantakar ƙarfi da tsawon zango, wanda ke kewaye da 650nm tare da rabin faɗin ~20nm, yana tabbatar da launin Ja Mai Zafi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

Na'urar tana da takamaiman girma na zahiri da aka bayar a cikin zane (ana magana amma ba a yi cikakken bayani a cikin rubutu ba). Duk girma yana cikin milimita tare da matsakaicin haƙuri na ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an lura da haka. Wannan ya haɗa da tsayin gabaɗaya, faɗi, zurfi, tazarar jagora, da matsayin tsarin digo a cikin fuskar launin toka.

5.2 Haɗin Fil da Da'irar Ciki

Na'urar tana amfani da tsarin fil 14. Jadawalin da'irar ciki yana nuna daidaitaccen matrix 5x7 inda:
- Ginshiƙai (1-5) ƙungiyoyin gama-gari ne.
- Layuka (1-7) ƙungiyoyin gama-gari ne.
Don haskaka takamaiman digo (misali, Layi 3, Ginshiƙi 2), dole ne a tuƙi anode na layin da ya dace sama (tare da iyakance ƙarfin lantarki) yayin da ake ja ginshiƙin cathode da ya dace ƙasa. Teburin fitar fil yana da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen shimfidar PCB da ƙirar da'irar tuƙi.

6. Jagororin Solder & Taro

Mahimmin ƙayyadaddun taro shine bayanin solder.

• Solder na Reflow:Matsakaicin zafin jiki da aka yarda a jikin kunshin (1.6mm a ƙasan filin zama) shine 260°C, kuma wannan matsakaicin zafin jiki bai kamata a ci gaba da shi fiye da dakika 3 ba. Dole ne a sarrafa daidaitattun bayanan reflow marasa gubar (SnAgCu) a hankali don tsayawa cikin wannan iyaka don hana lalata guntu LED, haɗin waya na ciki, ko kunshin filastik.
• Solder na Hannu:Idan ya cancanta, ya kamata a yi shi da sauri tare da ƙarfe mai sarrafa zafin jiki, yana amfani da zafi ga kushin PCB kuma ba kai tsaye ga jagoran kayan aiki na tsawon lokaci ba.
• Tsaftacewa:Yi amfani da wakilai masu tsaftacewa kawai waɗanda suka dace da kayan kunshin LED.
• Yanayin Ajiya:Ajiye a cikin yanayi mai bushewa, mai hana tashin hankali a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na -35°C zuwa +85°C don hana shan danshi da lalacewar fitarwa na tashin hankali.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

• Karatu na Masana'antu:Alamomin yanayi, lambobin kuskure, ko nunin ƙima ɗaya akan injina.
• Kayan Aikin Gwaji & Ma'auni:Nuna raka'a (V, A, Hz), lambobin tashoshi, ko lambobi masu sauƙi.
• Kayan Lantarki na Masu Amfani:Nunin agogo, alamomin yanayin kayan aikin gida (ko da yake ba a yawan yin amfani da su a yau).
• Ƙirar Samfuri & Ilimi:Mai kyau don koyon haɗin microcontroller da dabarun haɗawa.

7.2 Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Ƙira

• Da'irar Tuƙi:Yana buƙatar microcontroller ko takamaiman IC tuƙi wanda zai iya haɗa layuka 12 (ginshiƙai 5 + layuka 7). Yi amfani da transistors ko tuƙi masu haɗawa don sarrafa ƙarfin lantarki da ake buƙata.
• Iyakance Ƙarfin Lantarki:Mahimmanci ga kowane layi ko ginshiƙi. Ƙididdige ƙimar resistor dangane da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki da ake so (misali, 10-15mA a kowane digo), ƙarfin wutar lantarki, da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED. Ka tuna cewa ana raba ƙarfin lantarki a cikin LED da yawa a cikin firam ɗin da aka haɗa.
• Ƙimar Sabuntawa:Dole ne ƙimar binciken haɗawa ta zama mai girma sosai (yawanci >100Hz) don guje wa flicker da ake iya gani. Aikin 1/16 da aka ambata a cikin ƙayyadaddun bayanai yana nuna cewa tsarin haɗawa na mataki 16 ya dace.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Lokacin aiki kusa da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mafi girma ko a manyan yanayin yanayi, tabbatar da isasshen iska. Ragewar 0.2 mA/°C don I_Fyana da mahimmanci ga amincin aiki.
• Kusurwar Dubawa:Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana da amfani amma ka yi la'akari da yanayin hawa dangane da mai amfani.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambanci

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin matrix na LED ja na GaAsP ko GaP, fasahar AlInGaP a cikin LTP-1557AKD tana ba da ingantaccen inganci na haske sosai, yana haifar da nuni masu haske a cikin ƙarfin lantarki iri ɗaya ko ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki don haske iri ɗaya. Tsawon zango na Ja Mai Zafi (650nm) ya fi na ja na al'ada ƙarfi kuma ya bambanta. Idan aka kwatanta da zamani na OLED ko LCD na zane, wannan na'urar ta fi sauƙi, ta fi ƙarfi, ƙaramin farashi, kuma tana aiki a cikin kewayon zafin jiki mafi faɗi, amma an iyakance ga haruffa 5x7 da aka ƙayyade a baya. Ƙaramin nasa yana cikin aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar amincin gaske, sauƙi, da ƙaramin farashi don nunin haruffa.

9. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

• Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan nuni tare da ƙarfin lantarki na DC akai-akai akan kowane digo?
  A: A fasaha i, amma zai buƙaci tuƙi masu zaman kansu 35, wanda bai dace ba. Haɗawa shine daidaitaccen hanyar da ake nufi, ta amfani da gine-ginen zaɓin X-Y.
• Q: Me yasa matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki (90mA) ya fi matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki (15mA) girma?
  A: A cikin haɗawa, kowane LED yana samun wutar lantarki ne kawai na ɗan lokaci (aikin aiki). Don cimma matsakaicin haske da ake gani daidai da 15mA DC, ana amfani da ƙarfin bugun jini mafi girma a lokacin lokacin aikinsa. Ƙimar 90mA tana tabbatar da cewa LED na iya ɗaukar waɗannan ƙananan bugun jini.
• Q: Me "Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Haske na 2:1" ke nufi ga ƙirara?
  A: Yana nufin cewa mafi ƙanƙanta digo a cikin jeri zai iya zama rabin haske kamar mafi haske digo a ƙarƙashin yanayin tuƙi iri ɗaya. Don haruffa masu kamanni iri ɗaya, kuna iya buƙatar zaɓar na'urori daga rukunin da ya fi matsi ko aiwatar da ramuwar haske na software idan tuƙin ku ya ba da damar sarrafa digo ɗaya.
• Q: Ta yaya zan haɗa wannan na'urar fil 14 zuwa microcontroller tare da ƙananan fil ɗin I/O?
  A> Dole ne ku yi amfani da rajista na motsi na waje (kamar 74HC595), masu faɗaɗa I/O, ko takamaiman IC tuƙi na LED tare da tallafin haɗawa. Ba za ku iya rage adadin layukan sarrafa da ake buƙata ƙasa da 12 don cikakken sarrafa matrix 5x7 ba.

10. Nazarin Ƙirar Aiki na Aiki

Yanayi:Ƙirar karatun zafin jiki mai lamba ɗaya don mai sarrafa tanda na masana'antu wanda ke aiki har zuwa 70°C yanayi.

• Hasken:Zaɓi rukunin ƙarfin haske daga ƙarshen mafi girma (misali, 2000+ µcd) don tabbatar da gani a cikin yanayi mai yiwuwa mai haske.
• Ƙarfin Tuƙi:Ƙayyade matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki da aka rage. A Ta=70°C, ragewar shine (70-25)°C * 0.2 mA/°C = 9 mA. Saboda haka, matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun mai aminci a kowane digo shine 15 mA - 9 mA = 6 mA. Dole ne ƙirar ta yi amfani da ƙarfin bugun jini a cikin aikin 1/16 don cimma hasken da ake buƙata yayin da ake kiyayematsakaiciƙarfin lantarki a ko ƙasa da 6mA a kowane digo.
• Da'ira:Yi amfani da microcontroller don samar da siginonin haɗawa. Yi amfani da MOSFETs na N-channel na ƙananan gefe don zubar da ƙarfin ginshiƙai da P-channel MOSFETs na babban gefe ko IC tuƙi don samar da ƙarfin layuka. Ƙididdige resistors masu iyakance ƙarfin lantarki dangane da ƙarfin wutar lantarki (misali, 5V), LED V_Fa ƙarfin bugun jini, da ƙimar ƙarfin bugun jini da ake so da ake buƙata don samar da ingantaccen matsakaicin haske.
• Shimfidawa:Sanya nuni nesa da sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da zafi akan PCB. Tabbatar cewa bayanin reflow solder yayin taro ya bi ƙa'idar 260°C na iyaka na 3s.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

Na'urar tana aiki akan ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗin PN semiconductor. Lokacin da ake amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin kunna diode (~2.1V) a kan tantanin halitta LED ɗaya (anode layi sama, cathode ginshiƙi ƙasa), electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na AlInGaP, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons tare da tsawon zango da ke tsakiya a 650 nm (hasken ja). Tsarin matrix 5x7 da gine-ginen anode/cathode na gama-gari suna ba da damar kowane ɗayan digo 35 a magance su ta hanyar zaɓar layukan layi da ginshiƙi da suka dace, suna ba da damar samar da haruffa ta hanyar haɗawa.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Yayin da keɓaɓɓun nunin tsarin digo na LED kamar LTP-1557AKD suka kasance masu dacewa don takamaiman aikace-aikace masu ƙarfi da masu rauni, babban yanayin yana zuwa ga haɗawa da ci-gaban fasaha. An zama daidaitattun ƙirar haruffa na LCD (LCD) da na'urori na OLED tare da masu sarrafawa na ciki don ƙarin nuni masu rikitarwa. Don aikace-aikacen da har yanzu ke buƙatar LED, jeri na LED na na'urar da aka saka a saman (SMD) da matsakaicin yawa, launi da yawa, matrix na LED na RGB masu magana (misali, ta amfani da LED irin na WS2812B) suna ƙara shahara saboda sassauci da sauƙin amfani. Koyaya, sauƙi, babban amincin aiki, faɗin kewayon zafin jiki, da fitarwa mai haske mai haske na launi ɗaya na tsohon LED matrix na rami suna tabbatar da ci gaba da amfani da su a cikin masana'antu, motoci, da aikace-aikacen yanayi mai tsauri inda sabbin fasahohi bazai cika duk buƙatun ba.