Takardar Bayanin LED LTP-1457AKA - Tsayin Matrix 1.2-inch (30.42mm) - AlInGaP Ja-Orange - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 2.6V - Ragewar Wutar 33mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTP-1457AKA module ne na nuni na lamba ɗaya, wanda aka gina ta amfani da tsarin matrix 5x7. Babban aikinsa shine wakiltar haruffa da alamomi a zahiri, wanda ya dace da daidaitattun saitin lambobin USASCII da EBCDIC. Babban fasahar yana amfani da guntu na LED na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) Ja-Orange, waɗanda aka ƙera akan tushen GaAs marar ganuwa. Wannan zaɓin tushe yana ba da gudummawa ga halayen fuskar launin toka da launin farin ɗigo na na'urar. An rarraba nunin bisa ga ƙarfinsa na haske, yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin haske don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar raka'a da yawa.

An ƙera na'urar don ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki kuma tana ba da amincin ƙwaƙƙwaran jiki. Wani muhimmin siffa na injiniya shine yadda ake iya tara su, yana ba da damar sanya raka'a da yawa a gefe a kwance don samar da nunin haruffa da yawa ba tare da manyan gibi ba, wanda ya dace da allunan saƙo ko karatun lambobi masu sauƙi.

2. Fassarar Ma'ana Mai Zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Haske da Gani

An ayyana aikin gani a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayin gwaji a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C. Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske (Iv) kowane ɗigo yana da ƙimar al'ada na 3800 µcd lokacin da aka tuƙa shi da babban igiyar ruwa (Ip) na 80mA a cikin zagayowar aiki 1/16. Ƙimar mafi ƙarancin da aka ƙayyade ita ce 2100 µcd. An ƙayyade ma'aunin daidaitawar ƙarfin haske tsakanin ɗigogi a matsakaicin 2:1, wanda ke ayyana bambancin da aka yarda a cikin haske a cikin matrix.

An ayyana halayen launi ta tsawon raƙuman ruwa. Matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman fitarwa (λp) yawanci 621 nm ne. Babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd), wanda ya fi dacewa da launin da ake gani, yawanci 615 nm ne, yana sanya shi cikin baki a cikin bakan ja-orange. Ramin rabin faɗin layin bakan (Δλ) yawanci 18 nm ne, yana nuna tsaftar bakan ko faɗin faɗin hasken da aka fitar.

2.2 Ma'auni na Lantarki

Ƙarfin wutar gaba (VF) don kowane ɗigo LED ɗaya, wanda aka auna a igiyar ruwa ta gaba (IF) na 20mA, ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 2.05V zuwa matsakaicin 2.6V, tare da ƙimar al'ada da aka bayar. Juyawar igiyar ruwa (IR) don kowane ɗigo, lokacin da aka yi amfani da juyawar wutar lantarki (VR) na 5V, tana da matsakaicin ƙimar da aka ƙayyade na 100 µA.

2.3 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga da La'akari da Zafi

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa. Matsakaicin raguwar wutar lantarki kowane ɗigo bai kamata ya wuce 33 mW ba. Babban igiyar ruwa ta gaba kowane ɗigo an ƙididdige shi a 90 mA, amma kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini: zagayowar aiki 1/10 tare da faɗin bugun jini 0.1 ms. Matsakaicin igiyar ruwa ta gaba kowane ɗigo yana da ma'aunin raguwa; yana 13 mA a 25°C kuma yana raguwa a layi daya da 0.17 mA ga kowane digiri Celsius na haɓakar yanayin zafin muhalli.

Na'urar na iya jure juyawar wutar lantarki har zuwa 5V kowane ɗigo. An ƙayyade kewayon zafin aiki da ajiya daga -35°C zuwa +85°C. Don haɗawa, zafin solder bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba har tsawon lokaci na 3 seconds, wanda aka auna a wani batu 1.6mm (1/16 inch) a ƙasan farfajiyar zama na kayan.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabe

Takardar bayanin ta bayyana cewa na'urar "An Rarrabe ta don Ƙarfin Haske." Wannan yana nuna tsarin rarrabewa ko tsari bisa ga aunannen fitowar haske. Ana gwada raka'a kuma a haɗa su cikin takamaiman kwandon ƙarfi (misali, kwandon don 2100-2800 µcd, wani kuma don 2800-3800 µcd). Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa masu ƙira za su iya zaɓar sassa masu daidaitaccen haske don aikace-aikacensu, wanda yake da mahimmanci lokacin da ake amfani da nunin da yawa tare don guje wa bambance-bambancen haske da ake iya gani. Takardar bayanin ba ta ƙayyade kwanduna daban-daban don tsawon raƙuman ruwa ko ƙarfin wutar gaba ba, wanda ke nuna cewa babban ma'aunin rarrabewa shine ƙarfin haske.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanin ta ƙunshi sashe don "Lanƙwasan Halayen Lantarki / Gani na Al'ada." Duk da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani game da takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, irin waɗannan lanƙwasan yawanci suna nuna alaƙar tsakanin mahimman ma'auni. Daidaitattun lanƙwasan don irin wannan na'urar za su haɗa da:

• Igiyar Ruwa ta Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V):Yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta layi tsakanin igiyar ruwa ta hanyar LED da ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikinta. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance igiyar ruwa.
• Ƙarfin Haske vs. Igiyar Ruwa ta Gaba:Yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da igiyar ruwa, yawanci a cikin yanayin ƙasa-layi a manyan igiyoyin ruwa saboda tasirin dumama.
• Ƙarfin Haske vs. Yanayin Zafin Muhalli:Yana nuna raguwar fitowar haske yayin da zafin haɗin LED ya tashi. LED na AlInGaP gabaɗaya suna nuna ƙarancin kashe zafi fiye da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP, amma fitarwa har yanzu yana raguwa da zafi.
• Rarraba Bakan:Jadawali da ke jera matsakaicin ƙarfi da tsawon raƙuman ruwa, yana nuna kololuwa a ~621nm da rabin faɗin 18nm.

Waɗannan lanƙwasan suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba daidai ba (igiyoyin ruwa daban-daban, yanayin zafi) da don inganta da'irar tuƙi don inganci da tsawon rai.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

Na'urar tana da tsayin matrix 1.2-inch, wanda yayi daidai da 30.42 mm. Wannan yana nufin tsayin tsarin 5x7 da kansa. An ba da girman fakitin a cikin zane mai cikakken bayani tare da duk ma'auni a cikin milimita. Matsakaicin haƙuri na waɗannan ma'auni shine ±0.25 mm (0.01 inches) sai dai idan an lura da hakan akan zane. Zanen haɗin fil yana da mahimmanci don haɗuwa. Nunin yana da fil 14 waɗanda ke sarrafa ginshiƙai 5 (anodes) da layuka 7 (cathodes) a cikin tsari mai yawa. Takamaiman fitar fil shine: Fil 1: Cathode Layin 5, Fil 2: Cathode Layin 7, Fil 3: Anode Ginshiƙi 2, Fil 4: Anode Ginshiƙi 3, Fil 5: Cathode Layin 4, Fil 6: Anode Ginshiƙi 5, Fil 7: Cathode Layin 6, Fil 8: Cathode Layin 3, Fil 9: Cathode Layin 1, Fil 10: Anode Ginshiƙi 4, Fil 11: Anode Ginshiƙi 3, Fil 12: Cathode Layin 4, Fil 13: Anode Ginshiƙi 1, Fil 14: Cathode Layin 2. Lura da tsarin da ba na biye ba, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a cikin nunin da yawa don inganta hanyoyin ciki.

Zanen da'irar ciki yana nuna tsarin matrix: ginshiƙan anode guda biyar da layukan cathode guda bakwai. Kowane mahaɗa yana wakiltar ɗigo LED ɗaya. Don haskaka takamaiman ɗigo, dole ne a tuƙa filin ginshiƙin da ya dace sama (anode), kuma dole ne a tuƙa filin layin ƙasa (cathode).

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Babban ƙuntatawa na haɗawa da aka bayar shine bayanin martabar zafin solder. Jikin kayan bai kamata a fallasa shi ga yanayin zafi sama da 260°C fiye da dakika 3 ba yayin aikin sake kunnawa ko solder. Wannan matsakaicin ƙima ne na yawancin kayan ta hanyar rami da wasu kayan saman. Ma'aunin ma'auni shine 1.6mm a ƙasan farfajiyar zama, wanda yawanci shine wurin da jagororin ke fita daga jikin fakitin. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa ba a lalata guntu na LED mai hankali a ciki ta hanyar zafi mai yawa da aka kai ta hanyar jagororin. Don solder na hannu, yakamata a yi amfani da ƙarfe mai sarrafa zafi, kuma a rage lokacin tuntuɓar kowane fil. Yakamata a koyi daidaitattun hanyoyin sarrafa ESD (Fitar da Wutar Lantarki na Electrostatic) lokacin aiki da na'urorin semiconductor.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan nunin ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar harafi ɗaya, mai iya karantawa sosai. Yadda ake iya tara shi ya sa ya dace da nunin lambobi da yawa. Amfanin gama gari sun haɗa da:

• Allunan kayan aikin masana'antu (don nuna saitin maki, karatu, lambobin kuskure).
• Kayan masarufi na mabukaci (firijin microwave, injunan wanki, na'urorin kula da zafin jiki).
• Kayan aikin gwaji da aunawa.
• Nunin bayanai masu sauƙi a cikin injunan sayar da kaya ko kiosks.
• Kits na ilimi don koyo game da tuƙin LED da yawa da haɗuwa da microcontroller.

7.2 Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi La'akari da su a Ƙirar

Da'irar Tuƙi:Nunin yana buƙatar da'irar tuƙi mai yawa na waje. Ana iya aiwatar da wannan ta amfani da transistors daban-daban, takamaiman IC na tuƙin LED (kamar MAX7219), ko kai tsaye daga microcontroller tare da isasshen ƙarfin samar da igiyar ruwa / nutsewa. Dole ne a mutunta babban ƙimar igiyar ruwa (90mA a aikin 1/10). Ƙirar al'ada za ta yi amfani da tushen igiyar ruwa akai-akai ko resistor mai iyakance igiyar ruwa ga kowane ginshiƙi (anode) kuma a nutse igiyar ruwa ta hanyar layuka (cathodes) ta amfani da transistors ko fil ɗin GPIO.

Lissafin Igiyar Ruwa:Don cimma matsakaicin ƙarfin haske na 3800 µcd, takardar bayanin ta ƙayyade yanayin Ip=80mA a zagayowar aiki 1/16. Saboda haka matsakaicin igiyar ruwa kowane ɗigo shine 80mA / 16 = 5mA. Jimlar matsakaicin igiyar ruwa don cikakken harafi mai haske (duk ɗigogi 35 suna kunne) zai kasance 35 * 5mA = 175mA, amma ana rarraba wannan a cikin ginshiƙai da layuka masu yawa.

Kusurwar Kallo:Siffar "faɗin kusurwar kallo" tana da amfani ga aikace-aikacen da za a iya kallon nunin daga wuraren da ba su da axis.

La'akari da Gani:Fuskar launin toka da farin ɗigogi suna ba da kyakkyawan bambanci. Masu ƙira na iya yin la'akari da ƙara tacewa mai launi ko mai watsawa a gaban nunin don haɓaka bambanci ko dacewa da kayan kwalliyar samfur, ko da yake wannan zai rage jimillar fitowar haske.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha

Babban abin banbanta na LTP-1457AKA shine amfani da fasahar LED na AlInGaP. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar daidaitattun LED na GaAsP (Gallium Arsenide Phosphide) ja, AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen inganci na haske sosai. Wannan yana nufin yana iya samar da ƙarin haske (mafi girman ƙarfin haske) don adadin wutar lantarki iri ɗaya, ko kuma ya cimma irin wannan haske tare da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki. AlInGaP kuma gabaɗaya yana da mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki da tsawon rayuwar aiki. Idan aka kwatanta da fararen LED na zamani ko ƙananan nunin matrix na SMD, wannan na'urar babba ce, kayan aikin rami wanda ke ba da sauƙi, ƙarfi, da babban ganuwar harafi ɗaya daga nesa, sau da yawa a ƙaramin farashin tsarin don aikace-aikacen lamba ɗaya.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi Bisa Ma'auni na Fasaha

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan nunin tare da igiyar ruwa ta DC akai-akai akan kowane ɗigo?

A: A fasaha a, amma ba shi da inganci kuma ba a ba da shawarar ba. An ƙera nunin don aiki mai yawa. Tuƙa duk ɗigogi akai-akai zai wuce matsakaicin ƙimar raguwar wutar lantarki (33mW kowane ɗigo) idan ana ƙoƙarin cimma daidaitaccen haske, wanda zai haifar da dumama da gazawar sauri.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin raƙuman fitarwa mai kololuwa da babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa?

A: Tsayin raƙuman fitarwa mai kololuwa shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa inda rarraba ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma. Babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya na hasken monochromatic wanda zai dace da launin da ake gani na LED. Ga LED masu ɗan ƙunƙuntaccen bakan kamar wannan, sau da yawa suna kusa, amma babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa ya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi.

Q: Fitar fil yana da alama ba na biye ba. Me yasa aka tsara shi ta wannan hanyar?

A: An inganta tsarin fil don tsarin ciki na alamun akan tushen nunin don rage magana ta juna da sauƙaƙe haɗin matrix na LED. Yana da mahimmanci a bi teburin haɗin fil da aka bayar daidai; kar a ɗauka cewa jerin ma'ana.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara ƙayyadaddun "Ragewar Matsakaicin Igiyar Ruwa ta Gaba"?

A: Yana nufin matsakaicin matsakaicin igiyar ruwa mai aminci kowane ɗigo yana raguwa yayin da yanayin zafin muhalli ya tashi. A 25°C, zaku iya amfani da matsakaicin igiyar ruwa har zuwa 13 mA. A 85°C (matsakaicin zafin aiki), igiyar ruwa da aka yarda ita ce 13 mA - [ (85-25) * 0.17 mA/°C ] = 13 mA - 10.2 mA = 2.8 mA. Wannan raguwa yana da mahimmanci don aiki mai aminci a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi.

10. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Harka: Ƙirar Karatun Zafin Jiki Lamba ɗaya don Oven na Masana'antu.

Injiniya yana buƙatar nuna saitin zafin jiki (0-9) akan tanda wanda ke aiki har zuwa 80°C yanayin zafi a cikin allunan sarrafawa. Sun zaɓi LTP-1457AKA don ganuwa da kewayon zafin jiki. Saboda babban yanayin zafin muhalli, dole ne su rage ƙimar igiyar tuƙi. Manufar ƙarancin haske yana karɓuwa a cikin wannan yanayin da aka sarrafa. Sun ƙirƙiri da'irar haɗawa ta amfani da microcontroller, suna tuƙa ginshiƙai ta hanyar resistors masu iyakance igiyar ruwa da layuka ta hanyar transistors na NPN. Firmware yana bincika layukan a babban mitar (>100Hz). Sun lissafta matsakaicin igiyar ruwa kowane ɗigo don zama ƙasa da ƙimar raguwa na ~3mA a 80°C don tabbatar da amincin dogon lokaci. Bayyanar toka/fari yana ba da kyakkyawan bambanci a kan allunan duhun tanda.

11. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Aiki

LTP-1457AKA yana aiki bisa ka'idar matrix LED mai yawa. Ya ƙunshi mahaɗin LED na AlInGaP guda 35 waɗanda aka jera a cikin grid na ginshiƙai 5 da layuka 7. Kowane LED an haɗa shi tsakanin layin ginshiƙi ɗaya (anode) da layin layi ɗaya (cathode). Don haskaka takamaiman tsari (kamar lamba ko harafi), mai sarrafa baya kunna duk ɗigogi lokaci ɗaya. Maimakon haka, yana amfani da wata dabara da ake kira haɗawa ko bincike. Yana kunna layi ɗaya (cathode) a lokaci ɗaya ta hanyar haɗa shi da ƙasa (ƙananan matakin dabaru). A lokaci guda, yana amfani da wutar lantarki (babban matakin dabaru) kawai ga layukan ginshiƙai (anodes) waɗanda ke buƙatar haskakawa don wannan takamaiman layin. Wannan zagayowar yana maimaitawa cikin sauri ta cikin duk layuka bakwai. Saboda dagewar hangen nesa, idon ɗan adam yana ganin kwanciyar hankali, cikakken harafi. Wannan hanyar tana rage yawan fil ɗin tuƙi da ake buƙata (14 maimakon 35) kuma yana rage jimillar amfani da wutar lantarki.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Nuni kamar LTP-1457AKA suna wakiltar fasaha mai girma. Trends na yanzu a cikin nunin nuni da haruffa suna matsawa zuwa:

• Fakitin Kayan Aikin Saman (SMD):Ƙananan sawun ƙafa don ƙirar PCB mai girma da haɗawa ta atomatik.
• Haɗin Kai mafi girma:Nuni tare da masu sarrafawa na ciki, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya (don rubutun hannu), da hanyoyin haɗin kai (I2C, SPI) suna sauƙaƙe aikin microcontroller mai masaukin baki.
• Kayan LED na Ci gaba:Duk da yake AlInGaP yana da inganci don ja/orange, sabbin kayan kamar InGaN suna ba da damar haske mai haske da inganci kore, shuɗi, da fararen LED, wanda ke haifar da cikakken launin matrix nuni.
• Madadin Fasahohi:Don manyan nunin, masu rikitarwa, fasahohin OLED (Organic LED) da micro-LED suna ba da mafi girman bambanci, kusurwoyin kallo, da sassauci.

Duk da haka, nunin lamba ɗaya ta hanyar rami kamar wannan sun kasance masu dacewa don sauƙinsu, dorewa, babban ganuwar harafi ɗaya, da ingancin farashi a cikin aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar lamba ɗaya ko kaɗan ne kawai, musamman a cikin mahallin masana'antu ko masu sha'awar inda za a iya fifita haɗin rami.