Takardar Bayanin Fasaha ta LTP-7357JD - Nunin LED Matrix Dot - Tsayin 0.678 Inch (17.22mm) - Jan AlInGaP - Tsari 5x7 - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTP-7357JD tsari ne na guda, na'urar nunin LED matrix dot 5x7 wanda aka tsara don gabatar da haruffa da alamomi. Babban aikinsa shine samar da bayyani mai tsabta, mai iya karantawa a cikin na'urorin lantarki daban-daban. Babban fa'idar wannan na'urar ya ta'allaka ne a cikin amfani da fitilun LED na jan AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) masu inganci sosai, waɗanda ke ba da ƙarfin haske mai girma da aminci idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohin LED. Nunin yana da fuskar launin toka tare da fararen dige-dige, yana haɓaka bambanci don ingantaccen karantawa. An rarrabe shi don ƙarfin haske, yana ba da damar zaɓi bisa ga buƙatun haske. Kasuwar da aka yi niyya ta haɗa da na'urorin sarrafa masana'antu, kayan aikin ma'auni, tashoshin tallace-tallace, tsarin da aka haɗa, da kowane aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙaramin tsarin nunin haruffa mai aminci.

1.1 Siffofi Mafi Muhimmanci da Fa'idodi na Asali

Na'urar ta ƙunshi siffofi na ƙira da yawa waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga aikin ta da kuma yawan amfani da ita. Tsayin matrix na 0.678-inch (17.22 mm) yana ba da girman haruffa wanda ya dace da kallo na matsakaicin nisa. Ƙarancin buƙatun wutar lantarki ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ake amfani da baturi ko masu kulawa da makamashi. Gina jirgin sama guda ɗaya tare da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi yana tabbatar da ganuwa daga matsayi daban-daban. Amintaccen ingancin fasahar LED yana ba da garantin tsawon rayuwar aiki ba tare da sassa masu motsi ba. Tsarin 5x7 tare da tsarin zaɓin X-Y yana ba da damar sarrafa haɗakarwa mai inganci. Dacewa da daidaitattun lambobin haruffa na USASCII da EBCDIC yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa tare da microcontrollers da processors. A ƙarshe, ƙirar kwance mai yuwuwa tana ba da damar ƙirƙirar nunin haruffa masu yawa ta hanyar daidaita raka'a da yawa a gefe.

2. Fassarar Maƙasudin Ma'auni na Fasaha

Aikin LTP-7357JD an ayyana shi ta hanyar saitin ma'auni na lantarki, na gani, da na zafi waɗanda masu ƙira dole su yi la'akari don aiwatar da su yadda ya kamata.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ba a ba da shawarar sarrafa na'urar akai-akai a ko kusa da waɗannan iyakokin ba. Matsakaicin ƙimar mahimmanci sun haɗa da matsakaicin ɓarnar wutar lantarki a kowane dige na 33 mW, matsakaicin gudun gaba a kowane dige na 90 mA, da matsakaicin gudun gaba a kowane dige na 13 mA a 25°C. Wannan matsakaicin gudun yana raguwa a layi daya a 0.17 mA/°C yayin da yanayin yanayi ya karu sama da 25°C. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya a kowane sashi shine 5 V. An ƙididdige na'urar don kewayon zafin jiki na -35°C zuwa +85°C da kewayon zafin ajiya na -35°C zuwa +85°C. Matsakaicin zafin gishiri shine 260°C na matsakaicin tsawon lokaci na dakika 3, wanda aka auna 1.6mm ƙasa da matakin wurin zama.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki & Na Gani

Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na yau da kullun na aiki da aka auna a yanayin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C. Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske (Iv) ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 500 μcd zuwa matsakaicin 1200 μcd, tare da ƙimar da aka bayar, lokacin da aka motsa shi da matsakaicin gudun (Ip) na 32 mA a cikin zagayowar aiki 1/16. Wannan tsarin haɗakarwa ya zama gama gari don rage amfani da wutar lantarki da rikitarwar direba. Matsakaicin tsawon zangon fitarwa (λp) yawanci shine 656 nm, yana faɗowa cikin bakan jan. Rabin faɗin layin bakan (Δλ) shine 22 nm, yana nuna tsarkin bakan na fitilar da aka fitar. Babban tsawon zango (λd) shine 640 nm. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf) don kowane dige ya bambanta daga 2.1 V (m) zuwa 2.6 V (m) a gudun gaba (If) na 20 mA. Gudun baya (Ir) don kowane dige shine matsakaicin 100 μA a ƙarfin lantarki na baya (Vr) na 5 V. Matsakaicin daidaiton ƙarfin haske (Iv-m) tsakanin dige-dige shine 1.8:1 matsakaici, yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a faɗin nunin. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ana auna ƙarfin haske ta amfani da na'urar firikwensin da tacewa wanda ke kusantar da lanƙwasa amsawar ido na CIE photopic.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba

Takardar bayanin ta nuna cewa an rarraba LTP-7357JD don ƙarfin haske. Wannan yana nuna tsarin rarraba ko rarrabuwa bisa ga aunanniyar fitar da haske.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken

Duk da yake ba a lissafta takamaiman lambobin kwandon a cikin abin da aka cire ba, ƙayyadaddun kewayon (500-1200 μcd) yana nuna cewa ana gwada na'urori da rarraba su bisa ga ainihin ƙarfin haske da aka auna lokacin da aka motsa su a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji na yau da kullun (Ip=32mA, 1/16 Duty). Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika mafi ƙarancin buƙatun haske don aikace-aikacen su, wanda zai iya shafar farashi da samuwa. Daidaito a cikin kwandon yana tabbatar da kamanni iri ɗaya a cikin nunin raka'a da yawa.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanin ta ƙunshi sashe don lanƙwasa halaye na lantarki da na gani na yau da kullun. Waɗannan jadawali suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi marasa daidaito.

4.1 Bayanan Lanƙwasa da Ake Nufi

Ko da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani game da takamaiman lanƙwasa a cikin rubutun ba, yawan zane-zane don irin waɗannan na'urorin zai haɗa da Gudun Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (lanƙwasa I-V), wanda ke nuna alaƙar da ba ta da layi kuma yana taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'irar iyakance gudun. Lanƙwasa Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Gudun Gaba suna nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da gudun, sau da yawa a cikin yanayin ƙasa da layi a manyan gudun saboda tasirin dumama. Lanƙwasa Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi suna nuna raguwar fitar da haske yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga wurare masu zafi sosai. Zane-zanen rarraba bakan zai kwatanta tattarawar fitilar da ke kewaye da kololuwar tsayin zango da manyan tsayin zango.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

Ginin zahiri na nunin yana ƙayyade dacewar hawa da ƙarfin gaba ɗaya.

5.1 Girman Kunshin da Tolerances

An ba da girman kunshin na'urar a cikin cikakken zane (wanda aka ambata amma ba a nuna a cikin rubutu ba). Duk girmansu an ƙayyade su a cikin milimita. Matsakaicin jurewa na gabaɗaya don waɗannan girmansu shine ±0.25 mm (daidai da ±0.01 inches) sai dai idan takamaiman bayanin fasali ya nuna in ba haka ba. Dole ne masu ƙira su koma ga wannan zane don daidaitattun tsarin ramuka, tsayin gabaɗaya, da tazarar jagora don ƙirar sawun PCB daidai.

5.2 Haɗin Fil da Polarity

LTP-7357JD yana da tsarin fil 12. Filout kamar haka ne: Fil 1: Cathode Column 1, Fil 2: Anode Row 3, Fil 3: Cathode Column 2, Fil 4: Anode Row 5, Fil 5: Anode Row 6, Fil 6: Anode Row 7, Fil 7: Cathode Column 4, Fil 8: Cathode Column 5, Fil 9: Anode Row 4, Fil 10: Cathode Column 3, Fil 11: Anode Row 2, Fil 12: Anode Row 1. Wannan tsari yana sauƙaƙe tsarin haɗakarwa na X-Y (row-column). Gano daidai fil ɗin anode da cathode yana da mahimmanci don hana karkatar da baya da tabbatar da aiki mai kyau.

5.3 Zanen Da'irar Ciki

Zanen da'irar ciki (wanda aka ambata) yana bayyana tsarin matrix na fitilun LED 35 (ginshiƙai 5 x layuka 7). An haɗa anode na kowane LED zuwa layin layi, kuma an haɗa cathode ɗinsa zuwa layin ginshiƙi. Don haskaka takamaiman dige, dole ne a motsa layin layin da ya dace sama (anode tabbatacce) yayin da ake motsa layin ginshiƙi ƙasa (cathode ƙasa), tare da iyakance gudun da ya dace. Wannan gine-ginen cathode gama gari a kowane ginshiƙi shine ma'auni don nunin da aka haɗa.

6. Jagororin Gishiri da Taro

Kulawa daidai yayin taro yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye ingancin na'urar da aiki.

6.1 Ma'auni na Tsarin Gishiri

Matsakaicin ƙimar iyaka ya ƙayyade iyakar zafin gishiri: 260°C matsakaici na matsakaicin dakika 3, wanda aka auna 1.6mm (1/16 inch) ƙasa da matakin wurin zama. An yi nufin wannan jagora don tsarin gishiri na igiyar ruwa ko sake kunnawa gishiri. Don sake kunnawa gishiri, dole ne a sarrafa cikakken bayanin zafin jiki (dumama, jika, kololuwar sake kunnawa, sanyaya) don tabbatar da cewa kunshin da haɗin wayoyi na ciki ba su fuskantar girgizar zafi ko wuce gona da iri lokaci sama da ruwa.

6.2 Kulawa da Matakan Kariya na Ajiya

Ko da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani ba, yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) na yau da kullun lokacin sarrafa nunin LED, saboda haɗin gwiwar semiconductor na iya zama mai hankali. Ajiya ya kamata ya kasance a cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon zafin jiki na -35°C zuwa +85°C a cikin yanayi mai ƙarancin zafi don hana ɗaukar danshi da yuwuwar bugun gasa yayin gishiri.

7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

LTP-7357JD ya dace da aikace-aikacen nunin da aka haɗa iri-iri.

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Amfanin gama gari ya haɗa da nunin yanayi akan kayan aikin masana'antu (misali, karatun zafin jiki, lambobin kuskure), karatun haruffa akan na'urorin likita, saƙon sauki akan kayan amfanin gida, da kuma a matsayin wani ɓangare na manyan nunin da aka raba a cikin kantin sayar da kayayyaki ko rumfunan bayanai. Dacewarta da daidaitattun lambobin haruffa ya sa ya dace don nuna saƙonnin rubutu daga microcontroller.

7.2 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da Ƙira da Aiwar Da'ira

Dole ne masu ƙira su aiwatar da da'irar direba mai haɗakarwa. Wannan yawanci ya ƙunshi microcontroller tare da isassun fil ɗin I/O ko na'urorin direba na LED na musamman waɗanda ke iya nutsewa/nutse gudun don ginshiƙai da tushen gudun don layuka. Resistors masu iyakance gudun suna wajibi ne ga kowane layin ginshiƙi ko layi (dangane da tsarin direba) don saita gudun gaba na kowane sashi na LED. Zagayowar aiki 1/16 da aka ambata a cikin yanayin gwaji yana nuna haɗakar binary 4-bit (2^4=16 jihohi), wanda shine hanyar gama gari don matrix 5x7, sau da yawa yana duba layuka 4 a lokaci guda ko amfani da haɗin duba layi da ginshiƙi. Dole ne ƙimar sabuntawa ta kasance mai girma sosai (yawanci >60 Hz) don guje wa flicker da ake iya gani. Yakamata a yi la'akari da ɓarkewar zafi idan ana aiki kusa da matsakaicin ƙimar, musamman a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma.

8. Kwatancin Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

LTP-7357JD yana ba da takamaiman fa'idodi a cikin rukunin samfurinsa.

8.1 Masu Bambancewa Mafi Muhimmanci

Babban mai bambancewa shine amfani da fasahar LED ta AlInGaP. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LED na GaAsP ko GaP, AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen inganci mai haske sosai, yana haifar da nunin masu haske a gudun guda ko kuma haske iri ɗaya a ƙarancin wutar lantarki. Haɗin fuskar toka/farin dige yana ba da kamanni na ƙwararru da bambanci mai girma. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana da amfani ga aikace-aikacen da mai amfani bazai kasance kai tsaye a gaban nunin ba. Rarrabuwa ta ƙarfin haske yana ba da matakin sarrafa inganci da sassaucin zaɓi ba koyaushe ake samunsa a cikin nunin asali ba.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha

Ga amsoshin ga tambayoyin ƙira na gama gari waɗanda aka samo daga takardar bayanin.

Q: Menene manufar zagayowar aiki 1/16 a cikin yanayin gwajin ƙarfin haske?

A: Yana kwaikwayon tsarin tuƙi mai haɗakarwa inda kowane LED ke samun wutar lantarki kawai na 1/16 na jimlar lokacin dubawa. Ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin haske shine matsakaicin ƙimar da ido ke gani a ƙarƙashin wannan yanayi. Dole ne ku yi amfani da haɗakarwa ko irin wannan zagayowar aiki don cimma wannan haske ba tare da wuce matsakaicin ƙimar gudun ba.

Q: Shin zan iya motsa fitilun LED tare da ci gaba da gudun DC maimakon haɗakarwa?

A: A fasaha a, amma dole ne ku tabbatar da ci gaba da gudun gaba a kowane dige bai wuce matsakaicin ƙimar 13 mA a 25°C ba (kuma dole ne a rage shi don yanayin zafi mafi girma). Wannan zai buƙaci tashoshi masu zaman kansu 35 masu iyakance gudun, wanda ba shi da inganci. Haɗakarwa shine aikace-aikacen da ake nufi kuma mafi inganci.

Q: Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba shine 2.1-2.6V. Wane ƙarfin wutar lantarki nake buƙata?

A: Dole ne ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya fi matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan resistor ɗin ku na iyakance gudun da da'irar direba. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gama gari don irin waɗannan nunin shine 5V, wanda ke ba da isasshen sararin sama.

Q: Menene ma'anar \"matsakaicin daidaiton ƙarfin haske na 1.8:1\"?

A: Yana nufin cewa mafi haske dige a cikin matrix ba zai fi haske fiye da sau 1.8 fiye da mafi duhu dige a ƙarƙashin yanayin tuƙi iri ɗaya. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton daidai a faɗin harafin da aka nuna.

10. Nazarin Aikin Aiki na Aiki

Yi la'akari da ƙira mai sauƙi na nunin harafi guda ɗaya don thermostat mai tushen microcontroller. Manufar ita ce nuna saitin zafin jiki daga 0 zuwa 9.

Matakan Ƙira:1. An shirya microcontroller (misali, ATmega328P) tare da bayanan font don lambobi 0-9 a cikin tsarin bitmap 5x7. 2. An saita fil ɗin I/O 5 a matsayin direbobin ginshiƙi (an haɗa su da cathodes, masu iya nutsewa gudun). An saita fil ɗin I/O 7 a matsayin direbobin layi (an haɗa su da anodes, masu iya samar da gudun). 3. An sanya resistors masu iyakance gudun akan layukan ginshiƙi. An ƙididdige ƙimar resistor bisa ga ƙarfin wutar lantarki (misali, 5V), ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED (~2.5V), da kuma matsakaicin gudun da ake so (misali, 32mA don cikakken haske): R = (5V - 2.5V) / 0.032A ≈ 78 ohms. Ana iya amfani da resistor na yau da kullun 75 ko 82 ohm. 4. Firmware yana aiwatar da tsarin dubawa. Yana saita layin layi ɗaya sama (yana kunna anodes don wancan layin), sannan ya sanya tsarin wancan layin akan layukan ginshiƙi biyar (ƙasa don kunna dige, babu ƙarfi ko sama don kashewa). Yana jira ɗan gajeren lokaci (misali, 1-2 ms), sannan ya matsawa zuwa layi na gaba. Duba duk layuka 7 a cikin ~14ms yana cimma ƙimar sabuntawa >70 Hz, yana kawar da flicker. 5. Nunin yana nuna lamba mai tsayayye, mai haske wanda ke nuna zafin jiki.

11. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Aiki

LTP-7357JD yana aiki bisa ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗin gwiwar p-n semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin kunna diode (kusan 2.1-2.6V don wannan kayan AlInGaP) a kan kowane LED, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke ciki (AlInGaP) yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap don haka tsayin zango (launi) na fitilar da aka fitar, a wannan yanayin, ja (~640-656 nm). Tsarin matrix 5x7 tsarin magancewa ne wanda ke rage adadin fil ɗin sarrafa da ake buƙata daga 35 (daya kowane LED) zuwa 12 (layuka 7 + ginshiƙai 5) ta hanyar haɗakarwa. Ta hanyar jujjuyawar cikin sauri ta cikin layuka da gabatar da bayanan ginshiƙi masu dacewa ga kowane layi, dagewar gani na idon ɗan adam yana haɗa tsarin zuwa cikin ingantaccen hoto, da alama a tsaye.

12. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

LTP-7357JD yana wakiltar fasaha mai girma bisa ga AlInGaP, wanda ya kasance babban ci gaba akan tsofaffin kayan LED ja. Trends na yanzu a fasahar nunin sun fi matsawa zuwa nunin matrix dot mai yawan girma, cikakkun tsarin OLED ko LCD, da na'urorin LED na SMD don matrix ɗin da aka gishiri kai tsaye. Duk da haka, kayan hawa kamar haka sun kasance masu dacewa don ƙirar ƙira, dalilai na ilimi, kasuwannin gyara, da aikace-aikacen da ake daraja ingantaccen aminci da sauƙi akan yawan pixel ko iyawar launi. Fasahar LED ta asali tana ci gaba da haɓaka, tare da ci gaba da bincike kan kayan kamar GaN-on-Si don rage farashi da ingantattun inganci a faɗin bakan, amma ƙa'idodin haɗakarwa na asali don nunin matrix sun kasance masu daidaito.