Takardun Bayanan LED LTP-1557AKR - Tsayin Matrix 1.2 Inch (30.42mm) - AlInGaP Super Red - Tsararrun Digo 5x7 - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Duba Samfurin

LTP-1557AKR na'urar nuni ce ta lamba ɗaya, mai nuna haruffa da lambobi, wacce aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar fitar da haruffa masu haske da aminci. Babban abin da ya ƙunshi shi ne tsararrun fitilun LED (Light-Emitting Diodes) guda 5 a layi da 7 a jere (5x7), wanda ke ba da ƙayyadaddun ƙima don nuna haruffan ASCII da EBCDIC. Yankin nunin yana da tsayin matrix 1.2-inch (30.42 mm), yana ba da kyakkyawan karantawa. An gina na'urar da fuskar launin toka da launin farin digo, wanda ke haɓaka bambanci da karantawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban.

Babbar fasahar da ke haifar da fitar da haske ita ce guntun LED na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) Super Red. An ƙera waɗannan guntu a kan wani abu marar gani na Gallium Arsenide (GaAs). Fasahar AlInGaP sananniya ce saboda ingantacciyar aiki da kyakkyawan launi a cikin bakan ja-orange-yellow, wanda ya sa wannan nuni ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ake son fitar da ja mai haske.

Wani muhimmin siffa na aiki shi ne tsarin zaɓin X-Y. Maimakon a yi magana da kowane digo 35, nuni yana amfani da tsarin matrix inda an haɗa anodes a jere kuma an haɗa cathodes a cikin ginshiƙai (ko akasin haka). Wannan yana rage yawan ƙusoshin direba da ake buƙata daga 35 zuwa 12 (5 jere + 7 ginshiƙai), yana sauƙaƙa da'irar haɗin kai da buƙatun mai sarrafawa. An kuma tsara na'urar don ta zama mai tarawa a kwance, yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar nunin haruffa da yawa ta hanyar sanya raka'a da yawa a gefe.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Manufa

Nuni yana ba da fa'idodi daban-daban ga masu ƙira na tsarin. Ƙarancin buƙatun wutar lantarki ya sa ya dace da na'urorin da ke amfani da baturi ko masu kula da makamashi. Ingantaccen aminci na LED, ba tare da sassa masu motsi ba kuma yana da juriya ga girgiza da rawar jiki, yana tabbatar da dogon rayuwar aiki. Fadin kusurwar kallo da tsarin fili ɗaya suna ba da ganuwa mai daidaito daga mahanga daban-daban. Bugu da ƙari, an rarrabu don ƙarfin haske, ma'ana ana rarraba raka'o'i kuma ana sayar da su bisa ga takamaiman kewayon haske, yana ba da damar daidaito a cikin aikace-aikacen nuni da yawa ko lokacin da daidaitawar haske ke da mahimmanci.

Babban kasuwannin da aka yi niyya don wannan nuni sun haɗa da kayan aikin masana'antu, kayan aikin gwaji da aunawa, tashoshin sayar da kayayyaki, tsofaffin hanyoyin haɗin kwamfuta, da kowane tsarin da ke buƙatar karatun haruffa mai sauƙi, ƙarfi, da haske. Dacewarsa da lambobin haruffa na yau da kullun yana ba da damar haɗawa cikin sauƙi tare da microcontrollers da tsarin dijital.

2. Fassarar Maƙasudin Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hoto da Na Gani

An ayyana aikin gani a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayin gwaji a yanayin zafin jiki (Ta) na 25°C. Babban ma'auni shine Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V), wanda yake da ƙimar al'ada na 3800 µcd (microcandelas) kuma mafi ƙarancin 2100 µcd lokacin da aka tuka shi da babban ƙarfin lantarki (I_p) na 80mA tare da zagayowar aiki 1/16. Wannan ma'auni yana kusanta da lanƙwan amsawar ido na CIE photopic, yana tabbatar da cewa ƙimar tana da alaƙa da hasken da ake gani.

An ayyana halayen launi ta hanyar tsawon raƙuman ruwa. Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Fitowa (λ_p) yawanci 639 nm ne, yana sanya shi a cikin ɓangaren ja mai haske na bakan. Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa (λ_d) yawanci 631 nm ne. Bambanci tsakanin kololuwar tsawon raƙuman ruwa da na yau da kullun na al'ada ne ga LEDs kuma yana da alaƙa da siffar bakan fitarwa. Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ) yawanci 20 nm ne, yana nuna tsaftar bakan ko kewayon tsawon raƙuman ruwa da aka fitar a kusa da kololuwa.

Wani muhimmin ƙayyadaddun bayani don tabbatar da kamanni iri ɗaya shine Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V-m), wanda shine 2:1 matsakaici. Wannan yana nufin cewa mafi hasken digo a cikin tsararrun ba zai fi haske sau biyu fiye da mafi duhun digo ba a ƙarƙashin yanayin tuƙi iri ɗaya, wanda ke karɓuwa don karatun haruffa.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki

Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) don kowane digo na LED guda ɗaya, wanda aka auna a ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (I_F) na 20mA, yana kewayo daga mafi ƙarancin 2.0V zuwa matsakaicin 2.6V, tare da ƙimar al'ada da aka nuna a cikin wannan kewayon. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da aka haskaka shi. Ƙarfin lantarki na baya (I_R) an ƙayyade shi azaman matsakaicin 100 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (V_R) na 5V, yana nuna halayen ɓarna na na'urar a yanayin kashewa.

2.3 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙima da La'akari da Zafi

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin da za a iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin. Matsakaicin Ragewar Wutar Lantarki kowane Digo bai kamata ya wuce 33 mW ba. Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba kowane Digo an ƙididdige shi a 90 mA, amma kawai a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayin bugun jini: zagayowar aiki 1/10 da faɗin bugun jini 0.1 ms. Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba kowane Digo yana da ƙimar tushe na 13 mA a 25°C kuma yana raguwa a layi da ƙimar 0.17 mA/°C yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru sama da 25°C. Wannan raguwa yana da mahimmanci ga sarrafa zafi da aminci na dogon lokaci.

Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya kowane Digo shine 5V. An ƙididdige na'urar don Kewayon Zafin Aiki na -35°C zuwa +85°C da kuma irin wannan Kewayon Zafin Ajiya. Don haɗawa, zafin solder bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba fiye da dakika 3, wanda aka auna a wani batu 1.6mm ƙasa da matakin zama na jikin fakiti.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Takardun bayanan ta bayyana a sarari cewa na'urar an rarraba ta don ƙarfin haske. Wannan tsari ne na rarrabawa inda ake gwada raka'o'in da aka kera kuma a raba su cikin ƙungiyoyi bisa ga hasken da aka auna a ƙarƙashin ka'idoji na yau da kullun. Wannan yana ba abokan ciniki damar zaɓar sassa tare da tabbaccen mafi ƙarancin haske ko don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin duk nunin da ke cikin samfur, yana hana wani harafi ya bayyana a fili ya fi wani duhu a cikin tsarin raka'a da yawa. Yayin da takardun bayanan ke ba da cikakken kewayon (2100-3800 µcd min/typ), sassan da aka oda yawanci za su faɗi cikin ƙunƙuntaccen rumbun da aka ƙayyade.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwan Aiki

Takardun bayanan tana nuni ga Lanƙwan Halayen Lantarki/Hoto na Al'ada. Duk da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani game da takamaiman lanƙwan ba a cikin rubutun da aka bayar, irin waɗannan lanƙwan a cikin takardun bayanan LED yawanci sun haɗa da:

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (I_F-V_F Lanƙwa): Yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta layi tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki da ƙarfin lantarki, wanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance ƙarfin lantarki.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (I_V-I_F Lanƙwa): Yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin lantarki, yawanci a cikin yanki na layi kafin inganci ya ragu a ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi sosai.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Zafin Jiki (I_V-T_a Lanƙwa): Yana nuna raguwar fitar da haske yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi, yana nuna mahimmancin sarrafa zafi.
• Lanƙwan Rarraba Bakan: Jadawali da ke tsara ƙarfin da ya dace da tsawon raƙuman ruwa, yana ayyana kololuwa (λ_p) da rabin faɗi (Δλ) a gani.

Waɗannan lanƙwan suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba na ka'ida ba da don inganta sigogin tuƙi don takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikace.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakiti

Na'urar ta zo a cikin daidaitaccen fakitin nunin LED. Zane na Girman Fakiti yana ba da duk mahimman bayanan injiniya, ko da yake ba a lissafa ainihin girmansa a cikin rubutu ba. Matsakaicin juriya gabaɗaya ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade in ba haka ba. Zanen zai haɗa da tsayin gabaɗaya, faɗi, da tsayi, tazarar jagora, da matsayin taga nunin.

5.1 Haɗin Ƙusa da Da'irar Ciki

Nuni yana da hanyar haɗin ƙusa 14. Tsarin ƙusa kamar haka ne: Ƙusa 1: Anode Jere 5; Ƙusa 2: Anode Jere 7; Ƙusa 3: Cathode Ginshiƙi 2; Ƙusa 4: Cathode Ginshiƙi 3; Ƙusa 5: Anode Jere 4; Ƙusa 6: Cathode Ginshiƙi 5; Ƙusa 7: Anode Jere 6; Ƙusa 8: Anode Jere 3; Ƙusa 9: Anode Jere 1; Ƙusa 10: Cathode Ginshiƙi 4; Ƙusa 11: Cathode Ginshiƙi 3 (Lura: Ginshiƙi 3 ya bayyana akan ƙusoshi biyu, 4 da 11, waɗanda ƙila an haɗa su a ciki ko kuskuren takardu yana buƙatar tabbatarwa); Ƙusa 12: Anode Jere 4 (Lura: Jere 4 ya bayyana akan ƙusoshi 5 da 12); Ƙusa 13: Cathode Ginshiƙi 1; Ƙusa 14: Anode Jere 2.

TheZanen Da'irar Ciki zai wakilta matrix 5x7 a gani, yana nuna yadda anodes 5 na jere da cathodes 7 na ginshiƙi ke haɗa digo 35 na LED guda ɗaya. Wannan zane yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar jerin tuƙi mai yawa.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Babban ƙayyadaddun haɗawa shine bayanin solder. Na'urar na iya jurewa matsakaicin zafin solder na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3. An ɗauki wannan ma'auni a wani batu 1.6mm (1/16 inch) ƙasa da matakin zama na jikin fakiti. Wannan jagora yana da mahimmanci don solder na igiyar ruwa ko matakan sake kunnawa don hana lalacewar zafi ga guntun LED ko haɗin gwiwa na ciki. Yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) na yau da kullun yayin sarrafawa. Don ajiya, yakamata a kiyaye ƙayyadaddun kewayon -35°C zuwa +85°C a cikin yanayi mai bushewa.

7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Wannan nuni ya dace da kowane aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karatun haruffa da lambobi guda ɗaya, mai haske. Misalai sun haɗa da: mitocin panel na dijital don ƙarfin lantarki, ƙarfin lantarki, ko zafin jiki; saitin nunin akan masu sarrafa masana'antu; alamomin yanayi akan kayan aikin hanyar sadarwa ko na wayar tarho; allunan maki ko na'urorin ƙidayar lokaci; da nunin bincike akan kayan aikin likita ko gwaji.

7.2 La'akari da Ƙira

• Da'irar Tuƙi: Ana buƙatar microcontroller tare da isassun ƙusoshin I/O ko takamaiman IC direban nunin LED (kamar MAX7219 ko makamancinsa) don aiwatar da haɗakarwa. Dole ne direban ya zubar da / ya samar da ƙarfin lantarki mai mahimmanci (har zuwa 80mA kowane digo mai bugun jini, amma matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki ya yi ƙasa sosai saboda zagayowar aiki).
• Iyakance Ƙarfin Lantarki: Dole ne a yi amfani da resistors masu iyakance ƙarfin lantarki na waje don kowane jere na anode ko ginshiƙi na cathode (bisa ga tsarin tuƙi) don saita ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da kare LEDs.
• Lokacin Haɗakarwa: Dole ne ƙimar sabuntawa da zagayowar aiki su kasance masu girma sosai don guje wa kallon flicker. Zagayowar aiki 1/16, kamar yadda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin yanayin gwaji, na kowa ne. Dole ne a daidaita ƙarfin lantarki na kololuwa ta yadda matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki da ɓarnawar wutar lantarki kowane digo su kasance cikin iyaka.
• Sarrafa Zafi: Tabbatar cewa an rage matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki yadda ya kamata idan ana sa ran yanayin zafin jiki na aiki ya wuce 25°C sosai. Ƙila ya zama dole a sami isasshen tagulla na PCB ko iska.
• Hanyar Haɗin Gani: Yi la'akari da buƙatar tacewa, masu watsawa, ko tagogi masu kariya a cikin ƙirar samfurin ƙarshe.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar na'urorin hasken wuta ko nunin filasha (VFDs), wannan nunin LED yana ba da mafi girman juriya ga girgiza/rawar jiki, ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki na aiki, saurin amsawa, da yuwuwar dogon rayuwa. Idan aka kwatanta da na zamani na zane na OLED ko LCD, yana da sauƙi, mafi ƙarfi a cikin yanayi mai tsauri, yana ba da mafi kyawun haske da kusurwar kallo, kuma yana buƙatar ƙananan na'urorin sarrafawa na lantarki, ko da yake yana iyakance ga siffofin haruffa da aka ƙayyade.

A cikin dangin nunin LED, amfani da fasahar AlInGaP Super Red ya bambanta shi da daidaitattun LEDs ja na GaAsP ko GaP ta hanyar ba da ingantacciyar aiki da mafi kyawun jikewa. Takamaiman tsayin 1.2-inch da tsarin 5x7 sun sa ya zama daidaitaccen maye gurbin sassa don yawancin tsofaffin tsarin.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi Bisa Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

Q: Shin zan iya tuka wannan nuni tare da ƙarfin lantarki na DC akai-akai akan kowane digo?

A: A fasaha a'a, amma zai buƙaci direbobi masu zaman kansu 35, wanda ba shi da amfani. An tsara ƙirar matrix don tuƙi mai yawa (X-Y) don rage yawan ƙusoshin.

Q: Me yasa ƙarfin lantarki na kololuwa (90mA) ya fi girma sosai fiye da ƙimar matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki (13mA)?

A: Saboda an haɗa nuni, kowane digo yana samun wutar lantarki ne kawai na ɗan lokaci (zagayowar aiki). Ƙarfin lantarki na kololuwa yayin ɗan gajeren lokacinsa na "kunne" na iya zama mafi girma don cimma hasken da ake so, muddin matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki a tsawon lokaci ya kasance cikin iyakar 13mA don hana yin zafi sosai.

Q: Me yake nufi da matsakaicin daidaitawar ƙarfi 2:1 ga aikace-aikacena?

A: Yana nufin wasu bambance-bambance a cikin hasken digo na al'ada ne. Don nunin haruffa, wannan ɗan bambanci yawanci ba a gan shi da ido kuma baya shafar karantawa. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar cikakkiyar daidaito, zaɓin sassa daga rumbu mai ƙarfi ko amfani da masu watsawa na gani na iya zama dole.

Q: Ta yaya zan iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki da ake buƙata?

A: Kuna buƙatar ƙarfin lantarki na wadata (V_CC), ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da ake so (I_F), da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED (V_F). Yi amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_CC - V_F) / I_F. Ku tuna I_F a nan shine ƙarfin lantarki na kololuwa yayin lokacin aiki na digo a cikin zagayowar haɗakarwa.

10. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Yi la'akari da ƙirar ma'aunin zafi na dijital mai sauƙi. Microcontroller yana karanta na'urar firikwensin zafin jiki, yana aiwatar da lissafi, kuma yana buƙatar nuna ƙimar lambobi 3 (misali, "23.5"). Ana iya tarawa da nunin LTP-1557AKR guda uku a kwance. Microcontroller, ta amfani da IC direban nuni, zai haɗa nunin uku. Zai canza ƙimar lambobi zuwa daidaitattun siffofin font 5x7 don lambobi, maki goma, da alamar digiri. IC direban zai kunna jere da ginshiƙai daidai ga kowane nuni a cikin sauri, yana haifar da tunanin karatu mai tsayayye, mai ci gaba da haske. LEDs ja na AlInGaP za su tabbatar cewa ana iya ganin karatu a fili ko da a cikin yanayi mai haske.

11. Gabatarwar Ƙa'idar Aiki

Nuni yana aiki bisa ka'idar haɗakar matrix na LED. A ciki, an shirya LEDs 35 masu zaman kansu a cikin grid. Duk anodes na LED a cikin wani jere an haɗa su tare, kuma duk cathodes a cikin wani ginshiƙi an haɗa su tare. Don haskaka takamaiman digo a mahadar Jere X da Ginshiƙi Y, ana amfani da ƙarfin lantarki mai kyau ga Jere X yayin da Ginshiƙi Y ke haɗe zuwa ƙasa (don tsarin cathode na gama-gari, wanda wannan ya bayyana ya dogara da tsarin ƙusa). Ta hanyar bincika kowane jere cikin sauri da kunna ginshiƙai masu dacewa don tsarin wannan jere, ana iya haskaka duk digo a cikin siffar haruffa da ake so a cikin jerin gwano wanda idon ɗan adam ke ganinsa azaman hoto mai tsayayye. Wannan hanyar tana rage yawan layukan sarrafawa daga 35 zuwa 12.

12. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

Nuni kamar LTP-1557AKR suna wakiltar fasaha mai girma, amintacce. Duk da yake nunin matrix mai ƙayyadaddun ƙima da zane na OLED/LCD sun mamaye hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa na zamani, nunin haruffa na LED masu zaman kansu sun kasance masu dacewa a cikin takamaiman fage. Fa'idodinsu ba su da rauni: matuƙar ƙarfi, faɗin kewayon zafin aiki, babban haske, ƙarancin farashi don ayyuka masu sauƙi, da sauƙin haɗin gwiwa. Trend a cikin wannan fage yana zuwa ga LEDs masu inganci (kamar AlInGaP da aka yi amfani da shi a nan), fakiti na saman-mount don haɗawa ta atomatik, da haɗawa tare da mafi sauƙi na masu sarrafawa (misali, I2C ko SPI). Ba za a iya maye gurbinsu a cikin aikace-aikacen da ƙarfin muhalli da aminci na dogon lokaci a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsauri suke zama babban abin damuwa fiye da sassauƙan zane.