Takardar Bayani na LTP-1557AKY LED Dot Matrix Display - Tsawon 1.2 inch (30.42mm) - AlInGaP Amber Yellow - Tsari 5x7 - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTP-1557AKY na'urar nuni ce ta lambobi da haruffa guda ɗaya wacce aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar fitarwa mai tsabta da karantawa. Aikin sa na asali shine wakilcin bayanai ta hanyar gidan fitilun diode masu haske (LEDs) waɗanda za a iya magana da su da kansu.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Wannan na'urar tana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci da yawa waɗanda suka sa ta dace da aikace-aikace iri-iri na masana'antu da na kasuwanci. Fitattun siffofin sa sun haɗa da tsawon harafi na 1.2-inch (30.42 mm), wanda ke ba da kyakkyawan gani daga nesa. Amfani da fasahar semiconductor na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don guntun LED na rawaya yana haifar da ingantaccen ingancin haske da launi na musamman, mai sauƙin gane shi. Nunin yana aiki tare da ƙarancin buƙatun wutar lantarki, yana haɓaka ingancin makamashi a cikin aikace-aikacen ƙarshe. Yana ba da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi saboda ginin jirgin sama guda ɗaya, yana tabbatar da cewa ana iya karanta bayanan da aka nuna daga matsayi daban-daban. Ƙirar ƙwaƙƙwaran LED tana ba da garantin ingantaccen dogaro da tsawon rayuwar aiki ba tare da sassa masu motsi ba. Na'urar ta dace da lambobin haruffa na yau da kullun kamar USASCII da EBCDIC, yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa cikin tsarin dijital. Bugu da ƙari, an ƙera raka'o'in don su zama masu tara a kwance, yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar nunin haruffa da yawa. An kuma rarraba nunin don ƙarfin haske, yana ba da daidaito a cikin haske a cikin rukunin samarwa. Kasuwannin da ake nufi don wannan ɓangaren sun haɗa da allunan sarrafa masana'antu, kayan aikin kayan aiki, tashoshin siyarwa, kayan aikin likita, da kowane tsarin da aka haɗa wanda ke buƙatar ingantaccen, amintaccen hanyar sadarwa ta nunin haruffa.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani Mai Ma'ana

Aikin LTP-1557AKY an bayyana shi ta hanyar saiti na ma'auni na lantarki, na gani, da na muhalli waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira daidai da aikace-aikace.

2.1 Halayen Hasken Gani da Na'urar Gani

Aikin gani shine tsakiyar aikinsa. Matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin haske (Iv) kowane ɗigo shine 3800 µcd (microcandelas) a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji na kololuwar halin yanzu (Ip) na 80mA tare da zagayowar aiki 1/16. Ƙimar mafi ƙarancin da aka ƙayyade ita ce 2100 µcd. An ƙayyade ma'aunin daidaitawar ƙarfin haske tsakanin ɗigogi a matsakaicin 2:1, yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin nunin. An bayyana launi ta hanyar tsawon zangonsa. Matsakaicin tsayin zangon fitarwa (λp) yawanci shine 595 nanometers (nm), yana sanya shi a cikin yankin rawaya-rawaya na bakan gani. Tsawon zango mai rinjaye (λd) yawanci shine 592 nm. Ramin rabin layin bakan (Δλ) yawanci shine 15 nm, yana nuna tsarkin bakan ko faɗin bandejin hasken da aka fitar. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ana auna ƙarfin haske ta amfani da haɗin firikwensin da tacewa wanda ke kusantar da'irar amsawar ido na photopic (CIE), yana tabbatar da cewa ƙimar suna da alaƙa da hangen nesa na ɗan adam.

2.2 Ma'auni na Lantarki

Halayen lantarki suna bayyana yanayin aiki da iyakoki. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf) don kowane ɗigon LED guda ɗaya (a cikin shigarwar halin yanzu na 20mA) yana da ƙimar al'ada na 2.6V, tare da matsakaicin 2.6V da mafi ƙarancin 2.05V. Juyawar halin yanzu (Ir) don kowane ɗigo, lokacin da aka yi amfani da juyawar ƙarfin lantarki (Vr) na 5V, tana da matsakaicin ƙimar 100 µA. Waɗannan ma'auni suna da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakancewar halin yanzu da dacewa da tabbatar da ingancin siginar.

2.3 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar da La'akari da Zafi

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ƙayyade iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki kowane ɗigo bai kamata ya wuce 25 mW ba. Matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba kowane ɗigo an ƙididdige shi a 60 mA, amma kawai a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayi na bugun jini: zagayowar aiki 1/10 tare da faɗin bugun jini na 0.1 ms. Matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba kowane ɗigo yana da ƙimar raguwa; yana da 13 mA a 25°C kuma yana raguwa da layi ta 0.17 mA ga kowane digiri Celsius na haɓakar yanayin yanayi. Matsakaicin juyawar ƙarfin lantarki da za a iya amfani da shi ga kowane ɗigo shine 5V. An ƙididdige na'urar don kewayon zafin aiki na -35°C zuwa +85°C, da kuma irin wannan kewayon zafin ajiya. Don haɗawa, matsakaicin zafin solder shine 260°C, amma wannan yakamata a yi amfani da shi na matsakaicin dakika 3 a wani wuri 1.6mm (1/16 inch) ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na ɓangaren don hana lalacewar zafi.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Takardar bayani tana nuna cewa an rarraba na'urori don ƙarfin haske. Wannan aikin binning ne na gama gari a cikin masana'antar LED don rarraba abubuwan haɗin gwiwa bisa ga aikin da aka auna. Duk da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani game da takamaiman lambobin kwandon a cikin wannan ɓangaren ba, aikin yawanci ya ƙunshi gwajin fitowar hasken kowane naúrar a daidaitaccen halin yanzu da rarraba su cikin kwandon tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙananan da matsakaicin iyakokin ƙarfi (misali, Bin A: 3000-3500 µcd, Bin B: 3500-4000 µcd). Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda ke tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin nunin raka'a da yawa. Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙayyadaddun akan ma'aunin daidaitawar ƙarfin haske (2:1 matsakaici) yana ƙara goyan bayan wannan manufar na daidaiton gani.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayani tana nuni ne ga lanƙwasa halayen lantarki/na gani na al'ada, ko da yake ba a nuna su a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba. Dangane da halayen LED na yau da kullun, ana tsammanin za a ga lanƙwasa da ke nuna alaƙa tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba (If) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf), wanda ke da ƙima. Wani muhimmin lanƙwasa zai nuna ƙarfin haske (Iv) a matsayin aikin halin yanzu na gaba (If), yawanci yana nuna alaƙar kusa da layi a cikin kewayon aiki. Lanƙwasa na uku mai mahimmanci zai nuna bambancin ƙarfin haske tare da yanayin yanayi (Ta), yana nuna raguwar fitarwa yayin da zafin jiki ya karu. Waɗannan lanƙwasa suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba na daidaitaccen ba da don haɓaka da'irar tuƙi don inganci da tsawon rai.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

LTP-1557AKY yana zuwa a cikin daidaitaccen kunshin nunin LED. Abun da aka bayar ya ambaci zanen girmamai na kunshin (ba a nuna ba) tare da duk girmansa da aka ƙayyade a cikin millimeters da daidaitattun ƙimar ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an faɗi in ba haka ba. Bayanin zahiri ya bayyana cewa na'urar tana da fuskar launin toka da launin ɗigo fari, wanda ke nufin launin gidan filastik da ruwan tabarau mai yaduwa akan kowane LED, bi da bi, yana haɓaka bambanci.

5.1 Haɗin Pin da Da'irar Ciki

Na'urar tana da tsarin pin 14. An bayyana pinout a sarari: An sanya pins a matsayin anodes don takamaiman layuka (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) da cathodes don takamaiman ginshiƙai (1, 2, 3, 4, 5). Tsarin anode gama gari ne don layuka, ma'ana don haskaka takamaiman ɗigo, dole ne a tuƙi cathode ginshiƙi mai dacewa ƙasa (sink current) yayin da anode layin da ya dace ya kasance babba (tushen halin yanzu). Zanen da'irar ciki (wanda aka ambata amma ba a nuna ba) zai nuna wannan tsari na matrix 5x7, yana nuna yadda aka haɗa kowane LED a mahadar layin layi (anode) da layin ginshiƙi (cathode). Wannan tsarin matrix yana rage yawan tuƙi na tuƙi daga 35 (don ɗigogi da aka keɓance da kansu) zuwa 12 (5 ginshiƙai + 7 layuka).

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Babban jagorar haɗawa da aka bayar yana da alaƙa da zafin solder. Matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar ya ƙayyade cewa zafin solder bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba, kuma wannan zafin yakamata a yi amfani da shi na matsakaicin tsawon lokaci na dakika 3. Ma'anar ma'aunin wannan zafin yana da mahimmanci: yana 1.6mm (1/16 inch) ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na ɓangaren. An yi wannan jagora don hana canja wurin zafi mai yawa zuwa guntu na LED da haɗin waya na ciki, wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewa ko gazawa. Don haɗuwa na zamani, wannan yana nuna cewa na'urar ta dace da hanyoyin sake kunnawa na solder, muddin an sarrafa bayanan zafin jiki a hankali don tsayawa cikin waɗannan iyakoki. Yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) yayin sarrafawa. Hakanan yakamata a bi kewayon zafin ajiya (-35°C zuwa +85°C) lokacin da ba a amfani da na'urori ba.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

LTP-1557AKY ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nuna haruffa lambobi, alamomi, ko zane-zane masu sauƙi. Amfanin gama gari ya haɗa da: nunin yanayi akan injinan masana'antu (nuna lambobin kuskure, yanayin injin, ko ƙididdiga masu sauƙi), karantawa akan kayan aikin gwaji da aunawa, allunan nuni a cikin tsarin siyarwa, nunin bayanai a cikin na'urorin likita, da kuma a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin da aka haɗa a cikin kayan aiki ko na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci. Tarin sa yana ba shi damar amfani da shi don nunin lambobi da yawa kamar agogo, ƙidaya, ko allunan saƙo masu sauƙi.

7.2 La'akari da Ƙira da Mahadar Da'ira

Ƙirar wannan nunin yana buƙatar microcontroller ko keɓaɓɓen direba IC mai iya haɗawa. Tunda nunin matrix ne, yawanci ana kunna layi ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya a cikin sikanin jeri. Dagewar hangen nesa yana haifar da tunanin ingantaccen hoto. Da'irar direba dole ne ta iya samar da isasshen halin yanzu don aikin layin anode kuma ta nutse halin yanzu da ake buƙata don cathodes ginshiƙi mai aiki. Resistors masu iyakancewar halin yanzu suna wajibi ne ga kowane layin cathode ginshiƙi (ko kowane LED, dangane da gine-ginen direba) don saita halin yanzu na aiki, yawanci kusan 20mA kowane ɗigo don ci gaba da aiki, amma ana iya daidaitawa bisa ga hasken da ake so da zagayowar aiki. Dole ne a mutunta ƙimar kololuwar halin yanzu lokacin ƙirar tsarin haɗawa. Misali, tare da zagayowar aiki 1/7 (kunna ɗaya daga cikin layuka bakwai a lokaci guda), halin yanzu na lokaci-lokaci kowane ɗigo na iya zama mafi girma don cimma matsakaicin haske iri ɗaya, amma bai kamata ya wuce ƙimar kololuwar halin yanzu na 60mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini ba. Yakamata a yi la'akari da ɓarkewar zafi idan ana aiki kusa da matsakaicin ƙimar ko a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran fasahohin nuni kamar LCDs ko nunin fluorescent na vacuum (VFDs), wannan LED dot matrix yana ba da fa'idodi na musamman: mafi girman haske da gani a cikin yanayi mara haske da yanayin haske mai girma, mafi faɗin kewayon zafin aiki, saurin amsawa mafi sauri, da mafi ingantaccen dogaro saboda yanayin ƙwaƙƙwaran sa. A cikin nau'in LED dot matrix, amfani da fasahar AlInGaP don rawaya yana ba da inganci mafi kyau da kwanciyar hankali na launi idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP. Takamaiman tsayin 1.2-inch, tsari 5x7, da launin rawaya sun bambanta shi da ƙananan nunin ko manyan nunin, ko waɗanda ke da launuka daban-daban (misali, ja, kore) ko tsarin tsari (misali, 5x8, 8x8).

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha

Q: Menene manufar zagayowar aiki 1/16 da aka ambata a cikin yanayin gwaji na ƙarfin haske?

A: Ana amfani da zagayowar aiki 1/16 (bugun jini gajere) yayin gwaji don hana dumama haɗin LED, wanda zai rage fitarwa. Yana ba da damar auna hasken asali a takamaiman halin yanzu ba tare da tasirin zafi ba. A cikin ainihin aikin haɗawa, ana amfani da irin wannan tuƙin bugun jini.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan nunin tare da daidaitaccen halin yanzu na DC ba tare da haɗawa ba?

A: A fasaha, a, ta kunna kowane ɗigo da ake so akai-akai. Duk da haka, wannan zai buƙaci tashoshi na direba 35 da kansu kuma zai cinye wutar lantarki sosai. Haɗawa shine daidaitaccen hanya mai inganci.

Q: Jerin pin ya nuna pins biyu don "Anode Row 4" (pins 5 da 12) da biyu don "Cathode Column 3" (pins 4 da 11). Shin wannan kuskure ne?

A> Wannan yana yiwuwa ba kuskure ba ne amma fasalin ƙira ne. Pins da yawa don kumburin lantarki iri ɗaya (layi ko ginshiƙi) sun zama ruwan dare a cikin nunin matrix. Suna aiki don rage yawan halin yanzu ta hanyar pin/mai haɗawa guda ɗaya, inganta aminci, da samar da daidaiton injiniya a cikin kunshin. A ciki, waɗannan pins suna haɗuwa tare.

Q: Ta yaya zan iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor mai iyakancewar halin yanzu da ya dace?

A> Kuna buƙatar ƙarfin wutar lantarki (Vcc), halin yanzu na gaba da ake so kowane ɗigo (If, misali, 20mA), da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED (Vf, misali, 2.6V). Tsarin shine R = (Vcc - Vf) / If. Ka tuna cewa a cikin da'irar da aka haɗa, Vcc shine ƙarfin lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi ga aikin layin anode, kuma an sanya resistor a gefen cathode ginshiƙi.

10. Ƙira mai Aiki da Shari'ar Amfani

Yi la'akari da ƙirar ƙididdiga mai sauƙi ta lambobi 4 ta amfani da nunin LTP-1557AKY guda huɗu. Za a tattara nunin a kwance. Za a tsara microcontroller don sarrafa haɗawa. Zai sami pins fitarwa 7 waɗanda aka haɗa zuwa layukan anode na duk nunin a layi daya. Zai sami saiti 4 na pins cathode ginshiƙi 5 (pins 20 gabaɗaya), amma ana iya sarrafa waɗannan ta hanyar rajistar motsi na waje ko masu faɗaɗa tashar don adana microcontroller I/O. Firmware zai kunna kowane layi 7 a jere. Ga kowane layi, zai fitar da tsarin wannan layin don duk lambobi huɗu zuwa direbobin ginshiƙi. Wannan yana faruwa da sauri (misali, sikanin duk layuka 7 sau 100 a cikin dakika) har idon ɗan adam ya ga lamba mai ƙarfi, lambobi huɗu. Za a saita halin yanzu na kowane ginshiƙi ta hanyar resistors don cimma hasken da ake so, la'akari da zagayowar aiki 1/7 kowane ɗigo. Dole ne ƙirar ta tabbatar da cewa kololuwar halin yanzu kowane ɗigo yayin bugun jini mai aiki bai wuce ƙimar 60mA ba.

11. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

LTP-1557AKY yana aiki akan ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗin p-n na semiconductor, musamman ta amfani da kayan AlInGaP. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce kofa na diode, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin yadudduka na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar, a wannan yanayin, rawaya. Tsarin matrix 5x7 ingantaccen tsarin lantarki ne. An haɗa kowane LED tsakanin ɗaya daga cikin layukan layi bakwai (anodes) da ɗaya daga cikin layukan ginshiƙi biyar (cathodes). Ta hanyar zaɓin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki mai kyau zuwa takamaiman layi da ƙasa takamaiman ginshiƙi, kawai LED a wannan mahadar yana kunna. Mai sarrafa yana jujjuya wannan tsari cikin sauri don duk ɗigogi da ake so don samar da haruffa.

12. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

Duk da yake nunin LED dot matrix mai hankali kamar LTP-1557AKY ya kasance mai dacewa don takamaiman, sau da yawa masana'antu, aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar babban haske da ƙarfi, fasahar nuni mai faɗi ta samo asali. Tsarin LED na Surface-mount device (SMD) da haɗaɗɗun nunin LED modules tare da ingantattun masu sarrafawa (I2C, SPI) yanzu sun zama ruwan dare, suna ba da sauƙin haɗawa da mafi girman ƙuduri a cikin ƙananan fakitin. Bugu da ƙari, fasahar LED na Organic (OLED) da micro-LED suna ci gaba don nunin mai yawa, mai sassauƙa. Duk da haka, don buƙatun nunin haruffa masu sauƙi, amintattu, masu rahusa a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, na gargajiya ta hanyar rami LED dot matrices kamar wannan suna ci gaba da zama mafita mai yiwuwa da abin dogaro. Fasahar AlInGaP da aka yi amfani da ita a nan tana wakiltar ci gaba akan tsofaffin kayan LED, tana ba da inganci mafi kyau da aikin launi.