Takardar Bayanin Fasaha ta LTP-14058AKD LED Nunin Tsarin Digo - Tsawon 1.4-inch (35.76mm) - Ja Mai Karfi (650nm) - 40mW a kowace Digo - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTP-14058AKD ƙaramin na'urar nunin tsarin digo ce mai jirgin guda ɗaya, wanda aka ƙera don wakiltar haruffa da lambobi. Babban abin da ke cikinta shi ne tsari na diodes masu haskakawa (LEDs) guda 40, wanda ya ƙunshi ginshiƙai 5 da layuka 8. Tsawon matrix ɗin haruffa an ƙayyade shi a inci 1.4 (milimita 35.76), yana ba da kyakkyawar karantawa. An ƙera na'urar don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar fitar da bayani mai aminci, mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki, tare da faɗin kusurwar kallo.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan na'urar nunin sun samo asali ne daga fasahar LED ta ƙwaƙƙwaran jiki da ƙirar ingantacciya. Muhimman siffofi sun haɗa da ƙarancin buƙatar wutar lantarki, wanda ya sa ya dace da na'urori masu amfani da baturi ko masu kula da makamashi. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana tabbatar da cewa bayanin da aka nuna yana iya gani daga matsayi daban-daban dangane da allon. An rarraba na'urar don ƙarfin haske, wanda ke ba da damar daidaita haske a cikin aikace-aikacen na'urori da yawa. Daidaitawarta da lambobin haruffa na yau da kullun (USASCII da EBCDIC) da kuma yiwuwar haɗa su a kwance sun sa ta zama cikakkiya don tsarin da aka haɗa, allunan sarrafa masana'antu, kayan aikin ma'auni, kayan gwaji, da sauran aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar sauƙaƙan, ƙwaƙƙwaran nunin bayani bisa haruffa.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na gaskiya game da mahimman sigogi na fasaha na na'urar kamar yadda aka ayyana a cikin takardar bayanin.

2.1 Halayen Hoto da Na Gani

Nunin yana amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don samar da hasken Ja Mai Karfi. Matsakaicin tsayin tsayin fitarwa (λp) shine nanomita 650 (nm). An ƙayyade tsayin da ya fi rinjaye (λd) a nanomita 639. Ramin rabin faɗin bakan (Δλ), wanda ke nuna tsaftar ko yaduwar launin da aka fitar, shine nanomita 20. Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske (Iv) a kowace digo an ƙayyade shi da mafi ƙarancin microcandelas 800 (μcd), ƙimar al'ada na μcd 2600, kuma babu iyaka a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwajin kololuwar halin yanzu (Ip) na 32 mA a cikin aikin 1/16. Matsakaicin daidaiton ƙarfin haske na 2:1 yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske mai ma'ana tsakanin digo daban-daban akan wannan na'urar nunin.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki

Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf) don kowane digo na LED yana tsakanin 2.1V (m) da 2.6V (al'ada) a halin yanzu na gaba (If) na 20 mA. A mafi girman halin yanzu na 80 mA, wannan kewayon yana canzawa zuwa 2.3V zuwa 2.8V. Halin yanzu na baya (Ir) shine matsakaicin microamperes 100 (μA) lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (Vr) na 5V. Waɗannan sigogi suna da mahimmanci don ƙirar daidaitaccen da'irar iyakance halin yanzu.

3. Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Cikakke da La'akari da Zafi

Wuce waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Matsakaicin ɓarnar wutar lantarki a kowace digo bai kamata ya wuce milliwatts 40 (mW) ba. Kololuwar halin yanzu na gaba a kowace digo yana iyakance zuwa 90 mA, yayin da matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba a kowace digo ya kasance 15 mA a 25°C, yana raguwa da layi ta 0.2 mA ga kowane digiri Celsius sama da 25°C. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya a kowace digo shine 5V. An ƙididdige na'urar don kewayon zafin aiki da ajiya daga -35°C zuwa +85°C. Don haɗawa, matsakaicin zafin solder shine 260°C na matsakaicin tsawon lokaci na dakika 3, wanda aka auna milimita 1.6 a ƙasan farfajiyar zama.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

Takardar bayanin ta haɗa da cikakken zanen fakitin tare da girma a cikin milimita. Tolerances gabaɗaya ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Wannan zanen yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar ƙafar PCB (Allon Da'irar da aka Buga) da haɗa injiniya cikin samfurin ƙarshe. Fakitin na zahiri yana ɗauke da tsarin LED kuma yana ba da hanyar haɗin lantarki ta hanyar ƙafafun.

4.1 Haɗin Ƙafafu da Da'irar Ciki

Na'urar tana da hanyar haɗi ta ƙafafu 14. Tsarin ƙafafun shine kamar haka: Ƙafa 1: Cathode Layi 6; Ƙafa 2: Cathode Layi 8; Ƙafa 3: Anode Ginshiƙi 2; Ƙafa 4: Anode Ginshiƙi 3; Ƙafa 5: Cathode Layi 5; Ƙafa 6: Anode Ginshiƙi 5; Ƙafa 7: Cathode Layi 7; Ƙafa 8: Cathode Layi 3; Ƙafa 9: Cathode Layi 1; Ƙafa 10: Anode Ginshiƙi 4; Ƙafa 11: Anode Ginshiƙi 3 (Lura: Kwafin aikin ƙafa 4, mai yiwuwa bayanin takarda); Ƙafa 12: Cathode Layi 4; Ƙafa 13: Anode Ginshiƙi 1; Ƙafa 14: Cathode Layi 2. Zanen da'irar ciki yana nuna tsarin matrix, yana tabbatar da cewa tsarin cathode ne na gama-gari inda ginshiƙai suke anode kuma layuka suke cathode. Wannan tsari yana ba da damar haɗawa don sarrafa duk digo 40 tare da layukan sarrafawa na musamman 13 kawai (ginshiƙai 5 + layuka 8).

5. Jagororin Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

5.1 Turawa Nunin

Don haskaka takamaiman digo, dole ne a tuƙi ginshiƙin da ya dace (anode) zuwa sama (tare da iyakance halin yanzu da ya dace), kuma dole ne a tuƙi layin da ya dace (cathode) zuwa ƙasa. Don nuna haruffa, microcontroller yawanci yana amfani da dabarar haɗawa, yana jere yana kunna layi ɗaya a lokaci guda yayin gabatar da tsarin wannan layi akan layukan ginshiƙai biyar. Aikin 1/16 da aka ambata a cikin yanayin gwajin yana nuna tsarin haɗawa, ko da yake ainihin mitar binciken dole ne ya yi girma sosai don guje wa ƙyalli mai gani (yawanci >60 Hz). Turawa na waje (transistors ko ƙwararrun IC na turawa LED) kusan koyaushe ana buƙatar su, saboda ƙafafun GPIO na microcontroller ba sa iya fitarwa/ɗaukar adadin halin yanzu da ake buƙata.

5.2 Iyakance Halin Yanzu da Wadata Wutar Lantarki

Dangane da halayen lantarki, dole ne a sanya resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere tare da kowane ginshiƙi na anode. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vcc - Vf_led) / I_desired. Ta amfani da Vcc na 5V, Vf na al'ada na 2.6V, da kuma halin yanzu da ake so na digo 20 mA, ƙimar resistor zai kasance kusan (5 - 2.6) / 0.02 = 120 Ohms. Dole ne wadata wutar lantarki ta iya isar da kololuwar halin yanzu. A cikin tsarin da aka haɗa, halin yanzu na nan take lokacin da layi ɗaya yake aiki shine digo 5 * I_dot. Idan I_dot yana 20mA, wannan shine 100mA. Matsakaicin halin yanzu ya ragu sosai saboda aikin.

5.3 Gudanar da Zafi

Yayin da kowane digo yana da iyaka na 40mW, dole ne a yi la'akari da jimillar wutar lantarki don nunin. Tare da duk digo 40 a kan ci gaba a 20mA da 2.6V, jimillar wutar lantarki zai kasance 40 * 0.052W = 2.08W. A cikin ƙirar da aka haɗa a aikin 1/8 (don layuka 8), matsakaicin wutar lantarki shine kusan 2.08W / 8 = 0.26W. Masu ƙira yakamata su tabbatar da isasshen tagulla na PCB ko wasu hanyoyi don watsar da zafi, musamman a cikin yanayin yanayin zafi mai girma, don tsayawa cikin kewayon zafin aiki.

6. Binciken Aiki da Lanƙwasa na Al'ada

Takardar bayanin tana nuni zuwa lanƙwasa na halaye na lantarki/na gani na al'ada. Yayin da ba a ƙididdige takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, irin waɗannan lanƙwasa gabaɗaya sun haɗa da:

• Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V):Yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta da layi, mai mahimmanci don fahimtar raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED a halayen turawa daban-daban.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Haske vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, yawanci a cikin yanayin ƙasa da layi a mafi girman halayen yanzu.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Haske vs. Yanayin Yanayi:Yana nuna raguwar fitar da haske yayin da zafin haɗuwa ya tashi, wani muhimmin abu don daidaiton haske.
• Rarraba Bakan:Jadawali na ƙarfin dangi vs. tsayin raƙuman ruwa, yana mai da hankali a kusa da kololuwar 650nm kuma yana nuna rabin faɗin 20nm.

Waɗannan lanƙwasa suna da mahimmanci don ƙira mai ƙima, suna ba injiniyoyi damar inganta halin yanzu na turawa don haske da inganci da ake so yayin sarrafa tasirin zafi.

7. Kwatantawa da Bambancewa

Babban abubuwan da suka bambanta LTP-14058AKD su ne amfani da fasahar AlInGaP Hyper Red da takamaiman siffar injiniyarta. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LED ja na GaAsP ko GaP, AlInGaP yana ba da inganci mafi girma da haske mafi kyau. Tsawon matrix ɗin inci 1.4 shine takamaiman girma wanda za'a iya zaɓa don takamaiman yankunan allon ko nisan karantawa. Haɗin kwance shine babban fasalin injiniya don ƙirar nunin haruffa da yawa ba tare da haɗin kai mai sarƙaƙiya ba. Rarrabuwar sa don ƙarfin haske fa'ida ce don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar kamanni iri ɗaya a cikin na'urori da yawa.

8. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha)

8.1 Ta yaya zan haɗa wannan zuwa microcontroller?

Ba za ku iya haɗa shi kai tsaye ba. Kuna buƙatar turawa na waje. Haɗa ƙafafun ginshiƙai 5 (anode) zuwa microcontroller ta hanyar resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu da maɓallan transistor (ko ƙwararrun IC na turawa ginshiƙi na LED) waɗanda ke iya fitar da halin yanzu da ake buƙata. Haɗa ƙafafun layuka 8 (cathode) zuwa maɓallan transistor (ko ƙwararrun IC na turawa layi na LED) waɗanda ke iya ɗaukar jimillar halin yanzu na cikakken layi (misali, 5 * I_dot). Firmware na microcontroller sannan yana sarrafa waɗannan turawa don haɗa nunin.

8.2 Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin kololuwa da tsayin da ya fi rinjaye?

Tsayin kololuwa (650 nm) shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa wanda bakan fitarwa yana da matsakaicin ƙarfinsa. Tsayin da ya fi rinjaye (639 nm) shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya na hasken monochromatic wanda zai dace da launin da ake gani na hasken LED. Ya fi alaƙa da fahimtar launin ɗan adam. Bambancin yana nuna cewa bakan ba shi da daidaito cikakke.

8.3 Zan iya gudanar da LEDs a mafi girman halin yanzu don ƙarin haske?

Kuna iya ƙara halin yanzu, amma dole ne ku tsaya cikin Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Cikakke: matsakaicin halin yanzu a kowace digo ≤ 15mA (an rage sama da 25°C) kuma matsakaicin wutar lantarki a kowace digo ≤ 40mW. Wuce waɗannan ƙididdiga zai rage aminci da tsawon rayuwa. Bugu da ƙari, inganci (fitar da haske a kowace watt) yakan ragu a halayen yanzu masu girma sosai. Koyaushe ku tuntuɓi lanƙwasa na aikin al'ada don fahimtar ribar haske da ƙarin zafi da damuwa akan na'urar.

9. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki

Yanayi: Ƙirar karatun zafin jiki mai sauƙi na lambobi 4 don tanda masana'antu.Za a sanya nunin LTP-14058AKD guda huɗu a gefe, ta amfani da haɗin kwancensu. Na'urar firikwensin zafin jiki (misali, thermocouple tare da ADC) tana ba da bayanai zuwa microcontroller. Firmware na microcontroller yana ƙunshe da taswirar font don lambobi (kuma mai yiwuwa "C" don Celsius). Yana amfani da katsewar timer don gudanar da tsarin haɗa nunin. A kowane katsewa, yana kashe duk layuka, yana zaɓar layi na gaba (1 zuwa 8), kuma yana saita tsarin wannan layi a cikin nunin huɗu (layukan ginshiƙai 20 gabaɗaya) ta hanyar da'irar turawa. An saita mitar haɗawa zuwa 200 Hz, yana ba da aikin digo 1/8 kuma mitar sabuntawa na 25 Hz a kowane nunin, wanda ba shi da ƙyalli. An ƙididdige resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu don halin yanzu na digo 15mA don tabbatar da aminci na dogon lokaci a cikin haɓakar yanayin yanayi na tanda, tare da amfani da raguwa da ya dace.

10. Gabatarwar Fasaha da Trends

10.1 Fasahar LED ta AlInGaP

AlInGaP tsarin kayan semiconductor ne da ake amfani da shi da farko don LED ja, orange, rawaya, da kore masu haske. An girma shi akan substrate na GaAs, yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci akan tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP, gami da ingantacciyar inganci ta quantum, mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki, da tsawon rayuwar aiki. Kalmar "Hyper Red" yawanci tana nufin takamaiman abun da ke haifar da launin ja mai zurfi a kusa da 650-660nm, wanda galibi ana zaɓar shi don aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar babban gani ko takamaiman amsawar tsayin raƙuman ruwa.

10.2 Mahallin Fasahar Nunin

Nunin tsarin digo na LED daban-daban kamar LTP-14058AKD suna wakiltar wani sashe na fasahar nunin da ya balaga, mai aminci sosai. Yayin da sabbin fasahohi kamar OLEDs ko TFT LCDs ke ba da ƙuduri mafi girma da cikakkiyar iyawar zane-zane, LED digo matrices suna riƙe da fa'idodi masu ƙarfi a cikin matsanancin yanayi (faɗin kewayon zafin jiki, haske mai girma, dogon rayuwa), sauƙi, da inganci mai tsada don ayyukan da suka dogara da haruffa. Trends a cikin wannan ƙaramin yanki yana zuwa ga haɗin kai mafi girma (misali, nunai tare da masu sarrafawa da aka gina da hanyoyin haɗin serial) da kuma amfani da ƙarin ingantattun kayan LED, ko da yake ainihin ƙirar matrix da aka haɗa ya kasance ba canzawa.