Takardun Bayani na Fasaha na 6-Pin DIP Photodarlington Photocoupler - Jerin TIL113, 4NXX, H11BX - Keɓancewar 5000Vrms

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Jerin TIL113, 4NXX, da H11BX iyalai ne na photodarlington photocouplers (optoisolators). Kowane na'ura ya ƙunshi infrared light-emitting diode (LED) wanda aka haɗa shi da haske zuwa na'urar gano photodarlington transistor. Wannan tsari yana ba da babban rabon canja wurin ƙarfi (CTR), yana mai da su dace don haɗa sigina masu sarrafa ƙaramin ƙarfi da manyan kaya. Ana ajiye na'urorin a cikin ƙaramin fakitin 6-pin Dual In-line Package (DIP), tare da zaɓuɓɓuka don daidaitaccen hawan rami, faɗin tazarar jagora, da fasahar hawa saman (SMD). Babban fa'idar wannan jerin shine babban keɓancewar lantarki (5000 V_rms) tsakanin da'irorin shigarwa da fitarwa, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga aminci da kariya daga hayaniya a cikin tsarin da ke da matakan ƙasa daban-daban.

2. Muhimman Fasali da Amincewa

Jerin yana ba da fasali da yawa masu mahimmanci don aiki mai ƙarfi da dogaro a cikin ayyuka masu wahala. Babban ƙarfin keɓancewar 5000 V_rmsda nisan creepage wanda ya wuce 7.62 mm suna tabbatar da aiki mai aminci a cikin mahalli masu babban ƙarfin lantarki. Ana ƙididdige waɗannan na'urorin don faɗaɗin kewayon zafin aiki har zuwa +110°C. Bugu da ƙari, jerin samfurin sun yi daidai da manyan ƙa'idodin aminci da muhalli na duniya, gami da UL, cUL, VDE, SEMKO, NEMKO, DEMKO, FIMKO, da amincewar CQC. Na'urorin kuma sun yi daidai da ƙa'idodin EU REACH kuma ana samun su a cikin sigogin RoHS.

3. Ayyuka

An ƙera waɗannan photocouplers don faɗin aikace-aikace inda ake buƙatar keɓancewar lantarki da haɗin sigina. Amfanin yau da kullun ya haɗa da:

• Haɗin da'irar dabaru masu ƙarancin wutar lantarki da canjin matakin.
• Kayan aikin sadarwa don keɓance sigina.
• Na'urorin lantarki masu ɗaukar kaya da na'urorin lantarki masu amfani da baturi.
• Tsarin haɗawa da haɗawa waɗanda ke aiki a matakan lantarki da ƙarancin juriya daban-daban, kamar a cikin tsarin sarrafa masana'antu, wadatar wutar lantarki, da kayan aikin ma'auni.

4. Tsarin Fil da Zane

Na'urorin suna amfani da daidaitaccen tsarin 6-pin DIP. Pinout kamar haka ne:

• Fil 1: Anode na LED shigarwa.
• Fil 2: Cathode na LED shigarwa.
• Fil 3: Babu Haɗin (NC).
• Fil 4: Emitter na fitarwa photodarlington transistor.
• Fil 5: Collector na fitarwa photodarlington transistor.
• Fil 6: Tushe na fitarwa photodarlington transistor (yawanci ana barin shi a buɗe ko a haɗa shi don hanzarta hanyoyin sadarwa).

Zanen ciki yana nuna infrared LED da aka haɗa tsakanin fil 1 da 2, da kuma photodarlington transistor da aka haɗa tsakanin fil 4 (Emitter), 5 (Collector), da 6 (Base).

5. Iyakar Ma'auni Mafi Girma

Matsalolin da suka wuce waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Duk ma'auni an ƙayyade su a zafin yanayi (T_a) na 25°C sai dai idan an faɗi.

• Shigarwa (LED):Gaba Current (I_F): 60 mA; Kololuwar Gaba Current (I_FP, 1µs bugun jini): 1 A; Juyawa Voltage (V_R): 6 V; Ragewar Wutar lantarki (P_D): 120 mW (ana buƙatar ragewa sama da T_a= 100°C a 3.8 mW/°C).
• Fitarwa (Transistor):Ragewar Wutar lantarki (P_C): 150 mW (ana buƙatar ragewa sama da T_a= 80°C a 6.5 mW/°C); Collector-Emitter Voltage (V_CEO): 55 V; Collector-Base Voltage (V_CBO): 55 V; Emitter-Collector Voltage (V_ECO): 7 V; Emitter-Base Voltage (V_EBO): 7 V.
• Jimlar Na'ura:Jimlar Ragewar Wutar lantarki (P_TOT): 200 mW; Keɓancewar Voltage (V_ISO): 5000 V_rms(AC na minti 1, 40-60% RH).
• Zazzabi:Zafin Aiki (T_OPR): -55°C zuwa +100°C; Zafin Ajiya (T_STG): -55°C zuwa +125°C; Zafin Solder (T_SOL): 260°C (na dakika 10).

6. Halayen Lantarki da Hasken

Waɗannan sigogi suna ayyana aikin lantarki da na gani a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun, yawanci a T_a=25°C.

6.1 Halayen Shigarwa (LED)

• Gaba Voltage (V_F): Yawanci 1.2V, Maksimum 1.5V a I_F= 10mA (50mA don H11B3).
• Juyawa Current (I_R): Maksimum 10 µA a V_R= 6V.
• Ƙarfin Shigarwa (C_in): Yawanci 50 pF a V=0, f=1MHz.

6.2 Halayen Fitarwa (Photodarlington)

• Collector-Emitter Duhun Current (I_CEO): Maksimum 100 nA a V_CE= 10V.
• Collector-Emitter Rushewar Voltage (BV_CEO): Mafi ƙarancin 55 V a I_C=1mA.
• Collector-Base Rushewar Voltage (BV_CBO): Mafi ƙarancin 55 V a I_C=0.1mA.
• Emitter-Collector Rushewar Voltage (BV_ECO): Mafi ƙarancin 7 V a I_E=0.1mA.

6.3 Halayen Canja wuri

Waɗannan sigogi suna ayyana ingancin haɗawa da aikin sauya.

• Rashin Canja wurin Current (CTR):Wannan shine rabon fitarwa collector current zuwa shigarwa LED gaba current, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin kashi. Yana bambanta ta lambar sashi:
  • 4N32, 4N33, H11B1: CTR ≥ 500% (a I_F=10mA, V_CE=10V ko I_F=1mA, V_CE=5V).
  • 4N29, 4N30: CTR ≥ 100%.
  • 4N31, H11B3, H11B255: CTR ≥ 100%.
  • H11B2: CTR ≥ 200%.
  • TIL113: CTR ≥ 300% (a I_F=10mA, V_CE=1V).
• Collector-Emitter Cikakken Voltage (V_CE(sat)):Maksimum 1.0V zuwa 1.2V dangane da jerin, a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun I_Fda I_C conditions.
• Keɓancewar juriya (R_IO):Mafi ƙarancin 10¹¹Ω a V_IO=500V DC.
• Shigarwa-Fitarwa Ƙarfin (C_IO):Yawanci 0.8 pF a V_IO=0, f=1MHz.
• Lokutan Sauya:Lokutan kunna (t_on) da lokutan kashewa (t_off) an ƙayyade su don jerin daban-daban a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayin gwaji (V_CC=10V, tare da ƙayyadaddun I_Fda juriya na kaya R_L=100Ω). Misali, jerin H11Bx t_onyawanci 25µs ne kuma t_offyawanci 18µs ne. Jerin 4Nxx da TIL113 suna da saurin kunna (max 5µs) amma yuwuwar jinkirin kashewa (har zuwa 100µs don wasu bambance-bambance).

7. Lanƙwasa Aiki da Halayen Sauya

Takardun bayani ya haɗa da lanƙwasa aiki na yau da kullun (ko da yake ba a cikakke ba a cikin rubutun da aka bayar). Waɗannan lanƙwasa yawanci suna kwatanta alaƙar tsakanin CTR da zazzabi, gaba current, ko collector current. Suna da mahimmanci ga masu zane don fahimtar bambance-bambancen aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi marasa daidaito. An ayyana da'irar gwajin lokacin sauya, yana nuna bugun shigarwa yana tuka LED da sakamakon bugun fitarwa a collector. Muhimman sigogi na lokaci kamar lokacin tashi (t_r), lokacin faɗuwa (t_f), jinkirin kunna (t_on), da jinkirin kashewa (t_off) ana auna su tsakanin maki 10% da 90% na bugun jini na bi da bi.

8. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

Ana ba da na'urorin a cikin bambance-bambancen fakitin da yawa don dacewa da hanyoyin haɗawa daban-daban.

• Nau'in DIP na Duniya:Fakitin rami na gargajiya.
• Zaɓin Nau'in M:Yana da faɗin lanƙwasa jagora, yana ba da tazarar jagora 0.4-inch (kimanin 10.16mm) don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarin nisan creepage ko sauƙin shigar da hannu.
• Zaɓin Nau'in S:Siffar jagorar hawa saman don sake solder.
• Zaɓin Nau'in S1:Bambance-bambancen siffar jagorar hawa saman mai ƙaramin bayani.

An ba da cikakkun zane-zane masu girma don kowane nau'in fakitin, gami da tsayin jiki, faɗi, tsayi, filin jagora, da girman jagora. An haɗa da shimfidar pad da aka ba da shawarar don zaɓuɓɓukan hawa saman don tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗin solder yayin haɗin PCB.

9. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Iyakar ma'auni mafi girma ya ƙayyade zafin solder na 260°C na dakika 10. Wannan sigogi ne mai mahimmanci don hanyoyin sakewa ko solder. Dole ne masu zane su tabbatar cewa yanayin zafi yayin haɗawa bai wuce wannan iyaka ba don hana lalata die semiconductor na ciki ko fakitin filastik. Don bambance-bambancen hawa saman, bin shimfidar pad da aka ba da shawarar yana da mahimmanci don hana kabari ko ƙananan haɗin solder. Dole ne a kiyaye yanayin ajiya daidai, kamar yadda ƙimar zafin ajiya (-55°C zuwa +125°C), don adana ingancin na'urar kafin amfani.

10. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda

Tsarin lambar sashi an tsara shi don nuna jerin, takamaiman lambar sashi, zaɓin siffar jagora, zaɓin tef da reel, da zaɓin takaddun shaida na aminci.

Tsarin Lambar Sashi:[Jerin][PartNo][LeadForm][TapeReel]-[Aminci]

• Jerin: 4NXX, H11BX, ko TIL113.
• PartNo: Don 4NXX: 29,30,31,32,33. Don H11BX: 1,2,3,255.
• LeadForm (Y): S (SMD), S1 (Ƙananan bayani SMD), M (Faɗin jagora), ko babu (Daidaitaccen DIP).
• TapeReel (Z): TA, TB (don zaɓuɓɓukan SMD), ko babu.
• Aminci (V): Zaɓin takaddun shaida na VDE.

Adadin Fakitin:

• Daidaitaccen DIP da zaɓuɓɓukan M: raka'a 65 a kowace bututu.
• Zaɓuɓɓukan S da S1 tare da TA/TB: raka'a 1000 a kowace reel.

11. Abubuwan da ake la'akari da Zane na Aikace-aikace

Lokacin zayyana tare da waɗannan photodarlington photocouplers, dole ne a yi la'akari da abubuwa da yawa. Babban CTR yana ba da damar fitarwa transistor don shiga cikin cikakkiya tare da ƙaramin ƙarfin LED, wanda yake da amfani don haɗawa tare da microcontrollers. Duk da haka, tsarin photodarlington a zahiri yana da jinkirin saurin sauya idan aka kwatanta da phototransistor ko photo-IC couplers, yana mai da su su fi dacewa da aikace-aikacen mita ƙasa (yawanci har zuwa kewayon kHz goma dangane da yanayin kaya). Filin tushe (Fil 6) za a iya amfani dashi don haɗa wani resistor na waje don jujjuya wasu photogenerated tushe current zuwa ƙasa, wanda zai iya inganta lokacin kashewa sosai a farashin rage CTR. Dole ne mai zane ya tabbatar cewa ƙimar ƙarfin fitarwa transistor (V_CEO, V_CBO) ba a wuce su ta hanyar da'irar kaya ba. Koyaushe ana buƙatar resistor mai iyakancewa a jere tare da LED shigarwa. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar dangane da ƙarfin wutar lantarki, I_Fda ake so, da V na LED_F.

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12. Kwatancen Fasaha da Jagorar Zaɓi

Bambance-bambancen farko a cikin wannan jerin shine Rashin Canja wurin Current (CTR). Sassa kamar 4N32/33 da H11B1 suna ba da hankali sosai (CTR ≥ 500%), suna mai da su cikakku don aikace-aikacen da sigina mai tuƙi yake da rauni sosai. 4N29/30 da H11B2 suna ba da matsakaicin hankali. 4N31, H11B3, da H11B255 suna ba da daidaitaccen CTR 100%. TIL113 yana ba da daidaito mai kyau a 300%. Zaɓin tsakanin fakitin DIP da SMD ya dogara da tsarin masana'antu. Zaɓin faɗin-jagora (M) yana da amfani ga aikace-aikacen babban ƙarfin lantarki waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙara nisan creepage akan PCB. Idan aka kwatanta da sauƙaƙan phototransistor couplers, photodarlingtons suna ba da riba mafi girma amma suna jinkirin. Don keɓancewar dijital mai sauri sosai, wasu fasahohi kamar masu keɓancewar dijital ko saurin optocouplers tare da fitarwar ƙofar dabaru za su fi dacewa.

13. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q: Menene babban fa'idar photodarlington akan daidaitaccen phototransistor?

A: Babban fa'idar shine babban rabon canja wurin ƙarfi (CTR), sau da yawa ta hanyar 10 zuwa 100. Wannan yana nufin ƙaramin ƙarfin shigarwa LED zai iya sarrafa mafi girma fitarwa current, yana sauƙaƙe da'irar tuƙi.

Q: Me yasa lokutan sauya suna jinkirin don photodarlingtons?

A: Tsarin darlington pair yana da ƙarin matakin transistor, wanda ke ƙara ajiyar caji da rage saurin sauya, musamman yayin kashewa.

Q: Ta yaya zan iya inganta lokacin kashewa na photodarlington?

A: Haɗa wani resistor na waje (yawanci a cikin kewayon 10kΩ zuwa 100kΩ) tsakanin filin tushe (6) da filin emitter (4) zai ba da hanyar don fitar da cajin da aka adana, yana rage lokacin kashewa sosai._{Q: Menene ma'anar ƙimar keɓancewar 5000 V}rms

ga zanena?

A: Wannan ƙimar tana tabbatar da cewa na'urar za ta iya jure bambancin yuwuwar AC na 5000 Volt tsakanin bangarorin shigarwa da fitarwa na minti ɗaya ba tare da rushewa ba. Yana ayyana shingen aminci ga tsarin ku, yana kare masu amfani da ƙananan da'irar lantarki daga kurakuran babban ƙarfin lantarki.

Q: Zan iya amfani da waɗannan don sigina shigarwa AC?

A: Shigarwa LED ne, wanda shine diode. Zai yi aiki ne kawai a lokacin rabin zagaye mai kyau na sigina AC. Don ainihin ganewar shigarwa AC, ana buƙatar madauki mai gyara ko takamaiman optocoupler shigarwa AC.

14. Misalan Zane da AmfaniMisali 1: Microcontroller Relay Driver:_FAmfani na gama gari shine keɓance microcontroller 3.3V ko 5V daga coil relay 12V ko 24V. Filin microcontroller GPIO, ta hanyar resistor mai iyakancewa (misali, 220Ω don wadatar 5V da ~10mA I

), yana tuka gefen LED. Collector na photodarlington yana haɗe da coil relay, kuma emitter zuwa ƙasa. Dole ne a sanya diode flyback a kan coil relay. Babban CTR yana tabbatar da cewa relay yana cikakken ƙarfi ko da filin microcontroller zai iya samar da matsakaicin ƙarfi.Misali 2: Ganewar Mains Voltage Zero-Crossing:

Duk da yake ba don haɗin kai tsaye na mains ba, ana iya amfani da waɗannan couplers a cikin hanyar amsa keɓancewar wadatar wutar lantarki mai sauya ko a cikin da'irar ganewar zero-crossing inda ake buƙatar isar da sigina mai babban ƙarfin lantarki, keɓance zuwa da'irar dabaru mai ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki. Babban ƙarfin keɓancewar yana da mahimmanci a nan.Misali 3: Module Shigarwar Dijital na Masana'antu:

A cikin module shigarwar PLC, waɗannan optocouplers na iya keɓance sigina na firikwensin filin (misali, maɓallin kusanci 24V DC) daga da'irar dabaru na ciki, suna ba da kariya daga hayaniya da kare mai sarrafa tsakiya daga canje-canjen ƙarfin lantarki a gefen filin.

15. Ka'idar Aiki_FKa'idar asali ita ce canjin lantarki-hasken-lantarki. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da gaba current (I_C) zuwa shigarwa infrared LED, yana fitar da photons (haske). Wannan haske yana tafiya a kan rata mai keɓancewa a cikin fakitin kuma ya bugi yankin tushe na fitarwa silicon photodarlington transistor. Photons ɗin da aka sha suna haifar da nau'i-nau'i na lantarki-ramuwa, suna haifar da photocurrent wanda ke aiki azaman tushe current na farkon transistor na darlington pair. Wannan ƙaramin photocurrent yana ƙaruwa ta hanyar babban riba na transistors biyu, yana haifar da mafi girma collector current (I

) wanda zai iya sauya kaya na waje. Mahimmanci shine cewa haɗin kai tsaye tsakanin shigarwa da fitarwa shine hasken haske, yana ba da keɓancewar lantarki.

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