ELS3120-G Jerin Mai Gudanar da Gate Photocoupler Datasheet - 6-Pin SDIP - Fitar da Halin Yanzu 2.5A - Keɓancewar Ƙarfin Lantarki 5000Vrms - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

ELS3120-G Jerin babban aiki ne mai ƙarfi, 6-pin Single-Dual In-line Package (SDIP) photocoupler wanda aka ƙera musamman don gudanar da gates na Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) da ƙarfin Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs). Ya haɗa infrared Light Emitting Diode (LED) wanda aka haɗa ta hanyar haske zuwa cikin guda ɗaya na haɗin kai wanda ke da ƙarfin fitar da ƙarfi. Babban fasalin ƙira shine garkuwar ciki wanda ke tabbatar da babban kariya daga hayaniyar canjin yanayi na gama gari, yana mai da shi amintacce sosai a cikin yanayin canjin wutar lantarki mai hayaniya. Na'urar tana da halayen ƙarfinta na fitar da ƙarfin lantarki, yana ba ta damar kunna da kashe ƙarfin sauyawa gaba ɗaya.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Manufa

Babban fa'idar ELS3120 yana cikin haɗuwarta na babban ƙarfin gudanar da halin yanzu (2.5A kololuwa) da kyawawan halaye na keɓancewa (5000Vrms). Wannan ya sa ya zama mafita mai kyau don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar aminci da ƙarfin keɓancewar lantarki tsakanin ƙananan sassan sarrafawa da manyan matakan wutar lantarki. Tabbacin aikin sa a cikin babban kewayon zafin jiki daga -40°C zuwa +110°C yana tabbatar da amincin sa a cikin yanayi mai wahala. Na'urar tana bin ka'idojin buƙatun marasa halogen (Br<900 ppm, Cl<900 ppm, Br+Cl<1500 ppm), ba shi da gubar, kuma ya dace da RoHS. Ya sami amincewa daga manyan hukumomin ƙa'idodin aminci na duniya ciki har da UL, cUL, VDE, SEMKO, NEMKO, DEMKO, FIMKO, da CQC. Kasuwar manufa ta haɗa da motocin masana'antu, wadatar wutar lantarki marasa katsewa (UPS), masu jujjuya hasken rana, da aikace-aikacen kayan masarufi iri-iri kamar masu dumama fan.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

An ƙera na'urar don yin aiki a cikin ƙayyadaddun iyaka don tabbatar da tsawon rayuwa da hana lalacewa. Manyan matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici sun haɗa da: ci gaba da halin yanzu na gaba (IF) na 25mA don LED na shigarwa, tare da ƙarfin halin yanzu na gaba (IFP) na 1A na ɗan gajeren lokaci (≤1μs). Juyin ƙarfin lantarki (VR) don LED yana iyakance zuwa 5V. A gefen fitarwa, kololuwar fitar da halin yanzu (IOPH/IOPL) shine ±2.5A, kuma kololuwar fitar da ƙarfin lantarki (VO) dangane da VEE bai kamata ya wuce 30V ba. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki (VCC - VEE) na iya kasancewa daga 15V zuwa 30V. Na'urar na iya jure ƙarfin keɓancewa (VISO) na 5000Vrms na minti ɗaya. Jimlar ɓarnawar wutar lantarki (PT) shine 300mW. Kewayon zafin aiki (TOPR) shine -40°C zuwa +110°C, kuma zafin ajiya (TSTG) ya kasance daga -55°C zuwa +125°C. Zafin gyaɗa (TSOL) an ƙididdige shi a 260°C na dakika 10.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki-Haske

Wannan sashe yana cikakken bayyana ƙayyadaddun sigogin aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin aiki a cikin kewayon zafin jiki. Don shigarwa, matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) shine 1.8V a halin yanzu na gaba (IF) na 10mA. Halayen fitarwa an raba su zuwa halin yanzu na wadata da halayen canja wuri. Manyan matakan halin yanzu na wadata (ICCH da ICCL) suna da ƙimar al'ada kusan 1.4-1.5mA kuma matsakaicin 3.2mA lokacin VCC=30V. Halayen canja wuri suna da mahimmanci don gudanar da gate. An ƙayyade babban matakin fitar da halin yanzu (IOH) a matsayin mafi ƙarancin -1A (tushen halin yanzu) lokacin VCC=30V kuma fitarwa yana 3V ƙasa da VCC, da -2.5A mafi ƙarancin lokacin da fitarwa yake 6V ƙasa da VCC. Akasin haka, ƙananan matakin fitar da halin yanzu (IOL) shine mafi ƙarancin 1A (nutsewar halin yanzu) lokacin da fitarwa yake 3V sama da VEE, da 2.5A mafi ƙarancin lokacin 6V sama da VEE. Halin yanzu na bakin kofa (IFLH) don fara sauyawa shine matsakaicin 5mA. Na'urar kuma ta haɗa da kariyar Kulle Ƙarfin Lantarki (UVLO), tare da bakin kofa na al'ada kusan 11-13.5V don VUVLO+ (kunna) da 10-12.5V don VUVLO- (kashe), yana hana rashin aiki lokacin da ƙarfin wutar lantarki bai isa ba.

2.3 Halayen Sauya

Ayyukan motsa jiki yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen sauyawar wutar lantarki. Manyan sigogi da aka auna a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayi (IF=7-16mA, VCC=15-30V, Cg=10nF, Rg=10Ω, f=10kHz) sun haɗa da: lokacin jinkirin yaduwa (tPLH da tPHL) tare da ƙimar al'ada na 150ns da matsakaicin 300ns. Lokacin tashi da faɗuwar fitarwa (tR da tF) yawanci 80ns ne. Murɗaɗɗen faɗin bugun jini, wanda aka ayyana a matsayin |tPHL – tPLH|, yana da matsakaicin 100ns, yana nuna kyakkyawan daidaito. Karkatar da jinkirin yaduwa (tPSK), bambancin jinkiri tsakanin raka'a da yawa a ƙarƙashin yanayi iri ɗaya, shine matsakaicin 150ns. Babban fasalin shine Rigakafin Canjin Yanayi na Gama Gari (CMTI), wanda aka tabbatar da zai zama mafi ƙarancin ±25 kV/μs don duka manyan jihohin fitarwa (CMH) da ƙananan (CML). Wannan babban ƙimar CMTI yana da mahimmanci don ƙin saurin canjin ƙarfin lantarki a kan shingen keɓancewa wanda zai iya haifar da kuskuren sauyawar fitarwa.

3. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardun bayanan yana ba da lanƙwasa halaye na yau da kullun waɗanda ke ba da zurfin fahimta game da halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Hoto na 1 yana nuna yadda ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED (VF) ke raguwa tare da ƙara yawan zafin yanayi (TA) don halin yanzu na gaba daban-daban, wanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar zafi na kewayen shigarwa. Hoto na 2 yana nuna faɗuwar babban ƙarfin lantarki (VOH - VCC) daidai da babban halin yanzu na fitarwa (IOH) a yanayin zafi daban-daban, yana kwatanta ingantaccen jujjuyawar transistor na gefen sama. Hoto na 3 yana nuna yadda wannan faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki ke canzawa tare da zafin jiki a ƙayyadadden halin yanzu na kaya. Hakazalika, Hoto na 4 da Hoto na 5 suna nuna ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki na fitarwa (VOL) daidai da ƙananan halin yanzu na fitarwa (IOL) da bambancinsa tare da zafin jiki, yana siffanta ƙarfin nutsewa na ƙananan gefe. Hoto na 6 yana jadad da halin yanzu na wadata (ICCH da ICCL) daidai da zafin yanayi, yana nuna kwanciyar hankali na amfani da halin yanzu. Hoto na 7 (wanda aka nuna daga guntun PDF) mai yana nuna halin yanzu na wadata daidai da ƙarfin wutar lantarki, yana nuna dogaron amfani da wutar lantarki na na'urar akan VCC.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

Na'urar tana cikin 6-pin Single/Dual In-line Package (SDIP). Tsarin fil ɗin shine kamar haka: Pin 1: Anode na LED na shigarwa; Pin 2: Babu Haɗin kai (NC); Pin 3: Cathode na LED na shigarwa; Pin 4: VEE (Ƙananan wadataccen fitarwa/ƙasa); Pin 5: VOUT (Fitar da gudanar da gate); Pin 6: VCC (Ingantaccen wadataccen fitarwa). Bayanin aikace-aikace mai mahimmanci ya ƙayyade cewa dole ne a haɗa capacitor na 0.1μF bypass tsakanin fil ɗin 4 (VEE) da 6 (VCC) kusa da jikin na'urar don tabbatar da aiki mai ƙarfi da rage ƙarfin lantarki na layin wadata yayin sauyawar halin yanzu mai girma.

5. Jagororin Aikace-aikace

5.1 Daidaitattun Kewayen Aikace-aikace

Babban aikace-aikacen shine a matsayin mai gudanar da gate mai keɓance don IGBTs da ƙarfin MOSFETs a cikin tsarin gada (misali, rabin-gada, cikakken gada). Photocoupler yana ba da keɓancewar da ake buƙata tsakanin microcontroller ko mai sarrafa PWM (ƙananan gefen ƙarfin lantarki) da gate mai iyo na sauyawar gefen sama (babban gefen ƙarfin lantarki). Kololuwar halin yanzu na 2.5A yana ba da damar caji da cire cajin gate na na'urar wutar lantarki cikin sauri, yana rage asarar sauyawa.

5.2 Abubuwan Ƙira

Dole ne a yi la'akari da abubuwa da yawa don aiki mai aminci. Dole ne a zaɓi ƙimar resistor na gate (Rg) bisa ga saurin sauyawar da ake buƙata da kuma hana ƙararrawar gate ko dV/dt mai yawa. Ana buƙatar shawarar capacitor na 0.1μF bypass tsakanin VCC da VEE don samar da tushen ƙananan ƙarfi na gida don manyan halin yanzu. Fasalin UVLO yana kare na'urar wutar lantarki amma dole ne a yi la'akari da shi a cikin jerin wadata. Rigakafin canjin yanayi na gama gari yana da girma, amma shimfidar PCB yana da mahimmanci: dole ne a kiyaye tazarar keɓancewa tsakanin kewayen shigarwa da fitarwa, kuma dole ne a kiyaye madaukai masu dV/dt ƙanana kuma a nesa da alamun shigarwa masu mahimmanci.

6. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da na'urorin haske na asali ko wasu ƙwararrun masu gudanar da gate marasa keɓancewa, ELS3120 yana ba da matakin fitarwa na musamman, mai ƙarfin halin yanzu wanda aka haɗa tare da mai keɓancewar haske. Babban bambance-bambancensa shine kololuwar fitar da halin yanzu na 2.5A, wanda ya fi yawa fiye da yawancin masu gudanar da tushen photocoupler na yau da kullun, da kuma tabbataccen babban CMTI na 25 kV/μs, wanda ke da mahimmanci don aikace-aikacen silicon carbide (SiC) ko gallium nitride (GaN) na zamani. Babban kewayon zafin aiki da yawan amincewar ƙa'idodin aminci na duniya sun sa ya dace da kasuwannin masana'antu da kayan masarufi inda aminci da bin doka suka fi mahimmanci.

7. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q: Menene manufar garkuwar ciki?

A: Garkuwar ciki tana ƙara ƙarfin Rigakafin Canjin Yanayi na Gama Gari (CMTI) ta hanyar rage haɗin ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin shigarwa da fitarwa, yana hana kuskuren faɗakarwa daga saurin canjin ƙarfin lantarki a kan shingen keɓancewa.

Q: Zan iya amfani da wadataccen wutar lantarki guda ɗaya don VCC?

A: Matakin fitarwa yana buƙatar ƙarfin wutar lantarki (VCC - VEE) tsakanin 15V zuwa 30V. Don gudanar da IGBT/MOSFET na tashar-N wanda tushensa aka haɗa zuwa ƙasan wutar lantarki, VEE yawanci ana haɗa shi da wannan ƙasa, kuma VCC ƙarfin lantarki ne mai kyau dangane da shi, sau da yawa +15V ko +20V.

Q: Me ya sa capacitor na 0.1μF bypass ya zama dole?

A: A lokacin sauyawar nan take, mai gudanarwa yana fitar da ko nutse da amps da yawa na halin yanzu cikin sauri. Ƙarfin lantarki na parasitic na alamun PCB zuwa babban capacitor mai nisa zai haifar da babban ƙarfin lantarki, mai yuwuwar haifar da rashin aiki ko wuce manyan ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun na'urar. Capacitor na gida yana ba da halin yanzu na nan take.

Q: Me zai faru idan ƙarfin wutar lantarki (VCC) ya faɗi ƙasa da bakin kofa na UVLO?

A: Kewayen Kulle Ƙarfin Lantarki zai kashe fitarwa, yana tilasta shi zuwa yanayin da aka sani (yawanci ƙananan), wanda ke kashe IGBT/MOSFET da aka gudanar. Wannan yana hana na'urar wutar lantarki yin aiki a cikin yanki na layi tare da babban ƙarfin lantarki da halin yanzu, wanda zai haifar da zafi mai yawa da gazawa.

8. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki

Misalin amfani na gama gari shine a cikin inverter na gudanar da mota mai matakai 3. Ana iya amfani da na'urori shida na ELS3120 don gudanar da IGBTs shida (manyan gefe uku da ƙananan gefe uku). Microcontroller yana samar da siginonin PWM shida, kowanne an haɗa shi da anode (ta hanyar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu) da cathode na LED na shigarwa na ELS3120. Ana haɗa fitarwa na kowane ELS3120 zuwa gate na IGBT ɗinsa ta hanyar ƙaramin resistor na gate. Manyan masu gudanarwa suna da fil ɗin VCC ɗin su an haɗa su da wadatattun wutar lantarki masu iyo (kewayon tashi ko masu canza DC-DC masu keɓance), yayin da fil ɗin VEE ɗin su ke haɗawa da fitarwar lokaci (fitarwar IGBT). Wannan saitin yana ba da cikakken keɓancewa don duka na'urorin sarrafawa da kariya daga babban ƙarfin lantarki na DC.

9. Ka'idar Aiki

Na'urar tana aiki bisa ka'idar keɓancewar haske. Halin yanzu na lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi ga infrared LED na shigarwa yana sa shi fitar da haske. Wannan hasken yana gano ta hanyar photodiode wanda aka haɗa shi cikin IC na gefen fitarwa. Ana canza siginin hasken da aka karɓa zuwa siginin lantarki, wanda kuma cikin na'urar (ciki har da masu ƙara ƙarfi da matakin fitarwa na totem-pole) ke sarrafa shi don gudanar da fil ɗin VOUT. Babban fa'ida shine cewa ana canja siginin da ƙarfin ta hanyar haske, yana haifar da shingen keɓancewa na galvanic wanda zai iya jure kilovolts da yawa, yana karya madaukai na ƙasa da kuma kare na'urorin lantarki masu mahimmanci daga saurin canjin ƙarfin lantarki a gefen wutar lantarki.

10. Trends na Masana'antu

Buƙatar masu gudanar da gate photocouplers kamar ELS3120 ana motsa su ta hanyar trends a cikin lantarki na lantarki. Akwai ci gaba da turawa don mafi girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki, inganci, da mitoci na sauyawa, musamman tare da amfani da semiconductors masu faɗin bandeji (SiC da GaN). Waɗannan trends suna buƙatar masu gudanar da gate tare da mafi girman halin yanzu na kololuwa, saurin sauyawa mafi sauri, da ma mafi girman ƙimar CMTI. Bugu da ƙari, ƙara buƙatun amincin aiki a cikin motoci (misali, ISO 26262) da aikace-aikacen masana'antu suna haifar da haɓaka masu gudanarwa tare da fasalin bincike na haɗin kai da ƙimar keɓancewa mai ƙarfi. Ƙaura zuwa ƙananan ƙira kuma yana matsa lamba akan fasahar kunshin, kodayake kunshin SDIP ya kasance sananne saboda tazarar rarrafe da tsabtace da ake buƙata don keɓancewar ƙarfin lantarki.