Takardar Bayani na TO-247-2L 650V SiC Schottky Diode - Girman Kunshin 16.26x20.0x4.7mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 650V - Halin Yanzu 8A - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na babban aikin Silicon Carbide (SiC) Schottky Barrier Diode (SBD) wanda aka sanya a cikin kunshin TO-247-2L. An ƙera wannan na'urar don ba da ingantacciyar inganci da aminci a cikin aikace-aikacen jujjuyawar wutar lantarki masu ƙarfi. Babban aikinta shine samar da kwararar wutar lantarki guda ɗaya tare da ƙarancin asarar sauyawa da cajin dawowa, wanda ke da fa'ida sosai idan aka kwatanta da diode na silicon na gargajiya.

Babban wurin wannan diode yana cikin tsarin wutar lantarki na zamani, mai saurin gudu, da inganci. Babban fa'idodinsa sun samo asali ne daga kaddarorin kayan Silicon Carbide, waɗanda ke ba da damar aiki a yanayin zafi mafi girma, ƙarfin wutar lantarki, da saurin sauyawa idan aka kwatanta da silicon. Kasuwannin da aka yi niyya sun bambanta, sun haɗa da masana'antu inda ingancin makamashi, ƙarfin wutar lantarki, da sarrafa zafi suke da muhimmanci. Waɗannan sun haɗa da injinan tuƙi na masana'antu, tsarin makamashi mai sabuntawa kamar masu juyawa na hasken rana, wadatar wutar lantarki na cibiyar bayanai, da kuma wadatar wutar lantarki mara katsewa (UPS).

2. Cikakken Bincike na Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Wutar Lantarki

Ƙayyadaddun wutar lantarki suna ayyana iyakokin aiki da aikin diode a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayi.

• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Komawa (VRRM):650V. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya wanda za'a iya amfani da shi akai-akai. Yana ayyana ƙimar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na na'urar kuma yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar diode don wani ƙarfin wutar lantarki na bas, yawanci tare da gefen aminci.
• Halin Yanzu na Ci Gaba (IF):8A. Wannan shine matsakaicin matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba wanda diode zai iya gudanar da shi akai-akai, wanda aka iyakance ta hanyar matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa da juriyar zafi. An ƙayyade ƙimar 8A a zafin jiki (TC) na 25°C. A aikace-aikace na gaske, rage ƙima dangane da ainihin yanayin aiki yana da mahimmanci.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Yawanci 1.5V a 8A da zafin haɗin gwiwa (TJ) na 25°C, tare da matsakaicin 1.85V. Wannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci don ƙididdige asarar gudanarwa (P_conduction = VF * IF). Ƙarancin VF shine babban fa'idar fasahar SiC Schottky, wanda ke ba da gudummawa kai tsaye ga ingantaccen tsarin. Lura cewa VF yana da ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau, ma'ana yana raguwa kaɗan yayin da zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa, wanda ke taimakawa hana rugujewar zafi a cikin tsararrun layi daya.
• Halin Yanzu na Komawa (IR):Yawanci 2µA a 520V da TJ 25°C. Wannan shine halin yanzu na ɓarna lokacin da diode ya kasance a baya. Ƙarancin halin yanzu na ɓarna yana rage asarar wutar lantarki a yanayin kashewa.
• Jimlar Cajin Ƙarfin Ƙarfi (QC):12 nC (na al'ada) a VR=400V. Wannan ma'auni ne mai mahimmanci don saurin sauyawa mai girma. QC yana wakiltar cajin da ke da alaƙa da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwar diode wanda dole ne a canza shi yayin kowane zagayowar sauyawa. Ƙaramin ƙimar QC yana haifar da ƙananan asarar sauyawa kai tsaye, yana ba da damar aiki a mafi girman mitar.
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba Wanda Ba Zai Maimaita Ba (IFSM):29A. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu mai ƙarfi wanda ba zai maimaita ba na ɗan gajeren lokaci (10ms, rabin igiyar sine). Yana nuna ikon na'urar don jure igiyar ruwa mai ƙarfi ko kuskuren halin yanzu, kamar waɗanda ake fuskanta yayin farawa ko canje-canjen kaya.

2.2 Halayen Zafi

Sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci ga aminci da aiki.

• Matsakaicin Zafin Haɗin Gwiwa (TJ,max):175°C. Wannan shine matsakaicin zafin jiki wanda haɗin gwiwar semiconductor zai iya jurewa. Ci gaba da aiki a wannan iyaka ko kusa da shi zai rage rayuwar na'urar sosai.
• Juriyar Zafi, Haɗin Gwiwa-zuwa-Kunshi (RθJC):1.9 °C/W (na al'ada). Wannan ma'auni yana ƙididdige juriyar zafi tsakanin die na semiconductor (haɗin gwiwa) da waje na kunshin. Ƙananan ƙima yana nuna ingantaccen canja wurin zafi daga die zuwa heatsink. Ana iya ƙididdige haɓakar zafin haɗin gwiwa gabaɗaya kamar ΔTJ = PD * RθJC, inda PD shine wutar lantarki da aka ɓata a cikin diode.
• Jimlar Ragewar Wutar Lantarki (PD):42W a TC=25°C. Wannan shine matsakaicin wutar lantarki da na'urar za ta iya ɓata a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji. A aikace, ƙimar ɓatarwar da aka yarda tana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa.

3. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayani tana ba da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa masu mahimmanci don ƙira da bincike.

3.1 Halayen VF-IF

Wannan jadawalin yana nuna ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (VF) akan halin yanzu na gaba (IF). Yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta da layi, yawanci yana farawa da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gwiwa sannan ya ƙaru kusan layi daya. Masu ƙira suna amfani da wannan lanƙwasa don ƙayyade asarar gudanarwa daidai a takamaiman halin yanzu na aiki, wanda ya fi daidai fiye da amfani da ƙimar VF guda ɗaya.

3.2 Halayen VR-IR

Wannan lanƙwasa yana kwatanta halin yanzu na ɓarna na baya (IR) a matsayin aikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya da aka yi amfani da shi (VR). Yana nuna yadda halin yanzu na ɓarna ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya da zafin haɗin gwiwa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ƙididdige asarar yanayin kashewa, musamman a cikin aikace-aikacen wutar lantarki mai girma.

3.3 Halayen VR-Ct

Wannan jadawalin yana nuna jimlar ƙarfin ƙarfi (Ct) na diode akan ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya (VR). Ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa yana da ƙarfi sosai wanda ba shi da layi, yana raguwa sosai yayin da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya ke ƙaruwa (daga 208 pF a 1V zuwa 18 pF a 400V). Wannan ƙarfin ƙarfi mara layi shine babban abu don ƙididdige halayen sauyawa da ma'auni na QC.

3.4 Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Zafin Jiki

Wannan lanƙwasa na rage ƙima yana nuna yadda matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka yarda (IF) ke raguwa yayin da zafin jiki (TC) ke ƙaruwa. Shi ne jagora na asali don ƙirar heatsink, yana tabbatar da cewa zafin haɗin gwiwa bai wuce matsakaicin ƙimarsa ba a ƙarƙashin duk yanayin aiki.

3.5 Juriyar Zafi na Wucin Gadi

Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna juriyar zafi na wucin gadi (ZθJC) akan faɗin bugun jini. Yana da mahimmanci don kimanta haɓakar zafin haɗin gwiwa yayin bugun jini na wucin gadi na ɗan gajeren lokaci, kamar waɗanda ke faruwa yayin abubuwan sauyawa ko yanayin igiyar ruwa. Girman zafi na kunshin yana haifar da juriyar zafi mai tasiri ya zama ƙasa ga ƙananan bugun jini.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

4.1 Tsarin Kunshi da Girman

Na'urar tana amfani da kunshin TO-247-2L na ma'aunin masana'antu. Muhimman girma daga zanen tsarin sun haɗa da jimlar tsawon kunshi kusan 20.0 mm, faɗin 16.26 mm, da tsayi na 4.7 mm (ban da jagororin). Jagororin suna da takamaiman kauri da tazara don tabbatar da dacewa da tsarin PCB na daidaitaccen da ramukan hawa na heatsink.

4.2 Tsarin Fil da Gano Polarity

Kunshin TO-247-2L yana da jagora biyu. Fil 1 an gano shi a matsayin Cathode (K), kuma Fil 2 shine Anode (A). Muhimmanci, tab ɗin karfe ko kunshin kunshin yana haɗe da wutar lantarki zuwa Cathode. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan a hankali yayin hawa don tabbatar da keɓancewar wutar lantarki daidai idan heatsink baya cikin yanayin cathode. An ba da tsarin ƙasa na PCB da aka ba da shawarar (tsarin kushin) don tabbatar da ingantaccen gishiri da aikin zafi lokacin amfani da nau'in jagora na saman.

5. Jagororin Hawa da Taro

Ingantaccen shigarwa yana da mahimmanci ga aiki da aminci.

• Ƙarfin Hawa:Ƙarfin hawan da aka ba da shawarar don dunƙulewar gyara (M3 ko 6-32) shine 8.8 N·cm (ko 8.8 lbf-in). Yin amfani da ƙarfin daidai yana tabbatar da mafi kyawun hulɗar zafi tsakanin kunshin kunshi da heatsink ba tare da lalata kunshin ba.
• Kayan Hulɗar Zafi (TIM):Dole ne a ko da yaushe a yi amfani da man zafi ko kushin da ya dace tsakanin kunshin diode da heatsink don cika ƙananan tazarar iska da rage juriyar zafi.
• Keɓancewar Wutar Lantarki:Tun da kunshin yana haɗe da cathode, ana buƙatar kushin keɓancewar wutar lantarki amma mai ɗaukar zafi (misali, mica, robar silicone mai cike da yumbu) idan heatsink yana cikin yanayi daban. Dole ne ƙimar keɓancewar wutar lantarki na wannan kushin ta wuce ƙarfin wutar lantarki na tsarin.
• Yanayin Ajiya:Ya kamata a adana na'urar a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na -55°C zuwa +175°C a cikin yanayi mai bushewa, mara lalata.

6. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

6.1 Daidaitattun Da'irori na Aikace-aikace

Wannan SiC Schottky diode ya dace da kyau ga da'irori masu mahimmanci na wutar lantarki da yawa:

• Gyaran Faktor na Wutar Lantarki (PFC):Ana amfani dashi a matakin mai haɓaka na wadatar wutar lantarki mai sauyawa (SMPS). Saurin sauyawa da ƙarancin QC suna rage asarar sauyawa a mitoci masu girma (sau da yawa 65kHz zuwa 150kHz), suna inganta ingancin matakin PFC.
• Matakin DC-AC na Mai Juyawar Rana:Ana amfani dashi a cikin gadar mai juyawa ko kuma a matsayin diode mai juyawa. Babban ƙimar ƙarfin wutar lantarki da inganci suna ba da gudummawa ga mafi girman ingancin mai juyawa gabaɗaya, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga yawan makamashin hasken rana.
• Wadatar Wutar Lantarki Mara Katsewa (UPS):Ana amfani dashi a cikin sassan mai gyara/caja da mai juyawa. Babban ƙarfin ɗaukar igiyar ruwa (IFSM) yana taimakawa sarrafa halin yanzu na cajin baturi da sauye-sauyen kaya na fitarwa.
• Masu Juyawar Injin Motoci:Yana aiki a matsayin diode mai juyawa a fadin Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) ko MOSFETs a cikin gadar fitarwa. Rashin cajin dawowa yana kawar da asarar dawowa da ƙarfin wutar lantarki masu alaƙa, yana ba da damar sauyawa mai santsi da rage tsangwama na lantarki (EMI).

6.2 Abubuwan Ƙira

• Da'irori na Snubber:Saboda saurin sauyawa sosai kuma ba shi da dawowa da gaske, da'irori na snubber don sarrafa di/dt ko dv/dt za a iya sauƙaƙa su ko ma ba su da buƙata idan aka kwatanta da diode na haɗin gwiwar PN na silicon. Duk da haka, ƙarancin inductance na parasitic da tsarin ya haifar zai iya haifar da wuce gona da iri na ƙarfin wutar lantarki kuma dole ne a rage shi sosai tare da tsarin PCB mai ƙarfi.
• Aikin Layi Daya:Matsakaicin ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau na VF yana sa waɗannan diode su dace da gaske don aikin layi daya don ƙara sarrafa halin yanzu. Yayin da diode ɗaya ya yi zafi, VF ɗinsa yana raguwa, yana sa shi ya raba ƙarin halin yanzu, wanda ke haɓaka daidaita halin yanzu maimakon rugujewar zafi. Duk da haka, ana ba da shawarar kulawa sosai ga tsarin daidaitaccen tsari da haɗin gwiwar zafi.
• Girman Heatsink:Yi amfani da ragewar wutar lantarki (wanda aka ƙididdige daga VF da IR), RθJC, da lanƙwasa rage ƙima don daidaita girman heatsink daidai. Manufar ita ce kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa ƙasa da 175°C (misali, 125-150°C) don dogon lokacin aminci.

7. Kwatancen Fasaha da Fa'idodi

Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun diode na dawowa mai sauri (FRDs) na silicon ko ma diode na PN na silicon, wannan SiC Schottky diode yana ba da fa'idodi daban-daban:

• Kusan Sifili Dawowa:Shinge na Schottky na'urar mai ɗaukar mafi yawa ne, ba kamar haɗin gwiwar PN waɗanda suke na'urori masu ɗaukar ƙananan ba. Wannan yana kawar da cajin da aka adana da lokacin dawowa mai alaƙa (trr) da halin yanzu (Irr). Wannan shine babban fa'ida ɗaya mafi mahimmanci, wanda ke haifar da raguwar asarar sauyawa sosai.
• Matsakaicin Zafin Aiki:Faɗin bandgap na Silicon Carbide yana ba da damar mafi girman zafin haɗin gwiwa (175°C idan aka kwatanta da yawanci 150°C na silicon), yana ba da ƙarin gefen ƙira ko ba da damar ƙananan heatsinks.
• Matsakaicin Mitocin Sauyawa:Haɗin ƙarancin QC da rashin dawowa yana ba da damar aiki mai inganci a mitoci mafi girma. Wannan yana ba da damar amfani da ƙananan abubuwa masu ƙarfi (inductors, capacitors, transformers), yana ƙara ƙarfin wutar lantarki.
• Ƙarancin Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba:A halin yanzu na aiki na al'ada, SiC Schottky diode sau da yawa suna da VF mai kwatankwacin ko ƙasa da na FRDs na silicon mai ƙarfin wutar lantarki, suna rage asarar gudanarwa.
• Ciniki:Babban ciniki na tarihi shine farashi, ko da yake farashin na'urar SiC ya ragu sosai. Haka kuma, halin yanzu na ɓarna na baya na diode na Schottky gabaɗaya ya fi na diode na PN kuma yana ƙaruwa da sauri tare da zafin jiki, wanda zai iya zama la'akari a cikin aikace-aikacen zafi mai girma sosai.

8. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q1: Me ake nufi da "kusan babu asarar sauyawa" a aikace?

A1: Yana nufin babban tsarin asarar sauyawa a cikin diode—asarar dawowa—ba shi da mahimmanci. Duk da haka, asara har yanzu tana faruwa saboda caji da cire cajin ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa (mai alaƙa da QC). Waɗannan asarar ƙarfin ƙarfi yawanci sun fi ƙanƙanta fiye da asarar dawowa na diode na silicon, musamman a mitoci masu girma.

Q2: Ta yaya zan zaɓi heatsink don wannan diode?

A2: Na farko, ƙididdige mafi munin yanayin ɓatarwar wutar lantarki: PD = (VF * IF_avg) + (VR * IR_avg). Yi amfani da ƙimar VF da IR a zafin haɗin gwiwar aiki da kuke tsammani. Sa'an nan, ƙayyade manufar ku matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa (misali, 140°C). Ana iya samun juriyar zafi da ake buƙata na heatsink (RθSA) daga: RθSA = (TJ - TA) / PD - RθJC - RθCS, inda TA shine zafin yanayi kuma RθCS shine juriyar zafi na kayan hulɗa.

Q3: Shin zan iya amfani da wannan diode kai tsaye a matsayin maye gurbin diode na silicon a cikin da'irar da nake da ita?

A3: Ba koyaushe ba tare da bita ba. Duk da yake filout da kunshi na iya dacewa, saurin sauyawa zai iya haifar da ƙarin ƙarfin wutar lantarki saboda ƙarancin inductance na parasitic na da'ira. Tuki na ƙofar ko sarrafa transistor ɗin sauyawa mai alaƙa na iya buƙatar daidaitawa. Ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba kuma na iya canza halayen da'ira kaɗan. Ana ba da shawarar cikakken bitar ƙira.

Q4: Me yasa kunshin yake haɗe da cathode?

A4: Wannan ya zama ruwan dare a cikin kunshuna masu ƙarfi. Yana ba da damar babban tab ɗin karfe, wanda ke da kyau don canja wurin zafi, a yi amfani da shi azaman haɗin wutar lantarki. Wannan yana rage ƙarancin inductance a cikin hanyar cathode, wanda ke da amfani ga saurin sauyawa. Yana buƙatar keɓancewa a hankali idan heatsink baya cikin yanayin cathode.

9: Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira na Aiki

Yanayi: Ƙirar Matakin PFC Mai Haɓaka na 1.5kW.

Ɗauki kewayon ƙarfin wutar lantarki na shigarwa na 85-265VAC, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na fitarwa na 400VDC, da mitar sauyawa na 100kHz. Dole ne diode mai haɓaka ya toshe 400V kuma ya ɗauki halin yanzu na inductor. Ƙididdiga sun nuna matsakaicin halin yanzu kusan 10A da matsakaicin halin yanzu na diode kusan 4A.



Diode na silicon mai sauri tare da trr na 50ns da QC na 30nC zai haifar da asarar dawowa mai mahimmanci a 100kHz. Ta hanyar zaɓar wannan SiC Schottky diode (QC=12nC, babu trr), an rage asarar sauyawa a cikin diode zuwa asarar ƙarfin ƙarfi kawai. Wannan yana inganta inganci kai tsaye da 0.5-1.5%, yana rage samar da zafi, kuma yana iya ba da damar ƙaramin heatsink ko ba da damar aiki a mafi girman zafin yanayi. Ƙirar kuma tana amfana da rage EMI saboda rashin ƙarfin halin yanzu na dawowa.

10. Ka'idar Aiki

An kafa diode na Schottky ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar karfe-semiconductor, ba kamar diode na haɗin gwiwar PN na daidaitaccen wanda ke amfani da haɗin gwiwar semiconductor-semiconductor ba. A cikin SiC Schottky diode, an ajiye karfe (misali, Titanium) akan Silicon Carbide. Wannan yana haifar da shinge na Schottky wanda ke ba da damar halin yanzu ya gudana cikin 'yanci a cikin shugabanci na gaba lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙaramin ƙarfin wutar lantarki (ƙananan VF). A cikin shugabanci na baya, shinge yana toshe kwararar halin yanzu. Saboda gudanarwa ya dogara ne kawai akan masu ɗaukar mafi yawa (electrons a cikin substrate na SiC na N-type), babu allurar da adana masu ɗaukar ƙananan. Saboda haka, lokacin da ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya koma baya, babu cajin da aka adana da za a cire, yana haifar da halayen kashewa kusan nan take da rashin dawowa.

11. Trends na Fasaha

Na'urorin wutar lantarki na Silicon Carbide, gami da diode na Schottky da MOSFETs, suna wakiltar babban al'ada a cikin na'urorin wutar lantarki zuwa mafi girman inganci, mitoci, da ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Kasuwa yana motsawa daga na'urori 600-650V (masa gasa da silicon Superjunction MOSFETs da IGBTs) zuwa ƙimar 1200V da 1700V don aikace-aikacen masana'antu da na mota. Haɗin diode na SiC tare da MOSFETs na SiC a cikin modules yana zama ruwan dare don cikakkun matakan wutar lantarki masu inganci. Ci gaba da inganta ingancin kayan SiC da hanyoyin ƙira suna rage farashi da inganta amincin na'urar, suna sa fasahar SiC ta zama zaɓin da aka fi so don sabbin ƙira a cikin aikace-aikacen matsakaici da babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki inda aiki ke da mahimmanci.