Takardar Bayanin Fasaha na Diyod na SiC Schottky TO-247-2L - 650V, 6A, 1.5V

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takardar ta ba da cikakken bayani game da sigogi na babban diyod na Silicon Carbide (SiC) Schottky Barrier Diode (SBD) da ke cikin kunshin TO-247-2L. An ƙera na'urar don aikace-aikacen canza wutar lantarki waɗanda ke buƙatar inganci mai girma, aiki mai girma, da ingantaccen aikin zafi. Aikin sa na asali shine samar da kwararar wutar lantarki guda ɗaya tare da ƙarancin asarar sauyawa da cajin dawowa, wanda ke da fa'ida mai mahimmanci akan diyod na al'ada na silicon PN-junction.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan diyod na SiC Schottky ya samo asali ne daga kaddarorin kayan Silicon Carbide. Manyan fa'idodi sun haɗa da ƙarancin ƙarancin wutar lantarki (VF), wanda ke rage asarar gudanarwa, da kuma saurin sauyawa na asali tare da kusan babu cajin dawowa (Qc). Wannan yana ba da damar aiki a mafi girma, wanda ke haifar da ƙananan abubuwan da ba su da ƙarfi (inductors, capacitors) da rage girman tsarin gaba ɗaya. Babban yanayin zafi na junction (TJ,max) na 175°C yana ba da damar aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai wahala ko kuma ba da izinin amfani da ƙananan masu sanyaya zafi. Waɗannan halaye sun sa ya zama mai kyau ga sabbin wadatar wutar lantarki masu girma. Aikace-aikacen da ake nufi an bayyana su a fili azaman da'irori na Gyara Factor na Wutar Lantarki (PFC) a cikin Wadatar Wutar Lantarki mai Sauyin Sauyi (SMPS), masu juyawa na hasken rana, Wadatar Wutar Lantarki marasa Katsewa (UPS), motoci, da kayan aikin wutar lantarki na cibiyar bayanai, inda inganci da girmar wutar lantarki suke mahimman sigogi.

2. Bincike mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

The datasheet provides comprehensive electrical and thermal ratings essential for reliable circuit design. Understanding these parameters is crucial for ensuring the device operates within its safe operating area (SOA).

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsayi

Waɗannan sigogi suna bayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a nufin su don aiki na al'ada ba. Manyan sigogi sun haɗa da: Maimaita Kololuwar Wutar Lantarki ta Baya (VRRM) da Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsayi na DC (VR) na 650V, suna bayyana matsakaicin izinin baya. Halin Gaba na Ci gaba (IF) an ƙididdige shi a 6A, wanda ke iyakance ta matsakaicin yanayin zafi da juriyar zafi. Muhimmin sigogi shine wutar lantarki mara maimaitawa (IFSM) na 24A na tsawon rabin igiyar igiya na 10ms, yana nuna ƙarfi a kan ɗaukar nauyi na ɗan lokaci. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na junction (TJ) shine 175°C, kuma an ƙayyade matsakaicin watsawar wutar lantarki (PD) a matsayin 71W a yanayin zafi na kunshi (TC) na 25°C, ko da yake wannan ya dogara da sarrafa zafi.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakkun bayanai game da ƙimar aiki ta al'ada da matsakaici a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji. Wutar lantarki ta gaba (VF) sigogi ne mai mahimmanci don lissafin asarar gudanarwa; yawanci 1.5V ne a 6A da 25°C, yana ƙaruwa zuwa matsakaicin 1.9V a babban yanayin zafi na 175°C. Wutar lantarki ta baya (IR) tana da ƙarancin ƙarfi, yawanci 0.8µA a 520V da 25°C, yana nuna kyakkyawan iyawar toshewa na junction na SiC Schottky. Wataƙila mafi mahimmancin fasalin shine jimlar cajin capacitive (QC), wanda aka ƙayyade a matsayin 10nC a 400V. Wannan ƙaramin ƙima yana tabbatar da halayen dawowa kusan sifili, wanda shine tushen saurin sauyawa na diyod da ƙarancin asarar sauyawa. Makamashin da aka adana na capacitance (EC) yana da ƙarancin ƙima a 1.5µJ.

2.3 Halayen Zafi

Ingantaccen sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci ga amincin aiki. Muhimmin sigogi a nan shine Juriyar Zafi daga Junction zuwa Kunshi (Rth(JC)), tare da ƙimar al'ada na 2.1°C/W. Wannan ƙaramin ƙima yana nuna ingantaccen canja wurin zafi daga die na semiconductor zuwa kunshin na'urar, wanda dole ne a watsa shi ta hanyar mai sanyaya zafi. Ana amfani da ƙimar juriyar zafi tare da watsawar wutar lantarki da yanayin yanayi/kunshi don ƙididdige ainihin yanayin zafi na junction ta amfani da dabara: TJ = TC + (PD * Rth(JC)). Tabbatar da TJ ya kasance ƙasa da 175°C yana da mahimmanci ga amincin aiki na dogon lokaci.

3. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Bayanan hoto suna ba da haske game da halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki daban-daban, suna haɓaka bayanan tebur.

3.1 Halayen VF-IF

Lanƙwasa wutar lantarki ta gaba da halin gaba yana nuna halayen gudanarwa na diyod. Yawanci yana nuna alaƙar ƙima a ƙananan wutar lantarki, yana canzawa zuwa mafi alaƙa ta layi wacce ke mamaye juriyar layi a mafi girma kamar ƙimar 6A. Ƙarfin yanayin zafi na VF (yana ƙaruwa da zafin jiki) halaye ne masu fa'ida don aiki na layi, saboda yana haɓaka raba wutar lantarki kuma yana hana guduwar zafi.

3.2 Matsakaicin Halin Gaba vs. Yanayin Zafi na Kunshi

Wannan lanƙwasa rage ƙima yana nuna yadda matsakaicin izinin halin gaba na ci gaba (IF) yana raguwa yayin da yanayin zafi na kunshi (TC) ya ƙaru. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi amfani da wannan jadawali don tantance amintaccen wutar lantarki na aiki don takamaiman yanayin zafinsu. A matsakaicin yanayin zafi na kunshi (wanda zai zama ƙasa da TJ,max), izinin wutar lantarki na iya zama ƙasa da ƙimar 6A a 25°C.

3.3 Tsangwama na Tsangwama na Zafi

Lanƙwasa juriyar zafi na ɗan lokaci da faɗin bugun jini yana da mahimmanci don kimanta aikin zafi a ƙarƙashin yanayin ɗaukar nauyi na bugun jini, wanda ke gama gari a aikace-aikacen sauyawa. Yana nuna cewa ga ƙananan bugun jini, ingantaccen juriyar zafi daga junction zuwa kunshi yana ƙasa da Rth(JC) na tsayayye, ma'ana hawan yanayin zafi na junction don bugun jini guda ɗaya ya fi ƙasa da na ci gaba da watsa wannan wutar lantarki. Ana amfani da wannan bayanan don binciken asara a cikin masu canza wutar lantarki.

4. Bayanan Injiniya da Kunshi

4.1 Tsarin Fil da Polarity

Na'urar tana amfani da kunshin TO-247-2L tare da manyan biyu. Fil 1 an gane shi azaman Cathode (K), kuma Fil 2 shine Anode (A). Muhimmanci, tab ɗin karfe ko kunshin kunshin kuma an haɗa shi da Cathode. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan a hankali yayin maƙalla, saboda tab ɗin yawanci yana buƙatar keɓancewar lantarki daga mai sanyaya zafi (ta amfani da wanki mai rufewa) sai dai idan mai sanyaya zafi yana a matsayin cathode.

4.2 Girman Kunshi da Maƙallan

Takardar bayanin ta haɗa da cikakkun zane-zane na injiniya tare da girma a millimita don kunshin TO-247-2L. Hakanan yana ba da shimfidar fakitin da aka ba da shawarar don siffar jagora mai saman, wanda ke da amfani ga ƙirar PCB idan an ƙirƙiri manyan don maƙalla saman. An ƙayyade matsakaicin ƙarfin juzu'i na screw da ake amfani da shi don haɗa na'urar zuwa mai sanyaya zafi a matsayin 8.8 Nm (ko daidai a cikin lbf-in) don screw M3 ko 6-32. Yin amfani da daidaitaccen ƙarfin juzu'i yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da kyakkyawar hulɗar zafi ba tare da lalata kunshin ba.

5. Jagororin Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ɗauka a Zaman Ɗaki

5.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Babban aikace-aikacen da aka haskaka shine Gyara Factor na Wutar Lantarki (PFC), musamman a cikin tsarin masu haɓaka wutar lantarki. A cikin da'irar haɓaka PFC, diyod yana ɗaukar wutar lantarki na inductor lokacin da babban maɓalli ya kashe. Saurin sauyawa da ƙarancin Qc na wannan diyod na SiC suna rage asarar kashewa da ke da alaƙa da dawowa, yana ba da damar mafi girma. Wannan yana haifar da ƙananan abubuwan maganadisu (inductor ɗin haɓaka) da ingantaccen girmar wutar lantarki. Sauran aikace-aikace kamar masu juyawa na hasken rana da tsarin UPS suna amfana da haka a matakan haɗin DC ko fitarwa.

5.2 Ƙirar Zafi da Sanyaya Zafi

Muhimmin aikin ƙira shine zaɓar mai sanyaya zafi da ya dace. Tsarin ya haɗa da: 1) Ƙididdige jimillar watsawar wutar lantarki a cikin diyod (asarar gudanarwa + asarar sauyawa, ko da yake asarar sauyawa ba ta da yawa). 2) Ƙayyade matsakaicin izinin yanayin zafi na kunshi dangane da yanayin yanayi, buƙatun aminci, da juriyar zafi daga junction zuwa kunshi. 3) Yin amfani da wannan don ƙididdige buƙatun juriyar zafi na mai sanyaya zafi (Rth(SA)). Dabarar ita ce: Rth(SA) = (TC - TA) / PD - Rth(JC) - Rth(CS), inda Rth(CS) shine juriyar zafi na kayan mu'amala (man zafi/fakitin zafi). Ƙaramin Qc kai tsaye yana rage asarar sauyawa, wanda kuma yana rage buƙatun mai sanyaya zafi, yana ba da damar ceton kuɗi da girma kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin fasali.

5.3 Aiki na Layi

Ƙarfin yanayin zafi na VF yana sauƙaƙa amintaccen aiki na layi na na'urori da yawa don ƙarfin wutar lantarki mafi girma. Yayin da diyod ɗaya ya yi zafi kuma VF ɗinsa ya ƙaru, wutar lantarki ta canza kai tsaye zuwa na'urar mai sanyaya a layi, yana haɓaka rabon wutar lantarki mai daidaito. Wannan fa'ida ce mai mahimmanci akan wasu diyod masu ƙarancin yanayin zafi waɗanda zasu iya fama da guduwar zafi a cikin tsarin layi.

6. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambanci

Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun diyod na saurin dawowa na silicon (FRDs) ko ma diyod na saurin dawowa, wannan diyod na SiC Schottky yana ba da fa'idodi na asali. Diyod na silicon suna da babban cajin dawowa (Qrr), wanda ke haifar da asarar sauyawa mai mahimmanci, ƙwanƙwasa wutar lantarki, da tsangwama na lantarki (EMI) a lokacin kashewa. Qc na diyod na SiC Schottky yana da ƙananan ƙima sosai, kusan kawar da waɗannan matsalolin. Yayin da diyod na silicon carbide Schottky a tarihi suna da mafi girma fiye da diyod na silicon PN, na'urori na zamani kamar wannan sun sami ƙimar VF masu gasa (1.5V) yayin da suke riƙe da fa'idodin sauyawa. Babban matsakaicin yanayin aiki (175°C vs. yawanci 150°C don silicon) kuma yana ba da amincin aminci a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma.

7. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

7.1 Me ake nufi da "ba kusan asarar sauyawa"?

Wannan yana nufin kusan rashin asarar dawowa. A cikin da'irar sauyawa, lokacin da aka canza diyod daga gudanarwa gaba zuwa toshewa baya, cajin da aka adana a cikin diyod na al'ada dole ne a cire shi, yana haifar da bugun wutar lantarki ta baya da asarar makamashi mai alaƙa. Qc na diyod na SiC Schottky na 10nC kawai yana nufin wannan cajin ƙanƙane ne, yana sa asarar sauyawa ba ta da mahimmanci idan aka kwatanta da asarar gudanarwa.

7.2 Ta yaya ƙaramin Qc ke ba da damar aiki mafi girma?

Asarar sauyawa yana daidai da saurin sauyawa. Tare da diyod na al'ada, babban asarar dawowa yana iyakance matsakaicin saurin sauyawa na ainihi saboda yawan zafi. Tunda asarar sauyawa na diyod na SiC ba ta da yawa, ana iya ƙara saurin sosai. Mafi girma yana ba da damar amfani da ƙananan inductors da transformers, yana ƙara girmar wutar lantarki kai tsaye.

7.3 Me yasa kunshi ke haɗe da cathode, kuma menene abubuwan da ke tattare da shi?

Wannan ƙira ce ta gama gari a cikin kunshin wutar lantarki don dalilai na lantarki da zafi. Yana nufin tab ɗin karfe, wanda shine babban hanyar zafi, yana da rai a lantarki (a matsayin cathode). Don haka, idan an ɗora na'urori da yawa akan matsakaicin damuwa daban-daban akan mai sanyaya zafi guda ɗaya, dole ne a yi amfani da kayan aikin keɓewa (washers na mica, fakitin silicone, da sauransu) don hana gajerun hanyoyin. Dole ne kayan mu'amala na zafi su kasance da ƙarfin dielectric mai kyau.

8. Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira mai Amfani

Yi la'akari da ƙirar matakin haɓaka PFC na 1kW, 80kHz tare da fitar wutar lantarki na 400VDC. Diyod na silicon ultrafast na iya samun Qrr na 50nC. Ana iya ƙiyasin asarar dawowa kowace zagaye kamar 0.5 * Vout * Qrr * fsw. Wannan zai zama 0.5 * 400V * 50nC * 80kHz = 0.8W. Yin amfani da diyod na SiC Schottky tare da Qc=10nC yana rage wannan asara zuwa 0.5 * 400V * 10nC * 80kHz = 0.16W, ceton 0.64W. Wannan rage asara yana rage yanayin zafi na junction ko kuma yana ba da damar ƙaramin mai sanyaya zafi. Bugu da ƙari, rashin wutar lantarki ta dawowa yana rage damuwa akan babban maɓalli (MOSFET/IGBT) kuma yana rage EMI, yana iya sauƙaƙe ƙirar tacewa.

9. Ka'idar Aiki

An ƙirƙiri diyod na Schottky ta hanyar haɗin karfe-semiconductor, ba kamar diyod na PN junction ba. A cikin diyod na Silicon Carbide Schottky, an yi hulɗar karfe zuwa semiconductor na SiC mai faɗin bandeji. Wannan tsari yana haifar da ƙarancin wutar lantarki ta gaba don takamaiman yawan wutar lantarki idan aka kwatanta da diyod na PN junction kuma, mahimmanci, ba shi da adana mai ɗaukar ƙarancin. Don haka, lokacin da wutar lantarki ta koma baya, babu tsarin jinkirin haɗuwa mai ɗaukar ƙarancin da zai haifar da wutar lantarki ta dawowa; capacitance na junction kawai yana fitarwa. Wannan shine ainihin dalilin saurin sauyawa da ƙarancin Qc.

10. Trends na Fasaha

Na'urorin wutar lantarki na Silicon Carbide, gami da diyod na Schottky da MOSFETs, su ne babbar fasaha mai ba da dama don na'urorin lantarki na zamani masu inganci. Trends yana zuwa ga mafi girma (misali, 1200V, 1700V) don aikace-aikace kamar masu juyawa na motocin lantarki da tuƙi na masana'antu, ƙarancin juriya akan MOSFETs, da ingantaccen amincin aiki. Haɗin kai kuma trends ne, tare da fitowar modules na wutar lantarki waɗanda ke haɗa MOSFETs na SiC da diyod na Schottky a cikin rabin gada ko wasu tsari. Yayin da yawan masana'antu ke ƙaruwa da farashin ke raguwa, fasahar SiC tana ci gaba da maye gurbin silicon IGBTs da diyod a cikin aikace-aikacen matsakaicin wutar lantarki inda inganci, sauri, da girmar wutar lantarki suke abubuwan da ke motsa jiki.