Takardar Bayanin Fasaha ta LTP-14088KD-J - Na'urar Nuna LED Dot Matrix - Tsawon Inci 1.50 - Jan Hyper 650nm - Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba 2.6V - Ragewar Wutar Lantarki 70mW

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTP-14088KD-J na'urar nuni ce ta LED Dot Matrix mai ƙarfi, mai jirgin sama guda 8x8. Babban aikinta shine samar da ikon nuna haruffa da alamomi a cikin tsari mai ƙarfi, amintacce. Babban fa'idar wannan na'urar ya ta'allaka ne a cikin amfani da ci-gaba na AS-AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) Jan Hyper LED guntu, waɗanda aka girma a kan tushen GaAs. Wannan fasaha tana ba da ingantaccen ingancin haske da tsaftar launi don fitar da jajayen haske idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP na yau da kullun. Na'urar nuni tana da fuskar baƙi tare da launin farin ɗigo, yana ba da bambanci mai kyau don karantawa. An ƙera shi don ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki kuma yana ba da fa'idar kallo mai faɗi, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen nuna bayanai daban-daban inda bayyananniyar ganuwa ta kasance mafi mahimmanci. An rarraba na'urar don ƙarfin haske, yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin raka'a, kuma an tattara shi a cikin tsarin da bai ƙunshi gubar ba wanda ya dace da umarnin RoHS.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hoto da Na Gani

Aikin gani shine tsakiyar aikin na'urar nuni. A daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na 32mA tare da zagayowar aiki 1/16, matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin haske kowace ɗigo shine 2475 µcd (microcandelas), tare da ƙayyadadden ƙimar mafi ƙanƙanta 1020 µcd. Matsakaicin tsayin tsayin fitarwa (λp) yawanci shine nanomita 650 (nm), yana faɗowa cikin bakan jajayen haske mai zurfi. An ƙayyade tsayin tsayin rinjaye (λd) a 639 nm. Rabin nisa na layin bakan (Δλ) shine 20 nm, yana nuna kunkuntar bandwidth da tsaftar launin fitarwa. Muhimmin ma'auni don daidaiton nuni shine Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken, wanda aka ƙayyade a matsayin 2:1 mafi girma don ɗigo a cikin yanki mai haske iri ɗaya. Wannan yana nufin cewa mafi haske ɗigo a cikin rukuni bai kamata ya fi haske sau biyu fiye da mafi duhu ba, yana tabbatar da yarda da daidaiton gani a cikin matrix.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki

Ma'auni na lantarki suna ayyana iyakokin aiki da buƙatun wutar lantarki. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) don kowane ɗigon LED ɗaya yana tsakanin 2.1V zuwa 2.8V, ya danganta da ƙarfin tuƙi. A daidaitaccen gwajin na 20mA, VF yana kewayo daga 2.1V (m) zuwa 2.6V (max). A mafi girman ƙarfin kololuwa na 80mA, wannan kewayon yana motsawa zuwa 2.3V zuwa 2.8V. Juyawar lantarki (IR) don kowane sashe shine matsakaicin 100 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da juyawar lantarki (VR) na 5V. Waɗannan ma'auni suna da mahimmanci don ƙirar daidaitaccen da'irar tuƙi ta akai-akai ko da yawa.

2.3 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar da La'akari da Zazzabi

Bin cikakkiyar matsakaicin ƙimar yana da mahimmanci ga amincin na'urar da tsawon rayuwa. Matsakaicin raguwar wutar lantarki kowace ɗigo bai kamata ya wuce milliwatts 70 (mW) ba. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba kowace ɗigo an ƙididdige shi a 90 mA, amma an ƙayyade wannan a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da mitar 1 kHz da zagayowar aiki 18%. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba kowace ɗigo yana da lanƙwasa raguwa; yana 25 mA a 25°C kuma yana raguwa a layi daya da 0.28 mA ga kowane digiri Celsius haɓaka a yanayin yanayi. Na'urar na iya aiki kuma a adana ta a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na -35°C zuwa +105°C. Don haɗawa, an ƙayyade yanayin soldering a matsayin 260°C na dakika 3 a wani batu inci 1/16 (kusan 1.6mm) a ƙasan farfajiyar zama.

3. Tsarin Rarrabawa da Rarrabawa

LTP-14088KD-J yana amfani da tsarin rarrabawa da farko don ƙarfin haske. Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin fasali da halayen lantarki, ana rarraba raka'a bisa ga ma'aunin matsakaicin haske. Takardar bayanin tana ba da mafi ƙanƙanta (1020 µcd) da kuma ƙima na yau da kullun (2475 µcd), yana nuna cewa ana gwada sassan samarwa kuma ana haɗa su bisa ga ƙarfinsu na gaske, mai yiwuwa zuwa nau'ikan fitarwa daban-daban ko rukuni. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa tare da daidaitaccen haske don aikace-aikacensu. Yayin da takardar ba ta ƙayyade filaye bayyananna don tsayin tsayi ko ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, an ba da iyakoki mafi ƙanƙanta/matsakaici don waɗannan ma'auni (misali, VF, λp) suna ayyana iyakokin yarda don duk raka'a da aka aika, suna tabbatar da sun faɗi cikin taga mai dacewa da aiki.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanin tana nufin wani sashe na Yawan Lantarki/Halayen Gani na Lanƙwasa. Duk da cewa ba a ba da takamaiman jadawali a cikin ɓangaren rubutun ba, irin waɗannan lanƙwasa waɗanda galibi ake haɗawa a cikin cikakkun takardun bayanai suna da mahimmanci don ƙira. Waɗannan yawanci za su haɗa da:

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V):Yana nuna yadda fitarwar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, yana taimakawa wajen inganta ƙarfin tuƙi don haske da inganci da ake so.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba:Mahimmanci don ƙididdige raguwar wutar lantarki da ƙirar wadataccen wutar lantarki don da'irar direba.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi:Yana nuna yadda fitarwar haske ke raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ke tashi, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikace a cikin yanayin zafi daban-daban.
• Rarraba Bakan:Jadawali da ke nuna ƙarfin hasken da aka fitar a tsawon tsayin daban-daban, wanda ya ta'allaka a kusa da kololuwar 650nm.

Ya kamata masu ƙira su tuntubi waɗannan lanƙwasa don fahimtar alaƙar da ba ta layi tsakanin halin yanzu, ƙarfin lantarki, zafin jiki, da fitarwar haske, yana ba da damar ƙirar tsarin ƙarfi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Ma'auni na Jiki da Haƙuri

Na'urar tana da tsayin matrix na inci 1.50 (37.0 mm). Zanen kunshin (wanda aka ambata amma ba a bayyana dalla-dalla a cikin rubutun ba) zai ba da mahimman ma'auni don ƙirar sawun PCB, gami da tsawon gabaɗaya, faɗi, tsayi, da tazarar fil. Manyan haƙuri da aka lura sun haɗa da: ±0.25mm don yawancin ma'auni, ƙimar canjin ƙarshen fil na ±0.4mm, da iyakoki akan kayan waje, gurɓataccen tawada, lanƙwasa, da kumfa a cikin sassan LED (wanda aka ƙayyade a cikin mil). Waɗannan suna tabbatar da amincin injiniya da kuma bayyananniyar bayyanar gani.

5.2 Saitin Fil da Da'irar Ciki

Na'urar nuni tana da tsarin fil 16. An ayyana fil ɗin a sarari: Fil 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 12, da 14 an haɗa su da cathodes na takamaiman layuka (misali, Cathode Layin 1, 2, 3...8). Fil 3, 4, 6, 10, 11, 13, 15, da 16 an haɗa su da anodes na takamaiman ginshiƙai (misali, Anode Column 1, 2, 3...8). Jadawalin da'irar ciki yana nuna daidaitaccen tsarin cathode gama gari don matrix 8x8. Kowane 64 na LED (ɗigo) an kafa shi a mahadar layin ginshiƙi anode ɗaya da layin layin cathode ɗaya. Don haskaka takamaiman ɗigo, dole ne a tuƙi fil ɗin anode ɗin da ya dace sama (tare da resistor mai iyakancewa halin yanzu), kuma dole ne a ja fil ɗin cathode ɗin da ya dace ƙasa.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Babban umarnin haɗawa da aka bayar shine don tsarin solder. Na'urar na iya jure wa igiyar ruwa ko sake karkatar da solder tare da sharadin cewa zafin solder a wani batu inci 1/16 (1.6mm) a ƙasan farfajiyar zama bai wuce 260°C fiye da dakika 3 ba. Wannan shine daidaitaccen bayanin martaba mai dacewa da IPC don solder mara gubar. Dole ne masu ƙira su tabbatar cewa tsarin haɗin PCB ɗin su ya bi wannan bayanin martaba na zafi don hana lalacewa ga guntu na LED ko kunshin filastik. Faɗin ajiya da kewayon zafin aiki (-35°C zuwa +105°C) yana ba da sassauci don sarrafawa da amfani a cikin yanayi daban-daban, amma yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD (Fitarwa na Lantarki) na yau da kullun yayin sarrafawa.

7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan na'urar nuni ta Dot Matrix 8x8 ta dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙanƙanta, ƙananan-zuwa-matsakaicin ƙuduri na haruffa ko sauƙaƙan nunin hoto. Amfanin gama gari sun haɗa da: alamomin yanayin panel ɗin sarrafa masana'antu, allunan saƙo masu sauƙi, karatun kayan aikin gwaji da aunawa, kayan aikin lantarki na ilimi, da na'urorin samfuri. Daidaitawarsa tare da lambobin haruffa na yau da kullun (ASCII) ya sa ya zama madaidaiciya don haɗawa tare da microcontrollers don nuna rubutu.

7.2 Manyan La'akari da Ƙira

• Da'irar Tuƙi:Na'urar nuni tana buƙatar tuƙi da yawa saboda tsarin matrix ɗinta. Dole ne a yi amfani da microcontroller tare da isassun fil ɗin I/O ko na'urori masu tuƙa LED (kamar MAX7219 ko HT16K33) don bin diddigin layuka da ginshiƙai a jere. Dole ne a mutunta ƙimar ƙarfin kololuwa (90mA bugun jini) a cikin ƙirar direba.
• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Resistors masu iyakancewa na waje wajibi ne ga kowane ginshiƙi na anode (ko a haɗa su cikin direba IC) don saita ƙarfin lantarki na gaba don LEDs, yawanci tsakanin 20-32mA don matsakaicin haske, dangane da zagayowar aiki.
• Ragewar Wutar Lantarki:Dole ne a ƙididdige iyakar 70mW kowace ɗigo da raguwar halin yanzu tare da zafin jiki don mafi munin yanayin aiki, musamman idan an kunna ɗigo da yawa lokaci guda na tsawon lokaci.
• Kusurwar Dubawa:Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana da fa'ida amma yakamata a yi la'akari da shi yayin ƙirar akwatin injiniya don tabbatar da cewa an daidaita na'urar nuni daidai ga mai amfani na ƙarshe.
• Tari:Fasalin zama mai iya tari a kwance yana nuna dacewar injiniya don ƙirar nunin haruffa da yawa mai faɗi, yana buƙatar daidaitawa da haɗin kai a cikin ƙirar PCB.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban abin da ya bambanta LTP-14088KD-J shine amfani da fasahar LED Jan Hyper na AlInGaP. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohin LED ja kamar GaAsP na yau da kullun ko GaP, AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen ingancin haske sosai. Wannan yana nufin zai iya samar da irin wannan ko mafi girman fitarwar haske (wanda aka auna a cikin µcd) a ƙaramin ƙarfin tuƙi, yana ba da gudummawar kai tsaye ga fasalin "ƙarancin buƙatar wutar lantarki". Hakanan gabaɗaya yana ba da launin ja mai cikakken cikakken cikakke (kusan 650nm) tare da mafi kyawun daidaito. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nunin 8x8 na girman jiki iri ɗaya, ƙarfinsa na haske da bin ka'idodin RoHS ƙarin fa'idar gasa ce ga kasuwanni masu kulawa da inganci da kuma ƙa'idodin muhalli.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayi (650nm) da tsayin tsayi (639nm)?

A: Tsayin tsayi shine tsayin tsayin da ƙarfin gani da aka fitar ya fi girma. Tsayin tsayin tsayi shine tsayin tsayin tsayin haske guda ɗaya wanda ya dace da launin da aka gane na hasken da aka fitar. Ƙananan bambanci al'ada ce kuma tana lissafin siffar bakan fitarwa na LED.

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan na'urar nuni tare da microcontroller 5V ba tare da direba IC ba?

A: Ba a ba da shawarar haɗin kai kai tsaye ba. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana kusan 2.6V, amma dole ne ka yi amfani da resistors masu iyakancewa halin yanzu. Mafi mahimmanci, tuƙa matrix 8x8 kai tsaye daga fil ɗin MCU ba shi da inganci kuma zai wuce ikon samar da halin yanzu/ nutsewa na MCU. Kusan koyaushe ana buƙatar direba na musamman mai yawa.

Q: Me ake nufi da "1/16 Aiki" a cikin yanayin gwajin ƙarfin haske?

A: Yana nufin LED yana bugun jini a kan 1/16th na lokaci kuma a kashe don 15/16th. Ƙayyadadden ƙarfin haske shine matsakaicin ƙimar da aka auna a ƙarƙashin wannan yanayi. A cikin na'urar nuni mai yawa 8x8, kowane layi yawanci yana aiki ne na 1/8 na lokaci (aiki 1/8), don haka ƙarfin tuƙi na iya buƙatar daidaitawa don cimma matsakaicin haske da ake so.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken 2:1?

A: Wannan ƙayyadaddun daidaito ne. Yana nufin cewa a cikin rukuni na LEDs (misali, duk ɗigo a cikin matrix), mafi haske ɗigo ba zai fi haske sau biyu fiye da mafi duhu ɗigo ba lokacin da aka auna shi a ƙarƙashin yanayi iri ɗaya. Wannan yana tabbatar da bayyanar daidai.

10. Misalin Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki

Yi la'akari da ƙirar nunin harafi ɗaya don saka idanu na zafin jiki. Microcontroller yana karanta firikwensin kuma yana buƙatar nuna lamba daga 0 zuwa 99. Ana iya tari na'urorin nuni na LTP-14088KD-J guda biyu a kwance. Microcontroller, ta hanyar SPI ko I2C LED direba IC, zai haɗa na'urorin nuni. Direba IC yana sarrafa binciken layin da canjin bayanan ginshiƙi, yana jan layukan cathode ƙasa a jere yayin samar da daidaitaccen tsarin halin yanzu na anode ga kowane ginshiƙi dangane da harafin haruffa da aka adana a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar microcontroller. Za a saita ƙarfin tuƙi ta hanyar resistor na waje zuwa, misali, 25mA kowace matsakaicin ɗigo, yana tabbatar da aiki a cikin iyakar raguwar wutar lantarki 70mW. Fuskar baƙi tana ba da kyakkyawan bambanci a cikin panel na cikin gida. Dole ne ƙirar ta haɗa da sarrafa zafi idan akwatin zai iya kai ga yanayin zafi mai girma, saboda fitarwar haske zai ragu kuma halin yanzu na iya buƙatar raguwa.

11. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Aiki

LTP-14088KD-J yana aiki akan ainihin ka'idar diode mai fitar da haske (LED). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce kofa na diode (kimanin 2.1-2.6V) a kan mahaɗin LED ɗaya (anode zuwa cathode), electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na guntu na semiconductor na AlInGaP. Wannan sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons, yana samar da haske a tsayin tsayin da ke siffanta bandgap na kayan semiconductor-a wannan yanayin, jajayen haske kusan 650nm. Tsarin matrix 8x8 an kafa shi ta hanyar haɗa guntu 64 na LED a cikin tsarin grid. Lantarki na waje suna amfani da dabarar haɗawa don sarrafa wannan grid. Ta hanyar saurin canzawa (duba) wane layin cathode yake aiki (an haɗa shi da ƙasa) kuma waɗanne ginshiƙan anode aka samar da su da halin yanzu, an ƙirƙiri ruɗi na tabbataccen hoto ta hanyar dagewar gani. Wannan hanyar tana rage adadin fil ɗin sarrafawa da ake buƙata daga 64 (ɗaya kowane LED) zuwa 16 kawai (layuka 8 + ginshiƙai 8).

12. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

Nunin LED Dot Matrix masu hankali kamar LTP-14088KD-J suna wakiltar fasaha mai girma kuma amintacce. Duk da yake sabbin fasahohin nuni kamar OLEDs ko LCDs masu ƙuduri mai girma suna ba da cikakkun bayanai da cikakken launi, LED dot matrices suna riƙe da matsayi mai ƙarfi a cikin aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai girma, faɗin kusurwar kallo, amincin matuƙar gaske, tsawon rayuwa, sauƙi, da aiki a cikin kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi-sau da yawa a farashi mai rahusa. Yarjejeniya a cikin wannan yanki shine zuwa ga LEDs mafi inganci (kamar AlInGaP da aka yi amfani da shi a nan), ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, kunshin da ba shi da gubar da kuma abin da ya dace da muhalli, kuma wani lokacin zuwa ga na'urori masu hawa sama (SMD) don haɗawa ta atomatik, ko da yake nau'ikan rami kamar wannan sun kasance sananne don samfuri da wasu amfanin masana'antu. Ainihin ka'idar tuƙi mai yawa ta kasance daidaitacce, amma sabbin guntu na direba masu haɗawa suna ba da ƙarin fasali kamar haruffan haruffa na gida, sarrafa haske, da mafi sauƙin hanyoyin sadarwa na dijital (SPI/I2C).