Takardun Bayanan Fasaha na LTC-3620KG - Nunin LED na 7-Segment - Tsayin Lamba 0.39-inch - Kore AlInGaP - 2.6V na Gaba

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTC-3620KG wani babban nunin LED ne mai tsayin lamba 0.39-inch (10 mm), wanda aka ƙera shi don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nunin lambobi masu haske da bayyananne. Ana amfani da wannan na'urar da fasahar guntu na LED ta AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide), wacce aka sani da ingantacciyar ƙarfin haske da inganci fiye da kayan gargajiya. Ana gabatar da sassan a cikin launin toka da fari, wanda ke ƙara bambanci da karantawa. An rarraba wannan nunin don ƙarfin haske kuma an ba da shi a cikin kunshin da bai ƙunshi gubar ba wanda ya dace da ƙa'idodin RoHS, wanda ya sa ya dace da ƙirar lantarki na zamani tare da la'akari da muhalli.

2. Cikakken Bayanin Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Gani (Optical)

Aikin gani shine babban ƙarfin wannan nunin. A daidaitan gwajin na'urar na 1mA, matsakaicin ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana kewayo daga mafi ƙarancin 200 µcd zuwa kimar 585 µcd. A mafi girman ƙarfin kuzari na 10mA, ƙarfin haske yana ƙaruwa sosai zuwa 6435 µcd, wanda ke nuna ƙarfin haske na guntu na AlInGaP. Na'urar tana fitar da hasken kore tare da mafi girman tsayin haske (λp) na 571 nm da kuma babban tsayin haske (λd) na 572 nm, duk an auna su a IF=20mA. Ramin rabin faɗin haske (Δλ) shine 15 nm, yana nuna ingantaccen launi. Ana auna ƙarfin haske ta amfani da haɗin firjiya da tacewa wanda ke kusantar da lakatun ido na CIE don daidaito.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki (Electrical)

A fannin lantarki, an ƙera nunin don aiki mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) a kowane sashe shine 2.6V a yanayin aiki na 20mA. Ƙarfin lantarki na baya (IR) a kowane sashe an ƙayyade shi a mafi girman 100 µA a VR=5V, ko da yake an lura cewa ba a nufin ci gaba da aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙarfin lantarki na baya ba. Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske tsakanin sassan shine 2:1 a mafi girman lokacin IF=1mA, yana tabbatar da daidaiton bayyanar a duk faɗin nunin. An ƙayyade ƙayyadaddun magana ta tsaka-tsaki (cross-talk) na ≤ 2.5% don rage hasken da ba a so tsakanin sassan maƙwabta.

2.3 Matsakaicin Matsayin Aiki (Absolute Maximum Ratings)

An ƙididdige na'urar don aiki mai ƙarfi a cikin ƙayyadaddun iyakoki. Mafi girman ƙarfin watsi a kowane guntu shine 70 mW. Mafi girman ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kowane guntu shine 60 mA, amma kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms). Ci gaba da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kowane guntu shine 25 mA a 25°C, yana raguwa a layi daya a 0.28 mA/°C yayin da zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa. Kewayon zafin aiki da ajiya daga -35°C zuwa +105°C. Don haɗawa, mafi girman zafin solder shine 260°C na mafi girman dakika 3 a nisan 1.6mm ƙasa da matakin wurin zama.

3. Bayanan Injiniya da Kunshin

3.1 Girman Kunshin

Nunin yana da takamaiman ƙirar jiki. Duk girmansa an ba da su a cikin milimita tare da matsakaicin jurewa na ±0.25mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Muhimman bayanan girma sun haɗa da juzu'in ƙarshen pin na ±0.4mm, iyaka akan abubuwan waje akan sassan (≤10 mils), da iyaka akan gurɓatar tawada a saman (≤20 mils). Lanƙwasa mai nuna bai kamata ya wuce 1% na tsayinsa ba. Ana ba da shawarar diamita ramin PCB don ƙusoshin shine 1.0 mm. Cikakken bayani na spacer yana ba da damar juzu'i na ±0.5 mm.

3.2 Tsarin Pin da Kewayon Ciki

LTC-3620KG na'ura ce ta tsarin anode gama-gari. Teburin haɗin pin kamar haka ne: Pin 2 shine anode gama-gari don Lamba 1, Pin 6 don Lamba 2, da Pin 8 don Lamba 3. An sanya cathode na sassan zuwa takamaiman ƙusoshi: A (Pin 13), B (Pin 12), C (Pin 4), D (Pin 5), E (Pin 3), F (Pin 16), da G (Pin 9). Pin 7 shine cathode don maki goma (L / L1 / L2). An lura cewa Pin 1, 10, 11, 14, da 15 ba su da haɗi (NO PIN). Zanen kewayon ciki yana nuna haɗin anode gama-gari na lambobi uku, tare da haɗin kowane sashe na lambobi a layi daya zuwa nasu ƙusoshin cathode.

4. Bincike akan Lakatun Aiki (Performance Curves)

Takardun bayanan ta ƙunshi sashe na lakatun halaye na lantarki da na gani na yau da kullun, waɗanda aka auna a kewayon zafin jiki na 25°C sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Waɗannan lakatun suna da mahimmanci ga masu ƙira don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki daban-daban. Duk da yake ba a cikakken bayyana takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, lakatun na irin wannan samfurin za su haɗa da alaƙa tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (IF) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF), alaƙa tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (IF) da ƙarfin haske (Iv), da bambancin ƙarfin haske tare da kewayon zafin jiki. Binciken waɗannan lakatun yana ba da damar zaɓin mafi kyawun ƙarfin kuzari don cimma hasken da ake so yayin kiyaye inganci da tsawon rai.

5. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Daidaitaccen sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci ga amincin aiki. An ƙayyade mafi girman zafin solder a sarari a matsayin 260°C na mafi girman tsawon lokaci na dakika 3, wanda aka auna 1.6mm ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na kayan. Wannan ƙayyadaddun ma'auni ne mai mahimmanci don hanyoyin solder ko sake kunnawa don hana lalacewar zafi ga guntu na LED ko kunshin filastik. Ya kamata masu ƙira su tabbatar da bayanan haɗin PCB ɗin su ya bi wannan iyaka. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata a yi la'akari da bayanan game da jurewar girma, kamar juzu'in pin da zamewar spacer, yayin shimfidar PCB da ƙirar injiniya don tabbatar da daidaitaccen dacewa da daidaitawa.

6. Shawarwari don Aikace-aikace

6.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan nunin ya dace sosai don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nunin lambobi masu bayyananne, matsakaicin girma. Amfanin gama gari ya haɗa da allunan kayan aikin masana'antu, kayan aikin gwaji da aunawa, na'urorin likitanci, na'urorin masu amfani (kamar microwave ko tanda), tashoshin siyarwa, da nunin motoci bayan siyarwa. Ƙarfinsa mai ƙarfi da faɗin kusurwar kallo sun sa ya dace da wuraren da ke da haske mai yawa ko inda ake buƙatar karanta nunin daga kusurwoyi daban-daban.

6.2 Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi la'akari da su Lokacin Ɗauki

Lokacin ƙira tare da LTC-3620KG, dole ne a yi la'akari da abubuwa da yawa. Na farko, tsarin anode gama-gari yana buƙatar kewayon turawa mai nutsewar ƙarfin lantarki (misali, transistor ko takamaiman IC mai turawa LED) don sarrafa cathode. Resistors masu iyakancewar ƙarfin lantarki suna wajibi ne ga kowane cathode na sashe don saita ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da hasken da ake so, wanda aka ƙididdige shi bisa ga ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED. Babban ƙarfin haske a ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki (misali, 1mA) yana ba da damar ƙira mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki. Ya kamata masu ƙira su yi la'akari da iyakokin watsar da wutar lantarki kuma su aiwatar da daidaitaccen raguwa idan ana sa ran zafin yanayi na aiki zai yi yawa. Faɗin kewayon zafin aiki (-35°C zuwa +105°C) yana sa ya zama mai ƙarfi ga wurare masu tsauri.

7. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban abin da ya bambanta LTC-3620KG shine amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP don guntu na LED kore. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar daidaitattun LED kore na GaP (Gallium Phosphide), AlInGaP yana ba da ingantacciyar inganci da haske sosai ga irin wannan ƙarfin kuzari. Wannan yana haifar da ingantaccen bayyanawa da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki. Siffar "an rarraba don ƙarfin haske" tana nuna cewa ana rarraba na'urori ko tantance su bisa ga fitowar haskensu, wanda ke ba da damar daidaitaccen haske a cikin jerin samarwa da kuma a cikin nunin lambobi da yawa. Gina ba tare da gubar ba, wanda ya dace da RoHS, ya yi daidai da ƙa'idodin muhalli na duniya.

8. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha)

Q: Menene manufar haɗin "NO PIN"?

A: Ƙayyadaddun "NO PIN" (Pin 1, 10, 11, 14, 15) suna yiwuwa don daidaiton injiniya da kwanciyar hankali yayin aikin ƙirƙira. Ba a haɗa su da wani abu na ciki ta hanyar lantarki kuma ya kamata a bar su ba a haɗa su (mai iyo) a cikin kewayon.

Q: Ta yaya zan sarrafa maki goma?

A: Maki goma (L, L1, L2) suna raba cathode gama-gari akan Pin 7. Don haskaka takamaiman maki goma, za ku kunna (ja ƙasa) Pin 7 yayin da kuma kunna anode gama-gari na lambar da wannan maki goma yake (Pin 2, 6, ko 8). Zanen ciki zai fayyace ainihin taswirar.

Q: Shin zan iya turawa wannan nunin da microcontroller kai tsaye?

A: Yana yiwuwa amma yana buƙatar ƙira mai hankali. Ƙusoshin GPIO na microcontroller galibi suna iya nutsewa ko fitar da ƙarfin lantarki kaɗan kawai (sau da yawa 20-25mA). Tunda ci gaba da ƙarfin lantarki na kowane sashe shine 25mA matsakaici, turawa sassa da yawa lokaci guda zai iya wuce matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na microcontroller. Ana ba da shawarar sosai don amfani da transistors na turawa na waje ko takamaiman IC mai turawa LED don sarrafa ƙarfin lantarki da haɗawa, don kare microcontroller.

Q: Menene ma'anar "matsakaicin ƙarfin haske 2:1"?

A: Wannan ƙayyadaddun yana nufin cewa ƙarfin haske na mafi haske bai wuce sau biyu ƙarfin mafi duhu a cikin irin wannan na'urar ba, lokacin da aka auna su a ƙarƙashin yanayi iri ɗaya (IF=1mA). Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton bayyanar, yana guje wa wani sashe ya yi haske sosai fiye da wani.

9. Misalin Ɗauki da Amfani

Yi la'akari da ƙirar nunin voltmeter mai lamba 3. Microcontroller zai auna ƙarfin lantarki, ya canza shi zuwa lamba mai lamba 3, kuma yana buƙatar nunawa. Za a haɗa anode gama-gari uku na LTC-3620KG (Pin 2, 6, 8) zuwa mai tattara transistors uku na PNP (ko makamantansu), waɗanda tushensu ke sarrafa su ta hanyar ƙusoshin microcontroller. Cathode na sassan bakwai (Pin 3, 4, 5, 9, 12, 13, 16) da cathode na maki goma (Pin 7) kowannensu zai haɗa da resistor mai iyakancewar ƙarfin lantarki sannan zuwa magudanar MOSFET na N-channel (ko makamantansu), wanda ƙofarsa ke sarrafa ta ta hanyar microcontroller. Firmware zai aiwatar da haɗawa: kunna transistor don Lamba 1, saita MOSFETs don sassan da ake buƙata don nunawa lamba ta farko, jira ɗan lokaci kaɗan, sannan kashe Lamba 1 kuma maimaita don Lamba 2 da 3 cikin sauri. Wannan haɗawa yana rage adadin ƙusoshin turawa da ake buƙata kuma yana ba da damar haske mai dorewa, ba tare da ƙyalli ba.

10. Gabatarwa akan Ƙa'idar Aiki

Nunin LED na 7-segment tarin diodes masu fitar da haske ne waɗanda aka jera su a cikin tsarin siffa takwas. Kowane ɗayan sassan bakwai (wanda aka yiwa lakabi da A zuwa G) LED ne na mutum. Ana amfani da ƙarin LED sau da yawa don maki goma. A cikin tsarin anode gama-gari kamar LTC-3620KG, an haɗa anodes na duk LEDs na wata lamba tare zuwa pin gama-gari na samar da ƙarfin lantarki mai kyau. An fitar da cathode na kowane LED na sashe zuwa wani pin daban. Don haskaka takamaiman sashe, dole ne a turawa pin anode gama-gari zuwa ƙarfin lantarki mafi girma fiye da ƙarfin lantarki na cathode (yin amfani da bambancin gaba), kuma dole ne a haɗa pin cathode ɗin daidai zuwa ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki (yawanci ƙasa ta hanyar resistor mai iyakancewar ƙarfin lantarki). Ta hanyar sarrafa waɗanne ƙusoshin cathode aka haɗa su da ƙasa yayin da wani anode gama-gari ke aiki, ana iya ƙirƙira takamaiman haruffa na lambobi ko haruffa.

11. Trends na Fasaha

Duk da yake nunin LED na 7-segment mai banbance-banbance ya kasance mai dacewa don takamaiman aikace-aikace, babban trend a fasahar nunin yana zuwa ga haɗawa da sassauci. Guntu na turawa da aka haɗa tare da masu sarrafawa na ciki (don agogo, zafin jiki, da sauransu) suna zama ruwan dare gama gari, suna sauƙaƙa ƙira. Hakanan akwai canji zuwa kunshin na'urar da aka haɗa a saman (SMD) don haɗawa ta atomatik, ko da yake irin na ta hanyar rami kamar wannan har yanzu ana daraja su don ƙira, gyara, da wuraren girgiza. Dangane da kayan, AlInGaP yana wakiltar mataki na ci gaba ga LED ja, orange, amber, da kore, amma don cikakkun iyawar launi, InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) shine babbar fasaha don shuɗi da kore, kuma galibi ana amfani da shi tare da phosphors don ƙirƙirar hasken fari. Nan gaba ana iya ganin ƙarin haɗin gwiwa ko na'urori masu lambobi da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa nunin, turawa, da dabaru na mu'amala zuwa raka'a ɗaya mai ƙarfi.