LTD-323JS 0.3-Inch LED Display na Lambobi na Yellow - Datasheet - Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Na'urar wata ce module na nuni mai tsayin lamba 0.3-inch (7.62 mm). An tsara ta don samar da fitarwa ta lambobi mai tsabta da kuma bayyana sosai a cikin siffa mai kankanta. Fasahar cibiyar ta amfani da AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) guntu na LED na rawaya. An kera wadannan guntu a kan wani substrate na GaAs (Gallium Arsenide) wanda ba ya wucewa, wanda ke taimakawa wajen bambanci da aikin na'urar nuni. Zane na gani yana dauke da fuskar baki tare da sassan fari, yana inganta karantawa ta hanyar kara bambanci tsakanin wuraren da aka haskaka da wadanda ba a haskaka ba.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Cibiya da Kasuwar Manufa

Na'urar nuni tana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci da dama wadanda suka sa ta dace da aikace-aikace iri-iri. Babban fa'idodinta sun hada da bukatar wutar lantarki kadan, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga na'urorin da ake amfani da baturi ko masu kiyaye makamashi. Tana ba da haske mai yawa da bambanci mai yawa, yana tabbatar da karantawa ko da a cikin wuraren da aka haskaka sosai. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana ba da damar karanta bayanan da aka nuna daga matsayi daban-daban. Na'urar tana alfahari da amincin tsarin daskararre, ma'ana babu sassa masu motsi kuma yawanci tsawon rayuwar aiki idan aka kwatanta da sauran fasahohin nuni. An rarraba ta don karfin haske, yana nuna aiki mai daidaito da kula da inganci. Sassan da suka ci gaba da kasancewa iri daya suna ba da gudummawa ga kyakkyawan bayyanar haruffa. Wannan hadewar fasali ya sa na'urar nuni ta zama manufa ga aikace-aikace kamar allunan kayan aiki, kayan gwaji, na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci, sarrafa masana'antu, da duk wata na'ura da ke bukatar karatun lambobi mai aminci, mai tsabta, da inganci.

2. Zurfin Fassarar Ma'anar Sigogin Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hoto da Wuta

An ayyana aikin haske da launi a karkashin takamaiman yanayin gwaji. Matsakaicin karfin haske (Iv) an ayyana shi da mafi kankanta 320 µcd, kimar al'ada 800 µcd, kuma babu wani matsakaicin da aka bayyana, lokacin da aka auna a gaba na halin yanzu (IF) na 1mA. Wannan sigar yana nuna hasken da aka gani na sassan da aka haskaka. Tsawon tsayin fitarwa mai kololuwa (λp) shine 588 nm, wanda aka auna a IF=20mA, yana sanya fitarwa a cikin yankin rawaya na bakan gani. Rabin nisa na layin bakan (Δλ) shine 15 nm (a IF=20mA), yana bayyana tsaftar bakan ko kunkuntar band na tsawon tsayin hasken da aka fitar; ƙaramin ƙima yana nuna launi guda ɗaya mafi yawa. Tsawon tsayin da ya fi rinjaye (λd) shine 587 nm (a IF=20mA), wanda shine tsawon tsayin guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane don dacewa da launin hasken. Ana auna ƙarfin haske ta amfani da haɗin firikwensin da tace wanda ya kusanci lanƙwasa amsa ido na CIE photopic, yana tabbatar da ma'aunin ya yi daidai da hangen nesa na ɗan adam.

2.2 Sigogin Lantarki

Bayanan lantarki suna ayyana iyakokin aiki da yanayi. Gaban voltaji kowane sashi (VF) yana da kimar al'ada 2.6V kuma matsakaicin 2.6V lokacin da gaba na halin yanzu ya kasance 20mA. Wannan shine faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan sashin LED lokacin da yake gudana. Juyawar halin yanzu kowane sashi (IR) yana da matsakaicin 100 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da juyawar voltaji (VR) na 5V, yana nuna matakin ɗigon ruwa lokacin da LED ke juyawa-biya. Matsakaicin daidaiton ƙarfin haske (IV-m) an ayyana shi azaman 2:1 (a IF=1mA). Wannan rabo yana ayyana matsakaicin bambancin da aka yarda a cikin haske tsakanin sassa daban-daban na lamba ɗaya ko tsakanin lambobi, yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani.

2.3 Matsakaicin Matsayin Cikakke da Halayen Zafi

Waɗannan ratings suna ayyana iyakokin da sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki kowane sashi shine 70 mW. Matsakaicin gaba na halin yanzu kowane sashi shine 60 mA, amma wannan yana yarda ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, 0.1ms faɗin bugun jini). Ci gaba da gaba na halin yanzu kowane sashi shine 25 mA a 25°C. Muhimmanci, wannan halin yanzu dole ne a rage shi a layi daya da 0.33 mA ga kowane digiri Celsius sama da 25°C. Misali, a 50°C, matsakaicin ci gaba na halin yanzu zai kasance 25 mA - (0.33 mA/°C * 25°C) = 16.75 mA. Wannan ragewa yana da mahimmanci don aiki mai aminci a yanayin zafi mai girma. Matsakaicin juyawar voltaji kowane sashi shine 5 V. Yankin aiki da adanawa daga -35°C zuwa +85°C. Matsakaicin zafin gishiri shine 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, wanda aka auna 1.6mm a ƙasan farantin zama na na'urar.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Grading

Takaddun bayanan yana nuna cewa an rarraba na'urar don ƙarfin haske. Wannan yana nuna tsarin binning ko grading inda aka tsara raka'a bisa ga fitowar hasken da aka auna a daidaitaccen gwajin gwaji (mai yiwuwa 1mA ko 20mA). Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa abokan ciniki suna karɓar nuni tare da matakan haske masu daidaito. Duk da yake ba a cikakken bayyana takamaiman lambobin bin ko iyakoki a cikin wannan takarda ba, irin wannan tsarin yawanci ya haɗa da rarraba na'urori zuwa rukuni (misali, haske mai girma, daidaitaccen haske) don biyan buƙatun aikace-aikace daban-daban ko don tabbatar da mafi ƙarancin matakin aiki. Matsakaicin daidaiton ƙarfin haske 2:1 siga ce mai alaƙa wacce ke sarrafa bambanci a cikin na'ura guda.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takaddun bayanan yana nuni zuwa lanƙwasa halaye na lantarki/hoto na al'ada. Ko da yake ba a ba da takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutun ba, daidaitattun lanƙwasa don irin waɗannan na'urori yawanci za su haɗa da:Gaba Halin Yanzu vs. Gaba Volta (Lanƙwasa I-V): Wannan yana nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin halin yanzu da ke gudana ta LED da ƙarfin lantarki a cikinsa. Ba layi daya bane, tare da halayen ƙarfin lantarki na "gwiwa" (kusa da na al'ada Vf na 2.6V) sama da wanda halin yanzu ke ƙaruwa da sauri tare da ƙananan ƙaruwar ƙarfin lantarki.Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Gaba Halin Yanzu (Lanƙwasa L-I): Wannan makircin yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙaruwar halin yanzu na tuƙi. Gabaɗaya layi daya ne a kan kewayon amma yana iya cika a matsanancin halin yanzu.Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi: Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke raguwa yayin da yanayin yanayi ya tashi, yana nuna mahimmancin sarrafa zafi da rage halin yanzu.Rarraba Bakan: Makircin ƙarfin dangi da tsayin tsayi, yana nuna kololuwa a 588 nm da rabin nisa na 15 nm, yana tabbatar da fitarwar launin rawaya.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

5.1 Zane mai girma

An ba da girman fakitin a cikin zane (wanda aka ambata amma ba a cikakken bayani a cikin rubutu ba). Duk girmansu an ayyana su a cikin milimita (mm). Daidaitaccen haƙuri don waɗannan girmansu shine ±0.25 mm (wanda yayi daidai da ±0.01 inches) sai dai idan takamaiman bayanin fasali ya faɗi akasin haka. Wannan zane yana da mahimmanci ga shimfidar PCB (Allon Kewayawa da aka Buga), yana tabbatar da sawun ƙafa da tsarin ramuka sun dace da na'urar zahiri.

5.2 Haɗin Fil da Ganewar Polarity

Na'urar tana da tsarin fil 10. Nuni ne mai lambobi biyu (duplex) na anode gama gari. Pinout kamar haka ne: Fil 1: Cathode G; Fil 2: Babu Fil (mai yiwuwa wurin ajiye injina ko ba a amfani da shi); Fil 3: Cathode A; Fil 4: Cathode F; Fil 5: Anode Gama Gari (Lamba 2); Fil 6: Cathode D; Fil 7: Cathode E; Fil 8: Cathode C; Fil 9: Cathode B; Fil 10: Anode Gama Gari (Lamba 1). Tsarin "anode gama gari" yana nufin cewa anodes na LEDs na kowane lamba an haɗa su tare a ciki. Don haskaka wani sashi, dole ne a tuƙa filin cathode ɗinsa daidai ƙasa (an haɗa shi da ƙasa ko nutsewar halin yanzu) yayin da filin anode gama gari na lambarsa aka tuƙa shi sama (an haɗa shi da samfurin tabbatacce ta hanyar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu).

5.3 Zanen Da'irar Ciki

An ambaci zanen da'irar ciki. Don anode gama gari, nuni mai lambobi biyu, 7-sashi, wannan zanen zai nuna: Nodes na anode gama gari biyu, ɗaya ga kowane lamba (fil 10 da 5). Layukan cathode guda bakwai (A, B, C, D, E, F, G), kowanne an haɗa shi da sashin LED daidai a cikin lambobi biyu. Kowane sashin LED (misali, sashin "A" na lamba 1 da sashin "A" na lamba 2) suna raba filin cathode iri ɗaya amma anodes ɗinsa an haɗa shi da anode gama gari na lambarsa. Wannan tsarin haɗawa yana rage jimillar adadin fil da ake buƙata don sarrafa nuni.

6. Jagororin Solder da Taro

Babban ƙayyadaddun taro da aka bayar shine don tsarin solder. Na'urar na iya jure matsakaicin zafin solder na 260°C. Dole ne a iyakance wannan bayyanar zuwa matsakaicin tsawon lokaci na dakika 3. Ana auna zafin 1.6mm a ƙasan farantin zama na kayan aiki akan PCB. Wannan jagora yana da mahimmanci ga tsarin solder na igiyar ruwa ko sake kunnawa don hana lalacewar zafi ga guntu na LED ko fakitin filastik. Don solder na hannu, yakamata a yi amfani da ƙarfe mai sarrafa zafi tare da ƙaramin lokacin tuntuɓar. Yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD (Fitarwa na Lantarki Mai Tsauri) yayin sarrafawa da taro don kare haɗin gwiwar semiconductor.

7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Wannan nuni ya dace da kowane aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nuni na lambobi mai tsabta, mai aminci. Misalai sun haɗa da: Mitoci na lambobi da oscilloscopes. Mitocin panel don ƙarfin lantarki, halin yanzu, ko zafin jiki. Kayan masarufi na mabukaci kamar tanda microwave, agogon lambobi, ko kayan aikin sauti. Sarrafa masana'antu da allunan sarrafa kai. Kayan aikin gwaji da ma'auni. Ma'auni na mota bayan kasuwa (lura da kewayon yanayin aiki). Na'urorin da ake amfani da baturi masu ɗaukar hoto saboda ƙarancin buƙatar wutar lantarki.

7.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Zane da Aiwar Da'ira

Lokacin ƙirar da'irar tuƙi, abubuwa da yawa suna da mahimmanci:Iyakance Halin Yanzu: Dole ne kowane sashi ya sami resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu na jeri. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor bisa ga ƙarfin wutar lantarki (Vcc), gaban ƙarfin lantarki na LED (Vf, na al'ada 2.6V), da gaba na halin yanzu da ake so (If). Misali, don tuƙi sashi a 20mA tare da samar da 5V: R = (Vcc - Vf) / If = (5V - 2.6V) / 0.020A = 120 Ohms.Haɗawa: Don nunin anode gama gari mai lambobi da yawa, ana amfani da haɗawa. Microcontroller a jere yana kunna anode gama gari na lamba ɗaya a lokaci guda yayin fitar da tsarin sashi don wannan lamba akan layukan cathode. Dole ne sauyawa ya yi sauri sosai (yawanci >60Hz) don guje wa flicker da ake iya gani.Driver ICs: Yin amfani da takamaiman na'urorin tuƙi na nunin LED (misali, MAX7219, TM1637) yana sauƙaƙa sarrafawa, yana ba da tuƙi na halin yanzu akai-akai, kuma yana sarrafa haɗawa a ciki.Gudanar da Zafi: Ku bi lanƙwasa rage halin yanzu sama da 25°C. Tabbatar da isasshen iska idan nuni yana cikin sarari mai rufewa ko kusa da sauran sassan da ke haifar da zafi.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran fasahohin nunin lambobi, wannan nunin LED na rawaya na AlInGaP yana ba da fa'idodi daban-daban:vs. Red GaAsP/GaP LEDs: Fasahar AlInGaP gabaɗaya tana ba da ingantacciyar inganci da haske, da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki fiye da tsofaffin kayan LED ja. Launin rawaya na iya ba da kyakkyawar ganuwa ko fifikon kyan gani a wasu aikace-aikace.vs. LCDs (Nunin Crystal Ruwa): LEDs suna fitarwa (suna samar da haskensu), suna sa su bayyana cikin sauƙi a cikin yanayi mara haske ba tare da hasken baya ba, yayin da LCDs masu nunawa suna buƙatar hasken yanayi. LEDs suna da faɗin kusurwar kallo da saurin amsa. Duk da haka, LCDs yawanci suna cinye wutar lantarki sosai don nunin tsaye.vs. VFDs (Nunin Kyankyawar Karfe): LEDs suna da tsarin daskararre, sun fi ƙarfi, suna da tsawon rayuwa, kuma suna buƙatar sauƙi, ƙananan lantarki na tuƙi idan aka kwatanta da VFDs, waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarfin lantarki na anode mai yawa. Babban abubuwan banbance na wannan takamaiman na'ura sune tsayin lamba 0.3-inch, kayan AlInGaP don fitarwar rawaya, tsarin anode gama gari, da ƙayyadaddun aikin sa a cikin haske, bambanci, da kusurwar kallo.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi Dangane da Sigogin Fasaha

Q: Menene manufar "babu fil" akan fil 2?

A: Wannan yawanci wurin ajiye injina ne da ake amfani da shi don daidaitawa yayin tsarin ƙira ko don tabbatar da cewa fakitin yana da adadin fil mai daidaito don kwanciyar hankali akan PCB. Ba a haɗa shi da lantarki.

Q: Ta yaya zan iya ƙididdige resistor mai dacewa mai iyakance halin yanzu?

A: Yi amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki - Gaban Ƙarfin Lantarki na LED) / Gaba Halin Yanzu da ake so. Koyaushe yi amfani da matsakaicin gaba na ƙarfin lantarki daga takaddun bayanan (2.6V) a cikin lissafinku don tabbatar da cewa halin yanzu bai wuce iyakokin aminci ba, musamman a ƙananan yanayin zafi.

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan nuni tare da microcontroller 3.3V?

A: Ee, amma sararin sama yana da ƙanƙanta. Tare da Vf na 2.6V, 0.7V kawai ya rage don resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu. A 20mA, wannan yana buƙatar resistor na Ohms 35 kawai. Hasken na iya zama ɗan ƙasa kaɗan. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da ƙaramin halin yanzu na tuƙi (misali, 10-15mA) ko kuma a yi amfani da driver IC wanda zai iya samar da tushen ƙarfin lantarki mafi girma.

Q: Menene ma'anar "an rarraba don ƙarfin haske" ga zanena?

A: Yana nufin ana gwada nunin kuma ana tsara su ta hanyar haske. Lokacin siye, kuna iya karɓar raka'a daga takamaiman "bin" na haske. Don bayyanar daidaito a cikin samfur, yana da mahimmanci a ƙayyade idan kuna buƙatar takamaiman matakin haske ko kuma a samo duk raka'a don aikin samarwa daga rukunin masana'anta ɗaya.

Q: Me yasa rage halin yanzu ya zama dole?

A: Ingantaccen LED yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya karu. Tuƙi LED a cikin halin yanzu iri ɗaya a mafi girman zafin haɗin gwiwa yana haifar da ƙarin zafi, ba ƙarin haske ba, wanda zai iya haifar da guduwar zafi da gazawa. Rage halin yanzu yana rage ɓarnawar wutar lantarki da samar da zafi a yanayin zafi mai girma, yana tabbatar da amincin dogon lokaci.

10. Yanayin Zane da Amfani na Aiki

Harka: Zane na Karatun Voltmeter mai Lambobi Biyu

Mai zane yana ƙirƙirar nuni mai sauƙi na voltmeter DC 0-99V. Sun zaɓi wannan nuni don tsabtarsa da girmansa. Tsarin yana amfani da microcontroller tare da ADC don auna ƙarfin lantarki. Fil ɗin I/O na microcontroller ba zai iya samar da / nutse isasshen halin yanzu don LEDs ba. Mai zane ya zaɓi takamaiman driver IC na LED tare da fitarwa na halin yanzu akai-akai da goyon bayan haɗawa. An haɗa direban zuwa nuni: fitarwar sassan direban suna haɗawa da fil ɗin cathode na nuni (A-G), kuma direban lambobi biyu na direban suna haɗawa da fil ɗin anode gama gari (10 da 5). Microcontroller yana sadarwa tare da direban IC ta hanyar mu'amala na jeri (misali, SPI ko I2C), yana aika ƙimar lambobi. Direban IC yana sarrafa haɗawa, yana sabunta kowane lamba a 500Hz don guje wa flicker. An saita iyakance halin yanzu a cikin direban IC zuwa 15mA kowane sashi don daidaita haske da amfani da wutar lantarki, yana tsayawa cikin ƙayyadaddun ci gaba na 25mA a yanayin aikin da ake tsammani. Shimfidar PCB ta haɗa da daidaitaccen sawun ƙafa daga zanen girma, tare da taimakon zafi akan kushin don fil ɗin anode gama gari waɗanda zasu iya ɗaukar matsakaicin halin yanzu mafi girma.

11. Gabatarwar Ka'ida

Na'urar tana aiki akan ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin kayan semiconductor. Tsarin AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) ya samar da haɗin gwiwar p-n. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da gaba na ƙarfin lantarki wanda ya wuce ƙarfin shinge na haɗin gwiwa (gaba na ƙarfin lantarki, Vf), electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi. A cikin semiconductor mai tsayin band kai tsaye kamar AlInGaP, ana sakin wannan makamashi da farko a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gami na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap, wanda kuma yana ƙayyade tsayin tsayi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar. Ga wannan na'urar, an daidaita abun da ke ciki don samar da photons tare da tsayin tsayi kusan 588 nm, wanda ake ganin shi azaman hasken rawaya. Substrate na GaAs mara wucewa yana taimakawa wajen sha hasken da ya ɓace, yana inganta bambanci ta hanyar hana tunani na ciki wanda zai iya sa sassan da ba a haskaka su bayyana a hankali.

12. Trends na Ci gaba

Juyin halittar fasahar nunin LED kamar wannan yana bin yanayin masana'antu da yawa:Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki: Binciken kimiyyar kayan aiki na ci gaba yana nufin inganta ingantaccen ƙididdiga na ciki (IQE) da ingantaccen fitar da haske na AlInGaP da sauran kayan LED, wanda ke haifar da haske mafi girma a ƙananan halin yanzu.Ƙananan Girma: Akwai tuƙi akai-akai don ƙananan filayen pixel/lamba da ƙananan fakitin bayanin martaba yayin kiyayewa ko inganta aikin gani.Ingantaccen Aminci da Tsawon Rayuwa: Ingantattun kayan marufi, hanyoyin haɗa mutu, da fasahar phosphor (don fararen LEDs) suna ci gaba da tsawaita tsawon rayuwar aiki da kwanciyar hankali akan zafin jiki da lokaci.Haɗawa: Trends sun haɗa da haɗa da'irar tuƙi, masu iyakance halin yanzu, ko ma microcontrollers kai tsaye tare da module na nuni, yana sauƙaƙa tsarin ƙira na mai amfani na ƙarshe.Faɗaɗɗen Gamuts na Launi da Sabbin Kayan Aiki: Duk da yake wannan na'urar tana amfani da AlInGaP don rawaya, bincike a cikin kayan aiki kamar GaN (Gallium Nitride) da gami da shi (InGaN, AlGaN) ya ba da damar yin amfani da shi sosai blue, kore, da fararen LEDs. Neman ingantattun LEDs ja da amber ta amfani da wasu tsarin kayan aiki yana ci gaba da aiki. Don nunin lambobi, yanayin yana zuwa ga modules masu lebur, masu fa'ida da yawa waɗanda za a iya haɗa su cikin sauƙi cikin ƙirar samfur na zamani.