Takardar Bayanin LTS-3861JF LED Display - Tsawon Lamba 0.3-inch (7.62mm) - AlInGaP Yellow Orange - 2.6V Forward Voltage - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTS-3861JF na'urar nunin LED ce mai lamba daya, mai lamba 7 tare da maki goma a hannun dama. Babban aikinta shine samar da fitarwa mai tsabta da kuma bayyana sosai na lambobi da wasu haruffa a cikin na'urorin lantarki. Fasahar cibiyar ta amfani da kayan semiconductor na Aluminium Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) don guntu na LED, wanda aka sani da samar da haske mai inganci a yankin rawaya-lemu na bakan haske. Na'urar tana da fuskar launin toka tare da sassuna fari, wanda ke kara bambanci da karantawa. An tsara ta a matsayin tsarin anode gama gari, wanda ke sauƙaƙa da'irar tuƙi a yawancin aikace-aikacen microcontroller.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Cibiya da Kasuwar Manufa

Babban fa'idodin wannan na'urar nunin ya samo asali ne daga ginin AlInGaP da zane. Tana ba da haske mai girma da bambanci mai kyau, wanda ya sa ta dace da aikace-aikace inda bayyanawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban ke da mahimmanci. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana tabbatar da cewa na'urar nunin ta kasance mai iya karantawa daga wuraren da ba a kan axis ba. Ƙarancin buƙatun wutar lantarki da amincin ƙwaƙƙwaran yanayi sun sa ta zama manufa don amfani na dogon lokaci a cikin na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci da masana'antu. Babban kasuwomin manufa sun haɗa da allunan kayan aikin kayan aiki, kayan aikin tallace-tallace, kayan aikin gida, na'urorin sarrafa masana'antu, da na'urorin sadarwa inda ake buƙatar karatun lamba mai sauƙi, amintacce.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken fassarar ma'auni na halayen lantarki da na gani da aka ƙayyade a cikin takardar bayanin.

2.1 Halayen Photometric da Na Gani

An rarrabe ƙarfin haske, tare da ƙimar al'ada na microcandelas 600 (ucd) a gaba na halin yanzu na 1mA. Ana auna wannan ma'auni ta amfani da firikwensin da aka tace don dacewa da lanƙwasa amsawar ido na CIE photopic, yana tabbatar da cewa ƙimar tana da alaƙa da fahimtar ɗan adam na haske. Tsawon zango mai rinjaye shine nanometers 605 (nm), yana sanya fitarwa a cikin kewayon launin rawaya-lemu. Ramin rabin layin bakan haske shine 17 nm, yana nuna launi mai tsafta, cikakke tare da ƙaramin yaduwar bakan haske. An ƙayyade ma'aunin daidaitawar ƙarfin haske tsakanin sassuna a 2:1, yana tabbatar da bayyanar iri ɗaya a cikin lamba.

2.2 Ma'auni na Lantarki

Gaban ƙarfin lantarki a kowane guntu LED shine 2.60 Volts na al'ada a 20mA. Dole ne masu zane su yi la'akari da kewayon gaban ƙarfin lantarki (2.05V zuwa 2.60V) lokacin da suke tsara da'irar iyakancewar halin yanzu don tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin batunan samarwa. An ƙayyade juzu'in halin yanzu a matsakaicin microamperes 100 a 5V juzu'in bias. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa wannan yanayin juzu'in ƙarfin lantarki don dalilai na gwaji ne kawai; ba a tsara na'urar don ci gaba da aiki a ƙarƙashin juzu'in bias ba. Matsakaicin ƙididdiga na cikakke suna ayyana iyakokin aiki: 70mW watsi da wutar lantarki a kowane sashe, kololuwar gaba na halin yanzu na 90mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aiki, 0.1ms bugun jini), da ci gaba da gaba na halin yanzu na 25mA a 25°C, rage darajar layi ta 0.33 mA/°C sama da wannan zafin jiki.

2.3 Ƙimar Zafi da Muhalli

An ƙididdige na'urar don kewayon zafin aiki na -35°C zuwa +85°C, tare da irin wannan kewayon zafin ajiya. Wannan faɗin kewayon yana goyan bayan tura a cikin yanayi da ke ƙarƙashin bambance-bambancen zafin jiki mai mahimmanci. Ƙimar zafin solder yana da mahimmanci don haɗawa: dole ne zafin jikin kayan aiki kada ya wuce matsakaicin ƙimar sa yayin solder, tare da jagorar 260°C na dakika 5 don jagororin 1/16 inch (kusan 1.6mm) a ƙasa da matakin wurin zama.

3. Tsarin Binning da Rarrabuwa

Takardar bayanin tana nuna cewa an rarraba na'urori don ƙarfin haske. Wannan yana nufin ana gwada raka'o'i kuma an raba su cikin kwandon daban-daban dangane da aunanniyar fitarwar haske a daidaitaccen gwajin gwaji (yawanci 1mA ko 20mA). Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar sassa tare da daidaitaccen haske don wani aikace-aikace. Yayin da ba a cikakken bayanin takamaiman lambobin kwandon a cikin wannan ɓangaren ba, ƙayyadaddun ma'aunin daidaitawar ƙarfi 2:1 yana tabbatar da cewa sassuna a cikin na'urar ɗaya za su sami daidaiton haske mai ma'ana. Dole ne masu zane su tuntubi masana'anta don cikakkun bayanan binning idan ana buƙatar daidaiton haske mai ƙarfi a cikin na'urorin nunin da yawa.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

An koma ga lanƙwasa ayyuka na al'ada a cikin takardar bayanin. Waɗannan jadawali suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar fiye da ƙayyadaddun ma'auni guda ɗaya a 25°C. Yawanci sun haɗa da:

• Lanƙwasa IV (Halin Yanzu da Ƙarfin Lantarki):Yana nuna alaƙar tsakanin gaban ƙarfin lantarki da gaban halin yanzu. Wannan lanƙwasa ba ta layi ba kuma tana da mahimmanci don tsara daidaitaccen resistor mai iyakancewa ko direban halin yanzu na dindindin.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Haske da Gaban Halin Yanzu:Yana kwatanta yadda fitarwar haske ke ƙaruwa da halin yanzu. Yana taimakawa wajen tantance mafi kyawun halin yanzun tuƙi don matakin haske da ake so yayin la'akari da watsi da wutar lantarki da tsawon rayuwa.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Haske da Zafin Yanayi:Yana nuna yadda fitarwar haske ke raguwa yayin da zafin haɗuwa ya tashi. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a babban zafin yanayi ko manyan halayen tuƙi.
• Rarraba Bakan Hasken:Jadawali na ƙarfin dangi da tsawon zango, yana nuna kololuwa a 611nm da faɗin bakan haske.

Waɗannan lanƙwasan suna ba injiniyoyi damar yin hasashen aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin duniya na gaske, mara kyau.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

Na'urar nunin tana da tsayin lamba na 0.3 inches (7.62 mm). Zanen girmen kunshin yana ba da mahimman bayanan injiniya don ƙirar sawun PCB da kayan ɗaki. An lura da manyan ƙimar ƙima: ±0.25mm don yawancin girma da ƙimar matsawar ƙugiya na ±0.4 mm. Ana ba da shawarar diamita ramin PCB don ƙugiyoyin shine 1.40 mm. Takardar bayanin kuma ta haɗa da bayanan kula da inganci game da matakan karɓuwa na kayan waje, kumfa a cikin sashe, lanƙwasa na mai nuna haske, da gurɓatar tawada na saman.

5.1 Pinout da Zanen Da'ira

Na'urar tana da tsarin layi guda 10. Zanen da'ira na ciki yana nuna ƙirar anode gama gari, inda aka haɗa anodes na duk LEDs don wani lamba tare. Teburin haɗin ƙugiya yana da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen wayoyi:
Ƙugiya 1: Anode Gama Gari
Ƙugiya 2: Cathode F (sashe)
Ƙugiya 3: Cathode G (sashe)
Ƙugiya 4: Cathode E (sashe)
Ƙugiya 5: Cathode D (sashe)
Ƙugiya 6: Anode Gama Gari (an haɗa shi a ciki zuwa ƙugiya 1)
Ƙugiya 7: Cathode D.P. (Maki Goma)
Ƙugiya 8: Cathode C (sashe)
Ƙugiya 9: Cathode B (sashe)
Ƙugiya 10: Cathode A (sashe)
Ƙugiyoyin anode biyu (1 da 6) suna taimakawa wajen rarraba halin yanzu kuma ana iya haɗa su tare akan PCB.

6. Jagororin Solder da Hada

6.1 Reflow da Solder na Hannu

Don hanyoyin solder na atomatik, an ƙayyade yanayin a matsayin 260°C na dakika 5, wanda aka auna 1.6mm a ƙasa da matakin wurin zama. Don solder na hannu, ana ba da izinin babban zafin ƙarfe na 350°C ±30°C, amma dole ne a iyakance lokacin tuntuɓar zuwa cikin dakika 5. Wucewa da waɗannan bayanan lokaci-zafin jiki na iya lalata epoxy na ciki, guntu na LED, ko haɗin waya.

6.2 Ajiya da Sarrafawa

Duk da yake ba a cikakken bayani a cikin ɓangaren ba, daidaitattun matakan kariya na ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) sun shafi na'urorin LED. Yakamata a adana su a cikin kunshin anti-static a cikin yanayi mai sarrafawa a cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon zafin ajiya (-35°C zuwa +85°C) don hana shaɗar danshi da sauran lalacewa.

7. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

7.1 Da'irorin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Kasancewar na'urar nunin anode gama gari, yawanci ana haɗa anodes zuwa ƙarfin lantarki mai kyau (Vcc) ta hanyar resistor mai iyakancewa ko, zai fi dacewa, ana tuƙa shi ta hanyar tushen halin yanzu na dindindin ko ƙugiyar microcontroller da aka tsara a matsayin tushen halin yanzu (idan yana cikin iyawarsa). Ana haɗa ƙugiyoyin cathode zuwa ƙasa (nutsar da halin yanzu) don kunna sashe. Wannan shine akasin na'urar nunin cathode gama gari. Haɗa lambobi da yawa fasaha ce ta gama gari don adana ƙugiyoyin I/O, inda ake canza anodes da sauri yayin da ake gabatar da ƙirar cathode masu dacewa.

7.2 Gargadi Mai Muhimmanci na Ƙira

Sashen \"Gargadi\" yana nuna mahimman maki da yawa:
1. Iyakance Halin Yanzu Wajibi Ne:LEDs na'urori ne masu tuƙi na halin yanzu. Koyaushe ana buƙatar resistor na jerin ko da'irar halin yanzu mai aiki don hana guduwar zafi da lalacewa.
2. Yi La'akari da Bambancin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba:Dole ne a tsara da'irar don samar da halin yanzun tuƙi da aka yi niyya akan cikakken kewayon VF (2.05V-2.60V).
3. Kauce wa Juzu'in Bias:Ya kamata da'irar tuƙi ta haɗa da kariya (kamar diode a layi daya) don hana kololuwar ƙarfin lantarki na juzu'i yayin zagayowar wutar lantarki.
4. Gudanar da Zafi:Dole ne a rage darajar halin yanzun tuƙi don manyan yanayin zafi. Wuce gona da iri na halin yanzu ko babban zafin aiki yana haifar da saurin lalacewar fitarwar haske da gazawa da wuri.
5. Iyakar Aikace-aikace:An yi niyya don na'urar don daidaitattun kayan aikin lantarki. Don aikace-aikacen masu mahimmanci na aminci (jirgin sama, likita, da sauransu), takamaiman tuntuba da cancanta sun zama dole.

8. Aminci da Gwaji

Na'urar tana ƙarƙashin cikakken jerin gwaje-gwajen aminci dangane da soja (MIL-STD), Jafananci (JIS), da ma'auni na ciki. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:
- Gwajin Rayuwar Aiki (RTOL):Sa'o'i 1000 a matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu.
- Gwaje-gwajen Danniya na Muhalli:Babban Zafi/Danshi Ajiya, Babban Zafi/Ƙananan Zafin Ajiya, Zagayowar Zafin Jiki, da Girgizar Zafi.
- Gwaje-gwajen Ƙarfin Tsari:Gwaje-gwajen Jure Solder da Solderability.
Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna tabbatar da ikon na'urar don jure wa tsananin masana'antu, ajiya, da aiki na dogon lokaci.

9. Kwatance da Bambancewa

Babban bambancin LTS-3861JF ya ta'allaka ne a cikin amfani da fasahar AlInGaP don fitar da rawaya-lemu. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP, AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen inganci mai haske da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki, yana haifar da fitarwa mai haske, mafi daidaito. Zanen fuskar toka/sassuna fari yana ba da bambanci mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da duk fakitin da aka watsa. Girman lamba 0.3-inch yana niyya ga wani takamaiman ƙwaƙƙwaran tsakanin ƙananan na'urorin nunin da ba a iya karantawa da manyan, masu ƙarfi.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin anode gama gari da cathode gama gari?
A: A cikin na'urar nunin anode gama gari, an haɗa duk anodes na LED tare zuwa Vcc, kuma ana kunna sassuna ta hanyar nutsar da halin yanzu (ƙaddamar da cathode ƙasa). A cikin cathode gama gari, an haɗa duk cathodes zuwa ƙasa, kuma ana kunna sassuna ta hanyar samar da halin yanzu (tuƙi anode sama). Dole ne da'irar tuƙi ta dace da nau'in.

Q: Ta yaya zan iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor mai iyakancewa?
A: Yi amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_supply - VF_LED) / I_desired. Yi amfani da matsakaicin VF daga takardar bayanin (2.60V) don tabbatar da isasshen halin yanzu a ƙasan kewayon VF. Don samar da wutar lantarki 5V da halin yanzu da ake so na 20mA: R = (5V - 2.6V) / 0.02A = 120 Ohms. Koyaushe duba ƙimar wutar lantarki na resistor: P = I^2 * R.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan na'urar nunin kai tsaye daga ƙugiyar microcontroller?
A: Ya dogara da ikon samar da halin yanzu/nutsar da ƙugiyar MCU. Yawancin MCUs na iya nutsar da halin yanzu fiye da yadda za su iya samarwa. Don na'urar nunin anode gama gari (nutsar da halin yanzu), kuna iya tuƙa shi kai tsaye idan halin yanzun sashe (misali, 10-20mA) yana cikin ƙayyadaddun halin yanzun nutsar da MCU kowane ƙugiya da iyakar kunshin gabaɗaya. Ana yawan amfani da IC direba (misali, 74HC595 mai canza rajista tare da direban nutsar da TPIC6B595, ko takamaiman direban LED) don haɗawa da samar da halin yanzu mafi girma.

11. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki

Yanayi: Ƙirar na'urar nunin lokaci ta lamba mai sauƙi.
Ana amfani da lambobi huɗu na LTS-3861JF don nuna mintuna da dakika (MM:SS). An zaɓi microcontroller tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙugiyoyin I/O.Aiwatarwa:Yi amfani da haɗawa. Haɗa duk cathodes sashe masu dacewa (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, DP) na lambobi huɗu tare. Waɗannan layuka takwas suna haɗawa da ƙugiyoyin microcontroller takwas waɗanda aka tsara a matsayin fitarwa (don nutsar da halin yanzu). Ana haɗa ƙugiyar anode gama gari na kowane lamba zuwa wani ƙugiyar microcontroller ta daban ta hanyar transistor NPN ƙarami (misali, 2N3904) wanda zai iya ɗaukar jimillar halin yanzun lamba (har zuwa sassuna 8 * 20mA = 160mA). Microcontroller yana zagayawa da sauri ta hanyar kunna transistor ɗaya (yana ba da damar lamba ɗaya) yayin da yake fitar da ƙirar sashe don wannan lamba akan layukan cathode. Ƙimar sabuntawa na >100Hz yana hana kallon flicker. Ana sanya resistors masu iyakancewa halin yanzu akan ko dai layukan cathode ko hanyoyin anode.

12. Ka'idar Fasaha

AlInGaP (Aluminium Indium Gallium Phosphide) wani fili ne na semiconductor na III-V. Lokacin da aka yi bias gaba, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman rabo na Al, In, Ga, da P a cikin lattice crystal yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yana ayyana tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar. Don hasken rawaya-lemu (~605nm), ana amfani da takamaiman abun da ke ciki. Ana girma AlInGaP akan substrate na GaAs. An san shi da babban ingancin ƙididdiga na ciki da kyakkyawan aiki a manyan yanayin zafi idan aka kwatanta da sauran tsarin kayan don launukan ja-rawaya.

13. Trends na Masana'antu

Trend a cikin na'urorin nunin LED daban-daban yana zuwa ga ingantaccen inganci, gamuts launi mai faɗi, da haɗawa da fasahar haɗawa-surface (SMT). Yayin da AlInGaP ya kasance mai rinjaye don amber da ja mai inganci, na'urorin tushen AllnGaN suna tura ƙari zuwa cikin bakan kore da rawaya. Haka nan akwai sauyin masana'antu gabaɗaya zuwa ƙirar ƙira mafi kyau, kayan aikin LED kai tsaye don manyan na'urorin nunin, yana rage buƙatar lambobi daban-daban a wasu aikace-aikace. Duk da haka, don sauƙi, arha, karatun lamba mai inganci a cikin na'urorin masana'antu da na mabukaci, na'urorin nunin LED masu rarrabuwa kamar LTS-3861JF sun kasance ingantaccen mafita mai ƙarfi da aiki saboda sauƙinsu, dorewa, da sauƙin mu'amala.