Bayanin Fasaha na Nunin LED na LTD-5435CKG-P - Tsayin Lamba 0.56-inch - AlInGaP Kore - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 2.6V - Halin Yanzu na Ci Gaba 25mA - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTD-5435CKG-P na'urar haɗawa ta saman (SMD) ce mai siffar nunin lamba biyu mai sassa bakwai. Babban aikace-aikacenta yana cikin na'urorin lantarki masu buƙatar karanta lambobi masu haske da bayyananne, kamar allunan kayan aikin ma'auni, na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci, sarrafa masana'antu, da kayan aikin gwaji. Nunin yana amfani da fasahar semiconductor Aluminium Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) don guntuwar LED, waɗanda aka ƙera akan wani abu na Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) marar gani. Wannan fasaha sananne ce don samar da fitar da haske mai inganci a cikin yankunan bakan haske ja, lemu, rawaya, da kore. An gina na'urar da fuska mai launin toka da sassa fari, suna ba da bambanci mai girma don ingantaccen karantawa. An ƙera ta musamman don hanyoyin haɗawa na jujjuyawar.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali

• Haskaka & Bambanci Mai Girma:Fasahar AlInGaP da ƙira suna samar da ingantaccen ƙarfin haske da ma'anar haruffa.
• Ƙarancin Amfani da Wutar Lantarki:An ƙera shi don aiki mai inganci tare da halayen tuƙi na yau da kullun.
• Faɗin Kallon Kallo:Yana tabbatar da ganuwa daga matsayi daban-daban.
• Amincin Tsarin Ƙarfe:Fasahar LED tana ba da dogon rayuwar aiki da juriya ga girgiza da rawar jiki.
• Fitar da Rarrabuwa:Ana rarraba na'urori don ƙarfin haske da launi (tsawon zango mai rinjaye) don tabbatar da daidaito a aikace-aikace.
• Bin Ka'idojin RoHS:Kunshin ba shi da gubar, yana bin ka'idojin muhalli.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a tabbatar da aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki kowane Sashi:70 mW
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba kowane Sashi:60 mA (a 1 kHz, zagayowar aiki 10%)
• Halin Yanzu na Ci Gaba kowane Sashi:25 mA
• Rage Halin Yanzu na Gaba:0.28 mA/°C sama da zafin yanayi na 25°C.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-40°C zuwa +105°C
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +105°C

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da Na Gani

An auna a zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C, waɗannan su ne madaidaicin sigogi na aiki.

• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haskaka kowane Sashi (I_V):14,000 µcd (Ƙarami), 26,000 µcd (Na al'ada) a I_F= 10 mA.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zangon Fitowa (λ_p):571 nm (Na al'ada) a I_F= 20 mA.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):15 nm (Na al'ada) a I_F= 20 mA.
• Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λ_d):568 nm zuwa 572 nm a I_F= 20 mA.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba kowane Sashi (V_F):2.0 V (Ƙarami), 2.6 V (Na al'ada) a I_F= 20 mA.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya kowane Sashi (I_R):100 µA (Matsakaici) a V_RDigital Multimeters & Kayan Aikin Gwaji:Lura: Wannan yanayin gwaji ne; ba a goyan bayan aikin bias na baya na ci gaba ba.
• Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Haskaka (I_V-m):2:1 (Matsakaici) a I_F= 10 mA, yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske na sashi.
• Maganar Ketare:≤ 2.5%, yana rage hasken da ba a so na sassan da ke kusa.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba nunin zuwa kwandon shara.

3.1 Binning na Ƙarfin Haskaka

Ana rarraba na'urori bisa ga matsakaicin ƙarfin haske kowane sashi a 10 mA.

• Matsayi P:13,701 µcd zuwa 21,820 µcd
• Matsayi Q:21,821 µcd zuwa 34,700 µcd
• Matsayi R:34,701 µcd zuwa 55,170 µcd
• Matsakaicin juriya na ƙarfin haske shine ±15%.

3.2 Binning na Launi (Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye)

Hakanan ana rarraba na'urori ta tsawon zango mai rinjaye a 20 mA don sarrafa inuwar kore.

• Matsayi 5:568.1 nm zuwa 570.0 nm
• Matsayi 6:570.1 nm zuwa 572.0 nm
• Juriya ga kowane kwandon tsawon zango mai rinjaye shine ±1 nm.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardun bayanai sun haɗa da lanƙwasa halaye na al'ada (ba a sake yin su a cikin rubutu a nan amma an bayyana su). Waɗannan lanƙwasan suna wakiltar alaƙar da ke tsakanin mahimman sigogi ta hanyar hoto, suna taimakawa wajen ƙira da'ira da hasashen aiki.

• Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (I_F-V_F):Yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta da layi, mai mahimmanci don zaɓar masu hana halin yanzu ko ƙira masu tuƙi na halin yanzu na yau da kullun.
• Ƙarfin Haskaka vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_V-I_F):Yana kwatanta yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, yawanci a cikin yanayin ƙasa-layi a manyan halayen yanzu saboda tasirin dumama.
• Ƙarfin Haskaka vs. Zafin Yanayi (I_V-T_a):Yana nuna raguwar fitar da haske yayin da zafin haɗin ke tashi, wanda yake da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafi a aikace-aikace.
• Rarraba Bakan:Zane na matsakaicin ƙarfi da tsawon zango, yana nuna ƙaramin kololuwar fitarwa na halayen LED na AlInGaP, wanda ke tsakiya kusan 571 nm.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

Na'urar tana da tsayin lamba 0.56 inches (14.22 mm). Cikakkun zane-zane masu girma suna ƙayyadad da girman kunshin gabaɗaya, wurin sashi, da matsayin jagora. Duk girmansu suna cikin milimita tare da juriya gabaɗaya na ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an lura daban.

5.2 Zanen Solder Pad vs. Zanen Fenti

Wannan zane yana da mahimmanci ga shimfidar PCB. Yana ayyana yankin solder pad da yankin da aka fenti (abin rufe solder) don tabbatar da samuwar haɗin solder da kyau da hana gajeriyar kewayawa. Muhimman bayanan sun haɗa da:

• Matsakaicin burr na fil ɗin robobi: 0.14 mm.
• Matsakaicin warping na PCB: 0.06 mm.
• Ƙayyadaddun plating na solder pad: Jan ƙarfe (Cu) mafi ƙarancin 1200 µin, Nickel (Ni) mafi ƙarancin 150 µin, Zinariya (Au) mafi ƙarancin 4 µin.
• Kauri na fenti (abin rufe solder): 400 µin.

5.3 Haɗin Fil & Da'irar Ciki

Nunin yana da tsarin anode gama gari mai yawa. Zanen da'irar ciki yana nuna anodes gama gari biyu (ɗaya ga kowane lamba) da cathodes ɗaya ɗaya ga kowane sashi (A-G) da maki goma/goma (L1, L2). Pinout kamar haka ne:

• Fil 1: Babu Haɗin (NC)
• Fil 2: Cathode E
• Fil 3: Anode Gama Gari Lamba 1
• Fil 4: Cathode D
• Fil 5: Cathode C
• Fil 6: Cathode L1, L2 (Colon)
• Fil 7: Anode Gama Gari Lamba 2
• Fil 8: Cathode B
• Fil 9: Cathode A
• Fil 10: NC
• Fil 11: Cathode F
• Fil 12: Cathode G

6. Jagororin Solder & Haɗawa

6.1 Umarnin Solder na SMT

Solder daidai yana da mahimmanci ga amincin.

• Solder na Reflow (Matsakaicin zagaye 2):
  • Pre-heat: 120–150°C
  • Lokacin Pre-heat: Matsakaicin dakika 120
  • Matsakaicin Zazzabi: Matsakaicin 260°C
  • Lokaci sama da ruwa: Matsakaicin dakika 5
• Solder na Hannu (Ƙarfe, Matsakaicin zagaye 1):
  • Zazzabi: Matsakaicin 300°C
  • Lokaci: Matsakaicin dakika 3
• Ana buƙatar lokacin sanyaya zuwa zafin daki tsakanin zagayen reflow na farko da na biyu idan ana buƙatar wucewa na biyu.

6.2 Tsarin Solder da Aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da zanen tsarin ƙasa don ƙirar PCB, yana ƙayyadad da madaidaicin girmen kushin jan ƙarfe (a cikin mm) don tabbatar da ingantaccen fillet na solder da ƙarfin injiniya.

7. Kunshin & Sarrafawa

7.1 Tsarin Kunshin

• Girman Reel:Ƙayyadaddun kunshin tef da reel da ake amfani da shi don haɗawa ta atomatik.
• Girman Mai ɗaukar Kaya:Cikakkun bayanai game da tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya wanda ke riƙe da abubuwan.
• Hanyar Cirewa:An nuna shi a fili don hana lalacewa yayin saitin mai ciyarwa.

7.2 Hanzarin Danshi & Gasasshen

Nunin SMD yana da hanzari ga danshi (MSL). Ana jigilar shi a cikin jakar kariya ta danshi mai rufi tare da desiccant.

• Ajiya:Jakunkunan da ba a buɗe ba yakamata a adana su a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH.
• Rayuwar Bene:Da zarar an buɗe jakar, dole ne a yi amfani da abubuwan cikin ƙayyadadden lokaci (ana nufin mako 1 a ƙarƙashin yanayin sarrafawa <30°C, <60% RH) ko a gasa kafin reflow.
• Yanayin Gasasshen:
  • A cikin Reel: 60°C na ≥48 hours.
  • A cikin Bulk: 100°C na ≥4 hours ko 125°C na ≥2 hours.
  • Yakamata a yi gasasshen sau ɗaya kawai don guje wa lalacewar damuwa mai zafi.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

• Digital Multimeters & Test Equipment:Don karanta lambobi masu haske da bayyananne.
• Allunan Sarrafa Masana'antu:Nuna masu canji na tsari kamar zazzabi, matsa lamba, ko ƙidaya.
• Kayan Amfani na Mabukaci:Nunin tanda microwave, injunan wanki, ko kayan aikin sauti.
• Nunin Bayan Kasuwar Motoci:Inda haske mai girma da faɗin kallon kallo ke da amfani.

8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

• Da'irar Tuƙi:Yi amfani da masu tuƙi na halin yanzu na yau da kullun ko masu hana halin yanzu masu dacewa ga kowane haɗin sashi/anode, la'akari da ƙirar anode gama gari mai yawa. Dole ne a bi ƙa'idodin ƙarfin wutar gaba da halin yanzu.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Tabbatar cewa ƙirar PCB tana ba da damar isasshen watsi da zafi, musamman idan ana aiki kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu ko a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma, kamar yadda ƙarfin haske ke raguwa tare da zafin jiki.
• Kusurwar Kallo:Faɗin kusurwar kallo fa'ida ce, amma yakamata a yi la'akari da tsayin hawa da ƙirar bezel don haɓaka karantawa ga mai amfani na ƙarshe.
• Kariya ta ESD:Aiwatar da ayyukan sarrafawa da kariya na ESD na yau da kullun yayin haɗawa, saboda LED suna da hankali ga fitar da wutar lantarki.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran fasahohi kamar GaP na gargajiya ko sabbin LED kore na tushen InGaN, fasahar AlInGaP a cikin LTD-5435CKG-P tana ba da takamaiman fa'idodi:

• vs. Tsofaffin LED Kore na GaP:AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen inganci mai haske da haske, mafi kyawun tsaftar launi (bakan kunkuntar), da ingantaccen aminci.
• vs. InGaN (Blue/Yellow Phosphor) Green LEDs:LED kore na AlInGaP yawanci suna da inganci mafi girma a cikin bakan kore mai tsafta (kusan 570 nm) kuma ba sa fama da lalacewar phosphor ko canjin launi akan lokaci. Suna ba da launin kore na musamman, cikakke.
• Mahimmin Bambanci:Haɗin haske mai girma (har zuwa Grade R bin), ingantaccen bambanci (fuska mai launin toka/sassa fari), da ingantaccen amincin fasahar AlInGaP sun sa wannan nunin ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar dogon rayuwa da aiki mai daidaito.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa Sigogi na Fasaha)

10.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin tsawon zango kololuwa da tsawon zango mai rinjaye?

Tsawon Zango Kololuwa (λ_p):Tsawon zango guda ɗaya inda rarraba ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma (571 nm Na al'ada).Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λ_d):Tsawon zango guda ɗaya na hasken monochromatic wanda ya dace da launin da aka gane na LED. Shi ne sigar da ake amfani da shi don binning hue (568-572 nm).

10.2 Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan nunin tare da samar da wutar lantarki 5V?

Ee, amma ba kai tsaye ba. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar gaba shine 2.6V a 20 mA. Dole ne ka yi amfani da mai hana halin yanzu a jere tare da kowane hanyar sashi/anode. An ƙididdige ƙimar resistor kamar R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F. Don samar da wutar lantarki 5V da manufa 20 mA: R = (5V - 2.6V) / 0.02A = 120 Ω. Koyaushe tabbatar da rushewar wutar lantarki a cikin resistor.

10.3 Me yasa akwai iyaka akan adadin zagayen reflow?

Zagayen reflow da yawa suna sanya kayan aikin zuwa damuwa mai zafi akai-akai, wanda zai iya lalata haɗin wayoyi na ciki, lalata guntuwar LED, ko raba kayan kunshin. Iyakar zagaye biyu shine kariya ta aminci.

10.4 Me "rarrabuwa don ƙarfin haske" ke nufi ga ƙirata?

Yana nufin zaka iya zaɓar takamaiman kwandon shara (P, Q, R) lokacin yin oda. Don samfurin da daidaiton haske a duk raka'a yake da mahimmanci, za ka ƙayyadad da ƙunƙuntaccen kwandon shara (misali, Matsayi Q kawai). Wannan na iya shafar farashi da samuwa amma yana tabbatar da daidaiton aikin gani.

11. Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira

Yanayi:Ƙirar sabon na'urar samar da wutar lantarki na benci mai buƙatar nunin ƙarfin wutar lantarki/halin yanzu mai haske, mai aminci.

Dalilin Zaɓi:An zaɓi LTD-5435CKG-P saboda tsayin lamba 0.56\" (mai sauƙin karantawa daga nesa), haske mai girma (Matsayi R bin da aka ƙayyade don karantawar hasken rana), da amincin AlInGaP don aiki na ci gaba. Tsarin anode gama gari ya sauƙaƙa ƙirar da'irar mai tuƙi mai yawa ta amfani da microcontroller guda ɗaya.

Aiwa:An yi amfani da IC mai tuƙi na halin yanzu na yau da kullun don samar da 15 mA kowane sashi (an rage daga matsakaicin 25 mA don tsawon rayuwa da sarrafa zafi). Shimfidar PCB ta bi tsarin solder pad da aka ba da shawarar daidai. An adana abubuwan a cikin akwati mai bushewa bayan an buɗe jakar kariya ta danshi kuma an yi amfani da su cikin kwanaki 3 don guje wa buƙatar gasasshen.

12. Gabatar da Ka'idar Fasaha

Guntun LED a cikin wannan nunin sun dogara ne akanAluminium Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP)kayan semiconductor. Ta hanyar bambanta ma'auni na Al, In, Ga, da P, za a iya ƙera bandgap na semiconductor don fitar da haske a takamaiman tsawon zango a cikin yankin ja zuwa kore na bakan. A wannan yanayin, an daidaita abun da ke ciki don fitar da kore kusan 571 nm. Electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na haɗin semiconductor, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Substrate na GaAs marar gani yana ɗaukar wasu haske, amma an inganta ƙirar guntu da mai nuna kunshin don jagorantar haske ta saman sashi, yana cimma inganci mai girma da haske.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Yayin da AlInGaP ke ci gaba da zama babbar fasaha mai inganci don LED ja, lemu, amber, da kore mai tsafta, mafi girman masana'antar LED tana ganin ci gaba mai gudana:

• Ƙananan Girma:Ci gaba da rage girman kunshin don nunin mafi girma.
• Ƙara Ingantacciyar Aiki:Ci gaban kayan aiki da girma na epitaxial yana haifar da ƙarin lumens kowace watt.
• Kai Tsaye Kore InGaN:Bincike kan ingantaccen fitar da kore kai tsaye daga kayan Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN) yana ci gaba, wanda zai iya ba da madadin wasu aikace-aikace a ƙarshe.
• Haɗawa:Trends zuwa nunin tare da haɗakar da'irar mai tuƙi ("nunin wayo") don sauƙaƙa ƙirar tsarin, kodayake LTD-5435CKG-P ya kasance daidaitaccen abu, marar mai tuƙi.

LTD-5435CKG-P yana wakiltar cikakkiyar, amintacce, da ingantaccen mafita a cikin takamaiman kusurwar sa na matsakaicin girman, nunin lambobi masu haske.