0.56-inch AlInGaP Hyper Red LED Display Digit - 14.22mm Height - 2.6V Forward Voltage - Takardar Bayani na Fasaha a cikin Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takardar ta bayyana cikakkun bayanai na kayan nuni na LED mai tsayin lamba 0.56-inch (14.22 mm) mai inganci. An tsara na'urar don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nuni mai haske da bayyananne na lambobi ko haruffa, tare da ingantacciyar ganuwa da aminci. Babban tsarinta yana mai da hankali kan samar da ingantacciyar aikin gani ta hanyar amfani da kayan semiconductor na zamani.

Nunin yana amfani da tsari mai ƙarfi, yana tabbatar da dogon rayuwar aiki da ƙarfi a kan girgiza da girgiza, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen masana'antu, kayan aikin ma'auni, da na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci inda fitowar gani mai dogaro ke da muhimmanci.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan lambar nuni ya samo asali ne daga fasahar kayan aiki da tsarin gani. Amfani da kayan semiconductor na Aluminium Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) akan substrate na Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) marar gani shine babban abin bambanta. Wannan tsarin kayan yana da suna saboda ingantaccen aiki a cikin sashin haske mai launin ja zuwa amber, wanda ke ba da gudummawa kai tsaye ga haske mai tsananin haske da ingantacciyar launi.

Haɗin fuskar launin toka mai haske da launin sashi fari an zaɗi su musamman don ƙara bambanci. Wannan yana ƙara karantawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban, tun daga wurare masu duhu zuwa dakuna masu haske. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana tabbatar da cewa bayanan da aka nuna suna ci gaba da iya karantawa ko da daga wuraren da ba a kai ba, wanda ke da muhimmanci ga mitoci na panel, kayan aikin gwaji, da nunin bayanan jama'a.

Ƙarancin buƙatar wutar lantarki wata fa'ida ce mai mahimmanci, wanda ke ba da damar haɗawa cikin tsarin da ake amfani da baturi ko mai ingancin makamashi ba tare da lalata hasken nuni ba. An rarraba na'urar don ƙarfin haske, yana samar da daidaito da hasashe a matakan haske a cikin batutuwan samarwa, wanda ke da muhimmanci ga nunin lambobi da yawa inda daidaitaccen bayyana ya zama dole.

Kasuwar da ake nufi ta ƙunshi fannoni daban-daban ciki har da sarrafa kai (don karanta sarrafa tsari), kayan aikin gwaji da ma'auni (mitoci, oscilloscopes), na'urorin likita, dashboard na mota (don nunin taimako), da na'urorin mabukaci. Amintaccen sa da aikin sa sun sa ya zama zaɗi na farko ga masu ƙira waɗanda ke buƙatar mafita mai ƙarfi da bayyananne na nunin lambobi.

2. Zurfin Bincike na Sigogi na Fasaha

Fahimtar cikakken sigogi na lantarki da na gani yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen ƙirar da'ira da cimma aikin da ake so a aikace-aikacen ƙarshe.

2.1 Halayen Photometric da na Gani

An ayyana aikin gani a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji a yanayin zafi (Ta) na 25\u00b0C.Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv)an ayyana shi da mafi ƙanƙanta 320 \u00b5cd, madaidaicin darajar 700 \u00b5cd, kuma ba a bayyana mafi girma ba, lokacin da aka tuka shi da gaba mai gaba (IF) na 1mA. Wannan sigogi, wanda aka auna ta amfani da tacewa mai kusanci da lanƙwawar ido na CIE photopic, yana nuna hasken da ake gani. Faɗin kewayon yana nuna cewa ana buƙatar tacewa mai kyau don aikace-aikacen da aka daidaita ƙarfin haske.

TheMatsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (\u03bbd)shine 639 nm, yana rarraba fitarwa a matsayin launin ja mai tsananin haske.Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (\u03bbp)yawanci 650 nm ne. Ƙaramin bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayi da kololuwar tsayi yana nuna fitarwa mai tsabta ta gani.Rabin Faɗin Layin Gani (\u0394\u03bb)shine 20 nm, wanda ke bayyana ƙunƙuntar hasken da aka fitar; ƙaramin darajar yana nuna mafi yawan tushen haske mai launi ɗaya.

TheMatsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv-m)an ayyana shi a matsayin 2:1 mafi girma lokacin da aka tuka sassan a 10mA. Wannan rabo yana ayyana bambancin da aka yarda a cikin haske tsakanin sassa daban-daban na lamba ɗaya ko tsakanin lambobi, yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani a cikin lambar da aka nuna.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Zafi

Babban sigogi na lantarki shineFarashin Gaba kowane Sashi (VF), wanda ke da madaidaicin darajar 2.6V a yanzu tuki (IF) na 20mA. An jera mafi ƙanƙanta a matsayin 2.1V. Wannan ƙarfin lantarki yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakancewa na yanzu.Juyawa Yanzu kowane Sashi (IR)shine mafi girma na 100 \u00b5A lokacin da aka yi amfani da juyawar juyawa (VR) na 5V, yana nuna halayen yoyo na diode a cikin yanayin kashewa.

An ayyana iyakokin zafi da aminci a ƙarƙashinMatsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici.Ci gaba da Gaba Yanzu kowane Sashishine 25 mA a 25\u00b0C, tare da factor derating na 0.28 mA/\u00b0C. Wannan yana nufin cewa yanzu da aka yarda da ci gaba yana raguwa a layi daya yayin da yanayin zafi ya tashi sama da 25\u00b0C. Wucewa waɗannan kimar na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin.

TheKololuwar Gaba Yanzu kowane Sashian ƙididdige shi don 90 mA amma kawai a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayin bugun jini: zagaye na 1/10 da faɗin bugun jini na 0.1ms. Wannan yana ba da damar lokutan gajerun lokutan tuƙi don haɗawa ko cimma mafi girman haske.Rashin Wutar Lantarki kowane Sashian iyakance shi zuwa 70 mW. Na'urar na iya aiki kuma ana adana ta a cikin faɗin kewayon zafi na -35\u00b0C zuwa +105\u00b0C. Dole ne zafin solder bai wuce 260\u00b0C ba fiye da dakika 3 a nisan 1.6mm ƙasa da wurin zama yayin haɗawa.

3. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

Ginin jiki na na'urar yana ƙayyade sawun sa, buƙatun hawa, da haɗawa gaba ɗaya cikin samfur.

3.1 Girman Kunshin da Pinout

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen kunshin nunin LED mai lambobi biyu. An ba da duk ma'auni a cikin millimeters tare da daidaitaccen jurewa na \u00b10.25 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade akan zanen girma. Wannan zanen yana da mahimmanci ga masu ƙirar PCB don ƙirar sawun daidai, tabbatar da daidaitaccen dacewa da samuwar haɗin gwiwa.

Tsarin haɗin fil yana da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen haɗuwa. Na'urar tana daAnode Gama Garitsari. Akwai fil ɗin anode gama gari daban-daban guda biyu: Fil 12 don Lamba 1 da Fil 9 don Lamba 2. Wannan yana ba da damar sarrafa ko haɗawa lambobi biyu daban. Katod ɗin sashi (A zuwa G, da Decimal Point) an haɗa su a layi daya a kan duka lambobi biyu. Misali, Fil 11 (Cathode A) yana sarrafa sashin 'A' na duka Lamba 1 da Lamba 2. Fil 6 da 8 an lura da su a matsayin "Ba Haɗi" (N/C). Cikakken zanen da'ira na ciki yawanci yana nuna wannan tsarin anode-gama-gari, katod-layi daya na lambobi biyu.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwawar Aiki

Yayin da takardar bayani ke ba da bayanan tebur, madaidaicin lanƙwawar halaye suna ba da zurfin fahimta game da halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba daidai ba.

Lanƙwawar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) da gaba mai gaba (IF) shine tushe. Yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta layi ba inda VF ke ƙaru tare da IF. Masu ƙira suna amfani da wannan don zaɗar daidaitaccen darajar resistor mai iyakancewa na yanzu don wani ƙarfin wutar lantarki don cimma maƙasudin yanzu tuki (misali, 10mA ko 20mA).

Lanƙwawar ƙarfin haske (Iv) da gaba mai gaba (IF) tana nuna yadda haske ke aunawa da yanzu. Gabaɗaya yana layi daya a ƙananan igiyoyin ruwa amma yana iya cika a manyan igiyoyin ruwa saboda tasirin zafi da inganci. Wannan lanƙwawar tana taimaka wa masu ƙira daidaita haske da amfani da wutar lantarki da tsawon rayuwar na'urar.

Lanƙwawar ƙarfin haske da yanayin zafi yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar rage zafi. Yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru, ingancin ƙirar LED yana raguwa, yana haifar da raguwar fitarwa don irin wannan yanzu tuki. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan a aikace-aikacen da aka yi amfani da su zuwa manyan yanayin aiki don tabbatar da cewa nuni ya ci gaba da zama mai haske isa.

5. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Daidaitaccen sarrafawa yayin aikin haɗawa yana da mahimmanci don hana lalacewa da tabbatar da dogon lokacin aminci.

An bayyana madaidaicin iyakar solder a sarari: na'urar na iya jure zafi mafi girma na 260\u00b0C na tsawon lokaci mafi girma na dakika 3, wanda aka auna a wuri 1.6mm (1/16 inch) ƙasa da wurin zama na kunshin. An tsara wannan jagora don hanyoyin solder na igiyar ruwa ko sake kunnawa. Wucewa waɗannan iyakokin lokaci-zafi na iya haifar da gazawar haɗin waya na ciki, fashewar kunshin, ko lalata ƙirar LED.

Ana ba da shawarar bin daidaitattun jagororin JEDEC ko IPC don hankalin danshi da hanyoyin gasa idan an adana na'urorin a cikin wuraren da ba a sarrafa su ba kafin amfani, ko da yake ba a bayyana takamaiman mataki a cikin wannan takardar bayani. Yin amfani da rigakafin ESD (Fitarwa na Lantarki) yayin sarrafawa koyaushe ana ba da shawara ga sassan semiconductor.

6. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

Haɗawa wannan nuni yana buƙatar kulawa da ƙirar lantarki da na gani.

6.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Tuki

Don nuni na anode gama gari, yawanci ana haɗa anodes zuwa wadataccen ƙarfin lantarki mai kyau ta hanyar resistors masu iyakancewa na yanzu ko canzawa ta hanyar transistors. Katod ɗin sashi an haɗa su zuwa IC direba (kamar direban nuni na musamman ko fil ɗin microcontroller GPIO) wanda ke nutse yanzu zuwa ƙasa don haskaka sashin. Darajar resistor mai iyakancewa na yanzu (R) ana ƙididdige ta ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vcc - VF - Vdriver_sat) / IF, inda Vcc shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki, VF shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na sashin LED (amfani da madaidaicin ko mafi girman darajar don aminci), Vdriver_sat shine ƙarfin jikewa na transistor direba ko IC, kuma IF shine yanzu gaba da ake so.

Don haɗawa lambobi biyu, anodes gama gari (Fil 9 da 12) ana kunna su a madadin a babban mitar (yawanci >100Hz). Lokacin da anode na Lamba 1 yake aiki, direbobin katod suna gabatar da tsarin Lamba 1. Sa'an nan, an kunna anode na Lamba 2 tare da tsarinsa. Wannan yana rage adadin fil ɗin direba da ake buƙata sosai amma yana buƙatar kulawa da lokaci don guje wa flicker da fatalwa.

6.2 Haɗawar Gani

Fuskar launin toka mai haske tana ba da tushe mai tsaka-tsaki, marar nunawa wanda ke ƙara bambanci. Lokacin ƙirar rufin samfur, yi la'akari da amfani da taga ko tacewa. Za a iya amfani da tacewa mai tsaka-tsaki don rage haske a cikin wurare masu duhu sosai, yayin da tacewa mai launi (misali, ja) zai iya ƙara bambanci a cikin yanayin haske. Ya kamata a yi la'akari da faƙin kusurwar kallo lokacin sanya nuni dangane da layukan gani na mai amfani da ake tsammani.

7. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban abin bambanta na wannan na'urar shine amfani daFasahar AlInGaP (Aluminium Indium Gallium Phosphide)Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar daidaitattun LEDs ja na GaAsP (Gallium Arsenide Phosphide), AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen inganci na haske sosai. Wannan yana nufin yana samar da ƙarin haske (lumens) don adadin wutar lantarki (watts) iri ɗaya, yana haifar da mafi girman haske da/ko ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki.

Bugu da ƙari, LEDs na AlInGaP gabaɗaya suna da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafi da dogon rayuwa saboda ingantattun kaddarorin kayan. Fitar "ja mai tsananin haske" (639nm matsakaicin tsawon tsayi) kuma launin ja ne na musamman, cikakke idan aka kwatanta da launin ja mai launin lemu na tsofaffin fasahohi. Idan aka kwatanta da madadin zamani, haɗin takamaiman tsayin lamba 0.56-inch, tsarin anode gama gari, da tabbataccen rarrabuwar ƙarfin haske sune fasalulluka masu ma'ana ga masu ƙira waɗanda ke zaɗar nuni.

8. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Me ake nufi da "rarrabuwa don ƙarfin haske"?

A: Yana nufin ana gwada LEDs kuma ana rarraba su (binning) dangane da hasken da aka auna a daidaitaccen gwajin yanzu. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaito lokacin da ake amfani da lambobi da yawa a gefe, yana hana lamba ɗaya ta bayyana a fili mai haske ko duhu fiye da maƙwabtanta.

Q: Zan iya tuka wannan nuni kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller 5V?

A: A'a, ba kai tsaye ba. Madaidaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba shine 2.6V, kuma fil ɗin microcontroller GPIO ba zai iya samarwa ko nutse isasshen yanzu cikin aminci ba (yawanci 20-40mA mafi girma kowane fil, tare da iyaka gaba ɗaya ga ƙirar). Dole ne ku yi amfani da resistors masu iyakancewa na waje kuma mai yiwuwa direbobin transistor ko takamaiman direban nuni IC don samar da daidaitaccen yanzu da ƙarfin lantarki.

Q: Me yasa akwai fil ɗin anode gama gari daban-daban guda biyu don lambobi biyu?

A: Wannan yana ba da damar haɗawa. Ta kunna anode don Lamba 1 da saita sassansa, sannan a kashe shi sannan a kunna anode don Lamba 2 tare da sassansa, kuma a maimaita wannan zagayowar da sauri, zaku iya sarrafa lambobi biyu ta amfani da fil ɗin sashi 7 kawai + fil ɗin lamba 2 = 9 fil, maimakon 7 x 2 = 14 fil idan kowane sashi an haɗa shi da waya daban.

Q: Menene manufar fil ɗin "Ba Haɗi" (N/C)?

A: Su ne filaye na zahiri a kan kunshin waɗanda ba a haɗa su da da'irar LED ta ciki ba. Yawanci ana haɗa su don kwanciyar hankali na injiniya na kunshin yayin aikin gyare-gyare ko don kiyaye daidaitaccen tazarar fil da sawu. Kada a haɗa su a cikin da'irar.

9. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Aiki

LED (Diode mai Fitowa Hasken) diode ne na semiconductor p-n junction. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙofar diode, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji (electrons da ramuka) suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi. A cikin daidaitaccen diode na silicon, ana fitar da wannan makamashi da farko azaman zafi. A cikin abu kamar AlInGaP, bandgap na makamashi yana da yawa cewa wani muhimmin sashi na wannan makamashin sake haɗawa ana fitar da shi azaman photons (haske). Takamaiman tsawon tsayi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor. An tsara bandgap na AlInGaP don samar da haske a cikin yankin ja zuwa amber na bakan tare da inganci mai girma. Substrate na GaAs marar gani yana taimakawa yin tunani da yawa daga cikin hasken da aka samar ta saman na'urar, yana inganta ingantaccen ingancin cire haske gaba ɗaya.

10. Trends na Ci Gaba

Fannin fasahar nuni yana ci gaba da haɗuwa. Yayin da lambobin LED masu hankali irin na wannan ke ci gaba da zama mahimmanci don takamaiman aikace-aikace saboda sauƙinsu, haske, da aminci, akwai abubuwa da yawa da suka shahara. Akwai motsi gaba ɗaya zuwa ga haɗawa mafi girma, kamar modules masu lambobi da yawa tare da masu sarrafawa na ciki (I2C ko SPI interface) waɗanda ke sauƙaƙa aikin microcontroller mai masaukin baki. Neman ingantaccen inganci yana ci gaba, mai yiwuwa yana motsawa daga AlInGaP zuwa ma fiye da tsarin kayan ci gaba don fitarwa ja/lemu. Bugu da ƙari, buƙatar mafi faɗin gamut na launi da takamaiman daidaitattun daidaitattun a cikin aikace-aikacen ƙwararru na iya haifar da ingantaccen binning da ƙaƙaƙeƙe sigogi akan matsakaicin tsawon tsayi da tsabtar launi. Duk da haka, fa'idodin asali na lambar LED mai hankali - ƙarfi, babban haske, ƙarancin farashi don sauƙaƙen nunin lambobi, da ingantacciyar kusurwar kallo - suna tabbatar da ci gaba da dacewarsa a yawancin samfuran masana'antu da na kasuwanci.