Takardar Bayanin Fasaha na LTC-2728JS - Nuni LED na Lambobi Hudu - AlInGaP Rawaya - 0.28-inch Tsawon Lamba - 2.6V Farashin Gaba - 40mW Karfin Watsawa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTC-2728JS tsarin nuni ne na lambobi hudu tare da sassa bakwai (alphanumeric display) wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi a fili da haske. Babban aikinsa shi ne nuna bayanan lambobi ta hanyar sassa da za a iya sarrafa su daban. An gina na'urar ta amfani da fasahar semiconductor na Aluminium Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) don abubuwan da ke fitar da haske, waɗanda aka ɗora a kan wani abu marar gani na Gallium Arsenide (GaAs). Haɗin wannan yana haifar da fitar da haske mai launin rawaya. Nuni yana da fuskar fuska mai launin toka tare da alamomin sassa fari, wanda ke ƙara bambanci da karantawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban.

Babban fa'idodin wannan nunin sun haɗa da kyakkyawan bayyanar haruffa, wanda aka samu ta hanyar sassa masu ci gaba da daidaito, da kuma babban haske tare da bambanci mai ƙarfi. Yana aiki tare da ƙarancin wutar lantarki, wanda ya sa ya dace da na'urorin da ke amfani da baturi ko na'urori masu kulawa da makamashi. Bugu da ƙari, yana ba da fa'idar kallon faɗi kuma yana amfana da amincin ƙwaƙƙwaran LED, yana tabbatar da dogon rayuwar aiki da juriya ga girgiza da rawar jiki.

Kasuwar da aka yi niyya don wannan ɓangaren ta haɗa da allunan sarrafa masana'antu, kayan aikin gwaji da aunawa, na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci (kamar agogo ko na'urori), allunan motoci (don nunin taimako), da kowane tsarin da ke buƙatar ingantaccen, mai iya karantawa, da ingantaccen mafita na nuni na lambobi.

2. Zurfin Fassarar Ma'anar Sigogin Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hasken Gani da na Gani

Mahimman sigogin gani suna ayyana aikin gani na nunin.Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv)an ƙayyade shi tare da ƙimar al'ada na 600 µcd a gaba na gaba (IF) na 1mA, tare da mafi ƙarancin 200 µcd. Wannan siga tana auna hasken da ido na mutum yake gani, wanda aka daidaita ta amfani da tacewa wanda ke kusa da lanƙwan amsawar gani na CIE.Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Watsawa (λp)shi ne 588 nm, kumaBabban Tsawon Tsawon (λd)shi ne 587 nm, duka an auna su a IF=20mA. Waɗannan ƙimomi suna sanya fitarwa a cikin yankin rawaya na bakan gani.Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ)shi ne 15 nm, yana nuna launin rawaya mai tsafta, mara launi.Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Haskentsakanin sassa an ƙayyade shi a matsayin 2:1 mafi girma, yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a duk sassan lamba don bayyanar daidai.

2.2 Sigogin Lantarki

Ƙayyadaddun lantarki suna sarrafa tuƙi mai aminci da inganci na LEDs.Farashin Gaba kowane Sashe (VF)yana da ƙimar al'ada na 2.6V a IF=20mA, tare da matsakaicin 2.6V. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan sashe mai haske.Koma Baya kowane Sashe (IR)matsakaicin 10 µA ne lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V, yana nuna zubar da ruwa a cikin yanayin kashewa.Ci gaba da Gaba na Gaba kowane Sashean ƙididdige shi a 25 mA mafi girma a 25°C, tare da ƙimar ragewa na 0.33 mA/°C. Wannan yana nufin matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki da aka yarda yana raguwa yayin da yanayin yanayi ya tashi sama da 25°C don hana yin zafi.Kololuwar Gaba na Gaba kowane Sashena 60 mA an yarda da shi a ƙarƙashin yanayi na musamman (1/10 aikin aiki, 0.1ms faɗin bugun jini).Rushewar Wutar Lantarki kowane Sashean iyakance shi zuwa 40 mW.

2.3 Zazzabi da Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin aiki waɗanda za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin.Yanayin Aiki da Ma'ajiyar Zazzabidaga -35°C zuwa +85°C. Wannan faɗin yanki yana sa nunin ya dace da mawuyacin yanayi.Juyawar Ƙarfin Lantarki kowane Sasheshi ne 5V; wuce wannan zai iya rushe haɗin LED. Muhimmin ƙayyadaddun sarrafawa shineZazzabin Solder: na'urar za ta iya jurewa matsakaicin 260°C har zuwa dakika 3, an auna shi a wuri 1.6mm (1/16 inch) ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na fakitin. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don jagorantar hanyoyin solder na sake kunnawa.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Dangane da takardar bayanin da aka bayar, ba a cikakken bayanin lambobin binning don tsawon tsayi (ko zazzabin launi), ƙarfin haske, ko ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ba. Ƙayyadaddun suna ba da mafi ƙarancin ƙima, na al'ada, da matsakaicin ƙimomi don mahimman sigogi kamar ƙarfin haske (200-600 µcd) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (2.05-2.6V). A cikin mahallin samarwa, masana'anta sau da yawa suna rarraba LEDs zuwa ƙaƙƙarfan ayyuka masu ƙarfi a cikin waɗannan iyakoki don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin guda ɗaya ko don takamaiman buƙatun abokin ciniki. Masu zane-zane yakamata su tuntubi mai kera don zaɓuɓɓukan binning da ake samu idan daidaitawar launi ko daidaiton ƙarfi fiye da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun min/max yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwan Aiki

Takardar bayanin tana nuni zuwa lanƙwan halayen lantarki/gani na al'ada. Duk da yake ba a sake yin takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutun ba, daidaitattun lanƙwan don irin waɗannan na'urori yawanci za su haɗa da:Gaba na Gaba (IF) vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF): Wannan lanƙwan yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni, mai mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakancewa.Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv) vs. Gaba na Gaba (IF): Wannan yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin lantarki, yawanci a cikin yanki mai kusan layi kafin inganci ya faɗi a ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki.Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv) vs. Yanayin Yanayi (Ta): Wannan lanƙwan yana nuna ƙimar zazzabi mara kyau na LEDs, inda fitar da haske ke raguwa yayin da zazzabin haɗin ke tashi.Rarraba Ƙarfin Bakan: Zane da ke nuna ƙarfin haske da aka fitar a tsawon tsayi, wanda ke tsakiya kusan 588 nm tare da ƙayyadadden rabin faɗin 15 nm. Fahimtar waɗannan alaƙoƙin yana da mahimmanci don haɓaka yanayin tuƙi don haske, inganci, da tsawon rai.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

Nuni yana da tsayin lamba na 0.28 inches (7.0 mm). An ba da girman fakitin a cikin cikakken zane tare da duk ma'aunai a cikin milimita. Tolerances gabaɗaya ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade su. Na'urar fakitin ƙafafu 16 ne biyu a cikin layi (DIP). Zanen da'irar ciki yana bayyana tsarin cathode na gama gari. Wannan yana nufin an haɗa cathodes na LEDs na kowane lamba tare (ƙafafun cathode guda huɗu na gama gari: Lamba 1, 2, 3, da 4), yayin da anodes na kowane nau'in sashe (A zuwa G, da DP) an haɗa su a duk lambobi. Wannan tsarin yana ba da damar haɗawa, inda ake haskaka lambobi ɗaya bayan ɗaya cikin sauri don haifar da tunanin cewa duk lambobi suna kan ci gaba, yana rage yawan ƙafafun direba da ake buƙata.

6. Jagororin Solder da Taro

Babban jagora da aka bayar shine juriyar zafi na solder: kayan aikin zai iya jurewa matsakaicin zazzabi na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, an auna shi 1.6mm ƙasa da jikin fakitin. Wannan ƙimar ma'auni ce don igiyar ruwa ko sake kunnawa. Don bayanan sake kunnawa, daidaitaccen bayanin marar gubar tare da matsakaicin zazzabi bai wuce 260°C ba ya shafi. Abubuwan kariya sun haɗa da guje wa matsin lamba na injiniya akan ƙafafun yayin shigarwa, tabbatar da daidaitawar daidai kafin yin solder, da hana wuce gona da iri na gada tsakanin ƙafafun. Yakamata a adana na'urar a cikin jakar shinge ta asali har sai an yi amfani da ita, a cikin ƙayyadadden kewayon zafin ma'ajiya na -35°C zuwa +85°C, kuma a cikin yanayi mai ƙarancin zafi don hana shan danshi.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

Lambar sashi ita ce LTC-2728JS. Bayanin da ke hade da wannan lambar sashi shine "AlInGaP Rawaya, Multiplex Common Cathode, Right Hand Decimal." Wannan yana nuna kayan LED, tsarin lantarki, da matsayi na maki goma. Cikakkun bayanan marufi kamar yawan bututu, ƙididdiga, ko ƙayyadaddun reel ba a haɗa su a cikin abin da aka cire ba. Alamar za ta haɗa da lambar sashi, lambar kuri'a, da lambar kwanan wata. Don yin oda, ana amfani da lambar sashi ta tushe LTC-2728JS.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikacen Al'ada

Wannan nunin ya dace da kowane aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi masu yawa a fili. Amfanin gama gari ya haɗa da: mitocin panel na dijital don ƙarfin lantarki, ƙarfin lantarki, ko mitar; na'urorin ƙidayar lokaci da agogo; ƙididdiga na layin samarwa; karatun na'urar likita (misali, na'urorin auna jini); nunin kayan aikin gida (magogo, microwave, injin wanki); da ma'aunin motoci bayan kasuwa.

8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Zane

Da'irar Tuƙi:Saboda ƙirar sa ta cathode gama gari, kayan aikin direba na nunin na musamman (kamar MAX7219 ko microcontroller tare da software mai haɗawa) kusan koyaushe ana buƙata. Ana kunna kowane lamba ta hanyar zubar da ƙarfin lantarki ta hanyar ƙafar cathode ɗaya yayin da ake fitar da ƙarfin lantarki zuwa ƙafafun anode na sashe da suka dace.Iyakancewar Ƙarfin Lantarki:Masu juriya na iyakancewa na waje wajibi ne ga kowane layin anode na sashe (ko mai yiwuwa ga kowane cathode na gama gari, dangane da gine-ginen direba) don saita ƙarfin lantarki na gaba zuwa ƙimar aminci, yawanci tsakanin 5-20 mA dangane da hasken da ake so da kasafin wutar lantarki. Ana iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (Vcc - VF) / IF.Sake Sabunta Ƙimar:Lokacin haɗawa, ƙimar sabuntawa ta kowane lamba yakamata ta yi yawa sosai don guje wa ƙyalli da ake iya gani, yawanci sama da 60 Hz kowane lamba (don haka jimlar ƙimar sake zagayowar >240 Hz don lambobi 4).Kusurwar Dubawa:Faɗin kusurwar dubawa yana ba da damar sanya matsayi mai sassauƙa.Tsarin Wutar Lantarki:Tabbatar cewa da'irar direba ba ta amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya ko wuce gona da iri na ƙarfin lantarki yayin kunna wutar lantarki ko kashe wutar lantarki.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran fasahohin sassa bakwai, LEDs na AlInGaP rawaya suna ba da fa'idodi daban-daban. Idan aka kwatanta da jajayen GaAsP ko GaP LEDs na gargajiya, AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen haske sosai, yana haifar da mafi girma haske don ƙarfin tuƙi iri ɗaya. Hakanan yana ba da mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki da tsawon rai. Idan aka kwatanta da shuɗi ko fararen LEDs tare da masu tacewa, AlInGaP rawaya launi ne na fitarwa kai tsaye, yana guje wa asarar inganci da ke hade da canza phosphor. Tsayin lamba 0.28-inch girma ne na gama gari, yana ba da daidaiton daidaito tsakanin karantawa da amfani da sararin allo, yana da girma fiye da nunin 0.2-inch don sauƙin dubawa kuma ƙanana fiye da nunin 0.5-inch don ƙanƙanta. Ƙirar cathode gama gari da aka haɗa daidaitacce ce don nunin lambobi masu yawa, tana rage ƙididdigar ƙafafu idan aka kwatanta da ƙirar da ba ta haɗawa ba (tuƙi na tsaye) wanda zai buƙaci yawan layukan I/O.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogin Fasaha)

Q: Menene manufar "Right Hand Decimal" a cikin bayanin?

A: Wannan yana ƙayyade matsayin jiki na sashe na maki goma. "Hannun Dama" yana nufin cewa maki goma yana gefen dama na lamba. Wasu nunin suna ba da hannun hagu ko tsakiyar maki goma.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan nunin tare da tushen ƙarfin lantarki na dindindin?

A: A'a. LEDs na'urori ne masu tuƙi na yanzu. Tushen ƙarfin lantarki na dindindin ba tare da resistor mai iyakancewa na yanzu ba zai iya ba da damar wuce gona da iri na ƙarfin lantarki, yana lalata sashin LED. Koyaushe yi amfani da tsarin iyakancewa na yanzu.

Q: Menene ma'anar "1/10 Aikin Aiki, 0.1ms Faɗin Bugun Jini" don Kololuwar Gaba na Gaba?

A: Wannan ƙimar tana ba da damar ƙarfin lantarki na nan take (60 mA) kawai idan bugun jini yana da gajere sosai (0.1ms) kuma LED ya kashe na tsawon lokaci (yana ba da aikin aiki na 10%). Wannan yana ba ku damar samun ɓarkewon ɗan gajeren lokaci na mafi girma haske don haɗawa ko tasirin strobe ba tare da yin zafi da guntu ba. Don haske na tsayayye, dole ne ku yi amfani da ƙimar Ci gaba da Gaba na Gaba (25 mA matsakaicin).

Q: Ƙafafu 4, 9, 10, da 12 an jera su a matsayin "BABU PIN." Menene wannan ke nufi?

A: Waɗannan ƙafafu ne da ba su nan a zahiri. Fakitin yana da ƙafafu 16, amma ƙafafu 12 ne kawai a zahiri suna nan kuma an haɗa su da lantarki. Wannan aiki ne na gama gari don daidaita girman fakitin yayin ɗaukar nauyin tsarin da'irar ciki daban-daban.

Q: Ta yaya zan iya ƙididdige jimillar amfani da wutar lantarki?

A: Don nunin da aka haɗa, wutar lantarki ba kawai jimillar duk sassa ba ne. A cikin tsarin haɗawa na al'ada, lamba ɗaya ne kawai ke kan a lokaci guda. Don haka, ƙarfin lantarki na nan take shine kusan ƙarfin wutar lantarki don lamba ɗaya mai cikakken haske (misali, sassa 8 * IF kowane sashe * VF). Matsakaicin wutar lantarki wannan ƙimar ne aka raba shi da adadin lambobi (don daidaitattun lokutan kan).

11. Yanayin Amfani na Aiki

Harka: Zane na Karatun Voltmeter na Lambobi 4.Mai zane yana gina voltmeter na dijital don nuna 0.00V zuwa 19.99V. Sun zaɓi LTC-2728JS saboda haskensa da karantawa. Suna amfani da microcontroller tare da mai canza analog-zuwa-dijital (ADC) don auna ƙarfin lantarki. Firmware na microcontroller yana sarrafa canza karatun ADC zuwa tsarin BCD (Binary-Coded Decimal). An saita ƙafafun I/O huɗu a matsayin fitarwa na buɗe-buɗe don tuƙi ƙafafun cathode na gama gari (Lambobi 1-4). Wasu ƙafafun I/O bakwai (da ɗaya don maki goma) an saita su azaman fitarwa turawa don tuƙi anodes na sashe (A-G, DP) ta hanyar masu juriya na 100Ω na yanzu (wanda aka ƙididdige don Vcc=5V, VF~2.6V, IF~20mA). Firmware yana aiwatar da katsewar timer wanda ke zagayawa cikin lambobi huɗu a ƙimar 1 kHz (250 Hz kowane lamba). A cikin tsarin katsewa, yana kashe duk lambobi, yana fitar da tsarin sashe don lamba ta gaba, sannan ya kunna cathode na wannan lamba. Wannan yana haifar da ingantaccen nunin, marar ƙyalli wanda ke nuna ƙarfin lantarki da aka auna.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'ida

Ka'idar aiki ta dogara ne akan electroluminescence a cikin haɗin p-n semiconductor. Tsarin crystal na AlInGaP (Aluminium Indium Gallium Phosphide) semiconductor ne kai tsaye na bandgap. Lokacin da aka yi wa gaba, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. Makamashin da aka saki yayin wannan sake haɗuwa ana fitar da shi azaman photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gami na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda ke daidai da tsawon tsayi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar - a wannan yanayin, rawaya (~587-588 nm). Substrate na GaAs marar gani yana ɗaukar duk wani haske da aka fitar ƙasa, yana inganta bambanci ta hanyar hana tunani na ciki wanda zai iya haifar da bayyanar "wanke". Tsarin sassa bakwai daidaitaccen tsari ne inda LEDs masu siffar sanduna bakwai masu sarrafa kansu (sassa) za a iya haskaka su cikin haɗuwa daban-daban don samar da lambobi 0-9 da wasu haruffa.

13. Trends na Ci gaba

Halin a cikin nunin sassa bakwai da makamantansu na LED na rarrabuwa yana ci gaba zuwa ga ingantaccen inganci, ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, da ingantaccen aminci. Duk da yake tushen fasahar AlInGaP ya girma, gyare-gyaren tsari yana haifar da mafi kyawun ingancin ƙididdiga na ciki da cire haske. Akwai haɓakar haɗakar na'urorin lantarki na direba, yana matsawa zuwa nunin "hankali" tare da ingantattun masu sarrafawa, hanyoyin sadarwa na I2C ko SPI, har ma da na'urori masu auna hasken yanayi don daidaita haske ta atomatik, yana rage nauyin zane akan microcontroller na tsarin. Dangane da siffar siffar, akwai matsin lamba akai-akai don fakitin sirara da ƙananan filaye don mafi girma bayanin bayanai. Koyaya, don karatun masana'antu na yau da kullun, fakitin DIP na rami ta hanyar, kamar yadda LTC-2728JS ke amfani da shi, ya kasance sananne saboda ƙarfin sa, sauƙin solder na hannu don samfuri, da ingantaccen aminci a cikin yanayi mai wahala.