Takardar Bayanin Fasaha ta LTS-3403JS - Nunin LED na Lambobi Bakwai - AlInGaP Yellow - 2.6V - 40mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTS-3403JS wani nau'in nunin lambobi bakwai ne mai launi ɗaya, wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi masu haske da bayyananne. Aikin sa na farko shi ne wakiltar lambobi (0-9) da wasu haruffa kaɗan ta hanyar kunna sassan LED daban-daban. Fasahar cibiyar ta dogara ne akan kayan semiconductor na Aluminium Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP), wanda aka ƙera don fitar da haske a yankin tsayin rawaya. Wannan zaɓin kayan na musamman yana ba da daidaito na inganci, haske, da tsabtar launi. Na'urar an rarraba ta a matsayin nau'in cathode gama gari, ma'ana an haɗa cathodes (tashoshi marasa kyau) na sassan LED tare a ciki, yana sauƙaƙa da'irar tuƙi lokacin amfani da tuƙa masu nutsewar kwayoyin halitta. Zanen jiki yana da farantin fuska mai launin toka mai haske tare da fakitin sassa fari, yana haɓaka bambanci da karantawa lokacin da sassan suka kunna.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bayani game da iyakokin aiki da halayen aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayi.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan sigogi suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki a ko kusa da waɗannan iyakokin don ingantaccen aiki.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki kowane Bangare:40 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da za a iya canzawa zuwa zafi da haske ta hanyar sashi ɗaya ba tare da haɗarin lalacewa ba.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba kowane Bangare:60 mA. Ana ba da izinin wannan halin yanzu kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da zagayowar aiki 1/10 da faɗin bugun jini na 0.1 ms. Ana amfani da shi don ɗan gajeren walƙiya mai ƙarfi.
• Ci gaba da Halin Gaba kowane Bangare:25 mA a 25°C. Wannan ƙimar tana raguwa a layi daya da adadin 0.33 mA/°C yayin da yanayin yanayi (Ta) ya tashi sama da 25°C, wani tsari da aka sani da derating.
• Juyin Juya Hali kowane Bangare:5 V. Wucewa wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin alkiblar koma baya na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ma'ajiyar Zazzabi:-35°C zuwa +85°C. An ƙididdige na'urar don yin aiki da adanawa a cikin wannan kewayon zafin yanayi.
• Zazzabin Solder:Matsakaicin 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, ana auna shi 1.6mm (1/16 inch) a ƙasa da matakin zama na kayan yayin solder ko sake kwarara.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki & Na Gani

Waɗannan su ne sigogin aiki na yau da kullun da aka auna a yanayin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji.

• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):Ya kewayo daga 320 μcd (ƙarami) zuwa 700 μcd (matsakaici), tare da ƙimar al'ada da ake nufi, lokacin da aka tuƙa shi a halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 1 mA kowane sashi. Wannan ma'auni ne na hasken da ake gani na fitar da haske.
• Matsakaicin Tsayin Tsayin Fitarwa (λ_p):588 nm (na al'ada). Wannan shine tsayin tsayin da ƙarfin hasken gani ya fi girma, yana ayyana launin rawaya.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):15 nm (na al'ada). Wannan yana nuna tsabtar bakan; ƙimar ƙaramar tana nufin launin rawaya mafi monochromatic (tsafta).
• Matsakaicin Tsayin Tsayi (λ_d):587 nm (na al'ada). Wannan shine tsayin tsayin da idon ɗan adam ke gani, wanda ya yi daidai da tsayin tsayi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba kowane Bangare (V_F):Ya kewayo daga 2.05 V (ƙarami) zuwa 2.6 V (matsakaici) a I_F= 20 mA. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake gudana.
• Juyin Juya Hali kowane Bangare (I_R):100 μA (matsakaici) lokacin da aka yi amfani da juyin juya hali (V_R) na 5 V.
• Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V-m):2:1 (matsakaici). Wannan yana ƙayyadad da matsakaicin bambancin haske da aka yarda tsakanin sassa daban-daban na lamba ɗaya ko tsakanin lambobi, yana tabbatar da kamanni iri ɗaya.

Bayanan kula akan Ma'auni:Ana auna ƙarfin haske ta amfani da haɗin firikwensin da tacewa wanda ya kusanta da hankalin bakan na idon ɗan adam (wanda ya dace da hasken rana), kamar yadda CIE (Hukumar Kula da Haskakawa ta Duniya) ta ayyana.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Takardar bayanin ta nuna cewa an "Rarraba na'urar don Ƙarfin Hasken." Wannan yana nufin tsarin rarraba bayan samarwa da aka sani da "binning." Yayin samarwa, ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin girma na epitaxial da sarrafa kayan AlInGaP na iya haifar da bambance-bambance a cikin mahimman sigogi kamar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) da ƙarfin haske (I_V). Don tabbatar da daidaito ga mai amfani na ƙarshe, ana gwada raka'o'in da aka kera kuma a raba su cikin takamaiman "kwantena" ko ƙungiyoyi bisa waɗannan ƙimar da aka auna. Ga LTS-3403JS, babban ma'auni na binning shine ƙarfin haske a 1 mA, kamar yadda ƙayyadaddun ƙimar ƙarami (320 μcd) da matsakaici (700 μcd) suka tabbatar. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar sassa daga takamaiman kwandon ƙarfi idan aikace-aikacensu yana buƙatar daidaitaccen matakin haske a cikin nunin da yawa.

4. Bincike na Lankwasa Ayyuka

Takardar bayanin tana magana ne da "Lankwasa Halaye na Lantarki / Na Gani na Al'ada." Duk da yake ba a cikakken bayanin takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, lankwasan daidaitawa na irin waɗannan na'urori yawanci sun haɗa da:

• Halin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lankwasa I-V):Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni. Lankwasa zai nuna V na al'ada_Fa yanayin tuƙi na gama gari kamar 1 mA da 20 mA.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Halin Gaba:Yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, yawanci a cikin alaƙar kusa da layi a cikin kewayon aiki, kafin yuwuwar cika a cikin halin yanzu mai ƙarfi sosai.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi:Yana kwatanta raguwar fitar da haske yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi, wani muhimmin abu ne don sarrafa zafi a cikin aikace-aikacen mai haske ko zafi mai girma.
• Rarraba Bakan:Zanen matsakaicin ƙarfi da tsayin tsayi, yana nuna kololuwa a ~588 nm da rabin faɗin, yana tabbatar da fitar da launin rawaya.

Waɗannan lankwasan suna da mahimmanci ga masu zane don ƙirar halayen nuni a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki daban-daban waɗanda ba a bayyana su a cikin tebur ba.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

Na'urar tana da ƙayyadaddun jiki. Ana ba da duk girma a cikin milimita (mm) tare da matsakaicin haƙuri na ±0.25 mm (0.01 inches) sai dai idan an lura a kan zanen girma. Babban fasalin shine tsayin lamba 0.8-inch, wanda yayi daidai da 20.32 mm, yana ayyana girman haruffa.

5.2 Tsarin Fil da Da'irar Ciki

LTS-3403JS yana cikin kunshin fil 18. Tsarin fil shine kamar haka: Fil 4, 6, 12, da 17 sune Anodes Gama Gari. An sanya cathodes na sassa zuwa takamaiman fil: A(2), B(15), C(13), D(11), E(5), F(3), G(14). Bugu da ƙari, yana da duka Hagu (L.D.P, fil 7) da Dama (R.D.P, fil 10) Maki Goma. Fil 1, 8, 9, 16, da 18 an lura da su a matsayin "Babu Fil" (mai yiwuwa ba a amfani da su ko kuma akwai injiniya kawai). Zanen da'irar ciki yana nuna tsarin cathode gama gari don manyan sassan lambobi, ma'ana duk cathodes na sassa suna dabam, kuma anodes suna gama gari. Maki goma ana iya samun su daban.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar yana ba da mahimmin sigar solder: na'urar na iya jure matsakaicin zazzabi na 260°C har zuwa dakika 3 yayin aikin solder. Wannan na al'ada ne don solder ko bayanan sake kwarara na infrared. Yana da mahimmanci cewa ba a wuce wannan iyakar zafin don hana lalacewa ga haɗin waya na ciki, guntuwar LED, ko kunshin filastik. Ya kamata masu zane su bi ka'idojin JEDEC ko IPC na daidaitawa don zanen sawun PCB, suna tabbatar da girman pad da tazara don sauƙaƙe ingantaccen samuwar haɗin gwiwa da kuma guje wa gado. Ya kamata a adana na'urar a cikin jakar shinge ta asali na danshi har sai an yi amfani da ita don hana shan danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da "popcorning" (fashewar kunshin) yayin sake kwarara.

7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

LTS-3403JS ya dace da aikace-aikace masu yawa waɗanda ke buƙatar nunin lambobi masu bayyananne, amintattu, ciki har da:

• Kayan Awo da Ma'auni:Multimeters, masu ƙidaya mitar, wadatar wutar lantarki.
• Sarrafa Masana'antu:Mitan panel, masu nuna tsari, nunin lokaci.
• Kayan Lantarki na Masu Amfani:Kayan aikin sauti (masu ƙara ƙarfi, masu karɓa), kayan aikin dafa abinci.
• Bayan Kasuwar Motoci:Ma'auni da karantawa (inda aka cika ƙayyadaddun yanayin muhalli).
• Na'urori masu ɗaukar hoto masu ƙarancin Wutar Lantarki:Inda ingantaccen aikin sa na ƙarancin halin yanzu (har zuwa 1mA/sashi) ya zama babban fa'ida ga rayuwar baturi.

7.2 Abubuwan da Ya kamata a Yi la'akari da su a Zane

• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:LEDs na'urori ne masu tuƙa halin yanzu. Ana buƙatar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere don kowane anode gama gari ko kuma dole ne a yi amfani da tuƙa mai ci gaba don hana wuce matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba, musamman tun V_Fna iya bambanta.
• Haɗawa da yawa (Multiplexing):Don nunin lambobi da yawa, haɗawa da yawa (sauƙaƙe zagayowar wutar lantarki tsakanin lambobi) ya zama gama gari don rage adadin fil da ƙarfi. Zanen cathode gama gari na LTS-3403JS ya dace da wannan. Matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu (60mA) yana ba da damar yin amfani da halin yanzu mai ƙarfi yayin haɗawa da yawa don cimma hasken da ake gani.
• Kusurwar Dubawa:Fasalin "kusurwar dubawa mai faɗi" yana da amfani ga aikace-aikacen da za a iya duba nuni daga wuraren da ba su da axis.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Duk da ƙarancin wutar lantarki, a cikin yanayin yanayi mai zafi ko kuma lokacin da aka tuƙa shi a cikin halin yanzu mafi girma, ya kamata a kula da lankwasa derating don halin yanzu na ci gaba.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambance-bambance

Babban fa'idar bambance-bambance na LTS-3403JS dangane da takardar bayanin sa sune:

• Kayan (AlInGaP):Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP, AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen inganci mai haske da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki, yana haifar da fitarwa mai haske da madaidaici.
• Aikin Halin Yanzu Ƙarami:Halayensa da gwajin sa don ingantaccen aiki a halin yanzu har zuwa 1 mA kowane sashi ya sa ya fito fili don aikace-aikacen ƙarancin wutar lantarki inda wasu nunin za su iya zama duhu ko rashin kwanciyar hankali.
• Daidaitawar Bangare:An gwada na'urar don daidaita sassa, yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a duk sassan lamba, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga kamannin matakin ƙwararru.
• Kunshin Bambanci Mai Girma:Fuskar launin toka mai haske tare da sassa fari yana ba da babban bambanci ko da lokacin da ba a samar da wutar lantarki ba, yana inganta karantawa gabaɗaya.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan nuni kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller na 5V?

A: A'a. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba shine 2.05-2.6V. Haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa 5V ba tare da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu ba zai haifar da wuce gona da iri, yana lalata LED. Dole ne a ƙididdige resistor a jere bisa ƙarfin wutar lantarki (misali, 5V), LED V_F, da kuma I da ake so_F.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin "Matsakaicin Tsayin Tsayi" da "Matsakaicin Tsayin Tsayi"?

A: Matsakaicin tsayin tsayi shine kololuwar jiki na bakan hasken da aka fitar. Matsakaicin tsayin tsayi shine tsayin tsayi guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ke gani wanda ya dace da launin hasken. Don tushen monochromatic kamar wannan LED rawaya, suna kusa sosai (587nm vs 588nm).

Q: Matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba shine 25mA, amma yanayin gwaji na V_Fshine 20mA. Wanne ya kamata in yi amfani da shi don zane?

A: 20mA yanayin gwaji ne na daidaitawa kuma wurin aiki na gama gari don ingantaccen haske. Kuna iya zane don 20mA. Ƙimar 25mA ita ce matsakaicin matsakaici; ba a ba da shawarar zane kusa da wannan iyaka ba tare da la'akari da zafi ba don dogon lokacin aminci.

Q: Ta yaya zan yi amfani da maki goma na hagu da dama?

A: Su ne LEDs masu zaman kansu. Fil 7 (L.D.P) shine cathode don maki goma na hagu, kuma Fil 10 (R.D.P) shine na dama. Don haskaka ɗaya, dole ne ku haɗa fil ɗin cathode ɗinsa zuwa ƙasa (ta hanyar resistor) kuma ku samar da ƙarfin lantarki zuwa ɗaya daga cikin anodes gama gari (fil 4, 6, 12, 17).

10. Misalin Zane na Aiki

Yanayi:Zanen karatun mitar volt guda ɗaya wanda aka samar da wutar lantarki 5V, yana mai da hankali ga halin yanzu na sashi na 10 mA don isasshen haske.

1. Tsarin Da'ira:Yi amfani da tsarin cathode gama gari. Haɗa duk cathodes na sassa (A-G, DP) zuwa fil ɗin I/O na microcontroller ta hanyar resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu. Haɗa duk anodes gama gari huɗu (fil 4, 6, 12, 17) tare zuwa layin samar da wutar lantarki 5V.
2. Ƙididdigar Resistor:Zaton mafi munin V_Fna 2.6V a 10mA. Ƙimar Resistor R = (V_samarwa- V_F) / I_F= (5V - 2.6V) / 0.01A = 240 Ohms. Resistor na daidaitawa 220 ko 270 Ohm zai dace. Rushewar wutar lantarki a cikin resistor P = I²² R = (0.01)² * 240 = 0.024W, don haka resistor 1/4W na daidaitawa yana da kyau.²* 240 = 0.024W, so a standard 1/4W resistor is fine.
3. Haɗin gwiwar Microcontroller:Don nuna lamba (misali, '7'), microcontroller zai saita fil ɗinsa da aka haɗa zuwa sassa A, B, da C zuwa LOGIC LOW (nutsewar halin yanzu), yayin da yake kiyaye sauran HIGH. Wannan yana kammala da'irar daga 5V (anode) ta hanyar LED da resistor zuwa ƙasan microcontroller, yana haskaka sassan A, B, da C.
4. Ƙaddamar da Haɗawa da yawa (Multiplexing):Don nunin lambobi 4, za ku sami raka'o'in LTS-3403JS huɗu. Haɗa duk cathodes na sassa da suka dace tare (duk fil 'A' tare, da sauransu). Za a sarrafa anodes gama gari na kowane nuni daban ta hanyar sauya transistor. Microcontroller yana zagayawa da sauri ta hanyar kunna anode na lamba ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya yayin da yake fitar da tsarin sashi don wannan lambar. Dagewar gani yana sa duk lambobi su bayyana suna haskakawa lokaci ɗaya.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

LTS-3403JS yana aiki bisa ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗin gwiwar p-n semiconductor. Kayan aiki shine AlInGaP. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce kofa na haɗin gwiwa (kusan 2V), electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yana ƙayyade tsayin tsayi (launi) na photons da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, hasken rawaya kusa da 587-588 nm. Kowane sashi na lamba wani LED ne daban tare da nasa haɗin gwiwar p-n. Tsarin cathode gama gari yana nufin gefen n (cathode) na duk waɗannan haɗin gwiwa don babban lamba an haɗa su a ciki, yayin da gefen p (anodes) suka bambanta don sarrafa sashi ɗaya.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Duk da yake nunin LED na lambobi bakwai daban-daban kamar LTS-3403JS sun kasance masu dacewa don takamaiman aikace-aikace saboda sauƙinsu, babban haske, da ƙarfi, manyan trends na fasahar nuni sun canza. Don cikakkun bayanai na haruffa ko zane-zane, nunin LED na dot-matrix, OLEDs, da LCDs yanzu sun fi rinjaye saboda sassaucinsu. Duk da haka, a cikin ƙwararrun masu nuna lambobi masu haske, ƙarancin wutar lantarki, masu sauƙi, AlInGaP da musamman sabbin fasahohin AllnGaP-on-GaP (transparent substrate) suna ci gaba da ba da inganci mafi girma da haske idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin kayan. Trend a cikin irin waɗannan nunin daban-daban shine zuwa ga inganci mafi girma (ƙarin haske kowane mA), ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki na aiki, da yuwuwar launi da yawa ko kunshin guda ɗaya mai iya RGB, ko da yake nunin monochromatic kamar wannan zai ci gaba don aikace-aikacen masu kula da farashi da aminci mai mahimmanci inda takamaiman fa'idodinsu suka fi girma.