Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfurin
- 1.1 Muhimman Abubuwan
- 1.2 Ayyukan Da Ake Amfani Da Su
- 2. Nazarin Ma'auni na Fasaha
- 2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Haske (a TS=25°C, IF=20mA)
- 2.2 Matsakaicin Matsayin Iyaka (a TS=25°C)
- 3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning
- 3.1 Bins na Zango
- 3.2 Bins na Karfin Haske
- 3.3 Bins na Wutar Lantarki
- 4. Nazarin Lanƙwasa Ayyuka
- 4.1 Karfin Gaba vs. Karfin Gaba (Hoto 1-6)
- 4.2 Karfin Haske Dangantaka vs. Karfin Gaba (Hoto 1-7)
- 4.3 Halayen Zazzabi (Hoto 1-8, 1-9)
- 4.4 Canjin Zango vs. Wutar Lantarki (Hoto 1-10)
- 4.5 Rarraba Zango (Hoto 1-11)
- 4.6 Tsarin Haske (Hoto 1-12)
- 5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi
- 5.1 Ma'aunin Fakiti
- 5.2 Tsarin Pad din Solder da Aka Shawarta
- 5.3 Polarity
- 5.4 Ma'aunin Teburin Doki da Reel
- 5.5 Bayanin Lakabi
- 6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa
- 6.1 Tsarin Solder na Reflow
- 6.2 Solder da Hannu
- 6.3 Yanayin Ajiyewa da Gasa
- 7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace
- 7.1 Misalan Amfani na Yau da Kullum
- 7.2 Abubuwan Da Aka Yi La'akari Da Su
- 8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Samfura Makamantan
- 9. Tambayoyi Akai-akai
- 9.1 Zan iya amfani da wannan LED don ayyukan waje?
- 9.2 Menene shawarar ajiyewa idan ban yi amfani da duk LED din lokaci ɗaya ba?
- 9.3 Zan iya tsaftace LED da tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic?
- 9.4 Me zai faru idan na saka wutar lantarki a baya?
- 10. Misalan Aikace-aikace Masu Amfani
- 10.1 Alamar Gida Mai Hankali
- 10.2 Hasken Bayan Dashboard na Mota
- 11. Ka'idar Aiki na LED Amber
- 12. Hanyoyin Masana'antu da Jagorar Gaba
- Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
- Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
- Ma'auni na Lantarki
- Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
- Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
- Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
- Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
1. Bayanin Samfurin
Wannan bayanin ya shafi LED Amber SMD, wani na'urar da aka yi ta amfani da guntun amber. Girman fakitin shine 1.6mm x 0.8mm x 0.98mm (tsayi x fadi x tsawo), wanda ya dace da ƙirar ƙarami. LED din yana fitar da haske a cikin zango na amber tare da mafi girman zango na 600nm zuwa 610nm a ƙarƙashin gwajin yanayi na yau da kullum (IF=20mA). An tsara shi don ayyukan nuna haske na gabaɗaya da hasken baya inda ake buƙatar kusurwar kallo mai fadi da aminci.
1.1 Muhimman Abubuwan
- Kusurwar kallo mai fadi sosai na 140° (2θ1/2)
- Ya dace da duk hanyoyin haɗa SMT da siyarwa
- Matsayin damshewa: Matsayi 3 (bisa ga JEDEC)
- Ya bi ka'idar RoHS kuma ba shi da abubuwa masu haɗari
- Girman ƙarami 1.6x0.8mm tare da tsayi kaɗan (0.98mm)
1.2 Ayyukan Da Ake Amfani Da Su
- Alamomin haske a cikin na'urorin mabukaci
- Hasken baya na maɓalli da alamomi
- Nuna haske na gabaɗaya
- Hasken cikin mota (ba mai mahimmanci ba)
2. Nazarin Ma'auni na Fasaha
2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Haske (a TS=25°C, IF=20mA)
| Ma'auni | Alama | Mafi ƙanƙanta | Yawanci | Mafi girma | Raka'a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faɗin Rabin Zango | Δλ | -- | 15 | -- | nm |
| Karfin Gaba (Bin B0) | VF | 1.8 | -- | 2.0 | V |
| Karfin Gaba (Bin C0) | VF | 2.0 | -- | 2.2 | V |
| Karfin Gaba (Bin D0) | VF | 2.2 | -- | 2.4 | V |
| Mafi Girman Zango (Bin A00) | λD | 600 | -- | 605 | nm |
| Mafi Girman Zango (Bin B00) | λD | 605 | -- | 610 | nm |
| Karfin Hasken (Bin F00) | IV | 65 | -- | 100 | mcd |
| Karfin Hasken (Bin G00) | IV | 100 | -- | 150 | mcd |
| Karfin Hasken (Bin H00) | IV | 150 | -- | 230 | mcd |
| Karfin Hasken (Bin I00) | IV | 230 | -- | 350 | mcd |
| Kusurwar Kallo | 2θ1/2 | -- | 140 | -- | deg |
| Ruwawar Baya (a VR=5V) | IR | -- | -- | 10 | μA |
| Juriya na Zafi (Tsakanin Junction zuwa Solder) | RTHJ-S | -- | -- | 450 | °C/W |
2.2 Matsakaicin Matsayin Iyaka (a TS=25°C)
| Ma'auni | Alama | Matsayi | Raka'a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rashin Iko | Pd | 72 | mW |
| Karfin Gaba | IF | 30 | mA |
| Mafi Girman Karfin Gaba (Pulse, 1/10 Duty, 0.1ms) | IFP | 60 | mA |
| Rashin Lantarki (HBM) | ESD | 2000 | V |
| Zazzabin Aiki | Topr | -40 ~ +85 | °C |
| Zazzabin Ajiyewa | Tstg | -40 ~ +100 | °C |
| Zazzabin Junction | Tj | 105 | °C |
Lura: Kada a wuce matsakaicin matsayin iyaka ko da na ɗan lokaci. Ana buƙatar sarrafa zafi da kyau don kiyaye zazzabin junction a ƙasa da iyaka.
3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning
Ana raba LED amber zuwa bin daban-daban bisa ga karfin gaba (VF), mafi girman zango (λD), da karfin haske (IV). Wannan yana bawa abokan ciniki damar zaɓar matakin aikin da ake buƙata don aikinsu.
3.1 Bins na Zango
An ayyana bins na zango guda biyu: A00 (600~605nm) da B00 (605~610nm). Rabin faɗin yawanci shine 15nm, yana tabbatar da fitowar zango mai ƙunci don daidaiton launi.
3.2 Bins na Karfin Haske
Akwai bins na karfin haske guda huɗu: F00 (65~100mcd), G00 (100~150mcd), H00 (150~230mcd), da I00 (230~350mcd). Waɗannan bins sun rufe buƙatun haske daban-daban daga alamomin ƙaramin iko zuwa hasken baya mai haske.
3.3 Bins na Wutar Lantarki
An ayyana bins na karfin gaba guda uku a 20mA: B0 (1.8-2.0V), C0 (2.0-2.2V), da D0 (2.2-2.4V). Wannan yana ba da damar daidaita wutar lantarki daidai a cikin da'irar resistor.
4. Nazarin Lanƙwasa Ayyuka
4.1 Karfin Gaba vs. Karfin Gaba (Hoto 1-6)
Lanƙwasa tana nuna halin diode na yau da kullum. A 20mA, karfin gaba yana kusan 2.0V. Lanƙwasa tana kusan madaidaici a sama da iyaka, yana ba da damar kimanta wutar lantarki ta hanyar resistor.
4.2 Karfin Haske Dangantaka vs. Karfin Gaba (Hoto 1-7)
Karfin haske dangantaka yana ƙaruwa kusan madaidaici tare da karfin gaba har zuwa 30mA. A 20mA an daidaita karfin haske zuwa 1.0; a 10mA yana faɗuwa zuwa kusan 0.5. Wannan yana na al'ada ga LED amber na yau da kullum.
4.3 Halayen Zazzabi (Hoto 1-8, 1-9)
Yayin da zazzabin yanayi ya tashi daga 25°C zuwa 100°C, karfin haske dangantaka yana raguwa da kusan 10%. Dole ne a rage mafi girman karfin gaba idan zazzabin fil ɗin ya wuce 60°C don kauce wa iyakar zazzabin junction.
4.4 Canjin Zango vs. Wutar Lantarki (Hoto 1-10)
Mafi girman zango yana canjawa kaɗan tare da wutar lantarki: daga kusan 605nm a 5mA zuwa 604nm a 30mA. Wannan ɗan canjin shuɗi ba shi da mahimmanci ga yawancin ayyuka.
4.5 Rarraba Zango (Hoto 1-11)
Matsayin zango yana kusa da 610nm tare da rabin faɗi na 15nm. Fitarwar tana tattara a yankin amber, yana dacewa da idon mutum.
4.6 Tsarin Haske (Hoto 1-12)
LED din yana da tsarin haske mai fadi tare da rabin kusurwa na 140° (2θ1/2). Karfin haske yana faɗuwa a hankali, yana samar da haske daidai a kan kusurwa mai girma.
5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi
5.1 Ma'aunin Fakiti
Fakitin LED yana da tsayi 1.6mm (tsayi) x 0.8mm (fadi) x 0.98mm (tsawo). Matsakaicin bambancin shine ±0.2mm sai dai in an bayyana daban. Hoto na ƙasa yana nuna alamar polarity (cathode ana nuna shi da ƙaramin alamar kusurwa). Pad din anode ya fi na cathode girma don taimakawa gane shi.
5.2 Tsarin Pad din Solder da Aka Shawarta
Ana shawarta pads na solder guda biyu: kowane pad yana da 0.8mm x 0.8mm tare da tazara 0.7mm (tsakiya zuwa tsakiya). Yankin saukowa gabaɗaya yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya da kuma daidaita zafi.
5.3 Polarity
LED din yana da tashoshi biyu: tashar 1 ita ce anode (pad mafi tsayi) da tashar 2 ita ce cathode (pad mafi gajere tare da alama). Ana buƙatar daidaita juzu'i don kauce wa lalacewa ta hanyar juyar da baya.
5.4 Ma'aunin Teburin Doki da Reel
Ana ba da LED din a cikin tebirin doki mai faɗi 8mm tare da tazara 4mm. Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da guda 4000. Diamita na waje na reel shine 178±1mm, diamita na cibiya 60±1mm, kuma faɗin tebirin 8.0±0.1mm. An nuna polarity a aljihun tebirin.
5.5 Bayanin Lakabi
Kowane reel yana da lakabi mai lambar sashi, lambar bayani, lambar yawa, lambobin bin (zango, haske, wutar lantarki, chromaticity), adadi, da kwanan wata. Jakar da ke hana damshin kuma tana da lakabin taka tsantsan game da ESD.
6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa
6.1 Tsarin Solder na Reflow
Ana bin tsarin solder na reflow na JEDEC J-STD-020. Muhimman ma'auni:
- Matsakaicin hawa (Tsmax zuwa TP): mafi girma 3°C/s
- Zangon dumama: 150°C zuwa 200°C na 60-120s
- Lokaci sama da 217°C: 60-150s
- Matsakaicin zazzabi: 260°C mafi girma na tsawon 10s
- Matsakaicin saukar zafi: mafi girma 6°C/s
- Yawan sake zagayowar reflow: mafi girma 2
Idan fiye da sa'o'i 24 sun shuɗe tsakanin sake zagayowar reflow guda biyu, dole ne a gasa LED din don cire damshin da aka sha.
6.2 Solder da Hannu
An yarda da solder da hannu sau ɗaya kawai, tare da zazzabin ƙarfe ƙasa da 300°C da tsawon lokaci ƙasa da daƙiƙa 3. Kada a sanya damuwa a kan ruwan tabarau yayin solder.
6.3 Yanayin Ajiyewa da Gasa
Kafin buɗe jakar da aka rufe, ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤75% RH har zuwa shekara ɗaya. Bayan buɗe, dole ne a yi amfani da LED din a cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Idan lokacin fallasa ya wuce ko kuma mai nuna damshin ya nuna canji, dole ne a gasa LED din a 60±5°C na tsawon sa'o'i >24 kafin amfani.
7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace
7.1 Misalan Amfani na Yau da Kullum
Saboda ƙaramin girman sa da kusurwar kallo mai fadi, wannan LED amber ya dace da alamomin yanayi a cikin na'urorin hannu, hasken baya na maɓalli, da haskaka alamomi a cikin allunan dashboard.
7.2 Abubuwan Da Aka Yi La'akari Da Su
- Ƙayyade Wutar Lantarki:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jerin don iyakance karfin gaba zuwa darajar da ake so. Canji kaɗan a cikin wutar lantarki na iya haifar da babban canji a karfin gaba ba tare da resistor ba.
- Gudanar da Zafi:Tabbatar da isasshen hanyar fitar da zafi, musamman lokacin aiki kusa da matsakaicin karfin gaba. Zazzabin junction bai kamata ya wuce 105°C ba.
- Kariya daga Juyar da Wutar Lantarki:Ba a tsara LED din don juyar da wutar lantarki ba. Yi amfani da diode mai kariya idan akwai yiwuwar juyar da wutar lantarki a cikin da'ira.
- Hankalin ESD:Wannan na'urar tana kula da watsawar lantarki ta jiki (HBM 2kV). Yi amfani da hanyoyin daidaita ƙasa da sarrafawa.
- Daidaitaccen Sinadarai:Ka nisanci fallasa ga sulfur, bromine, chlorine, da kuma sinadarai masu saurin ƙafewa (VOCs) sama da iyakoki da aka ayyana, saboda suna iya haifar da canza launi ko gazawa.
- Tsaftacewa:Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, yi amfani da isopropyl alcohol. Kada ayi amfani da tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic, saboda tana iya lalata LED.
8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Samfura Makamantan
Idan aka kwatanta da LED amber na yau da kullum a cikin fakitin 0805 ko 0603, wannan na'urar tana ba da kusurwar kallo mai fadi (140° vs 120° na yau da kullum) da kuma tsayi kaɗan (0.98mm vs 1.2mm). Tsaftar zango iri ɗaya ne, amma zaɓuɓɓukan karfin haske na bins da yawa suna ba da damar zaɓin haske mai kyau. Bugu da ƙari, matakin damshewa 3 yana tabbatar da solder amintacce a ƙarƙashin yanayin masana'anta na yau da kullum.
9. Tambayoyi Akai-akai
9.1 Zan iya amfani da wannan LED don ayyukan waje?
LED din yana da matsayin zazzabin aiki -40°C zuwa +85°C, amma ba a yi masa kariya ta musamman daga UV ba. Don amfani a waje, ana shawarta kariya daga damshi da UV.
9.2 Menene shawarar ajiyewa idan ban yi amfani da duk LED din lokaci ɗaya ba?
Sake rufe tebirin/reel da ba a yi amfani da shi ba a cikin jakar hana damshi tare da busasshiyar abin da aka haɗa da shi, kuma ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤75% RH. Idan an buɗe jakar, yi amfani da shi a cikin sa'o'i 168 ko kuma gasa kafin amfani.
9.3 Zan iya tsaftace LED da tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic?
A'a, ba a shawarta tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic ba saboda tana iya haifar da lalacewa ta injiniya ga guntun LED ko wayoyin haɗi.
9.4 Me zai faru idan na saka wutar lantarki a baya?
Saka wutar lantarki a baya sama da 5V na iya haifar da yawan ruwa da lalacewa ta dindindin. Koyaushe tabbatar da daidaitattun polarity.
10. Misalan Aikace-aikace Masu Amfani
10.1 Alamar Gida Mai Hankali
Wani ma'aunin zazzabi mai hankali yana amfani da LED amber guda huɗu azaman alamomin yanayi. Kowane LED yana aiki a 15mA tare da resistor 120Ω daga wutar lantarki 3.3V. Kusurwar kallo mai fadi yana tabbatar da gani daga kowace hanya.
10.2 Hasken Bayan Dashboard na Mota
A cikin allo na sarrafa yanayi na mota, LED amber da yawa suna haskaka alamomi don saurin fanfo, zazzabi, da kuma hanyar iska. Ƙaramin fakiti yana ba da damar sanya su a bayan jagororin haske na bakin ciki.
11. Ka'idar Aiki na LED Amber
Wannan LED amber ya dogara ne akan tsarin semiconductor AlInGaP (aluminum indium gallium phosphide). Lokacin da aka saka karfin gaba, electrons da holes suna sake haɗuwa a yankin aiki, suna fitar da photons tare da makamashi da ya dace da zango na amber (kimanin 2.0 eV). Ingancin quantum yana da girma, yana haifar da fitowar haske mai haske ko da a ƙananan wutar lantarki.
12. Hanyoyin Masana'antu da Jagorar Gaba
Hanyar a cikin LED SMD tana zuwa ga ƙananan fakitin tare da ingantaccen haske da kusurwar haske mai fadi. Ci gaban gaba na iya haɗawa da kariyar ESD da aka haɗa, ƙarin rage juriyar zafi, da inganta daidaito da hanyoyin solder marasa gubar. LED amber suna ci gaba da shahara don buƙatun launi na musamman inda ja ko rawaya-kore ba su dace ba.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |