ALFS1G-C0 LED Bayanin Fasaha - Kunshin SMD na Yumbu - 400lm @1000mA - 3.3V - Kallon Kusa na 120° - Nau'in Motoci

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Jerin ALFS1G-C0 suna wakiltar babban ɓangaren LED mai ƙarfi, wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen hasken motoci masu ƙarfi. Wannan na'urar tana cikin kunshin yumbu mai ƙarfi, yana ba da ingantaccen sarrafa zafi da amincin da ya zama dole don yanayin aiki mai tsauri da ake samu a cikin motoci. Babban manufar ƙirarta ita ce samar da babban fitar haske tare da daidaitaccen aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai faɗi, wanda ya sa ya zama zaɓi mai dacewa don ayyukan hasken waje masu mahimmanci ga aminci.

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da babban ƙarfin haske na 400 lumens a ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 1000mA, faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 don kyakkyawan rarraba haske, da kuma bin ƙa'idodin masana'antar motoci masu tsauri. An yi niyya musamman ga kasuwar hasken waje na motoci, gami da aikace-aikace inda ƙarfi, tsawon rai, da kwanciyar hankali na aiki ba za a iya sasantawa ba.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hoto da Na'urorin Lantarki

Mahimman sigogi suna ayyana iyakar aikin LED. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki (I_F) yana da matsakaicin wurin aiki na 1000mA, tare da mafi ƙarancin 50mA da matsakaicin iyakar ƙima na 1500mA. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki ƙasa da 50mA. Ƙarfin haske (Φ_v) an ƙayyade shi azaman 360 lm (Min), 400 lm (Typ), da 500 lm (Max) lokacin da aka tuka shi da 1000mA, ana auna shi a zafin ƙafar zafi na 25°C tare da ƙimar auna na ±8%._FƘarfin wutar lantarki (V_F) ya bambanta daga 2.90V zuwa 3.80V, tare da ƙimar al'ada na 3.30V a 1000mA (±0.05V tolerance). Wannan sigogi yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar direba da lissafin ɓarnar wutar lantarki. Matsakaicin zafin launi (CCT) don bambancin farin sanyi ya bambanta daga 5180K zuwa 6893K a ƙarƙashin yanayi na al'ada._v2.2 Thermal and Absolute Maximum Ratings

Sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci ga tsawon rai na LED. Juriyar zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder (R_thJS) an ƙayyade shi da ƙima biyu: 4.0 K/W (Typ) / 4.4 K/W (Max) don yanayin gaske da 3.0 K/W (Typ) / 3.4 K/W (Max) don yanayin auna lantarki. Matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa (T_j) shine 150°C._FMatsakaicin Iyakoki na Cikakke suna ayyana iyakokin da za a iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin a bayansu. Waɗannan sun haɗa da matsakaicin ɓarnar wutar lantarki (P_d) na 5700 mW, kewayon zafin aiki (T_opr) na -40°C zuwa +125°C, da kewayon zafin ajiya (T_stg) na -40°C zuwa +125°C. Na'urar na iya jure ESD (HBM) har zuwa 8 kV da zafin solder na reflow na 260°C.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LEDs zuwa kwandon shara dangane da mahimman sigogi._{3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken (Luminous Flux Binning)}Don sigar Cool White, an ayyana kwandon shara na ƙarfin haske daga Rukuni C4 zuwa C9. Kowane kwandon shara yana ɗauke da takamaiman kewayon ƙarfin haske, misali, kwandon shara C5 yana ɗauke da 380-400 lm, kuma kwandon shara C6 yana ɗauke da 400-425 lm, duk ana auna su a matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki tare da bugun jini na 25ms. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LEDs tare da ƙarfin hasken da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacensu._J3.2 Rarraba Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki (Forward Voltage Binning)

An rarraba ƙarfin wutar lantarki zuwa ƙungiyoyi uku: 1A (2.90V - 3.20V), 1B (3.20V - 3.50V), da 1C (3.50V - 3.80V). Rarraba ta hanyar ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'irori masu daidaitawa da sarrafa nauyin zafi a cikin LEDs da yawa a cikin jeri._d3.3 Rarrawa Ayyukan Launi (Cool White)_{An ayyana halayen launi ta amfani da madaidaicin madaidaicin launi na CIE 1931 (x, y). Bayanan bayanan suna ba da cikakken tsarin kwandon shara da tebur don fararen LEDs masu sanyi. Ana sanya kwandon shara tare da lambobi kamar 64A, 64B, 60A, da sauransu, kowanne yana wakiltar takamaiman yanki mai siffar huɗu akan ginshiƙi na CIE. Misali, kwandon shara 64A yana ɗauke da madaidaitan da ke cikin iyakokin da (0.3109, 0.3382), (0.3161, 0.3432), (0.3169, 0.3353), da (0.3120, 0.3306) suka ayyana, wanda ya dace da kewayon tunanin launi mai alaƙa. Wannan ingantaccen rarraba yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi mai ƙarfi, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga hasken motoci inda daidaitawar launi tsakanin hanyoyin haske da yawa ke da mahimmanci.}4. Binciken Lakatunan Aiki_{Lakatunan da aka bayar suna ba da haske mai zurfi game da halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.}4.1 Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki (I_F) da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki (V_F) (Lakabin IV)

Lakabin yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta layi ba, al'ada ga LEDs. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki, yana farawa kusan 2.7V a ƙananan ƙarfin wutar lantarki kuma ya kai kusan 3.5V a matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 1500mA. Wannan lakatun yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar daidaitaccen tsarin direba mai iyakance ƙarfin wutar lantarki.

4.2 Matsakaicin Hasken (Φ_v) da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki (I_F)

Fitar haske yana ƙaruwa da ƙarancin layi tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Yayin da fitarwa ke ƙaruwa sosai daga 50mA zuwa 1000mA, ƙarar ƙarar yana raguwa yayin da ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya kusanci matsakaicin ƙima, yana nuna raguwar tasiri a manyan ƙarfin wutar lantarki saboda ƙaruwar nauyin zafi.

4.3 Lakatunan Aikin Zafi

Lakabin Matsakaicin Hasken da Zafin Haɗin gwiwa yana nuna kashe zafi. Yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi daga -40°C zuwa 150°C, matsakaicin haske yana raguwa. A 100°C, fitarwa shine kusan 85-90% na ƙimarsa a 25°C, yana nuna mahimmanci na buƙatar ingantaccen nutsewar zafi a cikin aikace-aikacen wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi.

Lakabin Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki da Zafin Haɗin gwiwa yana nuna cewa V_F yana raguwa da layi tare da ƙaruwar zafin jiki (ma'auni mara kyau na zafin jiki), wanda shine siffar canje-canjen bandgap na semiconductor. Wannan kadarori wani lokaci ana iya amfani da shi don sa ido kai tsaye na zafin jiki.

Lakatunan Canjin Launi sun nuna cewa duka ƙarfin wutar lantarki da zafin haɗin gwiwa suna haifar da ƙananan canje-canje amma ana iya aunawa a cikin madaidaitan CIE x da y. Dole ne a yi la'akari da waɗannan canje-canje a cikin aikace-aikacen launi masu mahimmanci.

4.4 Rage Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki (Derating) da Sarrafa Bugun Jini (Pulse)

Lakabin Rage Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar amincin. Yana ƙayyade matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai iyaka a matsayin aikin zafin ƙafar solder (T_sp). Misali, a T_sp na 110°C, matsakaicin I_F shine 1500mA. A matsakaicin T_sp mai iyaka na 125°C, matsakaicin I_F an rage shi zuwa 1200mA. Aiki a cikin wannan lakatun wajibi ne don hana yin zafi da gazawar da ba ta daɗe ba.

Lakabin Ƙarfin Sarrafa Bugun Jini yana nuna LED na iya jure ƙarfin wutar lantarki da yawa fiye da matsakaicin ƙimar DC don gajerun lokutan bugun jini (misali, microseconds zuwa milliseconds) a cikin zagayowar aiki daban-daban. Wannan yana da alaƙa da tsarin aikin bugun jini wani lokaci ana amfani da shi a cikin hankali ko sadarwa.

5. Bayanin Injiniya, Kunshawa & Tari

5.1 Girman Injiniya da Ƙirar Ƙafar Solder

LED yana amfani da kunshin yumbu na surface-mount. Duk da yake ba a bayar da ainihin girmansa a cikin ɓangaren da aka cire ba, bayanan bayanan sun haɗa da sassa na musamman don zane-zanen Girman Injiniya da shimfidar Ƙafar Solder da aka ba da shawarar. Yin bin ƙirar ƙafar da aka ba da shawarar yana da mahimmanci don cimma haɗin gwiwar solder mai aminci, canja wurin zafi mai dacewa zuwa PCB, da tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.

5.2 Bayanin Reflow Solder da Abubuwan Kariya

An ba da takamaiman Bayanin Reflow Solder, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C. Bin wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don guje wa lalacewar zafi ga kunshin LED ko kayan haɗin gwiwa na ciki. Sashen Kariya don Amfani yana ƙunshe da mahimman jagororin sarrafawa, ajiya, da haɗawa don hana lalacewar ESD, ɗaukar danshi (MSL 2), da damuwa na injiniya.

5.3 Bayanin KunshawaSashen Bayanin Kunshawa yana cikakken bayanin yadda ake samar da LEDs (misali, tef da ƙayyadaddun reel), wanda ya zama dole don hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik.6. Jagororin Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

6.1 Aikace-aikacen Da aka Yi niyyaBabban aikace-aikacen da aka jera duk hasken waje na motoci ne: Fitilun Kaya (babban haske, ƙananan haske), Fitilun Gudanar da Rana (DRL), da Fitilun Hazo. Waɗannan aikace-aikacen suna buƙatar babban aminci, faɗin juriya na zafin aiki, da ƙarfin aiki akan abubuwan muhalli kamar girgiza da ɗanɗano.6.2 Muhimman Abubuwan Ƙira_FƘirar Zafi: Ƙarancin R_thJS na kunshin yumbu yana da fa'ida, amma babban hanyar zafi daga ƙafafun solder zuwa heatsink na tsarin (misali, PCB mai ƙarfe-tsaki ko sanyaya mai aiki) wajibi ne don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa ƙasa, musamman lokacin tuki a manyan ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Yi amfani da lakatun rage ƙima azaman iyakar ƙira.

Da'irar Tuki: Ana buƙatar direba mai ƙarfi don tabbatar da fitar haske mai ƙarfi da hana guduwar zafi. Dole ne a ƙera direba don ɗaukar kewayon kwandon shara na ƙarfin wutar lantarki da samar da ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ake buƙata har zuwa 1500mA.Ƙirar Hoto: Kusurwar kallo na 120° ta dace don ƙirar faffadan tsarin haske, daidai gwargwado. Za a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau, masu haskakawa) don siffanta hasken don takamaiman aikace-aikace kamar yankewar fitila ko sa hannun DRL.Ƙarfin Muhalli: Bayanan samfur sun yi daidai da ƙarfin sulfur (Class A1), Ba Halogen, da ƙa'idodin RoHS/REACH, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga motoci da sauran masana'antu masu ƙa'ida. Masu ƙira yakamata su tabbatar cewa dukan taro (PCB, solder, rufin daidaitawa) ya cika ƙa'idodin haɗin gwiwa.

7. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Duk da yake kwatancen kai tsaye zuwa wasu samfuran ba ya cikin bayanan bayanan, ana iya ƙididdige manyan bambance-bambancen wannan LED. Haɗin kunshin yumbu (ingantaccen aikin zafi da aminci akan kunshin filastik), ingancin AEC-Q102 (gwajin amincin nau'in motoci), babban ƙarfin haske a daidaitaccen ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 1000mA, da cikakken rarraba don duka ƙarfin haske da launi suna sanya wannan ɓangaren a cikin babban ɓangaren aminci don hasken motoci. Matsakaicin ESD na 8kV da juriyar sulfur sun ƙara dacewarsa ga yanayi masu tsauri.8. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)Q: Zan iya tuka wannan LED a 1500mA akai-akai?_SA: Kawai idan za ka iya tabbatar da cewa zafin ƙafar solder (T_sp) yana ko ƙasa da 110°C, kamar yadda lakatun rage ƙima ya nuna. A manyan zafin ƙafa, dole ne a rage ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Don aiki mai aminci na dogon lokaci, ƙira don matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 1000mA ko ƙasa da haka yana da kyau._SQ: Menene ma'anar MSL 2?_FA: Matsakaicin Hankalin Danshi 2. Wannan yana nufin cewa LED ɗin da aka kunna za a iya adana shi a cikin yanayi mai bushewa (<60% RH) har zuwa shekara guda. Kafin reflow solder, idan kunshin ya kasance a cikin yanayin muhalli fiye da rayuwarsa na bene, dole ne a gasa shi don cire danshi don hana lalacewar "popcorning" yayin reflow._SQ: Ta yaya zan fassara kwandon shara na launi kamar 64A ko 60B?_FA: Waɗannan lambobi ne don takamaiman yankuna akan zanen launi na CIE. Dole ne ka kwatanta lambar kwandon shara tare da tebur da ginshiƙi da aka bayar don nemo ainihin siffar huɗu na madaidaitan CIE x,y wanda launin LED zai faɗo ciki. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi lokacin amfani da LEDs da yawa.

Q: Me ya sa akwai mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 50mA?A: Aiki a ƙananan ƙarfin wutar lantarki na iya haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali ko rashin daidaiton fitar haske. Mafi ƙarancin da aka ƙayyade yana tabbatar da cewa LED yana aiki a cikin yanki mai ƙarfi na halayen aikin sa.9. Ka'idojin Aiki da Trends

9.1 Ka'idar Aiki ta Asali

Wannan diode ne mai fitar haske mai ƙarfi. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki wanda ya wuce ƙarfin bandgap sa, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki na semiconductor mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman kayan aiki da tsarin yadudduka na semiconductor suna ƙayyade tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar. Kunshin yumbu yana aiki da farko azaman gida mai ƙarfi na injiniya kuma, mahimmanci, azaman madaidaicin hanyar zafi don canja wurin zafin da aka samar a haɗin gwiwar semiconductor (saboda sake haɗuwa mara radiyo da juriya na lantarki) zuwa PCB da heatsink.

9.2 Trends na Masana'antuCi gaban LEDs kamar ALFS1G-C0 yana nuna mahimman trends a cikin hasken motoci: canji daga tushen halogen na gargajiya da HID zuwa duk-hasken LED mai ƙarfi don ingantaccen aiki, tsawon rai, da sassauƙan ƙira. Akwai ci gaba na tuƙi don ingantaccen ƙarfin haske (ƙarin lumens a kowace watt), ingantattun kunshin sarrafa zafi (kamar yumbu na ci gaba), ƙaramin rarraba launi da ƙarfin haske don ingantaccen daidaito, da ingantattun ƙa'idodin aminci (AEC-Q102, juriyar sulfur) don saduwa da tsammanin tsawon rai na tsarin motoci na shekaru 10-15. Bugu da ƙari, haɗa ayyuka da yawa (misali, katako na tuki mai daidaitawa) cikin ƙananan ƙirar LED shine trend mai girma.drawings andRecommended Soldering Padlayout. Adhering to the recommended pad geometry is crucial for achieving reliable solder joints, proper thermal transfer to the PCB, and ensuring mechanical stability.

.2 Reflow Soldering Profile and Precautions

A specificReflow Soldering Profileis provided, with a peak temperature rating of 260°C. Following this profile is essential to avoid thermal damage to the LED package or the internal die attach materials. ThePrecaution for Usesection likely contains important handling, storage, and assembly guidelines to prevent ESD damage, moisture absorption (MSL 2), and mechanical stress.

.3 Packaging Information

ThePackaging Informationsection details how the LEDs are supplied (e.g., tape and reel specifications), which is necessary for automated assembly processes.

. Application Guidelines and Design Considerations

.1 Target Applications

The primary applications listed are all automotive exterior lighting: Headlamps (main beam, low beam), Daytime Running Lights (DRL), and Fog Lamps. These applications demand high reliability, wide operating temperature tolerance, and robust performance against environmental factors like vibration and humidity.

.2 Critical Design Considerations

• Thermal Design:The low R_thJSof the ceramic package is beneficial, but a high-performance thermal path from the solder pads to the system heatsink (e.g., metal-core PCB or active cooling) is mandatory to keep the junction temperature low, especially when driving at high currents. Use the derating curve as a design limit.
• Drive Circuitry:A constant-current driver is required to ensure stable light output and prevent thermal runaway. The driver must be designed to accommodate the forward voltage bin range and provide the necessary current up to 1500mA.
• Optical Design:The 120° viewing angle is suitable for creating broad, even illumination patterns. Secondary optics (lenses, reflectors) will be needed to shape the beam for specific applications like headlamp cutoffs or DRL signatures.
• Environmental Robustness:The product notes compliance with sulfur robustness (Class A1), Halogen Free, and RoHS/REACH standards, which are essential for automotive and other regulated industries. Designers should ensure the entire assembly (PCB, solder, conformal coating) meets complementary standards.

. Technical Comparison and Differentiation

While a direct comparison to other products is not in the datasheet, key differentiators of this LED can be inferred. The combination of aceramic package(superior thermal performance and reliability over plastic packages),AEC-Q102 qualification(automotive-grade reliability testing),high luminous fluxat a standard 1000mA drive current, anddetailed binningfor both flux and color places this component in the high-reliability segment for automotive lighting. Its 8kV ESD rating and sulfur resistance further enhance its suitability for harsh environments.

. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)

Q: Can I drive this LED at 1500mA continuously?

A: Only if you can guarantee the solder pad temperature (T_S) is at or below 110°C, as per the derating curve. At higher pad temperatures, the current must be reduced. For reliable long-term operation, designing for a typical current of 1000mA or lower is advisable.

Q: What is the meaning of MSL 2?

A: Moisture Sensitivity Level 2. This means the packaged LED can be stored in a dry environment (<60% RH) for up to one year. Before reflow soldering, if the package has been exposed to ambient conditions beyond its floor life, it must be baked to remove moisture to prevent "popcorning" damage during reflow.

Q: How do I interpret the color bins like 64A or 60B?

A: These are codes for specific regions on the CIE chromaticity diagram. You must cross-reference the bin code with the provided table and chart to find the exact quadrilateral of CIE x,y coordinates that the LED's color will fall within. This ensures color consistency when using multiple LEDs.

Q: Why is there a minimum current of 50mA?

A: Operating at extremely low currents may lead to unstable or non-uniform light emission. The specified minimum ensures the LED operates in a stable region of its performance characteristics.

. Operational Principles and Trends

.1 Basic Operating Principle

This is a solid-state light-emitting diode. When a forward voltage exceeding its bandgap voltage is applied, electrons and holes recombine in the active semiconductor region, releasing energy in the form of photons (light). The specific materials and structure of the semiconductor layers determine the wavelength (color) of the emitted light. The ceramic package serves primarily as a robust mechanical housing and, critically, as an efficient thermal conduit to transfer heat generated at the semiconductor junction (due to non-radiative recombination and electrical resistance) away to the PCB and heatsink.

.2 Industry Trends

The development of LEDs like the ALFS1G-C0 reflects key trends in automotive lighting: the shift from traditional halogen and HID sources to all-solid-state LED lighting for higher efficiency, longer life, and design flexibility. There is a continuous push for higher luminous efficacy (more lumens per watt), improved thermal management packages (like advanced ceramics), tighter color and flux binning for better uniformity, and enhanced reliability standards (AEC-Q102, sulfur resistance) to meet the 10-15 year lifespan expectations of automotive systems. Furthermore, integration of multiple functions (e.g., adaptive driving beam) into compact LED modules is a growing trend.