209-3SURSYGW/S530-A3 Fitilar LED Mai Launuka Biyu - 3mm Zagaye - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 2.0V - Ja Mai Kyau & Koren Rawaye - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

209-3SURSYGW/S530-A3 fitilar LED ce mai launuka biyu wacce ke da guntun semiconductor guda biyu a cikin fakitin zagaye na 3mm guda ɗaya. An ƙera wannan na'urar don samar da fitilar haske mai daidaito da faɗin kusurwar kallo, wanda ya sa ta dace da aikace-aikacen nuna alama da hasken baya daban-daban. Ana samun fitilar a cikin tsarin da ke fitar da launuka biyu daban-daban: Ja Mai Kyau da Koren Rawaye Mai Kyau, wanda aka samu ta hanyar amfani da fasahar kayan AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide) don duka guntayen. Ana ba da fakitin a cikin nau'in resin Farar Watsawa don sigar mai launuka biyu, wanda ke taimakawa wajen watsa hasken don ƙarin kamanni mai daidaito.

Babban fa'idodin wannan samfurin sun haɗa da ingantaccen inganci na ƙwaƙƙwaran jiki wanda ke haifar da dogon rayuwar aiki, ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki wanda ya sa ya dace da haɗaɗɗun da'irori, da bin manyan ka'idojin muhalli da aminci kamar RoHS, EU REACH, da buƙatun marasa halogen. An tsara shi don aikace-aikacen kayan lantarki na mabukaci da na kwamfuta.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan yanayin ba.

• Ci gaba da Ci gaba na Gaba (IF): 25 mA don duka guntayen SUR (Ja Mai Kyau) da SYG (Koren Rawaye Mai Kyau).
• Kololuwar Ci gaba na Gaba (IFP): 60 mA don duka guntayen, ana yarda da shi a ƙarƙashin zagayowar aiki na 1/10 a 1 kHz.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya (VR): 5 V. Wuce wannan na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd): 60 mW a kowace guntu. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin da na'urar za ta iya watsawa a Ta=25°C.
• Zafin Aiki (Topr): -40°C zuwa +85°C. An ƙera na'urar don yin aiki a cikin wannan kewayon zafin yanayi.
• Zafin Ajiya (Tstg): -40°C zuwa +100°C.
• Zafin Solder (Tsol): 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 5, yana ayyana jurewar bayanin solder na sake kunnawa.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan su ne madaidaicin ma'auni na aiki da aka auna a zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C da ci gaba na gaba (IF) na 20 mA, sai dai idan an faɗi.

• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (VF): Matsakaicin ƙima shine 2.0V don duka launuka, tare da kewayon daga 1.7V (Mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 2.4V (Mafi girma). Wannan ƙaramin ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana da mahimmanci don aiki mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki.
• Ci gaba na Baya (IR): Matsakaicin 10 µA a VR=5V, yana nuna kyakkyawar keɓancewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (IV): Guntun SUR (Ja) yana da matsakaicin ƙarfi na 50 mcd, yayin da guntun SYG (Koren Rawaye) yana da matsakaicin ƙarfi na 20 mcd. Wannan bambance-bambancen yana cikin halayen amsawar gani na ɗan adam da kayan guntu.
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ1/2): Faɗin rabin kusurwa na digiri 80 shine na yau da kullun ga duka launuka, yana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi.
• Kololuwar Tsawon Zango (λp): SUR: 632 nm (Ja), SYG: 575 nm (Koren Rawaye).
• Mafi Girman Tsawon Zango (λd): SUR: 624 nm, SYG: 573 nm. Wannan shine tsinkayar launi ɗaya na tsawon zango ta idon ɗan adam.
• Faɗin Bakan Radiation (Δλ): Kusan 20 nm ga duka biyun, yana ayyana tsaftar bakan.

Lura: An ƙayyade rashin tabbas na ma'auni don Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (±0.1V), Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (±10%), da Mafi Girman Tsawon Zango (±1.0nm).

3. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

3.1 Halayen Guntun SUR (Ja Mai Kyau)

Lanƙwasan da aka bayar suna ba da haske game da halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

• Dangantakar Ƙarfi da Tsawon Zango: Yana nuna kololuwa mai kaifi a kusa da 632 nm, yana tabbatar da fitarwar ja.
• Tsarin Jagora: Yana kwatanta bayanin fitarwa mai kama da Lambertian wanda ya dace da kusurwar kallo na digiri 80.
• Ci gaba na Gaba da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa IV): Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni, mai mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irori masu iyakancewar halin yanzu. Lanƙwasa yana nuna matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na kunna da juriya mai ƙarfi.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfi da Ci gaba na Gaba: Yana nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu amma yana iya nuna rashin layi ko jikewa a manyan halayen yanzu, yana mai da hankali kan buƙatar yanayin tuƙi daidai.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfi da Zafin Yanayi: Yana nuna raguwar ƙarfin haske yayin da zafin yanayi ya tashi, halayen gama gari na LED saboda ƙaruwar sake haɗuwa mara radiation.
• Ci gaba na Gaba da Zafin Yanayi: Mai yiwuwa yana nuna alaƙar a ƙarƙashin ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na akai, yana nuna tasirin zafi akan halin yanzu.

3.2 Halayen Guntun SYG (Koren Rawaye Mai Kyau)

An ba da lanƙwaso makamantan don guntun SYG, tare da manyan bambance-bambance a cikin zane-zanen musamman na tsawon zango.

• Dangantakar Ƙarfi da Tsawon Zango: Kololuwa yana tsakiya a kusa da 575 nm.
• Matsayin Launi da Ci gaba na Gaba: Wannan lanƙwasa na musamman don guntun SYG yana nuna yadda launin da ake gani (matsayin launi) zai iya canza ɗan kaɗan tare da canje-canjen halin yanzu na tuƙi, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen mai mahimmanci na launi.
• Lanƙwasa IV, ƙarfi da halin yanzu, da lanƙwasan dogaro da zafin jiki suna bin yanayi makamantan da guntun SUR amma tare da ƙimomi na musamman ga kaddarorin kayan SYG.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

4.1 Girman Fakitin

An saka LED a cikin daidaitaccen fakitin zagaye na 3mm. Manyan bayanan girma sun haɗa da:

• Duk girma suna cikin milimita.
• Dole ne tsayin flange ya zama ƙasa da 1.5mm (0.059\").
• Ana amfani da jurewar gabaɗaya na ±0.25mm sai dai idan an faɗi.
• Zanen yana nuna tazarar jagora, diamita na jiki, da tsayin gabaɗaya, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar sawun PCB da kayan aikin injiniya.

4.2 Gano Polarity

Fakitin yana da flange ko gefen lebur akan jagoran cathode (korau). Dole ne a kiyaye daidaitaccen polarity yayin shigarwa don hana lalacewar ƙarancin baya.

5. Jagororin Solder da Taro

5.1 Samuwar Jagora

• Dole ne lanƙwasa ya faru aƙalla 3mm daga gindin kwan fitila na epoxy don guje wa damuwa akan mutuwar ciki da haɗin waya.
• Dole ne a yi samuwarkafin soldering.
• A guji amfani da damuwa ga fakitin. Dole ne ramukan PCB su yi daidai da jagororin LED don hana damuwa da aka ɗora.
• Yanke jagora a zafin daki.

5.2 Yanayin Ajiya

• Ajiyar da aka ba da shawarar: ≤30°C da ≤70% Zazzabin Dangi bayan jigilar kaya.
• Rayuwar shiryayye: watanni 3 a ƙarƙashin waɗannan yanayi. Don ajiyar dogon lokaci (har zuwa shekara 1), yi amfani da akwati mai rufi tare da yanayin nitrogen da abin bushewa.
• A guji saurin canjin zafin jiki a cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano don hana hazo.

5.3 Tsarin Solder

Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin nisa na 3mm daga haɗin solder zuwa kwan fitilar epoxy.

• Solder na Hannu: Matsakaicin zafin ƙarfen ƙarfe 300°C (don ƙarfen 30W matsakaici). Matsakaicin lokacin solder dakika 3.
• Solder na Wave/DIP: Matsakaicin zafin jiki na farko 100°C (na matsakaicin dakika 60). Matsakaicin zafin wanka na solder 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 5.
• An ba da shawarar zanen bayanin solder, yawanci yana nuna haɓakawa, dumama farko, sake kunnawa, da lokacin sanyaya don sarrafa damuwa na zafi.
• A guji damuwa akan jagora a yanayin zafi. Kada ku yi solder fiye da sau ɗaya.

6. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

6.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tattarawa

Ana tattara LED a cikin kayan da ba su da ɗanɗano, masu hana tashin hankali don karewa daga fitar da tashin hankali na lantarki (ESD) da ɗanɗanon muhalli.

• Kwararar Tattarawa: Ana sanya LED a cikin jakar hana tashin hankali na lantarki. Ana sanya jakunkuna da yawa a cikin akwatin ciki. Ana tattara akwatuna na ciki da yawa zuwa wani akwatin waje.
• Adadin Tattarawa: Mafi ƙanƙanta 200 zuwa 1000 guda a kowace jaka. Jakuna 4 a kowace akwatin ciki. Akwatunan ciki 10 a kowace akwatin waje.

6.2 Bayanin Alama

Alamar marufi ta haɗa da lambobi da yawa:

• CPN: Lambar Sashen Abokin Ciniki.
• P/N: Lambar Sashen Masana'anta (misali, 209-3SURSYGW/S530-A3).
• QTY: Yawa a cikin fakitin.
• CAT: Matsayi don Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (bayanin rarrabuwa).
• HUE: Matsayin Launi (rarrabuwar tsawon zango).
• REF: Tunanin Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba.
• LOT No: Lambar kayan masana'anta da za a iya gano su.

7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikacen Yau da Kullun

Kamar yadda aka jera a cikin takardun bayanan, manyan aikace-aikace sun haɗa da:

• Na'urorin TV (alamomin matsayi, hasken baya)
• Masu lura (fitilu na wutar lantarki/aiki)
• Wayoyi (matsayin layi, alamomin jiran saƙo)
• Kwamfutoci (aikin tuƙi mai ƙarfi, alamomin wutar lantarki)

Ƙarfin launuka biyu yana ba da damar nuna alama mai matsayi biyu (misali, ja don jiran aiki/kuskure, kore don kunna wutar lantarki/ok) ta amfani da sawun kayan aiki guda ɗaya.

7.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

• Iyakancewar Halin Yanzu: Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jerin ko direba mai ci gaba don iyakance halin yanzu na gaba zuwa 20mA ko ƙasa don ci gaba da aiki, girmama Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici na 25mA.
• Gudanar da Zafi: Yayin da ɓarnar wutar lantarki ta yi ƙasa, tabbatar da cewa zafin yanayin aiki bai wuce 85°C ba. A guji sanya kusa da wasu tushen zafi.
• Kariyar ESDKo da yake an tattara su a cikin kayan hana tashin hankali, yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun yayin haɗawa.
• Ƙirar Gani: Faɗin kusurwar kallo ya dace don kallo kai tsaye. Don haske mai mai da hankali ko jagora, ƙila a buƙaci ruwan tabarau na waje ko bututun haske.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Yayin da ba a ba da kwatancen kai tsaye tare da wasu lambobin sassa a cikin wannan takardar bayanan guda ɗaya ba, ana iya ƙididdige manyan fasalulluka na wannan samfurin:

• Guntu Biyu, Launuka Biyu a cikin Fakitin 3mm: Yana haɗa ayyuka biyu (launuka biyu) a cikin girman fakitin gama gari kuma ƙanƙanta, yana adana sararin allo idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED daban-daban guda biyu.
• Guntayen Da Suka dace: Guntayen biyu sun dace don fitar da haske iri ɗaya, wanda ke da mahimmanci don daidaiton kyawun aikin nuna alama.
• Kayan AlGaInP: Ga duka ja da koren rawaye, wannan kayan yawanci yana ba da inganci mafi girma da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafi idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP don wasu launuka.
• Cikakken Bin Ka'ida: Ya cika ka'idojin RoHS, REACH, da marasa halogen, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga masana'antar lantarki na zamani da ke hidimar kasuwanni na duniya.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

9.1 Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a 25mA akai-akai?

Yayin da Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici don ci gaba da halin yanzu na gaba shine 25mA, Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani an ƙayyade su a 20mA. Don ingantaccen aiki na dogon lokaci da kuma lissafin yuwuwar bambance-bambance a cikin wadataccen wutar lantarki da zafin jiki, al'adar ƙira ce ta yau da kullun don yin aiki a ko ƙasa da yanayin gwaji na yau da kullun na 20mA. Yin aiki a 25mA na iya rage rayuwa da ƙara damuwa na zafi.

9.2 Me yasa ƙarfin haske ya bambanta ga guntayen ja da koren rawaye?

Bambancin (50 mcd da 50 mcd na yau da kullun) yana faruwa ne da farko saboda abubuwa biyu: ingancin kayan AlGaInP na asali wajen samar da haske a waɗannan takamaiman tsawon zango, da kuma hankalin idon ɗan adam (amsawar gani). Idon yana da mahimmanci ga hasken kore (~555 nm). Guntun koren rawaye (575 nm) ya fi kusa da wannan kololuwa fiye da guntun ja (632 nm), amma ingancin kayan da na'urorin gani na ciki suma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin matsakaicin ƙarfin da aka auna a millicandelas.

9.3 Ta yaya zan fassara 'CAT' da 'HUE' akan alamar don ƙirar da'irata?

'CAT' yana nufin rukunoni haɗin gwiwa don ƙarfin haske da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba. 'HUE' yana nufin rukunin tsawon zango (launi). Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton haske ko launi tsakanin LED da yawa, yakamata ku ƙayyade ko zaɓi LED daga rukunin CAT da HUE iri ɗaya. Don aikace-aikacen nuna alama marasa mahimmanci, wannan na iya zama ƙasa da mahimmanci. Takardun bayanan yana ba da kewayon (Mafi ƙanƙanta/Yau da kullun/Mafi girma); kwandon suna wakiltar rarrabuwa a cikin waɗannan kewayon.

10. Misalin Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Alamar Matsayin Tsarin Matsayi Biyu don Mai Karkatar da Hanyar Sadarwa.

Mai zane yana buƙatar LED guda ɗaya don nuna matsayi biyu: Ja Mai Ƙarfi don 'Kuskuren Tsarin/Booting' da Koren Rawaye Mai Ƙarfi don 'Aiki na Al'ada/Kan layi'.

• Zaɓin Kayan aiki: 209-3SURSYGW/S530-A3 yana da kyau kamar yadda yake ba da duka launuka da ake buƙata a cikin fakitin 3mm guda ɗaya.
• Ƙirar Zane: LED yana da jagora uku: anode gama gari ko cathode gama gari? Takardun bayanan ya bayyana shi azaman fitila mai launuka biyu tare da guntayen biyu. Yawanci, irin waɗannan fakitocin 3-fenar suna da cathode gama gari (ko anode) ga duka mutuwa, tare da sauran jagora ga kowace mutuwa ya kasance daban. Dole ne mai zane ya duba zanen haɗin ciki (wanda tsarin lambar sashe ya nuna) kuma ya ƙira da'irar tuƙi daidai, ta amfani da fil ɗin GPIO guda biyu daga microcontroller tare da resistors na jerin (misali, 150-200 Ohms don wadataccen wutar lantarki 5V don cimma ~20mA).
• Shimfidar PCB: Yi amfani da girman fakitin don ƙirƙirar sawun, tabbatar da cewa tazarar rami na 3mm da alamar polarity (flange) an wakilta daidai. Kiyaye tsabtar 3mm daga jikin LED zuwa kowane kushin solder kamar yadda jagorar solder ta nuna.
• Sarrafa Software: Don nuna ja, tuƙi fil ɗin guntun SUR sama (idan cathode gama gari) yayin ajiye fil ɗin SYG ƙasa. Don nuna koren rawaye, tuƙi fil ɗin guntun SYG sama kuma ajiye fil ɗin SUR ƙasa. Tabbatar cewa ana tuƙi launi ɗaya kawai a lokaci guda sai dai idan an yi niyya takamaiman tasirin launi gauraye (wanda zai buƙaci daidaita halin yanzu).

11. Gabatarwar Ƙa'idar Fasaha

LED yana aiki akan ƙa'idar electroluminescence a cikin kayan semiconductor. Babban guntayen an yi su ne da AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide), wanda shine haɗin gwiwar semiconductor na III-V.

• Samar da Hasken: Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin p-n na guntu, electrons daga yankin n-nau'i da ramuka daga yankin p-nau'i ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsawon zango (launi) na hasken an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor, wanda aka ƙera shi da kyau ta hanyar daidaita rabon Aluminum, Gallium, da Indium a cikin lattice crystal na AlGaInP.
• Ƙaddara Launi: Ga guntun SUR, an daidaita abun da ke ciki don samar da photons tare da makamashi daidai da hasken ja (~624-632 nm). Ga guntun SYG, ɗanɗanon abun da ke ciki daban yana ba da photons don hasken koren rawaye (~573-575 nm).
• Aikin Fakitin: Fakitin resin na epoxy yana ɗaukar ayyuka da yawa: yana ɗauke da kuma kare mutuwar semiconductor mai rauni da haɗin waya daga lalacewar injiniya da muhalli, yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau don siffata katakon fitarwa (cimma kusurwar kallo na digiri 80), kuma a cikin sigar 'Farar Watsawa', yana ƙunshe da barbashi masu watsawa don watsa haske da ƙirƙirar ƙarin kamanni mai daidaito, ƙarancin haske.

12. Trends na Masana'antu da Mahallin

Wannan samfurin yana nuna yanayi da yawa da ke gudana a cikin masana'antar LED:

• Ƙananan Girma tare da Ƙara Ayyuka: Haɗa guntayen da yawa (launuka biyu) cikin daidaitaccen fakitin ƙanƙanta kamar zagaye na 3mm yana ba masu zane damar ƙara fasali ba tare da ƙara sararin allo ba.
• Mayar da hankali kan Kimiyyar Kayan aiki: Amfani da AlGaInP don duka ja da koren rawaye yana nuna motsi zuwa tsarin kayan aiki mafi girman aiki waɗanda ke ba da inganci mafi girma, haske, da kwanciyar hankali na zafi idan aka kwatanta da madadin gargajiya.
• Matsakaicin Bin Ka'ida na Muhalli: Bayyanannen jerin RoHS, REACH, da bin ka'idojin marasa halogen yanzu shine ainihin buƙata don abubuwan da ake amfani da su a cikin kayan lantarki da ake sayar da su a duniya, wanda ka'idojin muhalli da buƙatun mabukaci suka motsa.
• Daidaituwa da Amincewa: Cikakkun ƙayyadaddun bayanai don matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙima, bayanan solder, da yanayin ajiya suna nuna mayar da hankalin masana'antu don tabbatar da ingancin abun ciki a cikin manyan ayyuka, sarrafa kayan aiki ta atomatik. Samar da cikakkun lanƙwasan aiki yana ba injiniyoyi damar yin ƙarin hasashe na daidaitaccen halayen LED a cikin takamaiman aikace-aikacensu.

Yayin da wannan nau'in samfurin ya girma, ƙirarsa da takardunsa sun ƙunshi tsammanin yanzu don ingantaccen abu, mai bin ka'ida, da ƙayyadaddun abu na gani.