Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfur
- 2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha
- 2.1 Iyakar Ƙididdiga Mafi Girma
- 2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Hasken Gani
- 3. Bayanin Tsarin RarrabaSamfurin yana amfani da tsarin rarraba don rarraba raka'a bisa mahimman ma'auni na gani da na lantarki, yana tabbatar da daidaito ga mai amfani na ƙarshe. Alamun da ke kan marufi suna nuna waɗannan kwandon:CAT:Matsayi na Ƙarfin Hasken Gani. Yana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ga fitarwar Iv da aka auna.HUE:Matsayi na Tsawon Zango Mai Girma. Yana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ga λd ɗinsu don tabbatar da daidaiton launi.REF:Matsayi na Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba. Yana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ga VF ɗinsu don taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'ira don daidaitaccen tuƙi na halitta.Wannan tsarin yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED ɗin da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikacensu, musamman mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da daidaiton launi ko haske ke da mahimmanci.4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki
- 4.1 Matsakaicin Ƙarfi Dangane da Tsawon Zango
- 4.2 Tsarin Jagora
- 4.3 Halitta na Gaba Dangane da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Lanƙwasa IV)
- 4.4 Matsakaicin Ƙarfi Dangane da Halitta na Gaba
- 4.5 Lanƙwaso Dogaro da Zazzabi
- 5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi
- 6. Jagororin Gyarawa da Haɗawa
- 6.1 Siffantar Jagora
- 6.2 Ajiya
- 6.3 Tsarin Gyarawa
- 6.4 Tsaftacewa
- 7. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda
- 7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tattarawa
- 7.2 Bayanin Alama
- 8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace
- 8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
- 8.2 Abubuwan Ƙira da Aka Yi la'akari
- 9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
- 10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)
- 11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki
- 12. Gabatar da Ka'idar Aiki
- 13. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin
1. Bayanin Samfur
Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun ƙayyadaddun fasaha na fitilar LED 313-2SUBC/C470/S400-A4. Wannan ɓangaren fitilar LED ce shudi mai haske sosai, wacce aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ingantacciyar aiki mai ƙarfi. Ta bi ƙa'idodin muhalli masu mahimmanci ciki har da RoHS, EU REACH, da ka'idojin rashin sinadarin halogen, wanda ke tabbatar da dacewarta don ƙirar lantarki na zamani tare da buƙatun kayan da suka fi tsauri.
Ana ba da LED ɗin akan tef da reel don tsarin haɗawa ta atomatik kuma ana samunsa tare da kusurwoyin kallo daban-daban don dacewa da buƙatun aikace-aikace daban-daban. Babban manufar ƙirarta shine samar da ƙarfin haske mafi girma a cikin tsarin kayan fitila na yau da kullun.
2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha
2.1 Iyakar Ƙididdiga Mafi Girma
Iyakar ƙididdiga mafi girma tana bayyana iyakokin da wucewa da su zai iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ana ƙayyade waɗannan ƙimar a yanayin zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C.
- Halitta na Gaba na Ci gaba (IF):25 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin DC da za'a iya amfani da shi akai-akai.
- Halitta na Gaba Mafi Girma (IFP):100 mA. Ana yarda da wannan kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da cikakken aiki na 1/10 a 1 kHz.
- Ƙarfin Wutar Koma Baya (VR):5 V. Wucewa da wannan ƙarfin wutar a cikin karkatar da baya zai iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
- Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):120 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin wutar lantarki da na'urar za ta iya tarwatsawa.
- Zafin Aiki (Topr):-40 zuwa +85 °C. Matsakaicin da aka ƙera na'urar don yin aiki a cikinsa.
- Zafin Ajiya (Tstg):-40 zuwa +100 °C.
- Zafin Gyarawa (Tsol):260°C na tsawon dakika 5, yana bayyana iyakar bayanin gyarawa na sake karkatarwa.
2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Hasken Gani
Ana auna halayen lantarki da hasken gani a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C, IF=20mA) kuma suna wakiltar aikin na'urar na yau da kullun.
- Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (Iv):630 (Mafi ƙanƙanta), 1000 (Na yau da kullun) mcd. Wannan ma'auni ne na hasken shudi da ake gani. Rashin tabbas na ma'auni shine ±10%.
- Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):20° (Na yau da kullun). Wannan yana bayyana faɗin kusurwar da ƙarfin hasken gani ya ragu zuwa rabin matsakaicin ƙimarsa.
- Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λp):468 nm (Na yau da kullun). Tsawon zango inda fitarwar bakan ta fi ƙarfi.
- Tsawon Zango Mai Girma (λd):470 nm (Na yau da kullun). Matsakaicin tsawon zango guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ke gani, tare da rashin tabbas na ±1.0 nm.
- Faɗin Bakan Hasken Rana (Δλ):35 nm (Na yau da kullun). Faɗin bakan hasken da aka fitar.
- Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (VF):3.4 (Na yau da kullun), 4.0 (Mafi girma) V. Ragewar ƙarfin wutar a kan LED lokacin aiki a 20mA, tare da rashin tabbas na ±0.1V.
- Halitta na Koma Baya (IR):50 µA (Mafi girma) a VR=5V. Ƙananan halin ɓarna lokacin da aka karkatar da na'urar zuwa baya.
3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba
Samfurin yana amfani da tsarin rarraba don rarraba raka'a bisa mahimman ma'auni na gani da na lantarki, yana tabbatar da daidaito ga mai amfani na ƙarshe. Alamun da ke kan marufi suna nuna waɗannan kwandon:
- CAT:Matsayi na Ƙarfin Hasken Gani. Yana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ga fitarwar Iv da aka auna.
- HUE:Matsayi na Tsawon Zango Mai Girma. Yana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ga λd ɗinsu don tabbatar da daidaiton launi.
- REF:Matsayi na Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba. Yana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ga VF ɗinsu don taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'ira don daidaitaccen tuƙi na halitta.
Wannan tsarin yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED ɗin da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikacensu, musamman mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da daidaiton launi ko haske ke da mahimmanci.
4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki
Takardar bayanin ta ƙunshi lanƙwaso halaye da yawa waɗanda ke kwatanta halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.
4.1 Matsakaicin Ƙarfi Dangane da Tsawon Zango
Wannan lanƙwasa tana nuna rarraba ƙarfin bakan hasken shudi da aka fitar, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a kusa da 468-470 nm tare da matsakaicin faɗin bakan na 35 nm. Yana tabbatar da yanayin fitarwar LED na launi ɗaya.
4.2 Tsarin Jagora
Zanen jagora yana nuna kusurwar dubawa na digiri 20, yana nuna yadda ƙarfin hasken gani ke raguwa yayin da kusurwar lura ta tashi daga tsakiyar axis (digiri 0).
4.3 Halitta na Gaba Dangane da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Lanƙwasa IV)
Wannan lanƙwasa ta asali tana nuna alaƙar ma'auni tsakanin halitta (I) da ƙarfin wutar lantarki (V) don diode na semiconductor. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar gaba na 3.4V a 20mA an bayyana shi a sarari. Lanƙwasa tana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance halitta.
4.4 Matsakaicin Ƙarfi Dangane da Halitta na Gaba
Wannan lanƙwasa tana nuna cewa fitarwar haske (matsakaicin ƙarfi) yana ƙaruwa tare da halitta na gaba. Duk da haka, dole ne a ci gaba da aiki a cikin iyakar ƙididdiga mafi girma (25mA ci gaba) don hana zafi da yawa da lalacewa mai sauri.
4.5 Lanƙwaso Dogaro da Zazzabi
Lanƙwaso biyu masu mahimmanci suna nuna tasirin zafin yanayi (Ta):
Matsakaicin Ƙarfi Dangane da Zafin Yanayi:Yana nuna cewa fitarwar haske yawanci yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. Wannan muhimmin abu ne don sarrafa zafi a cikin aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarfin wutar lantarki ko babban zafin yanayi.
Halitta na Gaba Dangane da Zafin Yanayi:Yana kwatanta yadda halayen ƙarfin wutar gaba ke canzawa tare da zazzabi, wanda zai iya shafar halin da aka zana idan an tuƙa shi ta hanyar tushen ƙarfin wutar lantarki na akai.
5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi
LED ɗin yana amfani da daidaitaccen tsarin marufi irin na fitila tare da jagorori biyu. Zanen marufi yana ba da mahimman girmamawa don ƙirar sawun PCB da haɗin gwiwar injiniya.
- Ana ba da duk girmamawa a cikin milimita.
- Mahimman ƙayyadaddun shine cewa tsayin flange dole ne ya zama ƙasa da 1.5mm (0.059").
- Matsakaicin jurewa don girmamawa, sai dai idan an ƙayyade in ba haka ba, shine ±0.25mm.
- Zanen ya nuna a sarari cathode (yawanci ɗan gajeren jagora ko gefe mai lebur akan ruwan tabarau) don daidaitaccen polarity yayin shigarwa.
Bin waɗannan girmamawa yana da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen sanyawa a cikin haɗawa ta atomatik da kuma tabbatar da cewa LED ɗin ya zauna daidai akan PCB.
6. Jagororin Gyarawa da Haɗawa
Daidaitaccen sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye amincin na'urar da aiki.
6.1 Siffantar Jagora
- Dole ne lanƙwasa ta faru aƙalla 3mm daga gindin kwalliyar epoxy don guje wa damuwa akan mutuwar ciki da haɗin gwiwar waya.
- Dole ne a yi siffarkafin soldering.
- Ya kamata a yanke jagororin a zafin daki.
- Ramin PCB dole ne ya yi daidai da jagororin LED don guje wa damuwar sanyawa.
6.2 Ajiya
- Ajiyar da aka ba da shawarar: ≤ 30°C da ≤ 70% Danshin Yanayi.
- Tsawon rayuwa bayan jigilar kaya: watanni 3 a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan.
- Don ajiya mai tsawo (har zuwa shekara 1), yi amfani da akwati mai rufi tare da nitrogen da maganin bushewa.
- Da zarar an buɗe, yi amfani da shi cikin sa'o'i 24 don hana ɗaukar danshi.
- Guɓi saurin canjin zafin jiki a cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano don hana hazo.
6.3 Tsarin Gyarawa
Doka Mai Muhimmanci:Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin nisa na 3mm daga haɗin gyarawa zuwa kwalliyar epoxy.
Gyarawa da Hannu:
Zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe: 300°C Mafi girma (ƙarfe 30W mafi girma).
Lokacin gyarawa kowane jagora: dakika 3 Mafi girma.
Gyarawa ta Igwa (DIP):
Zafin riga-kafi: 100°C Mafi girma (dakika 60 mafi girma).
Zafin wanka na gyarawa & lokaci: 260°C Mafi girma na dakika 5 Mafi girma.
An ba da shawarar bayanin zafin jiki na gyarawa, yana mai da hankali kan sarrafa haɓaka, ƙayyadadden lokaci sama da ruwa, da sarrafa sanyaya.
Mahimman Bayanan Kula:
Guɓi damuwa akan jagororin yayin ayyukan zafi mai girma.
Kada ku yi gyarawa (nutsar da ko hannu) fiye da sau ɗaya.
Kare LED daga girgiza na injiniya har sai ya yi sanyi zuwa zafin daki bayan gyarawa.
Yi amfani da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki da ke cimma haɗin gyarawa mai aminci.
6.4 Tsaftacewa
- Idan ya cancanta, tsaftace kawai tare da barasa na isopropyl a zafin daki na ≤ dakika 1.
- Bushẽ a zafin daki kafin amfani.
- Gabaɗaya ba a ba da shawarar tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic ba. Idan da gaske ake buƙata, ana buƙatar cikakken ƙwarewa kafin a tabbatar da cewa babu wata lalacewa da ta faru, saboda ya dogara da ƙarfi, mitar, da yanayin haɗawa.
7. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda
7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tattarawa
Ana tattara LED ɗin don hana fitar da wutar lantarki (ESD) da lalacewar danshi:
1. Ana sanya LED ɗin a cikin jakunkunan hana wutar lantarki.
2. Ana tattara jakunkunan cikin akwatunan ciki.
3. Ana tattara akwatunan cikin manyan akwatunan waje.
Adadin Tattarawa:
200 zuwa 500 guda a kowace jaka.
Jakuna 5 a kowace akwati na ciki.
Akwatunan ciki 10 a kowace akwatin waje.
7.2 Bayanin Alama
Alamun marufi sun haɗa da:
CPN:Lambar Bangare na Abokin Ciniki.
P/N:Lambar Bangare na Masana'anta (misali, 313-2SUBC/C470/S400-A4).
QTY:Adadin a cikin marufi.
CAT/HUE/REF:Lambobin rarraba don Ƙarfin Hasken Gani, Tsawon Zango Mai Girma, da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba, bi da bi.
LOT No:Lambar rukunin masana'antu da za a iya gano su.
8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace
8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
Dangane da babban haskensa da launin shudi, wannan LED ya dace don:
•Masu Nuna Matsayi:Masu nuna kunna wutar lantarki, jiran aiki, ko masu nuna aiki mai aiki a cikin na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci da na masana'antu.
•Hasken Baya:Don ƙananan nuni na LCD, maɓallan maɓalli, ko hasken kayan ado a cikin na'urori kamar na'urori na kallo, TV, ko wayoyi (kamar yadda aka jera a cikin takardar bayanin).
•Hasken Panel:Hasken don maɓalli, panel iko, ko kayan aikin ma'auni.
8.2 Abubuwan Ƙira da Aka Yi la'akari
- Iyakance Halitta:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jerin gwano ko direba na halitta akai don iyakance halitta na gaba zuwa ƙimar da ake so (misali, 20mA don haske na yau da kullun), kar a haɗa kai tsaye zuwa tushen ƙarfin wutar lantarki.
- Gudanar da Zafi:Yayin da tarwatsawar wutar lantarki ta yi ƙasa (120mW mafi girma), tabbatar da isasshen iska idan an yi amfani da LED ɗin da yawa ko kuma idan zafin yanayi ya yi girma, saboda inganci yana raguwa tare da zazzabi.
- Shimfidar PCB:Bi girmamawan marufi daidai. Tabbatar da alamar polarity akan PCB ta dace da cathode na LED.
- Kariyar ESD:Ko da yake ba a bayyana shi a sarari a matsayin mai hankali sosai ba, ana ba da shawarar matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun don semiconductors yayin haɗawa.
9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
Babban abubuwan banbance-banbance na wannan LED dangane da takardar bayanin sune:
1. Hasken Gani Mai Girma:Matsakaicin ƙarfin hasken gani na 1000 mcd a 20mA abin lura ne ga daidaitaccen fitilar LED shudi.
2. Yin Biyayya ga Muhalli:Cikakken biyayya ga ka'idojin RoHS, REACH, da marasa sinadarin halogen ya sa ya dace da kasuwanni na duniya tare da ƙa'idodin muhalli masu tsauri.
3. Ƙirar Ƙarfi:An ƙera shi don aminci, tare da bayyanannun jagororin gyarawa da sarrafawa don tabbatar da tsawon rayuwa.
4. Rarraba:Samar da kwandon ƙarfi, tsawon zango, da ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana ba da damar sarrafa ƙira mai tsauri a cikin aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaito.
Idan aka kwatanta da LED ɗin da ba a rarraba ba ko ƙananan ƙarfi, wannan ɓangaren yana ba da mafi kyawun daidaito da aiki ga aikace-aikacen da waɗannan abubuwan suke da mahimmanci.
10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)
Tambaya: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a 30mA don ƙarin haske?
Amsa: A'a. Iyakar Ƙididdiga Mafi Girma don halitta na gaba na ci gaba shine 25mA. Wucewa da wannan ƙimar yana haifar da haɗarin lalacewa ta dindindin saboda zafi da yawa da lalacewa mai sauri. Don mafi girman haske, zaɓi LED ɗin da aka ƙidaya don halitta mafi girma.
Tambaya: Wane ƙimar resistor ne ya kamata in yi amfani da shi tare da samar da wutar lantarki 5V?
Amsa: Ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vsupply - Vf) / If. Tare da Vf na yau da kullun na 3.4V da manufar If na 20mA: R = (5 - 3.4) / 0.02 = 80 ohms. Yi amfani da Vf mafi girma (4.0V) don ƙididdige mafi ƙarancin ƙimar resistor mai aminci: R_min = (5 - 4.0) / 0.02 = 50 ohms. Ƙimar daidaitaccen ƙima kamar 68 ko 75 ohms zai dace, yana tabbatar da cewa halitta ya kasance ƙasa da 20mA ko da tare da LED mai ƙarancin Vf.
Tambaya: Me yasa kusurwar dubawa kawai digiri 20 ce?
Amsa: Kusurwar dubawa na digiri 20 halayen ƙira ne na wannan takamaiman LED, wanda aka cimma ta hanyar siffar ruwan tabarau na epoxy. Yana tattara hasken zuwa cikin ƙaramin katako, wanda ke haifar da mafi girman ƙarfin hasken gani na axial (mcd). Don haske mai faɗi, ana buƙatar LED tare da kusurwar dubawa mafi faɗi (misali, 60° ko 120°).
Tambaya: Ta yaya zazzabi ke shafar aiki?
Amsa: Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin lanƙwaso, ƙara yawan zafin yanayi yana haifar da raguwar fitarwar haske da canji a cikin ƙarfin wutar gaba. Don aiki mai ƙarfi, musamman a cikin yanayi mai zafi, ya kamata a yi la'akari da ƙirar zafi mai kyau (misali, yankin tagulla na PCB, iska) da yuwuwar ramuwa da zazzabi a cikin da'irar tuƙi.
11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki
Yanayi: Ƙirar panel mai nuna matsayi don na'urar hanyar sadarwa.
Panel ɗin yana buƙatar LED shudi mai haske, daban-daban don nuna matsayin "WAN Active". Ana buƙatar LED ɗin iri ɗaya guda huɗu don daidaito.
Matakan Ƙira:
1. Zaɓi:An zaɓi 313-2SUBC/C470/S400-A4 saboda babban haskensa (1000 mcd na yau da kullun) da launin shudi.
2. Ƙirar Da'ira:Samar da dabaru na ciki na na'urar hanyar sadarwa shine 3.3V. Yin amfani da Vf na yau da kullun na 3.4V yana gabatar da ƙalubale, saboda 3.3V ya fi ƙasa da Vf da ake buƙata. Saboda haka, ba za a iya tuƙa LED kai tsaye daga 3.3V ba. Za a buƙaci ƙaramin famfo ko da'irar haɓakawa don samar da ƙarfin wutar lantarki >4.0V, ko kuma dole ne a zaɓi madadin LED tare da ƙaramin Vf. Wannan yana nuna mahimmancin duba ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ƙarfin wutar gaba da wuri a cikin ƙira.
3. Shimfidar PCB:Ana amfani da zanen marufi don ƙirar sawun. Ana ƙara alamar polarity (misali, filaye murabba'i don cathode) zuwa siliki na PCB.
4. Haɗawa:Ana ba da umarnin LED ɗin akan tef da reel. An tsara injin ɗauka da sanyawa tare da daidaitattun ma'auni na tsakiya daga sawun. Bayanin gyarawa na sake karkatarwa yana bin shawarar 260°C mafi girma na dakika 5.
5. Rarraba:Don tabbatar da cewa duk LED ɗin huɗu suna da launi da haske iri ɗaya, ana yin oda yana neman raka'a daga kwandon HUE da CAT iri ɗaya.
12. Gabatar da Ka'idar Aiki
Wannan LED tushen haske ne na semiconductor. Tsakiyarsa ɗigon ƙwaya ce da aka yi da kayan InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride), kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Jagoran Zaɓin Na'ura. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar gaba wanda ya wuce ƙofar diode (kusan 3.4V), ana shigar da electrons da ramuka zuwa yankin aiki na haɗin gwiwar semiconductor. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na InGaN yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap, wanda kuma yana ƙayyade tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, shudi (~470 nm). Marufin epoxy yana aiki don kare ɗigon semiconductor mai laushi, yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau don siffanta katakon fitarwar haske (ƙirar kusurwar dubawa na 20°), kuma an tsara shi don zama mai tsabta don haɓaka mafi girman watsa haske.
13. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin
LED ɗin shudi dangane da fasahar InGaN suna wakiltar ci gaba mai mahimmanci a cikin hasken ƙwaƙƙwaran jiki. Haɓaka ingantattun LED ɗin shudi babban nasara ne na kimiyya, wanda ke ba da damar ƙirƙirar LED ɗin fari (ta haɗa shudi tare da ma'adanai na rawaya) da cikakkun nuni na RGB. Wannan takamaiman ɓangaren yana misalta cikakkiyar sigar wannan fasaha, wacce aka inganta ta kasuwanci. Trends na yanzu a cikin haɓaka LED suna mai da hankali kan ƙara inganci (lumens kowace watt), inganta ma'auni na launi (CRI) don hasken fari, cimma mafi girman yawan wutar lantarki, da ƙarin ƙananan ƙira. Duk da yake wannan daidaitaccen tsarin fitila ne, masana'antu suna ƙara ƙaura zuwa marufi na na'urar da ake sanyawa a saman (SMD) kamar 2835 ko 3030 don mafi kyawun aikin zafi da haɗawa ta atomatik. Yin biyayya ga muhalli (RoHS, Marasa Sinadarin Halogen) da aka haskaka a cikin wannan takardar bayanin yanzu buƙatu ne na yau da kullun, yana nuna hankalin masana'antar lantarki akan dorewa da amincin kayan.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |