Takardar Bayani na Fitilar LED 1003SUGD/S400-A4 - K'ore Mai Haske - 20mA - 3.3V - 50mcd - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na fitilar LED mai haske k'ore. Na'urar wani ɓangare ne na jerin da aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar fitar da haske mai ƙarfi. Tana amfani da fasahar guntu na InGaN da aka lulluɓe a cikin resin k'ore mai watsewa, wanda ke haifar da fitar da haske k'ore mai haske. Abubuwan mahimmanci sun haɗa da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 110, samuwa akan tef da reel don haɗawa ta atomatik, da bin ka'idojin RoHS da buƙatun marasa gubar, wanda ke tabbatar da alhakin muhalli da dacewar masana'antu.

An ƙera LED ɗin don aminci da ƙarfi a cikin aikace-aikacen lantarki daban-daban. Ginin sa ya ba da fifiko ga aiki mai ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin aiki, wanda ya sa ya zama abin da ya dace don na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci da na masana'antu inda daidaitaccen launi da fitar da haske suke da mahimmanci.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙarfafawa

Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙarfafawa suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Waɗannan ba a nufin su yi aiki na yau da kullun ba.

• Ci gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba (I_F): 25 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin DC wanda za'a iya amfani da shi a ci gaba ga LED.
• Kololuwar Ƙarfin Gaba (I_FP): 100 mA. Wannan ƙimar ƙarfin bugun jini (a 1/10 aikin haɗin gwiwa, 1 kHz) yana ba da damar ɗan gajeren lokaci na tuƙi mafi girma, mai amfani don haɗawa da yawa ko tasirin bugun jini.
• Ƙarfin Baya (V_R): 5 V. Wuce wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin karkatar da baya na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d): 90 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin da fakitin zai iya watsawa, wanda aka lissafta kamar V_F* I_F.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya: Ya kewayo daga -40°C zuwa +85°C (aiki) da -40°C zuwa +100°C (ajiye).
• Zafin Gauran Ƙarfe: Yana jure 260°C na dakika 5, ya dace da daidaitattun bayanan sake karkatar da marasa gubar.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na ƙarfin gaba na 20mA da zafin yanayi na 25°C (Ta). Suna ayyana aikin da masu amfani zasu iya tsammani.

• Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (I_v): Ƙimar yau da kullun ita ce millicandelas 50 (mcd), tare da mafi ƙarancin 16 mcd. Wannan yana ƙididdige hasken fitar da haske k'ore da ake gani.
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ_1/2): Digiri 110 (na yau da kullun). Wannan faɗaɗɗen kusurwa yana nuna LED ɗin yana fitar da haske a kan mazugi mai faɗi, wanda ya dace da hasken yanki ko alamun da ke buƙatar ganuwa mai faɗi.
• Tsinkaya Mai Kololuwa (λ_p): 518 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan shine tsinkayar da aka fi samun rarraba ƙarfin tsinkaya a kai.
• Tsinkaya Mai Rinjaye (λ_d): 525 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan shine tsinkaya guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane ya dace da launin LED, yana ayyana sautin "k'ore mai haske".
• Ƙarfin Gaba (V_F): 3.3 V (na yau da kullun), tare da matsakaicin 4.0 V a 20mA. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance ƙarfin lantarki.
• Ƙarfin Baya (I_R): Matsakaicin 50 µA a 5V karkatar da baya, yana nuna ingantaccen haɗin gwiwa.

3. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayani tana ba da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke nuna aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Waɗannan suna da mahimmanci don ƙira mai ƙarfi.

3.1 Rarraba Tsinkaya da Jagora

TheƘarfin Dangantaka da Tsinkayalanƙwasa yana nuna ƙaramin bakan fitarwa a kusa da 518-525 nm, halayen LED na k'ore na tushen InGaN. TheJagoralanƙwasa yana tabbatar da kusurwar kallo na digiri 110, yana nuna yadda ƙarfin haske ke raguwa daga tsakiyar axis.

3.2 Halayen Lantarki da Zafi

TheƘarfin Gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)yana nuna alaƙar diode na al'ada. A wurin aiki na yau da kullun na 20mA, ƙarfin lantarki yana kusan 3.3V. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi amfani da wannan lanƙwasa don tabbatar da mai tuƙi zai iya samar da isasshen ƙarfin lantarki, musamman a yanayin sanyi inda V_F increases.

TheƘarfin Dangantaka da Ƙarfin Gabalanƙwasa gabaɗaya layi ne a cikin ƙananan kewayon ƙarfin lantarki, yana nuna launi mai ƙarfi da inganci. TheƘarfin Dangantaka da Yanayin YanayidaƘarfin Gaba da Yanayin Yanayilanƙwasa suna nuna tasirin zafi. Fitar da haske yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi, yayin da ƙarfin gaba yana raguwa. Wannan yana jaddada buƙatar sarrafa zafi don kiyaye haske mai daidaito.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

4.1 Girman Fakitin

LED ɗin yana da daidaitaccen fakitin "fitila" mai ƙarfi na radial. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da tazarar jagora, diamita na jiki, da tsayin gabaɗaya. An ƙayyade tsayin flange ya zama ƙasa da 1.5mm. Daidaitaccen jurewa don girma shine ±0.25mm sai dai idan an lura da haka. Dole ne injiniyoyi su koma zuwa cikakken zanen girma don ƙirar sawun PCB daidai.

4.2 Gano Ƙarfin Ƙarfi

Ana nuna ƙarfin ƙarfi ta hanyar tsayin jagora (jagora mafi tsayi shine anode) da/ko wuri mai lebur akan ruwan tabarau na LED ko jiki kusa da jagoran cathode. Daidaitaccen ƙarfin ƙarfi yana da mahimmanci don aiki.

5. Jagororin Gauran Ƙarfe da Haɗawa

Daidaitaccen sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci don hana lalacewa da tabbatar da aminci na dogon lokaci.

5.1 Siffantar ƙarfin ƙarfi

• Dole ne lanƙwasa ya faru aƙalla 3mm daga tushen kwayar epoxy don guje wa damuwa akan hatimi.
• Siffata jagora kafin gauran ƙarfe.
• Yanke jagora a yanayin daki.
• Tabbatar da ramukan PCB sun yi daidai da jagororin LED don guje wa damuwar hawa.

5.2 Tsarin Gauran Ƙarfe

Gauran Ƙarfe da Hannu: Matsakaicin zafin ƙarfen ƙarfe 300°C (don ƙarfen 30W), matsakaicin lokacin gauran ƙarfe dakika 3 kowace jagora, kiyaye mafi ƙarancin nisan 3mm daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa kwayar epoxy.
Gauran Ƙarfe na Wave/Dip: Pre-heat zuwa 100°C matsakaicin (60 sec matsakaicin), wanka na gauran ƙarfe a 260°C matsakaicin na dakika 5 matsakaicin, tare da irin wannan ƙa'idar nisan 3mm.
Shawarar lanƙwasa gauran ƙarfe tana ba da shawarar saurin hawan zafin jiki zuwa kololuwar 260°C, sannan a sarrafa sanyaya. Guji sanyaya cikin sauri. Kada ku yi gauran Ƙarfe fiye da sau ɗaya. Kare LED daga girgiza na injiniya yayin zafi.

5.3 Tsaftacewa da Ajiya

Tsaftacewa, idan an buƙata, ya kamata a yi amfani da barasa na isopropyl a yanayin daki na ≤1 minti. Guji tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic sai dai idan an riga an cancanta. Don ajiya, kula da yanayi a ≤30°C da ≤70% RH. Don ajiye dogon lokaci fiye da watanni 3, yi amfani da akwati mai rufewa tare da nitrogen da desiccant.

5.4 Gudanar da Zafi da ESD

Gudanar da zafi yana da mahimmanci. Ya kamata a rage ƙarfin aiki na yanzu bisa ga yanayin yanayi, yana komawa ga lanƙwasa rage ƙima. Aikin LED yana dogara da zafin jiki. Na'urar tana da hankali ga Electrostatic Discharge (ESD). Dole ne a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun (tashoshin aiki na ƙasa, igiyoyin wuyan hannu) yayin sarrafawa.

6. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda

6.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tattarawa

Ana tattara LED ɗin a cikin jakunkuna masu jurewa danshi, masu hana tashin hankali. Tsarin tattarawa shine:
1. Adadin Rukuni: 1,500 guda kowace jakar anti-static.
2. Akwatin Ciki: Jakuna 5 kowace akwatin ciki (7,500 guda gabaɗaya).
3. Master/Outside Carton: Akwatuna na ciki 10 kowace akwatin babba (75,000 guda gabaɗaya).

6.2 Bayanin Lakabi

Lakabi akan fakitin sun haɗa da:
- CPN: Lambar Sashen Abokin Ciniki.
- P/N: Lambar Sashen Masana'anta (1003SUGD/S400-A4).
- QTY: Adadin da ke ciki.
- CAT/HUE: Yana nuna matsayi/abin launi bisa ga tsinkaya mai rinjaye.
- LOT No.: Lambar kayan masarufi da za a iya gano su.

7. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ɗauka

7.1 Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED ya dace da hasken baya da nuna matsayi a cikin:
- Na'urorin Talabijin
- Monitors na Kwamfuta- Kayan aikin Kwamfuta na Gabaɗaya

7.2 Ƙirar Da'ira

Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki. Ƙimar resistor (R) za a iya lissafta ta ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Yi amfani da matsakaicin V_F(4.0V) daga takardar bayani don ƙira mai ƙarfi wanda ke tabbatar da I_Fbai wuce 20mA ba ko da tare da jurewar kayan aiki. Misali, tare da wadata 5V: R = (5V - 4.0V) / 0.020A = 50Ω. Daidaitaccen resistor na 51Ω ko 56Ω zai dace.

7.3 Ƙirar Zafi

A cikin aikace-aikacen da ake amfani da LED ɗin da yawa ko kuma yanayin yanayi yana da zafi, yi la'akari da shimfidar wuri na PCB don watsar zafi. Guji sanya LED kusa da wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da zafi. Don aikace-aikacen aminci mai girma, aiwatar da sanyaya mai aiki ko mara aiki idan ya cancanta don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwar LED a cikin iyakoki masu aminci, kamar yadda lanƙwasa rage ƙima ya ayyana.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambanci

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasaha kamar LED na k'ore na GaP, wannan LED na tushen InGaN yana ba da haske mafi girma (ƙarfin haske) da launin k'ore mai cikakken cikakken "haske" saboda ƙaramin bakan sa da mafi girman tsarkakewar tsinkaya mai rinjaye. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 110 yana da fa'ida akan LED ɗin da ba su da kusurwa lokacin da ake buƙatar ganuwa mai faɗi ba tare da na'urorin gani na biyu ba. Bin ka'idojin RoHS da ikon gauran ƙarfe mara gubar ya sa ya dace da masana'antar kayan lantarki ta zamani ta duniya.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

9.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin Tsinkaya Mai Kololuwa da Tsinkaya Mai Rinjaye?

Tsinkaya Mai Kololuwa (λ_p)shine tsinkayar jiki inda LED ke fitar da mafi yawan ƙarfin gani.Tsinkaya Mai Rinjaye (λ_d)adadi ne na launi wanda ke wakiltar tsinkaya guda ɗaya na hasken monochromatic wanda zai bayyana yana da launi ɗaya da LED ga mai kallo na ɗan adam na yau da kullun. Don LED na k'ore, λ_dsau da yawa yana ɗan tsayi fiye da λ_p.

9.2 Shin zan iya tuka wannan LED a 25mA a ci gaba?

Duk da yake Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙarfafawa don ci gaba da ƙarfin lantarki shine 25mA, daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji da bayanan aikin yau da kullun an ƙayyade su a 20mA. Yin aiki a 25mA na iya haifar da fitar da haske mafi girma amma zai ƙara watsawar wutar lantarki (zafi) kuma yana iya rage aminci na dogon lokaci. Ana ba da shawarar ƙira don ƙarfin tuƙi na yau da kullun na 20mA sai dai idan aikace-aikacen yana buƙatar ƙarin haske na gefe kuma an sarrafa abubuwan da suka shafi zafi.

9.3 Yaya muhimmanci ne ƙa'idar nisan 3mm don gauran ƙarfe?

Muhimmanci sosai. Resin epoxy da ke lulluɓe guntu na LED yana da hankali ga yanayin zafi. Gauran ƙarfe kusa da kwayar zai iya haifar da damuwa na zafi, wanda zai haifar da ƙananan tsagewa a cikin epoxy, rawaya da wuri (rage fitar da haske), ko ma gazawar nan take. Koyaushe kiyaye nisan da aka ƙayyade.

10. Nazarin Hali na Ƙira na Aiki

Yanayi: Ƙirar allon nuna matsayi don na'ura ta amfani da waɗannan LED ɗin k'ore goma, wanda aka kunna daga layin dogaro na 5V akan babban PCB.

Matakan Ƙira:

1. Lissafin Ƙarfin Lantarki: Manufa I_F= 20mA kowace LED.
2. Lissafin Resistor: Yin amfani da mafi munin V_F(4.0V) don aminci: R = (5V - 4.0V) / 0.020A = 50Ω. Zaɓi daidaitaccen 51Ω, 1/8W ko 1/10W resistor. Rushewar wutar lantarki a cikin resistor: P = I²R = (0.02)²* 51 = 0.0204W, da kyau a cikin ƙima.
3. Shimfidar wuri: Sanya kowane LED tare da resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki kusa. Tabbatar da sawun PCB ya dace da zanen girma na takardar bayani, tare da ramuka don jagororin radial. Bayar da 'yan millimita na tazara tsakanin LED ɗin don taimakawa watsar zafi.
4. Bayanin Haɗawa: Umurci haɗawa don lanƙwasa jagora (idan ya cancanta) kafin shigarwa da kuma bin jagororin gauran ƙarfe da hannu (300°C matsakaicin, 3 sec matsakaicin, nisan 3mm).

Wannan ƙira mai sauƙi tana tabbatar da aiki mai aminci, mai daidaito na nuna alama a tsawon rayuwar samfurin.

11. Ka'idar Fasaha

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan guntu na semiconductor na Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin gaba, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yankin aiki na haɗin gwiwar semiconductor. Haɗuwarsu yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke ciki na gami na InGaN yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yana ayyana tsinkaya (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, k'ore. Resin k'ore mai watsewa da ke lulluɓe guntu yana aiki don kare guntu, siffantar fitar da haske (ƙirƙirar kusurwar kallo na digiri 110), da kuma watse hasken don bayyana mafi daidaito.

12. Trends na Masana'antu

Masana'antar LED na ci gaba da haɗuwa zuwa mafi inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), ingantaccen bayyana launi, da ƙarin ƙaramin ƙarami. Duk da yake wannan na'urar daidaitaccen abu ne ta hanyar rami, babban yanayi shine ƙaura zuwa fakitin Surface-Mount Device (SMD) (kamar 0603, 0402) don haɗawa ta atomatik da adana sarari. Bugu da ƙari, ana ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin ingancin LED na k'ore, a tarihi ƙasa da shuɗi da ja, don inganta aikin tsarin LED na RGB (Red-Green-Blue) don nuni da haske. Wannan ɓangaren yana wakiltar cikakkiyar mafita, mai aminci a cikin wannan yanayin fasaha mai haɓaka.