Takardar Bayanin LED 323-2SYGD/S530-E2 - Kore Mai Haske Mai Kyau - 20mA - 60mW - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun bayanan fasaha na fitilar LED 323-2SYGD/S530-E2. Wannan kayan aiki na'urar LED ce da ake haɗawa a saman (SMD) wacce aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai dogaro tare da takamaiman halayen launi. Babban aikin wannan LED shine fitar da haske lokacin da aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki ta gaba, canza makamashin lantarki zuwa haske mai gani a cikin bakan launin rawaya-kore.

1.1 Siffofi da Fa'idodi na Asali

LED tana ba da siffofi masu mahimmanci da yawa waɗanda suka sa ta dace da aikace-aikacen lantarki iri-iri. Tana ba da zaɓi na kusurwoyin kallo daban-daban, yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar tsarin hasken da ya dace da bukatunsu na musamman. Ana samun samfurin akan tef da reel, wanda ke sauƙaƙe tsarin haɗawa ta atomatik a cikin masana'antu masu yawa. An tsara shi don zama mai dogaro da ƙarfi, yana tabbatar da aiki mai daidaito a tsawon rayuwarsa na aiki. Na'urar ta bi ka'idoji masu mahimmanci na muhalli da aminci, gami da umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hatsari), ƙa'idodin EU REACH, kuma an rarraba shi azaman Ba Halogen ba, tare da ƙayyadaddun iyaka akan abun ciki na Bromine (Br) da Chlorine (Cl).

1.2 Kasuwa da Aikace-aikace Manufa

Wannan jerin LED an ƙera shi musamman don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar matakan haske mafi girma. Manyan kasuwannin manufa sun haɗa da na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci da fasahar nuni. Aikace-aikacen da aka ambata a sarari sune talabijin, na'urorin lura da kwamfuta, wayoyi, da na'urorin haɗin kwamfuta gabaɗaya. Halayensa sun sa ya dace da alamomin matsayi, hasken baya, da haske na gabaɗaya a cikin ƙananan na'urorin lantarki.

2. Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha da Fassarar Manufa

Wannan sashe yana cikakken bayyana mahimman sigogi na lantarki, na gani, da na zafi waɗanda ke ayyana iyakar aikin LED. Duk ƙayyadaddun an auna su a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji na yanayin zafi (Ta) na 25°C sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka.

2.1 Zaɓin Na'ura da Abun ciki na Kayan

LED tana amfani da kayan guntu na semiconductor na AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide). Wannan tsarin kayan sananne ne don samar da fitar da haske mai inganci a cikin yankunan bakan rawaya, lemu, ja, da kore. Launin da aka fitar an ƙayyade shi azaman Kore Mai Haske Mai Kyau. Resin da aka yi amfani da shi don ruwan tabarau na fakitin LED shine Kore Diffused, wanda ke taimakawa wajen watsar da haske kuma ya cimma ƙayyadadden kusurwar kallo.

2.2 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni

Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni yana ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Waɗannan ba shawarar yanayin aiki ba ne. Ci gaba da wutar lantarki ta gaba (IF) dole ne kada ta wuce 25 mA. Mafi girman kololuwar wutar lantarki ta gaba (IFP) na 60 mA yana halatta amma kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da cikakken aiki na 1/10 a 1 kHz. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) da LED zata iya jurewa shine 5 V. Matsakaicin watsawar wutar lantarki (Pd) don fakitin yana iyakance zuwa 60 mW. Na'urar na iya aiki a cikin yanayin zafi daga -40°C zuwa +85°C kuma ana iya adana su a cikin yanayin zafi daga -40°C zuwa +100°C. Matsakaicin juriyar zafin gishiri shine 260°C na tsawon lokaci na 5 seconds.

2.3 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan sigogi suna bayyana aikin LED a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun, yawanci a wutar lantarki ta gaba (IF) na 20 mA. Ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana da ƙimar al'ada na 80 mcd (millicandela), tare da mafi ƙarancin 40 mcd. Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2), wanda aka ayyana shi azaman kusurwar da ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwar, yawanci digiri 60 ne. Tsayin tsayin tsayi (λp) yawanci 575 nm ne, kuma tsayin tsayi (λd) yawanci 573 nm ne, yana tabbatar da wurin launin rawaya-kore. Faɗin bakan radiation (Δλ) yawanci 20 nm ne. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 1.7 V, ta hanyar al'ada na 2.0 V, zuwa matsakaicin 2.4 V a 20 mA. Wutar lantarki ta baya (IR) tana da iyaka mafi girma na 10 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarancin lantarki na 5 V. Takardar bayanin kuma ta lura da rashin tabbas na ma'auni: ±10% don ƙarfin haske, ±1.0 nm don tsayin tsayi, da ±0.1 V don ƙarfin lantarki na gaba.

3. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Bayanan hoto suna ba da zurfin fahimta game da halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

3.1 Rarraba Spectral da Angular

TheƘarfin Dangantaka da Tsawon Tsayilanƙwasa yana nuna rarraba ƙarfin bakan, yana kololuwa kusan 575 nm tare da faɗin bakan al'ada. TheDaidaitawalanƙwasa yana kwatanta tsarin radiation na sararin samaniya, yana nuna yadda ƙarfin haske ya bambanta da kusurwa daga axis na tsakiya, yana da alaƙa da kusurwar kallo na digiri 60.

3.2 Halayen Lantarki da Zafi

TheWutar Lantarki ta Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa IV)yana nuna alaƙar diode mai ma'ana. TheƘarfin Dangantaka da Wutar Lantarki ta Gabalanƙwasa yana nuna cewa fitar da haske yana ƙaruwa tare da wutar lantarki amma yana iya zama ƙasa da layi a manyan wutar lantarki saboda dumama da raguwar inganci. TheƘarfin Dangantaka da Yanayin YanayidaWutar Lantarki ta Gaba da Yanayin Yanayilanƙwasa suna da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafi. Suna nuna cewa fitar da haske yana raguwa yayin da yanayin yanayi ya tashi, kuma ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana da ƙimar zafi mara kyau (yana raguwa tare da haɓakar zafin jiki).

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

4.1 Girman Fakitin

Takardar bayanin ta haɗa da cikakken zanen girma na fakitin LED. Muhimman bayanan sun ƙayyade cewa duk girma suna cikin millimeters. Wani mahimmin ƙuntatawa shine cewa tsayin flange dole ne ya kasance ƙasa da 1.5 mm (0.059 inches). Matsakaicin juriya na gabaɗaya don girma da ba a ƙayyade ba shine ±0.25 mm. Zanen ya ayyana girman jiki, tazarar jagora, da gabaɗayan sawun da ake buƙata don shimfidar PCB (Kwamitin Kewayawa da aka Buga).

4.2 Ganewa da Haɗawa

Duk da yake ba a cikakken bayyana a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, daidaitattun fakitin LED suna da alamun anode da cathode, galibi ana nuna su ta hanyar mafi tsayin jagora, gefen lebur akan ruwan tabarau, ko alama akan jiki. Daidaitaccen polarity yana da mahimmanci don aiki.

5. Jagororin Gishiri da Haɗawa

Daidaitaccen sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da dogaro da hana lalacewa.

5.1 Samuwar Jagora

Idan jagororin suna buƙatar lanƙwasa, dole ne a yi shi a wani wuri aƙalla 3 mm daga gindin kwalliyar epoxy. Samuwar koyaushe ya kamata ya faru kafin gishiri. Dole ne a guje wa damuwa akan fakitin LED yayin samuwar don hana lalacewar ciki ko karyewa. Yakamata a yanke jagororin a yanayin daki. Ramin PCB dole ne ya daidaita daidai da jagororin LED don guje wa damuwar hawa, wanda zai iya lalata resin epoxy da LED kanta.

5.2 Yanayin Ajiya

Yakamata a adana LED a 30°C ko ƙasa da 70% zafi na dangi (RH) ko ƙasa da haka. Rayuwar ajiya da aka ba da shawarar a ƙarƙashin waɗannan yanayin shine watanni 3 daga jigilar kaya. Don ajiya mai tsawo (har zuwa shekara guda), yakamata a ajiye su a cikin akwati mai rufi tare da yanayin nitrogen da kayan shaɗaɗɗen danshi. Yakamata a guje wa sauye-sauyen zafi cikin sauri a cikin yanayi mai yawan danshi don hana hazo.

5.3 Tsarin Gishiri

Haɗin gishiri dole ne ya kasance aƙalla 3 mm daga kwalliyar epoxy. An ba da sharuɗɗan da aka ba da shawara don duka gishiri na hannu da tsoma (wave) gishiri. Don gishiri na hannu, yi amfani da ƙarshen ƙarfe a matsakaicin 300°C (don ƙarfe na 30W) ba fiye da dakika 3 ba. Don tsoma gishiri, preheat zuwa matsakaicin 100°C har zuwa dakika 60, sannan a biye da wanka gishiri a matsakaicin 260°C na dakika 5. Hoton bayanin gishiri yawanci ana haɗa shi, yana nuna alaƙar lokaci-zafi. Kada a yi amfani da damuwa ga jagororin yayin da LED ke da zafi. Kada a yi tsoma ko gishiri na hannu fiye da sau ɗaya. Bayan gishiri, dole ne a kare LED daga girgiza na injiniya har sai ya yi sanyi zuwa yanayin daki. Ba a ba da shawarar sanyaya cikin sauri ba. Mafi ƙarancin zafin gishiri da ke cimma haɗin gwiwa mai dogaro koyaushe yana da kyawawa.

5.4 Tsaftacewa

Idan tsaftacewa ya zama dole, yi amfani da barasa isopropyl a yanayin daki ba fiye da minti ɗaya ba, sannan a bushe da iska. Gabaɗaya ba a ba da shawarar tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic ba. Idan an buƙaci sosai, dole ne a riga an ƙaddara sigoginsa (wutar lantarki, tsawon lokaci) don tabbatar da cewa babu wata lalacewa da ta faru, saboda yana iya haifar da ƙananan tsagewa a cikin mutuwa ko fakitin.

6. La'akari da Ƙirar Aikace-aikace

6.1 Gudanar da Zafi

Rage zafi mai inganci yana da mahimmanci ga aikin LED da tsawon rai. Dole ne ƙirar aikace-aikace ta yi la'akari da sarrafa zafi. Yakamata a rage yawan wutar lantarki da ake aiki da shi daidai gwargwado bisa yanayin yanayi, yana koma ga lanƙwasa rage daraja. Sarrafa zafin da ke kewaye da LED a cikin aikace-aikacen ƙarshe ya zama dole don kiyaye ƙayyadadden fitar da haske da hana tsufa mai sauri.

6.2 Kariya ta ESD (Fitar Lantarki Mai Tsanani)

LED yana da hankali ga fitar da lantarki mai tsanani da ƙarfin lantarki, wanda zai iya lalata mutuwar semiconductor. Dole ne a bi daidaitattun hanyoyin sarrafa ESD yayin haɗawa, gami da amfani da tashoshi na aiki masu tushe, igiyoyin wuyan hannu, da kwantena masu ɗaukar kaya.

6.3 Iyakancewar Wutar Lantarki

LED na'urar da ake tuƙa ne. Resistor na iyakancewar wutar lantarki na jerin ko da'irar tuƙi mai dindindin dole ne don hana wutar lantarki ta gaba ta wuce matsakaicin ma'auni, wanda zai haifar da gazawar sauri.

7. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tattarawa

Ana tattara LED ta amfani da kayan da ba su da danshi da kuma kariya daga lantarki. Matsayin tattarawa shine: Ana sanya LED a cikin jakunkunan anti-electrostatic. Daga nan sai a saka waɗannan jakunkunan cikin akwatunan ciki. Ana tattara akwatunan ciki da yawa zuwa wani akwati na waje don jigilar kaya.

7.2 Yawan Tattarawa da Bayanin Alama

Mafi ƙarancin adadin tattarawa shine 200 zuwa 500 guda a kowace jaka. Ana tattara jakuna shida zuwa akwati ɗaya na ciki. Akwatunan ciki goma sun zama akwati ɗaya na waje. Alamun da ke kan marufi sun ƙunshi lambobi da yawa: CPN (Lambar Samar da Abokin Ciniki), P/N (Lambar Samarwa), QTY (Adadin Tattarawa), CAT (Matsayi na Ƙarfin Haske), HUE (Matsayi na Tsayin Tsayi), REF (Matsayi na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba), da LOT No (Lambar Lot don bin diddigin).

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Duk da yake ba a ba da kwatancen kai tsaye da wasu samfura a cikin takardar tushe ba, ana iya ƙididdige manyan bambance-bambancen wannan LED. Amfani da fasahar guntu na AlGaInP yawanci yana ba da inganci mafi girma da ingantaccen launi a cikin bakan rawaya-ja idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi. Bin Halogen-Free da ƙa'idodin RoHS/REACH masu tsauri fa'ida ce mai mahimmanci ga samfuran da ke niyyar kasuwannin duniya, musamman Turai. Haɗin ƙarfin haske na al'ada na 80 mcd a 20 mA tare da kusurwar kallo na digiri 60 yana ba da daidaiton haske da faɗin katako wanda ya dace da matsayin nuni da hasken baya.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayi da tsayin tsayi?

A: Tsayin tsayi (λp) shine tsayin tsayin da aka fitar da ƙarfin gani ya fi girma. Tsayin tsayi (λd) shine tsayin tsayi guda ɗaya na hasken monochromatic wanda ya dace da launin da LED ke gani. Ga wannan LED kore mai haske, suna kusa sosai (575 nm vs. 573 nm).

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED tare da wadatar 3.3V ba tare da resistor ba?

A: A'a. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yawanci 2.0V ne amma yana iya zama ƙasa kamar 1.7V. Haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa 3.3V zai haifar da wutar lantarki mai yawa, mai yiwuwa ya wuce matsakaicin 25 mA kuma ya lalata LED. Dole ne a yi amfani da resistor na jerin don iyakance wutar lantarki zuwa 20 mA ko ƙasa da haka.

Q: Me ya sa rayuwar ajiya ta iyakance zuwa watanni 3?

A> Wannan shine kariya daga shaɗaɗɗen danshi ta fakitin filastik. Danshin da aka sha yayin ajiya zai iya faɗaɗa cikin sauri yayin gishiri ("popcorning"), yana haifar da lalacewar ciki. Iyakar watanni 3 tana ɗaukar daidaitattun wuraren ajiya na masana'antu. Don ajiya mai tsawo, an tsara hanyar jakar nitrogen.

Q: Zafin gishiri shine 260°C, amma PCB na yana da wasu abubuwan da aka ƙididdige su don 240°C. Me zan yi?

A> Dole ne ku bi mafi ƙarancin tsari. Wataƙila kuna buƙatar amfani da ƙirar zafin gishiri mafi ƙanƙanta kuma mai yiwuwa wani gami na gishiri daban-daban, amma dole ne a tabbatar da wannan don tabbatar da an samar da haɗin lantarki da injiniya mai dogaro akan jagororin LED.