LTST-S115KETBKT SMD LED Takardar Bayani - LED Mai Launuka Biyu (Ja/Shuɗi) - Mai Duban Gefe - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun ƙayyadaddun bayanai na fasaha don LED mai launuka biyu, mai duban gefe (SMD). An ƙera wannan ɓangaren don haɗawa ta atomatik na allon kewayawa (PCB) kuma ya dace da aikace-aikace inda sarari ya zama matsala. LED ɗin ya haɗa guntayen semiconductor guda biyu a cikin fakit ɗaya: ɗayan yana fitar da haske ja, ɗayan kuma shuɗi.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da ƙaramin siffarsa, dacewa da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik, da kuma dacewa da hanyoyin siyar da guduro ta infrared (IR). An gina shi da kayan da ba su da gubar (masu bin ka'idodin ROHS) kuma yana da ƙarshen kwano don ingantacciyar siyarwa. Na'urar tana amfani da ingantattun kayan semiconductor: AlInGaP don fitar da ja da InGaN don fitar da shuɗi, waɗanda aka sani da ingantaccen aiki da haske.

Aikace-aikacen da ake nufi sun ƙunshi nau'ikan na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani da na masana'antu. Ya dace musamman don nuna matsayi, hasken baya na madannai ko allon madannai, hasken alamomi, da haɗawa cikin ƙananan nuni a cikin na'urori kamar wayoyin hannu, kwamfutocin tebur, kayan aikin hanyar sadarwa, na'urorin gida, da sauran tsarin sarrafa ofis.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani na Haƙiƙa

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki da LED a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ya wuce waɗannan ƙimar ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):Matsakaicin wutar lantarki da za a iya watsar da ita azaman zafi. Guntun ja yana da ƙimar 62.5 mW, yayin da guntun shuɗi yana da ƙimar 76 mW. Wuce wannan iyaka yana haifar da haɗarin lalacewa ta zafi.
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba:An ƙayyade iyakoki biyu na yanzu.Halin Yanzu na Gaba na DC (IF)shine matsakaicin ci gaba na yanzu: 25 mA don guntun ja da 20 mA don guntun shuɗi.Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gabashine mafi girman yanzu mai bugun jini (60 mA don ja, 100 mA don shuɗi) wanda aka yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin takamaiman sharuɗɗa (1/10 aikin aiki, 0.1 ms faɗin bugun jini) na ɗan lokaci.
• Kewayon Zafin Jiki:An ƙera na'urar don yin aiki a cikin kewayon zafin yanayi (Ta) na -20°C zuwa +80°C. Ajiya ya kamata ya kasance a cikin -30°C zuwa +100°C.
• Yanayin Siyarwa:Bangaren zai iya jurewa matsakaicin zafin jiki na siyar da guduro ta infrared na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10, wanda shine ma'auni don hanyoyin haɗawa marasa gubar.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da Na Gani

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na Ta=25°C da halin yanzu na gaba (IF) na 20 mA, sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Suna ayyana yawan aikin na'urar.

• Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (Iv):Wannan shine ma'aunin hasken da ake gani da aka fitar. Don guntun ja, ƙarfin yana kewayo daga mafi ƙarancin 45.0 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 180.0 mcd. Don guntun shuɗi, kewayon daga 28.0 mcd zuwa 112.0 mcd. Haƙiƙaƙƙen ƙimar don takamaiman naúrar ana ƙaddara ta ta hanyar matsayinta na rarrabuwa.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):An ayyana shi azaman cikakkiyar kusurwar da ƙarfin hasken gani ya rabi na ƙarfin da aka auna akan tsakiyar axis. Wannan LED yana da faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 130 ga duka launuka biyu, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar faɗin ganuwa.
• Ma'auni na Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa: Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa na Fitowa (λP)shine tsawon raƙuman ruwa wanda ƙarfin fitowar gani ya fi girma (yawanci 631 nm don ja, 468 nm don shuɗi).Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa (λd)shine tsawon raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya wanda ya fi wakiltar launin da ake gani, tare da ƙayyadaddun iyakoki mafi ƙanƙanta/na al'ada/matsakaici (misali, 615-635 nm don ja).Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ)shine faɗin bakan a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfi, yawanci 15 nm don ja da 20 nm don shuɗi, yana nuna tsaftar launi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Ragewar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin aiki a ƙayyadadden yanzu. Guntun ja yana da kewayon VF na 1.6V zuwa 2.4V, yayin da guntun shuɗi yana da mafi girman kewayon 2.7V zuwa 3.9V a 20 mA. Wannan bambance-bambancen ya samo asali ne daga bambancin ƙarfin bandgap na kayan AlInGaP da InGaN.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin yanzu na ɓarna lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V. An ƙayyade shi azaman 10 μA matsakaici ga duka guntayen. Takardar bayanin ta faɗi a sarari cewa ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin baya ba; wannan ma'auni ne kawai don dalilai na gwaji.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa rukunoni na aiki. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar ɓangarorin da ke da ƙayyadaddun halaye.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (Iv)

Ana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ga ƙarfin hasken gani da aka auna a 20 mA. Kowane rukunin yana da mafi ƙarancin ƙima da matsakaicin ƙima, tare da jurewar +/-15% a cikin kowane rukunin.

• Rukunonin Guntun Ja:P (45.0-71.0 mcd), Q (71.0-112.0 mcd), R (112.0-180.0 mcd).
• Rukunonin Guntun Shuɗi:N (28.0-45.0 mcd), P (45.0-71.0 mcd), Q (71.0-112.0 mcd).

3.2 Rarrabuwar Launi (Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa)

Don guntun shuɗi kawai, ana yin ƙarin rarrabuwa bisa ga matsakaicin tsawon raƙuman ruwa don sarrafa inuwar shuɗi.

• Rukunonin Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa na Guntun Shuɗi:AC (465-470 nm), AD (470-475 nm). Jurewar kowane rukunin shine +/- 1 nm, yana tabbatar da sarrafa launi daidai.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakit

4.1 Girman Fakit da Sanya Fil

LED ɗin ya yi daidai da daidaitaccen tsarin fakit na EIA. Duk girmansu yana cikin milimita tare da daidaitaccen jurewar ±0.1 mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Fakit ɗin nau'in duban gefe ne, ma'ana babban fitowar haske yana daga gefen ɓangaren, ba saman ba. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen hasken baya inda ake buƙatar jagorantar haske a gefe.

An ayyana sanya fil a sarari: Cathode 1 (C1) an haɗa shi da anode na guntun shuɗi (an nuna tsarin anode gama gari, amma takardar bayanin ta ƙayyade sanya fil don guntayen). Cathode 2 (C2) an haɗa shi da guntun ja. Dole ne a kiyaye daidaitaccen polarity yayin haɗawa.

4.2 Shawararriyar Fil ɗin Haɗawa da PCB da Jagorar Siyarwa

Takardar bayanin ta ƙunshi zane wanda ke nuna shawararriyar tsarin fil ɗin tagulla akan PCB. Bin wannan tsarin yana da mahimmanci don samun ingantacciyar haɗin guduro, daidaitaccen jeri, da ingantaccen watsar zafi yayin aikin sake kwarara. Zanen kuma yana nuna daidaitaccen alkiblar LED akan tef ɗin dangane da PCB don haɗawa ta atomatik.

5. Jagororin Siyarwa da Haɗawa

5.1 Ma'auni na Siyar da Guduro ta IR

Don hanyoyin siyar da guduro marasa gubar (Pb-free), ana ba da shawarar takamaiman bayanin zafin jiki. Manyan ma'auni sun haɗa da yankin pre-heat (150-200°C), matsakaicin lokacin pre-heat na dakika 120, matsakaicin zafin jiki na jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, da lokacin a wannan matsakaicin zafin jiki an iyakance shi zuwa dakika 10 matsakaici. Kada a sanya LED ɗin ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan fiye da zagaye biyu na sake kwarara.

5.2 Siyar da Hannu

Idan siyar da hannu ya zama dole, dole ne a yi taka tsantsan. Zafin ƙarshen guntun guduro bai kamata ya wuce 300°C ba, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar tare da tashar LED ya kamata a iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin dakika 3. Siyar da hannu ya kamata a yi sau ɗaya kawai kowace na'ura.

5.3 Tsaftacewa

Kawai yakamata a yi amfani da takamaiman magungunan tsaftacewa. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata fakit ɗin LED. Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan siyarwa, hanyar da aka ba da shawarar ita ce nutsar da LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya.

6. Gargaɗin Ajiya da Sarrafawa

6.1 Yanayin Ajiya

Daidaitaccen ajiya yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye iyawar siyarwa da hana lalacewa da danshi ya haifar (popcorning) yayin sake kwarara.

• Fakit Mai Kulle:LED ɗin a cikin jakarsa ta asali mai hana danshi tare da abin bushewa yakamata a ajiye shi a ≤30°C da ≤90% Danshi Dangi (RH). Tsawon rayuwa a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan shekara ɗaya.
• Fakit da aka Buɗe:Da zarar an buɗe jakar shinge na danshi, dole ne a ƙara sarrafa yanayin ajiya: ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Bangarorin da aka cire daga jakar da aka kulle yakamata a siyar da su ta hanyar sake kwarara cikin mako ɗaya.
• Ajiya Mai Tsayi (An Buɗe):Don ajiya fiye da mako ɗaya, yakamata a sanya LED ɗin a cikin akwati mai kulle tare da abin bushewa ko a cikin na'urar bushewa da aka tsarkake da nitrogen. Idan an ajiye shi a buɗe fiye da mako ɗaya, dole ne a yi gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin aikin siyarwa don fitar da danshin da aka ɗauka.

6.2 Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

LED ɗin yana da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki da haɓakar ƙarfin lantarki. Dole ne a kiyaye ƙa'idodin ESD da suka dace yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa. Wannan ya haɗa da amfani da igiyoyin wuyan hannu masu ƙasa, safar hannu masu hana tashin hankali, da tabbatar da cewa duk kayan aiki da wuraren aiki suna da ƙasa daidai.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana ba da LED ɗin da aka yi fakit ɗinsu don haɗawa ta atomatik. An ɗora su akan tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin milimita 8. Ana jujjuya wannan tef ɗin akan daidaitattun reels masu diamita inci 7 (178 mm). Kowane cikakken reel yana ɗauke da guda 3000. Don adadin da bai kai cikakken reel ba, mafi ƙarancin adadin marufi na guda 500 ya shafi ragowar kuri'a. Marufin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481.

7.2 Girman Reel da Fasali

An ba da cikakkun zane-zane na injiniya don reel da tef. Manyan fasali sun haɗa da: buɗaɗɗen aljihun ɓangarori akan tef ɗin an rufe su da tef ɗin murfi na sama don kare ɓangarorin, kuma matsakaicin adadin ɓangarorin da suka ɓace a jere akan reel shine biyu, yana tabbatar da daidaiton wadata don injinan ɗauka da sanyawa.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

8.1 Daidaitattun Da'irori na Aikace-aikace

Lokacin ƙira da'irar tuƙi, dole ne a yi la'akari da buƙatun ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) daban-daban na guntayen ja da shuɗi. Mafi yawan hanyar iyakance yanzu ita ce resistor mai sauƙi na kowane tashar launi. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor (R) ta amfani da dabara: R = (Vcc - VF_LED) / I_F, inda Vcc shine ƙarfin lantarki na wadata, VF_LED shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na takamaiman guntun (yi amfani da matsakaicin ƙima daga takardar bayanin don ƙira mai ra'ayin mazan jiya), kuma I_F shine halin yanzu na gaba da ake so (kada ya wuce ƙimar DC). Saboda bambancin ƙarfin lantarki, ƙimar resistor don tashar shuɗi za ta bambanta da ta tashar ja, ko da ana son yanzu ɗaya.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake rushewar wutar lantarki ƙanƙanta ce, ingantacciyar ƙira ta zafi akan PCB tana ba da gudummawa ga dogon lokacin amincin. Tabbatar da cewa an yi amfani da shawararriyar tsarin fil ɗin siyarwa yana taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi daga haɗin LED zuwa cikin PCB. Ya kamata a guji yin aiki da LED a ko kusa da matsakaicin ƙimar yanzu a cikin yanayi mai zafi na yanayi, saboda wannan yana tura zafin haɗin zuwa iyakarsa.

8.3 Ƙira ta Gani

Bayanin fitarwa na duban gefe ya dace da aikace-aikacen inda ake buƙatar haɗa haske zuwa cikin jagorar haske, hasken gefen panel, ko nuna matsayi daga gefen na'ura. Masu ƙira yakamata su yi la'akari da kusurwar dubawa na digiri 130 lokacin ƙira bututun haske ko buɗaɗɗen buɗe ido don tabbatar da cewa an sami tsarin hasken da ake so.

9. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Bisa Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙi guntayen ja da shuɗi lokaci ɗaya a cikakken halin yanzu na DC (25mA da 20mA)?

A: Takardar bayanin tana ba da ƙima kowace guntun. Dole ne a yi la'akari da rushewar wutar lantarki da iyakokin zafi don haɗakar zafin da aka haifar. Gabaɗaya yana da aminci idan jimillar wutar lantarki (Vf_red * 25mA + Vf_blue * 20mA) yana cikin ƙarfin watsar zafi na gabaɗaya na fakit ɗin, amma aikin lokaci ɗaya a matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar ya kamata a yi la'akari da shi a hankali, musamman a manyan yanayin zafi na yanayi.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa da Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa?

A: Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa (λP) shine ma'aunin jiki na mafi girman matsayi na bakan. Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa (λd) ƙima ce da aka ƙididdige daga ma'aunin launi wacce ta fi dacewa da ganin idon ɗan adam na launin. λd ya fi dacewa da aikace-aikacen inda takamaiman bayyanar launi ke da mahimmanci.

Q: An ƙayyade halin yanzu na baya a 5V. Shin zan iya amfani da wannan LED a cikin da'irar AC ko tare da kariya daga polarity na baya?

A: A'a. Takardar bayanin ta faɗi a sarari cewa ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin baya ba. Gwajin 5V ne kawai don tabbatar da inganci. Ba a ba da shawarar amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya na ci gaba, ko da ƙasa da 5V, kuma yana iya lalata LED. Za a buƙaci kariya ta waje, kamar diode a layi daya, don AC ko tuƙi mai bipolar.

Q: Ta yaya zan zaɓi rukunin da ya dace don aikace-aikacena?

A: Zaɓi rukunin ƙarfin hasken gani (Iv) bisa ga matakin haske da kuke buƙata da buƙatar daidaito tsakanin raka'a. Don LED shuɗi, kuma zaɓi rukunin tsawon raƙuman ruwa (launi) idan daidaiton launi ya fi mahimmanci. Yin amfani da ƙaramin rukunin (misali, Q don ƙarfi) na iya ƙara farashi amma yana tabbatar da mafi daidaitaccen aiki a cikin samarwarku.