Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfur
- 1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali
- 2. Bincike na Ma'auni na Fasaha
- 2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaici na Cikakke
- 2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da Hasken Gani
- 3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba
- 3.1 Rarraba Karfin Hasken Gani (IV)
- 3.2 Rarraba Launi
- 4. Bincike na Lankwasa Aiki
- 5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin
- 5.1 Girman Fakitin da Pinout
- 5.2 Tsarin Gindin Gyarar da aka Shawarta da Alkibla
- 6. Jagororin Gyarawa da Hadawa
- 6.1 Bayanin Gyarar Reflow
- 6.2 Tsaftacewa
- 6.3 Ajiya da Sarrafawa
- 7. Marufi da Oda
- 7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel
- 7.2 Tsarin Lambar Bangare
- 8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Tunani na Zane
- 8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
- 8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Zane
- 9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
- 10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)
- 10.1 Shin zan iya tuƙa guntun fari da rawaya daban?
- 10.2 Menene bambanci tsakanin matsakaicin tsawon tsawon tsawon da matsakaicin tsawon tsawon tsawon?
- 10.3 Me yasa ake buƙatar tsarin gasa kafin gyarawa idan an buɗe jakar?
- 11. Nazarin Shari'ar Zane na Aiki
- 12. Ka'idar Aiki
- 13. Trends na Fasaha
1. Bayanin Samfur
LTW-S115KSDS-5A wata LED ce mai launuka biyu, na'urar da ake hawa a saman (SMD) wacce aka kera ta musamman don aikace-aikacen haskakawa daga gefe, musamman a matsayin tushen hasken baya na nuni na ruwa-kristal (LCD). Tana hada guntayen semiconductor guda biyu daban-daban a cikin fakitin daidaitaccen EIA: guntun InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) don fitar da hasken fari da guntun AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don fitar da hasken rawaya. Wannan tsarin yana ba da damar samar da mafita masu sassauci na haskakawa daga wuri mai kankanta. An kera na'urar don hadawa mai yawa, ana kai ta akan tef mai girman 8mm da aka hawa a kan reels inci 7, kuma ta dace gaba daya da kayan aikin dauka da sanya ta atomatik da daidaitattun hanyoyin gyarar IR reflow.
1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali
- Tushen Launuka Biyu:Yana hada fitar da hasken fari da rawaya a cikin fakitin daya, yana adana sararin allo kuma yana sauƙaƙa zane don nuni mai launuka da yawa ko hasken baya mai gauraye.
- Fitarwa Daga Gefe:Babban fitarwar hasken yana tafiya daidai da filin hawa, wanda ya sa ya dace da hasken gefen siraran panel kamar na cikin kayan LCD.
- Hasken Karfi:Yana amfani da ci-gaban fasahar guntu na InGaN da AlInGaP don samar da haske mai karfi.
- Mai Dacewa da Masana'antu:Yana da igiyoyin da aka lullube da tin don ingantacciyar iya gyarawa kuma an yi fakitin don dacewa da layukan hadawa ta atomatik.
- Daidaitaccen Muhalli:Samfurin ya cika ka'idar Takunkumin Abubuwa Masu Hatsari (RoHS).
2. Bincike na Ma'auni na Fasaha
2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaici na Cikakke
Ba za a wuce wadannan iyakoki ba a kowane yanayi, domin yin hakan na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. An kayyade matakan a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C.
- Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):Fari: 35 mW; Rawaya: 48 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin wutar lantarki da LED zata iya watsawa a matsayin zafi.
- Matsakaicin Halin Gaba na Halin Yanzu (IFP):Fari: 50 mA; Rawaya: 80 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu na lokaci-lokaci da aka yarda a karkashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, 0.1ms faɗin bugun).
- DC Halin Gaba na Halin Yanzu (IF):Fari: 10 mA; Rawaya: 20 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin ci gaba na halin yanzu na gaba don aiki mai dogaro.
- Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-20°C zuwa +80°C.
- Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +85°C.
- Yanayin Gyarar Infrared:Yana jurewa matsakaicin zafin 260°C na dakika 10 yayin gyarar reflow.
2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da Hasken Gani
Matsakaicin ma'auni na aiki ana auna su a Ta=25°C da halin yanzu na gaba (IF) na 5 mA, sai dai idan an lura da wani abu.
- Karfin Hasken Gani (IV):Fari: Min. 28 mcd, Typ. N/A, Max. 112 mcd. Rawaya: Min. 7.1 mcd, Typ. N/A, Max. 71 mcd. Wannan shine hasken da ake ganin LED kamar yadda na'urar firikwensin gani (martanin idon mutum) ta auna.
- Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Digiri 130 (na yau da kullun ga launuka biyu). Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da karfin hasken ya ragu zuwa rabin matsakaicin darajarsa.
- Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λP):Rawaya: 591 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan shine tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon da rarraba ikon bakan guntun rawaya ya fi girma.
- Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λd):Rawaya: 590 nm (na yau da kullun a IF=5mA). Wannan shine tsawon tsawon tsawon daya wanda ya fi wakiltar launin da ake ganin LED rawaya.
- Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):Rawaya: 15 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan ko faɗin band na hasken rawaya da aka fitar.
- Ma'auni na Launi (x, y):Fari: x=0.290, y=0.282 (na yau da kullun a IF=5mA). Wadannan ma'auni na CIE 1931 suna ayyana wurin launin LED fari akan zanen launi.
- Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Fari: Min. 2.55V, Typ. 2.85V, Max. 3.15V. Rawaya: Min. 1.6V, Typ. 2.00V, Max. 2.40V. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake gudanar da ƙayyadaddun halin yanzu na gaba.
- Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):Fari: Max. 10 µA; Rawaya: Max. 100 µA (a VR=5V). Ba a kera na'urar don aikin baya ba; wannan ma'auni ne don gwajin zubewar ruwa kawai.
3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba
Ana rarraba LED ɗin bisa mahimman ma'auni na gani don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin kayan samarwa. Ana yiwa alamar rukunin a kan marufi.
3.1 Rarraba Karfin Hasken Gani (IV)
Ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa rukunoni bisa ga ma'aunin karfin haskensu a IF= 5 mA. Iyakar kowane rukuni shine ±15%.
- Rukunin Guntun Fari:N (28.0-45.0 mcd), P (45.0-71.0 mcd), Q (71.0-112.0 mcd).
- Rukunin Guntun Rawaya:K (7.10-11.2 mcd), L (11.2-18.0 mcd), M (18.0-28.0 mcd), N (28.0-45.0 mcd), P (45.0-71.0 mcd).
3.2 Rarraba Launi
Ana ƙara rarraba LED ɗin fari bisa ma'auni na launi (x, y) akan zanen CIE 1931. An ayyana rukunoni huɗu na launi (C1, C2, D1, D2), kowannensu yana da takamaiman iyakoki. Iyakar akan kowane rukunin launi shine ±0.01 a cikin ma'auni na x da y. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen hasken baya inda ake amfani da LED da yawa tare.
4. Bincike na Lankwasa Aiki
Takardun bayanan tana nuni zuwa lankwasan aiki na yau da kullun (ko da yake ba a nuna su a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba). Wadannan lankwasan suna da mahimmanci ga injiniyoyin zane.
- Lankwasa I-V (Halin Yanzu-Ƙarfin Lantarki):Yana nuna alakar tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba (IF) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) ga guntun fari da rawaya. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don zane na'urar iyakance halin yanzu.
- Karfin Hasken Gani vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Yana kwatanta yadda fitarwar haske (IV) ke karuwa tare da halin yanzu na tuƙi. Yana taimakawa wajen tantance mafi kyawun wurin aiki don daidaita haske da inganci/tsawon rayuwa.
- Karfin Hasken Gani vs. Yanayin Muhalli:Yana nuna raguwar fitarwar haske yayin da zafin haɗin ke tashi. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga sarrafa zafi a cikin aikace-aikacen ƙarshe.
- Rarraba Bakan:Ga LED rawaya, wannan lankwasa tana nuna ikon da ya dace da aka fitar a cikin tsawon tsawon daban-daban, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a kusa da matsakaicin tsawon tsawon ~591 nm.
5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin
5.1 Girman Fakitin da Pinout
Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen fakitin EIA. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da girman jiki da tazarar jagora. Aikin fil yana da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen alkibla: An sanya Pin C1 ga Guntun Fari na InGaN, kuma an sanya Pin C2 ga Guntun Rawaya na AlInGaP. Cikakken zane mai girma (ba a nuna anan ba) yana ƙayyade duk mahimman ma'auni na fakitin tare da iyakar yau da kullun na ±0.10 mm.
5.2 Tsarin Gindin Gyarar da aka Shawarta da Alkibla
An ba da tsarin ƙasa da aka ba da shawarar (zane na gindin gyarawa) don allo na'urar da'ira (PCB) don tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗin gyarawa da daidaitaccen jeri yayin reflow. Takardun bayanan kuma tana nuna alkiblar gyarar da aka ba da shawarar dangane da ciyarwar tef don inganta tsarin.
6. Jagororin Gyarawa da Hadawa
6.1 Bayanin Gyarar Reflow
LED ɗin ya dace da gyarar infrared (IR) reflow. An ba da shawarar takamaiman bayanin gyarawa, tare da matsakaicin zafin 260°C da aka riƙe na dakika 10. Takardun bayanan ta jaddada cewa bayanan da ke da matsakaicin zafin ƙasa da 245°C na iya zama bai isa ba don ingantacciyar gyarawa, musamman ba tare da fa'idar lullube tin na kayan ba. Cikakken zane na lokaci-zafi yawanci yana nuna yankunan dumama, jiƙa, reflow, da sanyaya.
6.2 Tsaftacewa
Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan gyarawa, kawai yakamata a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi. Takardun bayanan ta ba da shawarar nutsar da LED a cikin barasa ethyl ko barasa isopropyl a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Yin amfani da sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba na iya lalata fakitin LED.
6.3 Ajiya da Sarrafawa
- Zubar da Lantarki Mai Tsanani (ESD):LED ɗin yana da hankali ga ESD. Hanyoyin sarrafawa yakamata su haɗa da amfani da igiyoyin wuyan hannu, safofin hannu masu hana tsayayyen lantarki, da kayan aiki masu kafa daidai.
- Hankali ga Danshi:A matsayin na'urar da ake hawa a saman, tana da hankali ga shan danshi. Jakunkuna da ba a buɗe ba, masu hana danshi tare da busassun abu suna da tsawon rayuwa na shekara guda idan an adana su a ≤ 30°C da ≤ 90% RH. Da zarar an buɗe, yakamata a yi amfani da LED ɗin cikin mako guda ko kuma a adana su a cikin yanayi mai bushewa (≤ 30°C / ≤ 60% RH). Kayayyakin da aka adana daga ainihin marufinsu fiye da mako guda suna buƙatar gasa (misali, 60°C na sa'o'i 20) kafin gyarawa don hana "gwaiduwa" yayin reflow.
7. Marufi da Oda
7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel
Ana kai LED ɗin a cikin tef mai zane (faɗin 8mm) tare da tef mai kariya, wanda aka nannade a kan reels mai diamita inci 7 (178 mm). Daidaitaccen adadin reel shine guda 3000. Ana samun mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryawa na guda 500 don sauran umarni. Marufin ya yi daidai da ka'idojin ANSI/EIA-481.
7.2 Tsarin Lambar Bangare
Lambar bangare LTW-S115KSDS-5A ta ƙunshi bayanan da aka ɓoye game da dangin samfur, launi, fakitin, da kuma mai yiwuwa rukunin aiki (ko da yake ainihin binciken yana da takamaiman samfuri).
8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Tunani na Zane
8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
- Hasken Baya na LCD:Babban aikace-aikacen, yana ba da hasken gefe ga ƙananan zuwa matsakaicin girman panel na LCD a cikin kayan lantarki na mabukaci, nunin masana'antu, da gungu na mota.
- Nuni na Matsayi:Ƙarfin launuka biyu yana ba da damar nuni mai yanayi da yawa (misali, fari don "kunna," rawaya don "jiran aiki/faɗakarwa," ko duka biyun don yanayi na uku).
- Hasken Kayan Ado:Ana iya amfani da shi a cikin wurare masu kankanta inda ake buƙatar fitarwa daga gefe da gaurayawar launi.
8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Zane
- Tukin Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da direban halin yanzu na yau da kullun ko resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere tare da LED. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ya bambanta, don haka ba a ba da shawarar tuƙi ta ƙarfin lantarki ba. Kada ku wuce matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC na gaba (10mA don fari, 20mA don rawaya).
- Gudanar da Zafi:Ko da yake raguwar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko ramukan zafi yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye ƙaramin zafin haɗin, wanda ke adana fitarwar haske kuma yana tsawaita tsawon rayuwar aiki.
- Zane na Gani:Kusurwar dubawa na digiri 130 tana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi. Don hasken baya, ana amfani da jagororin haske da masu watsawa don rarraba haske daidai a cikin yankin nuni.
- Kariyar Da'ira:Yi la'akari da aiwatar da kariyar alkibla ta baya idan akwai haɗarin shigarwa ba daidai ba, saboda ba a kera LED ɗin don aikin baya ba.
9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
Idan aka kwatanta da LED ɗin gefe mai launi ɗaya, LTW-S115KSDS-5A yana ba da tanadin sarari mai mahimmanci da sassauƙan zane ta hanyar haɗa launuka biyu. Amfani da AlInGaP don rawaya yana ba da inganci mai girma da ingantaccen launi mai jikewa don wannan tsawon tsawon. Haɗin InGaN don fari da AlInGaP don rawaya a cikin fakitin daya yana wakiltar mafita da aka keɓance don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar takamaiman tushen launi masu dogaro daga ƙaramin sawun ƙafa, yana bambanta shi da mafi sauƙi na madadin launi ɗaya ko manyan mafita daban-daban.
10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)
10.1 Shin zan iya tuƙa guntun fari da rawaya daban?
Ee. Guntayen biyu suna da haɗin anode/cathode daban-daban (Pins C1 da C2). Dole ne a tuƙe su ta hanyoyin da'ira masu iyakance halin yanzu daban-daban don sarrafa kowane launi daban.
10.2 Menene bambanci tsakanin matsakaicin tsawon tsawon tsawon da matsakaicin tsawon tsawon tsawon?
Matsakaicin tsawon tsawon tsawon (λP) shine tsawon tsawon tsawon jiki inda bakan fitarwa ya fi ƙarfi. Matsakaicin tsawon tsawon tsawon (λd) ƙima ce da aka lissafta wacce ke wakiltar launin da ake gani a matsayin tsawon tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya akan zanen CIE. Ga LED ɗin launi ɗaya kamar na rawaya a nan, sau da yawa suna kusa sosai.
10.3 Me yasa ake buƙatar tsarin gasa kafin gyarawa idan an buɗe jakar?
Fakitin robobi na SMD na iya shan danshi daga iska. A lokacin babban zafin jiki na gyarar reflow, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya yin tururi da sauri, yana haifar da matsa lamba na ciki wanda zai iya fashe fakitin ko raba haɗin ciki - gazawar da aka sani da "gwaiduwa." Gasa tana kawar da wannan danshin da aka sha.
11. Nazarin Shari'ar Zane na Aiki
Yi la'akari da zane na hasken baya don ƙaramin nuni na kayan aikin masana'antu. Zanen yana buƙatar duka hasken baya mai haske na fari don aiki na yau da kullun da kuma takamaiman mai nuna rawaya don yanayin ƙararrawa. Ta amfani da LTW-S115KSDS-5A, mai zane zai iya sanya kayan aiki guda ɗaya a gefen jagoran haske. Ana tuƙa guntun fari a 5mA ta hanyar da'ira mai halin yanzu na yau da kullun don babban hasken baya. An haɗa guntun rawaya zuwa wani da'ira direba daban wanda dabarar ƙararrawa ta kayan aikin ke sarrafawa. Wannan hanya tana sauƙaƙa zanen injiniya (kayan aiki ɗaya maimakon biyu), tana rage sawun ƙafa na PCB, kuma tana tabbatar da daidaitaccen jeri na hanyoyin haske guda biyu dangane da jagoran haske.
12. Ka'idar Aiki
Fitar da haske a cikin LED yana dogara ne akan electroluminescence a cikin haɗin p-n na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yanki mai aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Launi (tsawon tsawon tsawon) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor. Guntun InGaN yana da bandgap mafi faɗi, yana ba da damar fitar da haske mai guntu tsawon tsawon (shuɗi), wanda aka canza wani ɓangare zuwa bakan mafi faɗi (wanda ya bayyana fari) ta hanyar lulluɓin phosphor a cikin fakitin. Guntun AlInGaP yana da ƙaramin bandgap, wanda aka kera don fitar da photons kai tsaye a cikin ɓangaren rawaya/lemu/ja na bakan, wanda ya haifar da hasken rawaya mai tsafta da aka gani.
13. Trends na Fasaha
Masana'antar LED na ci gaba da haɓaka zuwa inganci mafi girma (lumens mafi yawa a kowace watt), ingantaccen nuna launi (musamman ga LED fari), da ƙarin ƙanƙanta. Don aikace-aikacen gefe da hasken baya, trends sun haɗa da fakitin mafi sirara, mafi girman haske, da haɗa ƙarin hadaddun tsararrun guntu da yawa (RGB, RGBW) cikin fakitin guda ɗaya don sarrafa launi mai ƙarfi. Bugu da ƙari, ci gaban a cikin kayan fakitin da fasahar phosphor suna nufin haɓaka dogaro, aikin zafi, da daidaiton launi akan zafi da tsawon rayuwa.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |