Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfur
- 1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali
- 2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha
- 2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaici na Cikakke
- 2.2 Halaye na Lantarki & Gani
- . Binning System Explanation
- .1 Luminous Intensity Binning
- .2 Dominant Wavelength Binning (Green Only)
- . Performance Curve Analysis
- .1 Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage (I-V Curve)
- .2 Luminous Intensity vs. Forward Current
- .3 Temperature Dependence
- .4 Spectral Distribution
- . Mechanical & Package Information
- .1 Package Dimensions and Polarity
- .2 Recommended Solder Pad Design
- . Soldering & Assembly Guidelines
- .1 Infrared Reflow Soldering Profile
- .2 Hand Soldering
- .3 Storage and Handling Conditions
- .4 Cleaning
- . Packaging & Ordering Information
- .1 Tape and Reel Specifications
- . Application Recommendations
- .1 Typical Application Scenarios
- .2 Design Considerations
- . Technical Comparison & Differentiation
- . Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)
- . Practical Design and Usage Examples
- . Operating Principle Introduction
- . Technology Trends
1. Bayanin Samfur
LTST-C295KGKFKT LED ne mai launuka biyu, na'urar da ake hawa a saman (SMD) wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani da ke bukatar girman karami da aiki mai dogaro. Wannan samfurin yana amfani da ci-gaban fasahar AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don duka tushen haske na kori da orange, wanda aka sanya shi a cikin fakitin siriri wanda yake da tsayin 0.55mm kawai. An tattara shi a kan tef na 8mm wanda aka nannade a kan reels masu diamita 7-inch, wanda ya sa ya dace da kayan aikin haɗawa da sarrafa kai ta atomatik mai sauri. An rarraba na'urar a matsayin samfurin kore, wanda ya dace da ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari), kuma ya dace don amfani a cikin nau'ikan na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci da na masana'antu.
1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali
Babban fa'idodin wannan LED ya samo asali ne daga haɗin kayan ci-gaba da siffar ƙarami. Amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen haske, wanda ke haifar da fitarwa mai haske daga ƙaramin yanki na guntu. Ikon launuka biyu a cikin fakitin guda yana adana ƙasa mai mahimmanci na PCB (Allon Da'ira da aka Buga) idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED masu launi guda biyu daban-daban. Siffarsa mai siriri yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙayyadaddun iyakokin tsayi, kamar a cikin nuni mai siriri, na'urorin hannu, da kuma na'urorin hasken baya. Bugu da ƙari, dacewarsa da hanyoyin ginin gini na infrared (IR) reflow yana ba shi damar haɗawa ta amfani da daidaitattun hanyoyin haɗawa na hawa saman (SMT), yana tabbatar da yawan samarwa da dogaro.
2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha
Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken fassara, na haƙiƙa na mahimman sigogi na lantarki, na gani, da na zafi da aka ƙayyade a cikin takardun bayanai, yana bayyana muhimmancinsu ga injiniyoyin ƙira.
2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaici na Cikakke
Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a nufin su don aiki na yau da kullun ba.
- Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (PD):75 mW kowane launi. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da LED zai iya watsawa a matsayin zafi. Wucewa wannan ƙimar, yawanci ta hanyar tuƙi a cikin babban yanayin zafi ko a cikin babban yanayin zafi, na iya haifar da zafi mai yawa, lalacewar sauri na kayan semiconductor, kuma a ƙarshe, gazawa.
- Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (IFP):80 mA (a 1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms). Wannan ƙididdiga na aikin bugun jini ne, wanda galibi ake amfani dashi a cikin da'irori masu yawa ko don cimma lokuta gajere na haske mai yawa. Ƙarancin aikin aiki da gajeren faɗin bugun jini suna da mahimmanci don hana zafin haɗin gwiwa daga haɓaka da yawa yayin bugun jini.
- Halitta na Yanzu na DC Gaba (IF):30 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin ci gaba da ake ba da shawarar don aiki mai dogaro na dogon lokaci. Ƙirar da'irar tuƙi don yin aiki a ko ƙasa da wannan halin yanzu yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da tsawon rayuwar LED da kiyaye halayen gani masu tsayi.
- Farashin Baya (VR):5 V. Ba a tsara LED don jure babban bambancin baya ba. Wucewa wannan ƙarfin lantarki na iya haifar da rushewar PN junction kwatsam, wanda zai haifar da gazawar nan take da mummunan. Dole ne ƙirar da'ira ta dace ta tabbatar cewa ba a sanya LED ga farashin baya ba, galibi ta amfani da diodes kariya a cikin AC ko yanayin tuƙi na bipolar.
- Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:-30°C zuwa +85°C da -40°C zuwa +85°C, bi da bi. Waɗannan iyakoki suna ayyana yanayin muhalli da na'urar za ta iya jurewa yayin amfani da kuma yayin kashe wutar lantarki. Yin aiki kusa ko sama da babban iyaka zai rage fitarwa mai haske da tsawon rai.
2.2 Halaye na Lantarki & Gani
Waɗannan sigogi ana auna su a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C) kuma suna wakiltar aikin na'urar na yau da kullun.
- Ƙarfin Hasken (IV):Ga LED kore, ƙimar yau da kullun ita ce 35.0 mcd a 20mA, tare da mafi ƙarancin 18.0 mcd. Ga LED orange, ƙimar yau da kullun ita ce 90.0 mcd a 20mA, tare da mafi ƙarancin 28.0 mcd. Mai fitarwa orange a asali yana da inganci a cikin tsarin kayan AlInGaP, wanda ke haifar da mafi girman fitarwa na yau da kullun. Ƙimar mafi ƙanƙanta tana da mahimmanci ga masu ƙira waɗanda dole ne su tabbatar da wani matakin haske a aikace-aikacensu.
- Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Digiri 130 (na yau da kullun ga duka launuka). Wannan faɗin kusurwar dubawa yana nuna tsarin radiation na Lambertian ko kusa da Lambertian, inda ƙarfin haske ya kasance daidai gwargwado a fadin yanki mai faɗi. Wannan yana da kyau ga fitilun nuni na gabaɗaya da hasken baya inda ake buƙatar ganin daga kusurwoyi da yawa, sabanin LED mai ƙunƙun bugun da ake amfani dashi don mayar da hankali ga haske.
- Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon 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Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon TsP, λd):The green LED has a typical peak wavelength of 574 nm and a dominant wavelength of 571 nm. The orange LED has a typical peak wavelength of 611 nm and a dominant wavelength of 605 nm. The dominant wavelength is the single wavelength perceived by the human eye and is the key parameter for color specification. The slight difference between peak and dominant wavelength is due to the shape of the emission spectrum.
- Spectral Line Half-Width (Δλ):Approximately 15 nm for green and 17 nm for orange. This parameter, also known as Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM), describes the spectral purity of the light. A narrower width indicates a more monochromatic (pure) color. These values are typical for AlInGaP LEDs and provide good color saturation.
- Forward Voltage (VF):.0 V typical, 2.4 V maximum at 20mA for both colors. This low forward voltage is beneficial as it reduces power consumption and thermal load. The driver circuit (usually a constant current source or a current-limiting resistor) must be designed to accommodate the maximum VFto ensure the desired current is delivered under all conditions, including device-to-device variation and temperature effects.
- Reverse Current (IR): µA maximum at 5V. This is the small leakage current that flows when the device is reverse-biased within its maximum rating. A value significantly higher than this could indicate a damaged junction.
. Binning System Explanation
The datasheet includes bin codes for luminous intensity and dominant wavelength, which are essential for applications requiring color or brightness consistency.
.1 Luminous Intensity Binning
LEDs are sorted (binned) after manufacture based on their measured light output. For the green LED, bins range from \"M\" (18.0-28.0 mcd) to \"Q\" (71.0-112.0 mcd). For the orange LED, bins range from \"N\" (28.0-45.0 mcd) to \"R\" (112.0-180.0 mcd). Each bin has a tolerance of +/-15%. When ordering, specifying a tighter bin (e.g., only \"P\" and \"Q\") ensures more uniform brightness across multiple units in an assembly, which is vital for multi-LED displays or backlight arrays. Using LEDs from a single bin is recommended for optimal visual consistency.
.2 Dominant Wavelength Binning (Green Only)
The green LEDs are also binned by dominant wavelength into codes \"C\" (567.5-570.5 nm), \"D\" (570.5-573.5 nm), and \"E\" (573.5-576.5 nm), with a +/-1 nm tolerance per bin. This allows designers to select LEDs with a very specific shade of green, which is important for color-coded indicators or when matching a specific corporate or product color scheme. The orange LED's wavelength is specified as typical only, indicating less variation or that binning is not offered for this parameter.
. Performance Curve Analysis
While specific graphical curves are referenced in the datasheet (e.g., Fig.1, Fig.6), their implications are standard for LED technology.
.1 Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage (I-V Curve)
The I-V characteristic of an LED is exponential. A small increase in forward voltage beyond the \"turn-on\" point results in a large increase in current. This is why LEDs must be driven by a constant current source or with a series current-limiting resistor; a constant voltage supply would lead to thermal runaway and destruction. The typical VFof 2.0V at 20mA provides the operating point for this design.
.2 Luminous Intensity vs. Forward Current
Luminous intensity is approximately proportional to forward current in the normal operating range. However, efficiency (lumens per watt) often decreases at very high currents due to increased heat and other non-radiative recombination processes. Operating at or below the recommended 20mA DC ensures optimal efficiency and longevity.
.3 Temperature Dependence
LED performance is highly temperature-dependent. As the junction temperature increases: Forward Voltage (VF) decreases slightly. Luminous Intensity decreases significantly. For AlInGaP LEDs, the light output can drop by approximately 0.5-1.0% per °C rise in junction temperature. Dominant Wavelength may shift slightly (typically to longer wavelengths for AlInGaP). Effective thermal management on the PCB, such as using thermal vias or a copper pour, is critical to maintain stable optical performance, especially in high-power or high-ambient-temperature applications.
.4 Spectral Distribution
The referenced spectral graph would show a single, relatively narrow peak for each color, characteristic of AlInGaP material. The absence of secondary peaks or a broad spectrum confirms the color purity of the device, which is desirable for applications requiring saturated colors.
. Mechanical & Package Information
.1 Package Dimensions and Polarity
The device conforms to an EIA standard package outline. The key mechanical feature is its height of 0.55mm. The pin assignment is clearly defined: Pins 1 and 3 are for the green LED, and pins 2 and 4 are for the orange LED. This four-pad design allows independent control of the two colors. The polarity is indicated by the pin numbering; typically, the anode is connected to the positive supply via the driver circuit, and the cathode is connected to ground or the current sink.
.2 Recommended Solder Pad Design
The datasheet provides suggested solder pad dimensions. Following these recommendations is crucial for achieving reliable solder joints during reflow. The pad design affects the solder fillet shape, which influences mechanical strength and thermal conduction away from the LED. A well-designed pad ensures proper self-alignment during reflow and prevents tombstoning (where one end of the component lifts off the pad).
. Soldering & Assembly Guidelines
.1 Infrared Reflow Soldering Profile
The device is fully compatible with infrared (IR) or convection reflow soldering processes, which is the standard for SMT assembly. The datasheet provides a suggested profile compliant with JEDEC standards for lead-free (Pb-free) solder. Key parameters include: A pre-heat zone (150-200°C) to slowly ramp temperature and activate flux. A peak temperature not exceeding 260°C. A time above liquidus (typically 217°C for SnAgCu solder) of 10 seconds maximum. The total time from room temperature to peak and back should be controlled to minimize thermal stress on the plastic package and the semiconductor die.
.2 Hand Soldering
If hand soldering is necessary for repair or prototyping, extreme care must be taken. The recommendation is to use a soldering iron at a maximum temperature of 300°C and limit the contact time to 3 seconds per pad. Excessive heat or prolonged contact can melt the plastic lens, damage the wire bonds inside the package, or delaminate the die attach material.
.3 Storage and Handling Conditions
LEDs are moisture-sensitive devices (MSD). The plastic package can absorb moisture from the air, which can turn to steam during the high-temperature reflow process, causing internal cracking or \"popcorning.\" The datasheet specifies: Sealed packages should be stored at ≤30°C and ≤90% RH and used within one year. Once opened, LEDs should be stored at ≤30°C and ≤60% RH. Components exposed to ambient air for more than one week should be baked at 60°C for at least 20 hours before soldering to drive out moisture. Proper handling also includes precautions against electrostatic discharge (ESD). Although not as sensitive as some ICs, LEDs can be damaged by ESD. Using grounded wrist straps, anti-static mats, and properly grounded equipment is recommended.
.4 Cleaning
Post-solder cleaning, if required, should only be performed with specified solvents. The datasheet recommends ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol at normal temperature for less than one minute. Harsh or unspecified chemicals can attack the plastic lens material, causing clouding, cracking, or discoloration, which would severely degrade optical performance.
. Packaging & Ordering Information
.1 Tape and Reel Specifications
The device is supplied in embossed carrier tape with a protective cover tape, wound onto 7-inch (178mm) diameter reels. Standard reel quantity is 4000 pieces. A minimum order quantity of 500 pieces is specified for remainder reels. The tape dimensions and pocket spacing conform to ANSI/EIA-481 specifications, ensuring compatibility with standard SMT feeders. The tape design includes orientation features and sprocket holes for precise mechanical advancement.
. Application Recommendations
.1 Typical Application Scenarios
The dual-color capability and thin profile make this LED suitable for numerous applications: Status Indicators: A single component can show two states (e.g., green for \"on/ready,\" orange for \"standby/warning\"). Backlighting for Keypads and Switches: Its wide viewing angle and brightness are ideal for illuminating symbols on control panels. Consumer Electronics: Used in smartphones, tablets, wearables, and remote controls where space is at a premium. Automotive Interior Lighting: For dashboard indicators or ambient lighting (subject to qualification for specific automotive grades). Portable Devices: Battery-powered devices benefit from its low forward voltage, which minimizes power drain.
.2 Design Considerations
Current Limiting: Always use a constant current driver or a series resistor calculated based on the supply voltage and the LED's maximum VF. Thermal Management: Ensure the PCB layout provides a adequate thermal path, especially if driving near maximum current. Consider the thermal resistance from the LED junction to the ambient environment. ESD Protection: Incorporate ESD protection diodes on signal lines driving the LED if they are exposed to user interfaces. Optical Design: The wide viewing angle may require light guides or diffusers if a specific beam pattern is needed. For color mixing (if both LEDs are driven simultaneously), understand that the human eye's perception of the mixed color (e.g., a yellow-ish hue from green+orange) is non-linear.
. Technical Comparison & Differentiation
Compared to older LED technologies like standard GaP (Gallium Phosphide) or GaAsP (Gallium Arsenide Phosphide), the AlInGaP chip offers significantly higher luminous efficiency, resulting in brighter light output for the same drive current. Compared to some white LEDs based on blue chips with phosphor, these monochromatic LEDs offer superior color purity and typically higher efficacy within their specific color band. The key differentiator of this specific part is the combination of two distinct, efficient colors in an industry-standard, ultra-thin package that supports full reflow assembly. This integration reduces part count, assembly time, and board space versus using two discrete LEDs.
. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)
Q: Can I drive both the green and orange LEDs at the same time?
A: Yes, they are electrically independent. However, you must ensure that the total power dissipation (IF* VFfor each LED, plus any driver losses) does not exceed the thermal capacity of the PCB and the device's own limits. Driving both at full 20mA simultaneously dissipates approximately 80mW, which is above the 75mW per-color rating but may be acceptable if the duty cycle is low or thermal management is excellent. Consult thermal calculations for your specific layout.
Q: What is the difference between \"Peak Wavelength\" and \"Dominant Wavelength\"?
A: Peak Wavelength (λP) is the wavelength at which the spectral power distribution is maximum. Dominant Wavelength (λd) is the single wavelength of monochromatic light that would appear to have the same color to a standard human observer. λdis calculated from the CIE chromaticity coordinates and is the more relevant parameter for specifying the perceived color.
Q: How do I interpret the bin codes when placing an order?
A: To ensure consistency, specify the desired luminous intensity bin (e.g., \"P\") and, for green, the dominant wavelength bin (e.g., \"D\"). This tells the manufacturer to supply parts that fall within those specific performance ranges. Not specifying bins may result in receiving parts from any production bin, leading to potential variation in your end product.
Q: Is a heat sink required?
A: For operation at the maximum continuous current (20mA) in a typical indoor ambient environment (25°C), a dedicated heat sink is usually not required if the PCB has a modest copper area connected to the LED's thermal pads. However, for high ambient temperatures, enclosed spaces, or if driving with pulses that exceed the DC rating, thermal analysis is necessary. The junction temperature must be kept as low as possible for maximum light output and lifespan.
. Practical Design and Usage Examples
Example 1: Dual-State Power Indicator:In a wall adapter, the LED can be connected to show green when a device is fully charged and drawing minimal current (controlled by the charging IC), and orange when the device is actively charging. A simple microcontroller or logic circuit can switch between driving pin pairs (1,3) and (2,4).
Example 2: Backlighting with Animation:In a gaming peripheral, multiple LTST-C295KGKFKT LEDs can be arranged in an array. By independently pulse-width modulating (PWM) the green and orange channels of each LED, a microcontroller can create dynamic color-changing and breathing lighting effects, all within a very thin profile constraint.
Example 3: Signal Strength Indicator:In a wireless module, the green LED could indicate strong signal (driven at full current), the orange LED could indicate weak signal (driven at full current), and both LEDs driven simultaneously at reduced currents could create an intermediate yellow color to indicate a medium signal level, providing three distinct states from one component.
. Operating Principle Introduction
Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are semiconductor devices that emit light through a process called electroluminescence. When a forward voltage is applied across the PN junction of the semiconductor material (in this case, AlInGaP), electrons from the N-type region and holes from the P-type region are injected into the active region. When these charge carriers (electrons and holes) recombine, they release energy. In a direct bandgap semiconductor like AlInGaP, this energy is released primarily in the form of photons (light). The specific wavelength (color) of the emitted light is determined by the bandgap energy of the semiconductor material, which is engineered during the crystal growth process. The green and orange colors in this device are achieved by slightly varying the composition of the Aluminum, Indium, Gallium, and Phosphide atoms in the respective chips, which changes the bandgap energy and thus the color of the emitted light.
. Technology Trends
The general trend in SMD LED technology continues toward higher efficiency (more lumens per watt), increased power density, and further miniaturization. There is also a strong drive toward improved color rendering and color consistency for lighting applications. For indicator and backlight LEDs, the trend includes integrating more features into the package, such as built-in current-limiting resistors, IC drivers for addressability (like WS2812-style \"smart LEDs\"), and even multiple colors beyond dual (e.g., RGB). The push for ultra-thin and flexible displays is also driving the development of even thinner package profiles and LEDs on flexible substrates. The use of advanced materials like GaN-on-Si (Gallium Nitride on Silicon) and micro-LED technology represents the cutting edge for future high-brightness, miniaturized displays.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |