LTST-S326KGKFKT LED Mai Launuka Biyu - SMD - Duban Gefe - Kore/Orange - 20mA - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTST-S326KGKFKT LED ne mai launuka biyu, Surface Mount Device (SMD) mai duban gefe. Ya haɗa da guntu biyu na AlInGaP daban-daban a cikin fakit ɗaya: ɗaya yana fitar da haske kore, ɗayan kuma yana fitar da haske orange. Wannan tsari yana ba da damar nuna alamomi ko sigina biyu daga kayan aiki ɗaya mai ƙarami. An ƙera na'urar don dacewa da tsarin haɗawa ta atomatik da dabarun gyaɗa marasa gubar (Pb-free).

1.1 Siffofi da Fa'idodi na Asali

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun samo asali ne daga fasahar kayan aiki da ƙirar fakit. Amfani da guntun AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) yana ba da ingantaccen ƙarfin haske, wanda ke haifar da fitarwa mai haske. Ƙirar ruwan tabarau mai duban gefe tana jagorantar haske a gefe, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikace inda ake ɗora LED a kai tsaye zuwa saman kallo, kamar a cikin allunan hasken gefe ko alamomin yanayi a gefen na'ura. Muhimman siffofi sun haɗa da bin ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hadari), igiyoyin da aka yi da tagulla don inganta gyaɗa, da kuma tattarawa akan reels na tef 8mm don ingantaccen haɗawa ta atomatik.

1.2 Aikace-aikace da Kasuwa da Ake Nufi

Ana nufin wannan ɓangaren zuwa kasuwar lantarki ta gabaɗaya. Aikace-aikacensa na yau da kullun sun haɗa da alamomin yanayi, hasken baya don maɓalli ko alamomi, da fitilun sigina masu launuka biyu a cikin kayan lantarki na masu amfani, kayan aikin ofis, na'urorin sadarwa, da kayan amfani na gida. Halin fitarwa ta gefe yana da mahimmanci musamman a cikin ƙirar da ke da ƙarancin sarari inda LED masu fuskantar gaba ba su dace ba.

2. Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha da Fassarar Manufa

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bayani game da iyakokin aiki da halayen aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayi (Ta=25°C).

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ba a nufin su don aiki na yau da kullun ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):72 mW a kowace guntu. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da za a iya tarwatsa a matsayin zafi a ci gaba. Wuce wannan iyaka yana haifar da haɗarin zafi da saurin lalacewa.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba na Gaba (I_FP):80 mA, wanda aka yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms). Wannan yana ba da damar ɗan gajeren lokaci na walƙiya mai ƙarfi.
• Ci gaba da Halin Gaba na Gaba (I_F):30 mA DC. Wannan shine shawarar matsakaicin halin yanzu don ci gaba da aiki don tabbatar da dogon lokacin aminci.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya sama da wannan na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:-30°C zuwa +85°C da -40°C zuwa +85°C, bi da bi. Na'urar na iya jure ajiyar da ba ta aiki ba a ƙananan yanayin zafi.
• Yanayin Zafi na Gyaɗa:Yana jure gyaɗa ta infrared reflow a matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C har zuwa dakika 10, wanda ya yi daidai da bayanan gyaɗa na Pb-free na gama gari.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan sigogi suna ayyana aikin na'urar a wurin aiki na yau da kullun na halin yanzu na gaba na 20 mA.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):Guntun kore yana da matsakaicin ƙarfi na 35.0 mcd (millicandela), tare da mafi ƙarancin 18.0 mcd. Guntun orange yana da haske, tare da matsakaicin ƙarfi na 90.0 mcd kuma mafi ƙarancin 28.0 mcd. Ana auna ƙarfi ta amfani da tacewa wanda ke kwaikwayon amsawar gani na idon ɗan adam (lanƙwasa CIE).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 130 (na al'ada). Wannan faɗin kusurwa yana nuna faɗaɗɗen tsarin fitarwa mai yaduwa wanda ya dace da hasken gefe.
• Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon:
  • Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P):574 nm (kore, na al'ada) da 611 nm (orange, na al'ada). Wannan shine tsawon tsawon lokacin da fitarwar bakan ta fi ƙarfi.
  • Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):571 nm (kore, na al'ada) da 605 nm (orange, na al'ada). Wannan shine tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane, wanda aka samo daga zanen launi na CIE, kuma ya fi bayyana launi.
  • Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):15 nm (kore) da 17 nm (orange, na al'ada). Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan; ƙunƙuntaccen bandwidth yana haifar da launuka masu cika.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):2.0 V na al'ada, 2.4 V matsakaici a 20 mA. Wannan ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki yana sa ya dace da da'irori na dabaru na 3.3V da 5V na gama gari, sau da yawa ba tare da buƙatar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu don nuna ƙarancin halin yanzu ba.
• Halin Baya (I_R):10 μA matsakaici a 5 V baya bias. Ana son ƙaramin halin baya.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaitaccen launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon aiki. LTST-S326KGKFKT yana amfani da tsarin binning na ƙarfin haske.

3.1 Binning na Ƙarfin Hasken

Ana rarraba fitarwar haske a 20 mA zuwa kwandon da aka gano ta lambar harafi. Kowane kwandon yana da mafi ƙarancin ƙima da matsakaicin ƙarfi, tare da ƙimar +/-15% da aka yarda a cikin kowane kwandon.

• Kwandon Guntun Kore:M (18.0-28.0 mcd), N (28.0-45.0 mcd), P (45.0-71.0 mcd), Q (71.0-112.0 mcd).
• Kwandon Guntun Orange:N (28.0-45.0 mcd), P (45.0-71.0 mcd), Q (71.0-112.0 mcd), R (112.0-180.0 mcd).

Wannan tsarin yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar kwandon wanda ya dace da takamaiman buƙatun haskensu. Misali, aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen hasken panel zai ƙayyade ƙunƙuntaccen kwandon kamar P ko Q don rage bambanci tsakanin raka'a.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lanƙwasa a cikin takardar bayanai (shafuka 6-7), abubuwan da suke nufi suna daidaitacce ga fasahar LED.

4.1 Halin Yanzu vs. Ƙarfin Hasken (I_VLanƙwasa)

Fitarwar hasken LED kusan daidai yake da halin yanzu na gaba a kan kewayon. Yin aiki sama da shawarar 20 mA zai ƙara haske amma kuma zai ƙara tarwatsewar wutar lantarki (zafi) kuma yana iya rage tsawon lokacin aiki. Matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu na bugun jini (80mA) yana ba da damar ɗan gajeren walƙiya mai haske ba tare da tarin zafi ba.

4.2 Dogaro da Yanayin Zafi

Aikin LED yana da hankali ga yanayin zafi. Yawanci, ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) yana raguwa kaɗan tare da ƙara yanayin zafi. Mafi mahimmanci, ƙarfin haske gabaɗaya yana raguwa yayin da yanayin zafi na haɗin gwiwa ya tashi. Gudanar da zafi mai kyau a cikin ƙirar PCB (misali, isasshen yanki na tagulla don nutsewar zafi) yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye daidaitaccen haske, musamman a cikin yanayin yanayi mai zafi ko a manyan halayen tuƙi.

4.3 Rarraba Bakan

Lanƙwasa na bakan da aka ambata zai nuna bayanin fitarwa na kowane guntu. An ƙayyade tsayin tsayi da tsayin tsayi, kuma lanƙwasa zai kwatanta faɗin bakan (Δλ). Guntun AlInGaP orange yawanci yana da faɗin bakan mafi faɗi fiye da kore, wanda ke nunawa a cikin ƙayyadaddun 17 nm vs. 15 nm.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakit

5.1 Girman Jiki da Halin Polarity

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen fakitin SMD na EIA. An ayyana aikin fil a sarari: Cathode 1 (C1) na guntun orange ne, kuma Cathode 2 (C2) na guntun kore ne. Anode na gama gari ba a yiwa lakabi a fili ba a cikin guntun amma yana daidaitacce ga irin wannan LED mai launuka biyu, anode na gama gari. Ruwan tabarau mai duban gefe shine babban siffa na injiniya.

5.2 Tsarin Ƙasar PCB da Aka Ba da Shawara

Takardar bayanai tana ba da shawarar girman kushin gyaɗa da alkibla. Bin waɗannan shawarwari yana da mahimmanci don cimma ingantattun haɗin gyaɗa, hana kabari (ɗayan ƙarshen ya tashi), da tabbatar da daidaitaccen jeri don fitar da hasken gefe. An ba da shawarar alkiblar gyaɗa don inganta tsarin reflow.

6. Jagororin Haɗawa, Gyaɗa, da Gudanarwa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Gyaɗa Reflow

An ba da cikakken shawarar bayanin reflow na infrared don hanyoyin Pb-free. Muhimman sigogi sun haɗa da yankin pre-heat (150-200°C), gangare mai sarrafawa zuwa matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C matsakaici, da lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (TAL) wanda ke tabbatar da ingantaccen samuwar haɗin gyaɗa ba tare da lalacewar zafi ga fakitin LED ba. Bayanin ya dogara ne akan ƙa'idodin JEDEC don tabbatar da aminci.

6.2 Gyaɗa da Hannu

Idan gyaɗa da hannu tare da ƙarfe ya zama dole, dole ne zafin jiki bai wuce 300°C ba, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar ya kamata a iyakance zuwa dakika 3 matsakaici don taron gyaɗa guda ɗaya. Yawan zafi ko lokaci na iya lalata haɗin waya na ciki ko ruwan tabarau na epoxy.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Dole ne a yi amfani da takamaiman wakilan tsaftacewa kawai. Abubuwan da ake ba da shawarar su ne barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a yanayin daki, tare da iyakance lokacin nutsewa zuwa ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Muggan ko sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba na iya haifar da rudani, gajimare, ko lalata ruwan tabarau na LED.

6.4 Ajiya da Hankalin Danshi

LED suna da hankali ga danshi. Reels da ba a buɗe ba, masu rufewa da masana'anta tare da busassun suna da tsawon rayuwa na shekara ɗaya lokacin da aka adana a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH. Da zarar an buɗe jakar hana danshi, ya kamata a adana abubuwan a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH kuma a yi amfani da su cikin mafi kyau a cikin mako guda. Don dogon ajiya a wajen ainihin marufi, dole ne a adana su a cikin busassun yanayi mai rufewa (misali, tare da busassun abu ko a cikin nitrogen) kuma suna iya buƙatar zagayen gasa (misali, 60°C na sa'o'i 20) kafin gyaɗa don hana lalacewar \"popcorning\" yayin reflow.

6.5 Kariya daga ESD (Fitar da Lantarki)

LED suna da saukin lalacewa daga fitar da lantarki. Dole ne a sami ingantattun sarrafawa na ESD a wurin yayin gudanarwa: yi amfani da igiyoyin wuyan hannu masu ƙasa, tabarma mai hana tashin hankali, da kuma tabbatar da cewa duk kayan aiki suna ƙasa da kyau.

7. Marufi da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana samar da samfurin akan tef mai faɗin 8mm mai ɗaukar hoto da aka yi wa reels mai diamita 7-inch (178mm). Kowane cikakken reel ya ƙunshi guda 3000. Ƙayyadaddun tef da reel sun yi daidai da ƙa'idodin ANSI/EIA-481 don tabbatar da dacewa da kayan aiki na atomatik. Mafi ƙarancin adadin oda na guda 500 ya shafi reels na ɓangare (ragowa). Marufi yana tabbatar da alkiblar ɓangaren kuma yana kare na'urorin yayin jigilar kaya da gudanarwa.

8. Abubuwan Ƙirar Aikace-aikace

8.1 Ƙirar Da'ira

Kusan koyaushe ana buƙatar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere tare da kowane guntu LED don saita halin yanzu na gaba. Ana iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Amfani da V na al'ada_Fna 2.0V da wanda ake so I_Fna 20mA daga wadataccen 5V: R = (5V - 2.0V) / 0.020A = 150 Ω. Ana iya amfani da ƙima kaɗan (misali, 180 Ω) don ƙara gefe da rage halin yanzu/wutar lantarki kaɗan. Don multiplexing ko tuƙi daga filin GPIO na microcontroller, tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin samar da halin yanzu/ nutsewa na filin bai wuce ba.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Yayin da tarwatsewar wutar lantarki ta yi ƙasa (72mW matsakaici a kowace guntu), ci gaba da aiki a matsakaicin ƙima a cikin babban yanayin zafi na iya haifar da yanayin zafi na haɗin gwiwa wanda ya wuce ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Samar da isasshen yanki na tagulla akan PCB a kusa da kushin LED yana taimakawa wajen tarwatsa zafi. Guji sanya LED kusa da wasu manyan tushen zafi.

8.3 Haɗin Gani

Dole ne a yi la'akari da fitarwa ta gefe na digiri 130 a cikin ƙirar injiniya. Jagororin haske, masu yaduwa, ko ramuka masu nunawa na iya zama dole don jagorantar ko siffanta fitarwar haske don tasirin gani da ake nufi. Zaɓin kwandon ƙarfi zai yi tasiri kai tsaye akan haske na ƙarshe.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban abubuwan da suka bambanta wannan ɓangaren shineƙarfin launuka biyu a cikin fakitin duban gefe. Idan aka kwatanta da LED masu launi ɗaya, yana adana sararin allo kuma yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa don nuna alamun launuka biyu. Idan aka kwatanta da LED masu fitarwa sama, yana magance takamaiman ƙalubalen shimfidar injiniya. Amfani da fasahar AlInGaP yana ba da inganci mafi girma da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na yanayin zafi fiye da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP don waɗannan launuka, wanda ke haifar da fitarwa mai haske da mafi daidaito.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

10.1 Shin Zan iya tuƙi launuka biyu lokaci guda?

Ee, amma dole ne ku yi la'akari da jimillar tarwatsewar wutar lantarki. Jimillar wutar lantarki na guntu biyu a matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba (30mA kowanne a ~2.0V) zai kasance kusan 120mW, wanda ya wuce ƙimar guntu ɗaya na 72mW. Dole ne a sarrafa jimillar zafi a cikin fakitin raba. Don dogon lokacin aiki mai aminci, yana da kyau a tuƙi guntu biyu a ƙaramin halin yanzu (misali, 15-20mA kowanne) idan za su kasance a kan lokaci guda na tsawon lokaci.

10.2 Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayi da tsayin tsayi?

Matsakaicin tsawon tsawon (λ_P) shine ma'aunin jiki na mafi girman matsayi akan lanƙwasa fitarwa na bakan. Matsakaicin tsawon tsawon (λ_d) ƙima ce da aka ƙididdige ta bisa yadda idon ɗan adam ya fahimci cakuda launi daga LED; shine tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya wanda ya fi dacewa da launin da aka gane. Don LED masu ƙunƙuntaccen bakan, sau da yawa suna kusa, amma λ_dya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi.

10.3 Me ya sa ake buƙatar tsarin gasa kafin gyaɗa?

Abubuwan SMD suna ɗaukar danshi daga iska. Yayin saurin dumama na gyaɗa reflow, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya yin tururi da fashewa, yana haifar da ɓarna na ciki, tsaga, ko \"popcorning.\" Gasawa tana cire wannan danshin da aka ɗauka, yana sa abubuwan su zama lafiya don babban tsarin reflow na zafi.

11. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki

Yanayi: Alamar Yanayi Biyu akan Router na Cibiyar Sadarwa.Router yana amfani da yankewa guda ɗaya akan bangarensa na gefe don nuna yanayi. Ana ɗora LTST-S326KGKFKT akan PCB kai tsaye bayan wannan yankewa. Microcontroller yana tuƙi LED: Kore mai ƙarfi yana nuna aiki na al'ada da haɗin cibiyar sadarwa. Walƙiya orange yana nuna ayyukan bayanai. Orange mai ƙarfi yana nuna kuskuren tsarin ko jerin boot-up. Wannan ƙira yana amfani da sawun ɓangare ɗaya don samar da jihohin gani guda uku masu haske, yana amfani da fitarwa ta gefe don ganin daga gaban na'urar, yana adana sarari da sauƙaƙa ƙirar gaban panel idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED guda biyu masu fitarwa sama.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Fasaha

LED diode ne na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin p-n, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman launin hasken yana ƙaddara ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor. AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) wani filastik ne na semiconductor wanda za'a iya daidaita bandgap ta hanyar bambanta ma'aunin abubuwan da ke cikinsa. Ga LTST-S326KGKFKT, an ƙera guntu ɗaya tare da bandgap daidai da hasken kore (~571 nm), wani kuma tare da bandgap daidai da hasken orange (~605 nm). Fakitin duban gefe ya haɗa da ruwan tabarau na epoxy wanda ke siffanta hasken da aka fitar zuwa wani faɗi, tsarin gefe.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗayan yanayin fasahar LED don aikace-aikacen nuna alama yana ci gaba zuwa ga inganci mafi girma (ƙarin fitarwar haske a kowace raka'a na wutar lantarki), wanda ke ba da damar ƙananan halayen aiki da rage amfani da wutar lantarki na tsarin. Hakanan akwai tuƙi don ƙananan ƙira yayin kiyayewa ko inganta aikin gani. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin kai shine muhimmin yanayi, kamar haɗa masu iyakance halin yanzu ko ICs direba a cikin fakitin LED da kansa don sauƙaƙe ƙirar da'ira. Yayin da wannan takamaiman takardar bayanai ke wakiltar samfurin da ya girma, sabbin abubuwan da ke cikin kasuwa na iya ƙunsar waɗannan ci gaba, suna ba masu ƙira ƙananan ƙarami, mafi inganci, da mafi sauƙin amfani da su don nuna yanayi da hasken panel.