LTST-S225KFKGKT-5A LED Mai Launuka Biyu (Orange/Green) - Takardun Bayani na Fasaha - Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTST-S225KFKGKT-5A na'urar fitar da haske ce (LED) da aka tsara don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani masu matsanancin sarari. Tana cikin iyalin kananan kayan aiki da aka inganta don tsarin hadawa na atomatik a kan allon da'ira (PCB). Wannan samfurin na musamman ya hada guntayen LED guda biyu a cikin fakitin guda daya, yana ba da damar yin aiki da launuka biyu daga wani karamin wuri.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Babbar fa'idar wannan kayan aiki ita ce hadakar girman sa da ikon yin launuka da yawa. An gina shi ta amfani da fasahar semiconductor mai haske sosai ta AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don duka fitilun orange da kore, wanda yawanci yana ba da inganci mafi girma da kwanciyar hankali mafi kyau idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaP na yau da kullun. Fakitin yana dauke da ruwan tabarau mai tsabta, wanda baya watsa hasken, yana mai da shi dacewa don aikace-aikacen kallon gefe inda ake nufin fitar da hasken a layi daya da saman PCB. Wannan tsarin ya dace sosai don hasken baya na maɓallan waya ko madannai, alamomin halin da ake ciki a cikin na'urorin hannu, da ƙananan nuni inda ake buƙatar jagorantar haske a gefe. Na'urar ta cika ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari) kuma an tsara ta don dacewa da hanyoyin siyar da guduro na infrared (IR), waɗanda suke daidai a cikin masana'antar kayan lantarki masu yawa. Kasuwannin da ake nufi sun haɗa da kayan aikin sadarwa (misali, wayoyin salula da maras igiya), na'urorin kwamfuta masu ɗaukuwa kamar littattafai, kayan aikin tsarin cibiyar sadarwa, kayan aikin gida iri-iri, da aikace-aikacen alamun cikin gida.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na mahimman ma'auni na aiki da aka ƙayyade don LTST-S225KFKGKT-5A, bisa ga daidaitattun yanayin gwaji a yanayin zafi (Ta) na 25°C.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na na'urar zai iya faruwa. Ba a nufin su don aiki na yau da kullun ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):50 mW a kowane guntun launi. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da za a iya canzawa zuwa zafi da haske ba tare da lalata LED ba. Wuce wannan iyaka yana haifar da haɗarin zafi mai gudu da gazawa.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba (I_F(PEAK)):40 mA, ana yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da zagayowar aiki 1/10 da faɗin bugun 0.1ms. Wannan yana ba da damar ɗan gajeren lokaci na haske mai girma, kamar a cikin alamun walƙiya.
• Ci gaba da Halin Gaba (I_F):20 mA DC. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin da aka ba da shawarar don ci gaba da aiki na tsayayye don tabbatar da dogon lokacin aminci da kiyaye ƙayyadaddun aikin gani.
• Kewayon Yanayin Aiki:-30°C zuwa +85°C. An tabbatar da cewa na'urar za ta yi aiki a cikin wannan kewayon yanayin zafi.
• Kewayon Yanayin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +85°C. Ana iya adana na'urar ba tare da amfani da wutar lantarki ba a cikin waɗannan iyakoki.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na aiki na yau da kullun da aka auna a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na al'ada (I_F= 5mA).

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):Wannan shine hasken da idon ɗan adam ya gani na LED. Don guntun Orange, mafi ƙanƙanta shine 18.0 mcd (millicandela), ba a ƙayyade na yau da kullun ba, kuma matsakaici shine 45.0 mcd. Don guntun Green, mafi ƙanƙanta shine 7.1 mcd kuma matsakaici shine 18.0 mcd. Ainihin ƙarfin da aka bayar ya faɗo cikin takamaiman kwandon shara (duba Sashe na 4).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 130 (na yau da kullun). Wannan faɗin kusurwar dubawa yana nuna LED tana fitar da haske a kan faɗin yanki, wanda shine halayen fakitin kallon gefe tare da ruwan tabarau mai tsabta. θ_1/2shine kusurwar da ba ta kan axis ba inda ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar sa akan axis.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P):Tsawon tsawon da ƙarfin fitarwa na gani ya fi girma. Ƙimar yau da kullun sune 611.0 nm (Orange) da 573.0 nm (Green).
• Mafi Rinjaye Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):Tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya wanda ya fi wakiltar launin da ake gani. Ƙimar yau da kullun sune 605.0 nm (Orange) da 571.0 nm (Green). An samo wannan ƙimar daga zanen launi na CIE.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):Faɗin hasken da aka fitar, wanda aka auna shi azaman cikakken faɗi a rabin matsakaicin (FWHM) na bakan. Ƙimar yau da kullun sune 17 nm (Orange) da 15 nm (Green), suna nuna launuka masu tsafta, cikakke.
• Ƙarfin Gaba (V_F):Ragewar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake gudanar da ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin lantarki. A 5mA, V_Fya kewayo daga mafi ƙanƙanta 1.7V zuwa matsakaici 2.5V ga duka launuka. Dole ne masu ƙira su tabbatar da cewa da'irar tuƙi za ta iya ɗaukar wannan kewayon.
• Juyin Halitta (I_R):Matsakaici 10 μA a juyin ƙarfin lantarki (V_R) na 5V. Wannan ma'auni don dalilai na gwaji kawai; ba a tsara LED don yin aiki a cikin juzu'in baya ba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Matsayi na Kwandon Shara

Don sarrafa bambance-bambancen samarwa, ana rarraba LED cikin kwandon shara na aiki. LTST-S225KFKGKT-5A yana amfani da tsarin kwandon shara don Ƙarfin Hasken.

3.1 Kwandon Shara na Ƙarfin Hasken

Ana gwada ƙarfin hasken kowane guntun launi kuma a raba shi cikin takamaiman kwandon shara tare da jurewar +/-15% a cikin kowane kwandon shara.

• Kwandon Shara na Guntun Orange:
  • Lambar Kwandon SharaM: Mafi ƙanƙanta 18.0 mcd, Matsakaici 28.0 mcd.
  • Lambar Kwandon SharaN: Mafi ƙanƙanta 28.0 mcd, Matsakaici 45.0 mcd.
• Kwandon Shara na Guntun Green:
  • Lambar Kwandon SharaK: Mafi ƙanƙanta 7.1 mcd, Matsakaici 11.2 mcd.
  • Lambar Kwandon SharaL: Mafi ƙanƙanta 11.2 mcd, Matsakaici 18.0 mcd.

Wannan kwandon shara yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar abubuwan da ke da matakan haske masu daidaito don aikace-aikacensu, wanda yake da mahimmanci don cimma kamanni iri ɗaya a cikin jerin LED da yawa ko alamomi.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

4.1 Girman Fakitin da Aikin Fil

LED ya yi daidai da daidaitaccen fakitin EIA. Duk ma'auni suna cikin milimita tare da daidaitaccen jurewar ±0.1 mm sai dai idan an lura da haka. Fakitin nau'in kallon gefe ne, ma'ana babban fitar da haske yana layi daya da jirgin sama na hawa. Aikin fil yana da mahimmanci don aikin daidai: Fil 1 da 2 an sanya su ga guntun LED Green, yayin da Fil 3 da 4 aka sanya su ga guntun LED Orange. Dole ne masu ƙira su koma zuwa cikakken zanen ma'auni a cikin takardar bayani don daidaitaccen sanya filayen guduro akan PCB.

4.2 Ƙirar Fil ɗin PCB da aka Ba da Shawara da Ƙaddara

Takardun bayani ya haɗa da shawarar tsarin ƙasa (tsarin fil ɗin guduro) don PCB. Bin wannan shawarar yana da mahimmanci don cimma haɗin guduro mai dogaro, daidaitaccen daidaitawa, da kuma kawar da zafi mai inganci yayin aikin sake kwarara. Ƙirar fil ɗin kuma tana taimakawa wajen daidaita kansa na kayan aiki yayin siyarwa. Ana nuna fil ɗin cathode ta hanyar alama akan fakitin LED da kansa (kamar tsaga ko digo), wanda dole ne ya yi daidai da alamar da ta dace akan silkscreen na PCB.

5. Jagororin Siyarwa da Hada

5.1 Ma'auni na Siyar da Sake Kwarara na IR

An ƙididdige kayan aikin don hanyoyin siyar da guduro maras gubar (Pb-free). Shawarar yanayin sake kwarara na infrared shine matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10. An ba da samfurin bayanin zafin jiki wanda ya dace da ma'auni na JEDEC a matsayin manufa ta gaba ɗaya. Manyan matakai sun haɗa da yankin pre-heat (150-200°C har zuwa dakika 120) don dumama allon a hankali da kunna man guduro, sannan yankin sake kwarara inda zafin jiki ya kai kololuwa. Yana da mahimmanci a bi ƙayyadaddun masana'anta na man guduro da iyakokin bayanan JEDEC don guje wa girgizar zafi, rabuwa, ko lalata tsarin ciki na LED. Kada a yi wa na'urar sama da zagayowar sake kwarara biyu.

5.2 Siyar da Hannu (Ƙarfe na Siyarwa)

Idan siyar da hannu ya zama dole, dole ne a yi taka tsantsan. Matsakaicin zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe da aka ba da shawarar shine 300°C, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar kowane jagora ya kamata a iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin dakika 3. Wannan ya kamata a yi sau ɗaya kawai don hana matsanancin damuwa na zafi.

5.3 Yanayin Ajiya da Sarrafawa

Sarrafa daidai yana da mahimmanci ga dogaro. LED suna da hankali ga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD). Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da abin wuya ko safofin hannu masu hana tashin hankali kuma a tabbatar da cewa duk kayan aiki suna ƙasa. Don ajiya, buhunan hana danshi da ba a buɗe ba (tare da busasshiyar abu) yakamata a kiyaye su a ≤30°C da ≤90% Danshi na Dangi (RH), tare da shawarar rayuwar shiryayye na shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe jakar, an ƙididdige abubuwan a matakin Hankalin Danshi (MSL) 3, ma'ana dole ne a yi musu siyar da sake kwarara a cikin sa'o'i 168 (mako guda) na fallasa zuwa yanayi na ≤30°C/60% RH. Idan an fallasa na tsawon lokaci, ana buƙatar gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin siyarwa don cire danshin da aka sha da hana \"popcorning\" (fashewar fakitin yayin sake kwarara).

5.4 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan siyarwa, kawai takamaiman kaushi na barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol (IPA) ko ethyl alcohol yakamata a yi amfani da su. Yakamata a nutsar da LED a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Masu tsaftacewa na sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko fakitin.

6. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda

6.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kaset da Reel

Ana ba da LED ɗin da aka shirya don haɗawa ta atomatik. An ɗora su a cikin kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin milimita 8 akan reels masu diamita inci 7 (178mm). Matsakaicin adadin reel shine guda 4000. Don sauran adadi, mafi ƙarancin girman fakitin da za a iya oda shine guda 500. Fakitin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481. Kaset ɗin yana da murfin kaset don rufe aljihun kayan aiki, kuma akwai ƙayyadaddun cewa ba za a iya samun aljihun kayan aiki biyu a jere ba.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

7.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Kowane guntun LED (Green da Orange) dole ne a tuƙa su da kansu. Dole ne a yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa na jeri don kowane guntun don saita ƙarfin aiki da kare LED daga wuce gona da iri. Ƙimar resistor (R_series) za a iya ƙididdige ta ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_series= (V_supply- V_F) / I_F. Tunda V_Fzai iya bambanta daga 1.7V zuwa 2.5V, lissafin ya kamata ya yi amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdon tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin lantarki baya wuce matakin da ake so a ƙarƙashin mafi munin yanayi. Don samar da 5V da manufa I_Fna 5mA, ta amfani da V_F(max)=2.5V yana ba R_series= (5V - 2.5V) / 0.005A = 500Ω. Daidaitaccen resistor na 510Ω zai zama zaɓi mai dacewa. Don haske mafi girma a 20mA, lissafin zai bambanta. Ana iya tuƙa LED guda biyu daga filayen GPIO na microcontroller daban-daban ko da'irori na dabaru.

7.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake raguwar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa (50mW a kowane guntun), ingantaccen sarrafa zafi akan PCB har yanzu yana da mahimmanci don tsawon rai da kwanciyar hankali. Tabbatar da an yi amfani da ƙirar fil ɗin guduro da aka ba da shawarar yana taimakawa wajen fitar da zafi daga haɗin LED zuwa tagulla na PCB. Guji sanya LED a cikin wuraren da aka rufe ba tare da iska ba, musamman idan ana aiki da ƙarfi mafi girma ko a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma.

7.3 Ƙirar Gani

Ruwan tabarau mai kallon gefe, mai tsabta yana samar da faɗin kusurwar dubawa (130°). Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarin haske ko watsa haske, jagororin haske na waje, ruwan tabarau, ko fina-finai masu watsawa na iya zama dole. Ruwan tabarau mai tsabta ya dace da aikace-aikacen inda LED da kansa ba a gani kai tsaye amma ana tafiyar da haskensa, kamar a cikin allunan da aka haskaka gefe ko bututun haske.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Mahimman bambance-bambancen LTST-S225KFKGKT-5A shine ikonsa na launuka biyu a cikin fakitin kallon gefe guda ɗaya, ƙanana da kuma amfani da fasahar AlInGaP don duka launuka. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LED masu launuka biyu waɗanda za su iya amfani da tsarin kayan daban-daban (misali, GaP don kore), yin amfani da AlInGaP don duka biyun na iya ba da halayen ƙarfin gaba mafi daidaito da yuwuwar inganci mafi girma. Tsarin siffar kallon gefe ya bambanta da LED na kallon sama kuma an tsara shi musamman don aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar fitar da haske a layi daya da allon, yana adana sararin samaniya a tsaye. Dacewarsa da daidaitaccen sake kwarara na IR da fakitin kaset-da-reel ya sa ya zama mafita mai saukowa don manyan layukan samarwa ta atomatik.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa duka LED Orange da Green a lokaci guda a matsakaicin ƙarfinsu na DC na 20mA kowanne?

A: I, amma dole ne ku yi la'akari da jimillar raguwar wutar lantarki. A 20mA da V na yau da kullun_Fna ~2.1V, kowane guntun yana ɓarna kusan 42mW. Aiki lokaci guda zai nufin jimillar ɓarna daga fakitin kusan 84mW. Duk da yake wannan yana ƙasa da jimillar matsakaicin kowane mutum (50mW+50mW=100mW), yana kusantar iyaka. Gudanar da zafi da yanayin yanayi sun zama mahimman abubuwa don dogon lokaci mai aminci a wannan yanayin.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin Tsawon Tsawon Kololuwa da Tsawon Tsawon Rinjaye?

A: Tsawon Tsawon Kololuwa (λ_P) shine ma'aunin zahiri na tsawon tsawon inda ƙarfin fitarwa na gani ya fi girma. Tsawon Tsawon Rinjaye (λ_d) ƙimar lissafi ce daga ma'aunin launi wanda ke wakiltar tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gani launin ya kasance. Don LED masu kunkuntar bakan, sau da yawa suna kusa, amma λ_dshine mafi dacewa ma'auni don ƙayyadaddun launi a cikin nuni ko alamomi.

Q: Takardun bayani ta ambaci \"yanayin juyin ƙarfin lantarki ana amfani da shi don gwajin IR kawai.\" Me wannan ke nufi?

A: Wannan bayani ne. Ma'auni I_R(Juyin Halitta) ana auna shi ta hanyar amfani da juzu'in baya na 5V yayin gwajin masana'anta don duba zubewa. Duk da haka, LED diode ne kuma ba a tsara shi don yin aiki a cikin juzu'in baya a ainihin aikace-aikacen ba. Yin amfani da juyin ƙarfin lantarki a cikin da'ira na iya lalata na'urar.

10. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki

Yanayi: Alamar Halin Biyu don Router na Cibiyar Sadarwa

Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙirar router mai ƙarami tare da LED guda biyu na halin da ake ciki (Wutar Lantarki da Ayyukan Cibiyar Sadarwa) amma sarari don kayan LED guda ɗaya kawai akan allon. LTST-S225KFKGKT-5A shine mafita mai dacewa.

Ai watar:An sanya guntun Green a matsayin alamar \"Wutar Lantarki\" (a tsaye lokacin da aka kunna wutar lantarki). An sanya guntun Orange a matsayin alamar \"Ayyukan Cibiyar Sadarwa\" (walƙiya akan zirga-zirgar bayanai). Ana amfani da filayen GPIO daban-daban guda biyu daga babban microcontroller na router, kowanne yana haɗa ta hanyar resistor mai iyakancewa na 510Ω zuwa anode na guntun LED ɗin da ya dace. An haɗa cathodes zuwa ƙasa. Fitarwar kallon gefe yana ba da damar haɗa hasken zuwa cikin bututun haske guda ɗaya, ƙarami wanda ke tafiyar da shi zuwa gaban allon. Wannan ƙirar tana adana sararin allon, tana rage adadin sassa, kuma tana ba da bayanan halin da ake ciki masu bayyanawa, masu launi daban-daban.

11. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Diodes Masu Fitar da Hasken (LED) na'urorin semiconductor ne waɗanda ke fitar da haske ta hanyar electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin gaba a kan haɗin p-n na kayan semiconductor (a wannan yanayin, AlInGaP), ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yankin haɗin gwiwa. Waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsawon tsawon (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor. AlInGaP yana da bandgap wanda ya dace don samar da haske a cikin jajayen, orange, da rawayan sassan bakan, kuma tare da takamaiman doping, zai iya samar da hasken kore. Fakitin kallon gefe ya haɗa da guntun semiconductor da aka ɗora akan firam ɗin jagora, an ɗaure shi da waya, kuma an rufe shi a cikin epoxy mai tsabta wanda ke samar da ruwan tabarau, yana jagorantar fitar da haske a gefe.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗayan yanayin a cikin SMD LED kamar wannan yana zuwa ga ci gaba da ƙanƙanta, ƙara inganci (ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace watt na shigar da wutar lantarki), da ƙarin dogaro. Karɓar AlInGaP don fitilun kore, kamar yadda aka gani a nan, yana wakiltar motsi daga tsofaffin kayan, marasa inganci. Bugu da ƙari, ana ƙara mai da hankali kan daidaitaccen kwandon shara da matsananciyar jurewa don biyan buƙatun aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton launi mai girma, kamar cikakkun nuni masu launi da aka haɗa daga LED daban-daban. Ci gaban fakitin kuma yana mai da hankali kan inganta aikin thermal don ba da damar ƙarin ƙarfin tuƙi a cikin ƙananan fakitin da haɓaka dacewa tare da hanyoyin siyar da guduro maras gubar, mai zafi.