LTST-C195TBKFKT LED Mai Launuka Biyu SMD - Shudi & Orange - 20mA/30mA Na Yanzu - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

LTST-C195TBKFKT wata LED ce mai launuka biyu, mai haskakawa, wacce ake hawa a saman allon (SMD). Tana hada guntu biyu daban-daban na semiconductor a cikin daidaitaccen kunshin EIA guda daya: guntu na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) don fitar da hasken shudi da guntu na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don fitar da hasken orange. Wannan zane yana ba da damar samar da launuka biyu daban-daban daga wani kayan aiki mai kankanta, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga alamomin halin da ake ciki, hasken baya, da hasken kayan ado inda sarari ya yi karanci. Ana kunna kayan aikin a kan tef mai tsawon milimita 8 wanda aka nannade a kan reels masu diamita inci 7, wanda ya sa ya dace sosai da kayan aikin sarrafa kayan lantarki na zamani masu sauri da aka yi amfani da su wajen kera kayan lantarki.

2. Zurfin Fahimtar Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsayin Iyaka

Wadannan ma'auni suna bayyana iyakokin da wucewa da su zai iya haifar da lalacewa mai dorewa ga kayan aikin. Ga guntu na Shudi, matsakaicin ci gaba na DC na yanzu shine 20 mA, tare da iyakar watsar da wutar lantarki na 76 mW. Guntu na Orange yana da mafi girman ma'aunin DC na yanzu na 30 mA da iyakar watsar wutar lantarki na 75 mW. Dukansu guntu suna raba matsakaicin karfin wutar lantarki na 5V, amma an lura cewa ba a yarda da ci gaba da aiki a karkashin karfin wutar lantarki ba. Kayan aikin na iya jure tsautsayi na gajeren lokaci; guntu na Shudi yana sarrafa matsakaicin karfin wutar lantarki na 100 mA (a cikin 1/10 na aikin, bugun jini na 0.1ms), yayin da guntu na Orange ke sarrafa 80 mA a karkashin irin wannan yanayin. Ana bayyana kewayon zafin jiki daga -20°C zuwa +80°C, kuma kewayon ajiya daga -30°C zuwa +100°C.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da Na Gani

An auna a daidaitaccen zafin yanayi na 25°C da karfin wutar lantarki (IF) na 20 mA, an bayyana mahimman ma'auni na aiki. Karfin haske (Iv) na guntu na Shudi ya kasance daga mafi kankanta na 28.0 mcd zuwa mafi girma na 180 mcd, tare da kimar da aka saba amfani da su a cikin wannan kewayon. Guntu na Orange yana da mafi girman karfin haske na 45.0 mcd, tare da mafi girma 180 mcd. Karfin wutar lantarki (VF) wani muhimmin ma'auni ne don zanen kewaye. Ga guntu na Shudi, VF yakan auna 3.30V, daga 2.90V (Mafi kankanta) zuwa 3.50V (Mafi girma). Guntu na Orange yana aiki a karamin karfin wutar lantarki, tare da VF na 2.00V da kewayon daga 1.80V zuwa 2.40V. Dukansu LED suna da kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) mai fadi sosai na digiri 130, suna samar da tsarin haske mai fadi. Fitowar hasken guntu na Shudi yana tsakiya a kusa da madaidaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λP) na 468 nm da madaidaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd) na 470 nm, tare da faɗin raƙuman ruwa (Δλ) na 25 nm. Guntu na Orange yana fitar da haske a madaidaicin 611 nm, madaidaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa na 605 nm, da kuma kunkuntar faɗin raƙuman ruwa na 17 nm.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samar da yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa rukunoni na aiki. Wannan takardar bayanai tana bayyana rukunoni don karfin wutar lantarki da karfin haske.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Karfin Wutar Lantarki (Guntu na Shudi)

Karfin wutar lantarki na guntu na Shudi a 20mA an rarraba shi zuwa rukunoni masu lakabin 12 zuwa 17. Kowane rukuni ya ƙunshi kewayon 0.1V, farawa daga 2.90-3.00V (Rukuni 12) har zuwa 3.40-3.50V (Rukuni 17). Tolerancin a cikin kowane rukuni shine +/-0.1V. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar LED tare da daidaitattun raguwar karfin wutar lantarki don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen haske a cikin tsararrun layi daya.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Karfin Hasken Gani

Dukansu guntu na Shudi da Orange an rarraba su don fitar da haske. Ga guntu na Shudi, an yiwa rukunoni lakabi N, P, Q, da R, tare da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin haske daga 28.0 mcd (N) zuwa 112.0 mcd (R). Guntu na Orange yana amfani da rukunoni P, Q, da R, farawa daga mafi ƙarancin 45.0 mcd (P). Matsakaicin mafi girman rukuni (R) shine 180 mcd ga duka launuka biyu. Tolerancin +/-15% ya shafi kowane rukuni na ƙarfin haske. Wannan tsarin yana ba da damar zaɓi bisa matakan haske da ake buƙata don aikace-aikace daban-daban.

4. Bincike akan Lankwasa na Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lankwasa na hoto a cikin takardar bayanai (misali, Hoto na 1 don fitarwa na raƙuman ruwa, Hoto na 6 don kusurwar kallo), ana iya bayyana halayensu na yau da kullun. Dangantakar tsakanin karfin wutar lantarki (IF) da karfin wutar lantarki (VF) tana da yawa, kamar yadda dokar diode ta bayyana. Karfin haske na duka guntu biyu yana daidai da kusan karfin wutar lantarki a cikin kewayon aikin da aka ba da shawarar. Duk da haka, inganci na iya raguwa a cikin manyan karfin wutar lantarki saboda karuwar zafi. Madaidaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa da madaidaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa gabaɗaya suna da ƙarfi tare da karfin wutar lantarki amma suna iya samun ƙananan canje-canje tare da canje-canjen zafi masu mahimmanci. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 130 yana nuna tsarin radiation na Lambertian ko kusa da Lambertian, inda ƙarfin haske ya fi girma a tsakiya kuma yana raguwa bisa ga cosine na kusurwar kallo.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

LED ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen kunshin SMD na masana'antu. An ba da cikakkun zane-zane masu girma, suna ƙayyadaddun tsayi, faɗi, tsayi, da wurin ajiye solder. Kayan aikin yana da fil 4 (1, 2, 3, 4). Ga LTST-C195TBKFKT, an sanya fil 1 da 3 ga anode da cathode na guntu na Shudi, yayin da an sanya fil 2 da 4 ga guntu na Orange. Alamar polarity, kamar notch ko alamar cathode, yawanci ana haɗa su a cikin zanen kunshin don tabbatar da daidaitaccen yanayin yayin haɗawa. Ana samar da kayan aikin a cikin tef mai ɗaukar hoto tare da murfin kariya, wanda aka nannade akan daidaitaccen reel na inci 7 wanda ke ɗauke da guda 4000.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanan Solder na Reflow

Takardar bayanai tana ba da shawarwarin bayanan infrared (IR) reflow don duka tsarin solder na al'ada (tin-lead) da maras gubar (Pb-free). Don haɗin maras gubar ta amfani da manna solder SAC (Sn-Ag-Cu), bayanin dole ne ya tabbatar da cewa matsakaicin zafin jikin kunshin bai wuce 260°C ba, kuma lokacin da ya wuce 240°C yana da iyaka. Matakin sarrafa pre-heat da haɓakawa yana da mahimmanci don hana girgizar zafi. An kuma ƙididdige LED don solder na igiyar ruwa (260°C matsakaicin na dakika 5) da solder na lokacin tururi (215°C na mintuna 3).

6.2 Ajiya da Sarrafawa

Ya kamata a adana LED a cikin yanayin da bai wuce 30°C da 70% zafi ba. Da zarar an cire su daga ainihin kunshin shinge na danshi, ya kamata a yi musu solder reflow a cikin mako guda. Idan ajiya fiye da mako guda ya zama dole, dole ne a adana kayan aikin a cikin yanayi mai bushewa (misali, akwati mai rufi tare da desiccant ko nitrogen desiccator) kuma a gasa su a kusan 60°C na akalla awanni 24 kafin solder don cire danshin da aka sha da hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi. Takardar bayanai ta ba da shawarar nutsar da cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin jiki na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Masu tsabtace sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy na LED ko kunshin.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

Daidaitaccen kunshin shine reel na inci 7 tare da guda 4000. An karɓi mafi ƙarancin adadin oda na guda 500 don sauran adadin. Bayanan tef da reel suna bin ka'idojin ANSI/EIA 481-1-A-1994. Lambar sashi LTST-C195TBKFKT tana bin tsarin lambobin sirri na masana'anta, inda abubuwa da alama ke nuna jerin (C195), launi (TB don launi biyu Shudi/Orange), nau'in ruwan tabarau (K don bayyananne), da kunshin (FKT don tef da reel).

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED mai launuka biyu ya dace sosai don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nuni na halin launuka biyu, kamar wuta a kunne/tsaye, caji/cikakke, ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa, ko siginar kuskuren tsarin/gargadi. Ana iya amfani da shi a cikin kayan lantarki na mabukaci (na'urorin hanyar sadarwa, masu caji, kayan aikin sauti), allunan sarrafa masana'antu, hasken cikin mota, da alamun kasuwanci. Faɗin kusurwar kallo ya sa ya dace da alamun allon gaba waɗanda ke buƙatar ganin su daga kusurwoyi daban-daban.

8.2 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da su a Zane

Kewaye na Tuƙi:LED na'urori ne masu tuƙi na yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaitaccen haske, musamman lokacin da aka haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya, dole ne a sanya resistor mai iyakancewa a cikin jerin tare da kowane LED. Yin amfani da resistor guda ɗaya don LED da yawa a layi daya (Tsarin Kewaye B a cikin takardar bayanai) ba a ba da shawarar ba saboda bambance-bambance a cikin karfin wutar lantarki (Vf) na kowane LED, wanda zai haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin karfin wutar lantarki don haka haske. Kewaye da aka ba da shawarar (Tsarin A) yana amfani da resistor ɗaya ga kowane LED.

Watsar da Wutar Lantarki:Dole ne a mutunta matsakaicin ƙimar wutar lantarki (76 mW na Shudi, 75 mW na Orange). A matsakaicin karfin wutar lantarki na DC da aka ba da shawarar (20mA Shudi, 30mA Orange), wutar lantarki da aka watsar shine Vf * If. Ta amfani da Vf na yau da kullun, wannan shine 66 mW na Shudi (3.3V*20mA) da 60 mW na Orange (2.0V*30mA), waɗanda ke cikin iyakoki. Dole ne masu zane su yi la'akari da ƙimar raguwa (0.25 mA/°C na Shudi, 0.4 mA/°C na Orange daga 25°C) lokacin aiki a manyan yanayin zafi.

Kariya daga ESD:Wadannan LED suna da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki (ESD). Dole ne a aiwatar da duk hanyoyin sarrafawa da haɗawa a cikin yanki mai kariya daga ESD ta amfani da abin wuya na ƙasa, tabarma masu ɗaukar wutar lantarki, da kayan aikin da aka kafa da kyau. Kayan aikin da kansu bazai ƙunshi diodes na kariya daga ESD ba.

9. Kwatancin Fasaha

Babban abin da ya bambanta wannan samfurin shine haɗa guntu biyu masu inganci, masu haske sosai (InGaN don Shudi, AlInGaP don Orange) a cikin daidaitaccen kunshin SMD guda ɗaya. Idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED guda biyu masu launi ɗaya, wannan yana adana sararin PCB, yana rage adadin abubuwan, kuma yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa. Fasahar InGaN tana ba da hasken shudi mai inganci, yayin da AlInGaP aka sani da inganci a cikin bakan ja-orange-amber. Haɗin yana ba da kyakkyawar bambanci launi tsakanin jihohi biyu. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 130 fa'ida ce mai dorewa don aikace-aikacen nuni akan LED masu kunkuntar kusurwa waɗanda aka tsara don hasken da aka mayar da hankali.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙi duka guntu na Shudi da Orange lokaci guda?

A: Takardar bayanai ta ƙayyade ma'auni ga kowane guntu da kansa. Yayin da yana yiwuwa a zahiri, tuƙi duka a cikin cikakken karfin wutar lantarki lokaci guda zai iya wuce iyakokin watsar da wutar lantarki na kunshin gabaɗaya kuma ba a bayyana shi ba. Amfani na yau da kullun shine canzawa tsakanin launuka biyu.

Q: Me yasa ake buƙatar resistor na jerin ga kowane LED ko da karfin wutar lantarki ya dace da Vf?

A: Karfin wutar lantarki (Vf) yana da kewayon (misali, 2.9V zuwa 3.5V na Shudi). Wadata "3.3V" na iya zama cikakke ga LED tare da Vf na 3.3V na yau da kullun amma zai haifar da karfin wutar lantarki mai yawa a cikin LED tare da Vf na 2.9V, yana iya lalata shi. Resistor yana saita karfin wutar lantarki daidai ba tare da la'akari da ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin Vf ko karfin wutar lantarki ba.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin madaidaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa da madaidaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa?

A: Madaidaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λP) shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya wanda bakan fitarwa yake da mafi girman ƙarfinsa. Madaidaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd) an samo shi daga ma'auni na launi akan zanen launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar launin da ake gani—tsayin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya wanda zai dace da launin LED ga idon ɗan adam. Ga LED masu launi guda ɗaya, sau da yawa suna kusa; don faɗin bakan, suna iya bambanta.

11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Alamar Halin Biyu don Cibiyar USB

Mai zane yana ƙirƙirar cibiyar USB mai kankanta. Suna buƙatar LED ɗaya don nuna wutar lantarki (Orange mai tsayayye) da wani don nuna ayyukan bayanai (flickering Blue). Ta amfani da LTST-C195TBKFKT, za su iya cimma wannan tare da wurin kayan aiki guda ɗaya. Tsarin PCB ya haɗa da filaye huɗu da resistors biyu masu iyakancewa—ɗaya da aka lissafta don Orange LED a 30mA (misali, (5V - 2.0V)/0.03A = 100Ω) da ɗaya don Blue LED a 20mA (misali, (5V - 3.3V)/0.02A = 85Ω). Microcontroller yana tuƙi fil ɗin da ya dace zuwa ƙasa don kunna kowane launi. Wannan yana adana sarari, yana rage farashin BOM, kuma yana ba da kyakkyawan kyan gani, ƙwararren kamanni tare da launuka biyu daban-daban daga wuri guda.

12. Gabatarwa akan Ka'ida

Fitowar haske a cikin LED yana dogara ne akan electroluminescence a cikin kayan semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da karfin wutar lantarki a kan mahaɗin p-n, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Tsayin raƙuman ruwa (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor. InGaN yana da faɗin bandgap, yana samar da photons masu ƙarfi a cikin bakan shudi. AlInGaP yana da ƙaramin bandgap, yana samar da photons masu ƙarancin makamashi a cikin bakan ja/orange. Ruwan tabarau na epoxy yana aiki don kare guntu, daidaita fitar da hasken fitarwa, da haɓaka fitar da haske.

13. Trends na Ci Gaba

Trend a cikin SMD indicator LED yana ci gaba zuwa ga inganci mafi girma (ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace watt na shigar da wutar lantarki), yana ba da damar rage amfani da wutar lantarki da rage samar da zafi. Ƙananan ƙira wani muhimmin trend ne, tare da kunshin da ke zama ƙanana yayin kiyayewa ko inganta aikin gani. Har ila yau, ana ƙara mayar da hankali kan ingantacciyar daidaiton launi da matsananciyar ƙimar rarrabuwa don biyan buƙatun aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar kamanni iri ɗaya, kamar nunin launi cikakke da hasken gine-gine. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin kai yana ƙaruwa, tare da ƙarin kunshin guntu da yawa (kamar wannan LED mai launuka biyu) har ma da kunshin da ke haɗa ICs na sarrafawa (kamar RGB LED masu adireshi) suna zama gama gari don sauƙaƙa tsarin tsarin.