Bayanin Fasaha na Dual Color SMD LED LTST-C195TBJRKT-2A - Girman Kunshin - Blue 3.0V / Red 2.0V - 20mA/30mA

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na LED mai haske mai ƙarfi, mai launi biyu na Surface-Mount Device (SMD). Kayan haɗin ya haɗa da guntu biyu daban-daban na semiconductor a cikin kunshi ɗaya: ɗaya yana fitar da hasken shuɗi ɗayan kuma yana fitar da hasken ja. An tsara wannan ƙirar don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙaramin alama ko hanyoyin haske masu launi biyu. Na'urar tana bin umarnin RoHS kuma an rarraba ta a matsayin samfurin kore. Ana ba da ita a cikin kaset ɗin 8mm na masana'antu akan reels na inci 7, yana sauƙaƙe dacewa da kayan aikin taro na atomatik da hanyoyin samarwa masu yawa.

1.1 Siffofi na Asali da Aikace-aikacen Manufa

Manyan siffofi na wannan LED sun haɗa da fitowar sa mai ƙarfi ta amfani da fasahar InGaN don fitar da shuɗi da fasahar AlInGaP don fitar da ja. Wannan haɗin yana ba da ingantaccen haske. Kunshin ya yi daidai da ƙa'idodin EIA, yana tabbatar da dacewa mai faɗi. An tsara na'urar don sarrafa ta ta hanyar haɗaɗɗun da'irori (I.C. compatible) kuma tana iya jurewa daidaitattun hanyoyin gishiri na infrared (IR) da tururi, wanda ya sa ta dace da layukan taro na PCB na zamani. Aikace-aikacen yau da kullun sun haɗa da na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, kwamitocin sarrafa masana'antu, hasken ciki na mota, alamomin yanayi a cikin na'urorin sadarwa, da hasken baya don maɓalli ko nunin inda ake buƙatar aikin launi biyu.

2. Cikakken Bayanin Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Iyakar Ƙimar Aiki

Yin amfani da na'urar fiye da waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin. A yanayin zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C, matsakaicin raguwar wutar lantarki shine 76 mW don guntun shuɗi da 75 mW don guntun ja. Matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba, wanda aka yarda da shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, 0.1ms faɗin bugun jini), shine 100 mA don shuɗi da 80 mA don ja. Matsakaicin ci gaba na DC na gaba shine 20 mA don LED shuɗi da 30 mA don LED ja. An ƙayyade ma'aunin raguwa na layi: 0.25 mA/°C don shuɗi da 0.4 mA/°C don ja, ma'ana matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC yana raguwa yayin da yanayin yanayi ya tashi sama da 25°C. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya don duka launuka shine 5V, ko da yake an haramta ci gaba da aiki a ƙarƙashin karkatar da baya. Ana iya adana na'urar kuma a yi amfani da ita a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na -55°C zuwa +85°C.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Duk ma'auni an bayyana su a Ta=25°C da daidaitaccen gwajin gwaji (IF) na 2mA. Ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana da mafi ƙarancin ƙimar 4.50 mcd don duka launuka. Ƙimar al'ada shine 20.0 mcd don shuɗi da 18.0 mcd don ja. Kallon kusurwa (2θ1/2), inda ƙarfin ya rabi ƙimar kan-axis, yawanci digiri 130 ne ga duka masu fitarwa, yana ba da tsarin haske mai faɗi. LED shuɗi yana da matsakaicin tsayin tsayin fitarwa (λP) na 468 nm da tsayin tsayin (λd) na 470 nm. LED ja yana da na al'ada λP na 639 nm da λd na 631 nm. Rabin layin bakan (Δλ) shine 25 nm don shuɗi da 20 nm don ja. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) yawanci shine 3.00V don shuɗi (max 3.15V) da 2.00V don ja (max 2.20V) a 2mA. Matsakaicin halin yanzu na baya (IR) a VR=5V shine 10 µA ga duka.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon aiki. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar abubuwan haɗin da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun da'ira.

3.1 Binning Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (LED Shuɗi)

Ana rarraba guntu LED shuɗi bisa ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a 2mA. Bin code E6 ya ƙunshi 2.55V zuwa 2.75V, E7 ya ƙunshi 2.75V zuwa 2.95V, kuma E8 ya ƙunshi 2.95V zuwa 3.15V. Ana amfani da jurewar ±0.1V ga kowane kwandon.

3.2 Binning Ƙarfin Hasken

Duka LED shuɗi da ja suna raba tsarin binning ƙarfin haske iri ɗaya a 2mA. Bin code J ya ƙunshi 4.50 zuwa 7.10 mcd, K ya ƙunshi 7.10 zuwa 11.2 mcd, L ya ƙunshi 11.2 zuwa 18.0 mcd, kuma M ya ƙunshi 18.0 zuwa 28.0 mcd. Ana amfani da jurewar ±15% ga kowane kwandon ƙarfi.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Bayanin bayanin yana nuni zuwa lanƙwasa halaye na al'ada waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Waɗannan sun haɗa da alaƙar tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba (IF) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF), wanda ke da ƙima kuma ya bambanta tsakanin guntu shuɗi da ja saboda daban-daban kayan semiconductor. Lanƙwasan da ke nuna ƙarfin haske da halin yanzu na gaba suna da mahimmanci don ƙayyade halin yanzun tuƙi da ake buƙata don cimma matakin haske da ake so. Duk da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, waɗannan lanƙwasan yawanci suna nuna cewa ƙarfin yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu amma yana iya cika a manyan matakan, kuma yana da tasiri akasin haka ta hanyar hawan zafin haɗin gwiwa.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

5.1 Girman Kunshi da Sanya Pin

Na'urar tana amfani da daidaitaccen kunshin SMD. Sanya pin yana da mahimmanci don aikin daidai: Pin 1 da 3 an sanya su ga Anode da Cathode na guntu LED shuɗi. Pin 2 da 4 an sanya su ga Anode da Cathode na guntu LED ja. Wannan tsari yana ba da damar sarrafa kowane launi da kansa. Duk jurewar girma shine ±0.10 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade in ba haka ba.

5.2 Shawarar Tsarin Gindin Gishiri da Kaset da Reel

An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa (girman gindin gishiri) don tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗin gishiri da daidaitawar daidai yayin sake kwarara. Ana ba da kayan aikin akan kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin 8mm wanda aka nannade akan reels mai diamita inci 7 (178mm). Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da guda 4000. Ƙayyadaddun kaset da reel sun yi daidai da ANSI/EIA 481-1-A-1994. Manyan bayanan reel sun haɗa da: an rufe buɗaɗɗen aljihu da kaset ɗin murfi, mafi ƙarancin adadin oda don ragowar shine guda 500, kuma ana ba da izinin mafi girman guda biyu na abubuwan da suka ɓace a jere a kowane reel.

6. Jagororin Gishiri da Taro

6.1 Bayanan Gudanar da Gishiri

An ba da shawarar bayanan sake kwarara na infrared (IR) guda biyu: ɗaya don daidaitaccen tsarin gishiri (tin-lead) ɗayan kuma don tsarin gishiri mara Pb (misali, SnAgCu). Bayanin mara Pb yana buƙatar mafi girman zafin jiki. An ƙayyade yanayi na gabaɗaya don IR da gishiri mai igiyar ruwa shine matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 5. Don gishiri na tururi, yanayin shine 215°C na mintuna 3. An yi nuni zuwa cikakken bayanin hoto, yana zayyana matakan dumama, jiƙa, sake kwarara, da sanyaya tare da takamaiman lokaci da ƙuntatawar zafin jiki don hana girgizar zafi.

6.2 Adanawa da Kula da Kula

Ya kamata a adana LED a cikin yanayin da bai wuce 30°C da 70% zafi ba. Abubuwan da aka cire daga jakar shinge na asali na danshi ya kamata a sake kwarara su ta IR a cikin mako guda. Don adanawa mai tsawo a wajen kunshin asali, dole ne a adana su a cikin akwati mai rufi tare da bushewa ko a cikin desiccator na nitrogen. Idan an adana fiye da mako guda a wajen jakar, ana buƙatar gasa a 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 24 kafin gishiri don cire danshin da aka sha kuma a hana \"popcorning\" yayin sake kwarara.

7. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

7.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Tuƙi

LED na'urori ne masu tuƙi na halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske lokacin haɗa LED da yawa a layi ɗaya, ana ba da shawarar sosai don amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu na mutum ɗaya a jere tare da kowane LED (Samfurin Da'ira A). Dogaro da resistor guda ɗaya don jeri a layi ɗaya (Samfurin Da'ira B) ba a ba da shawarar ba saboda ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin halayen ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf) tsakanin LED ɗaiɗaikun zai haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin rabon halin yanzu kuma, saboda haka, ƙarfin haske. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vcc - Vf) / If, inda Vcc shine ƙarfin lantarki, Vf shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED a halin yanzu da ake so, kuma If shine manufar halin yanzu na gaba.

7.2 Kariya daga Zubar da Lantarki (ESD)

Guntu LED suna da hankali ga zubar da lantarki da hawan ƙarfin lantarki. Don hana lalacewa, dole ne a aiwatar da ingantaccen sarrafa ESD yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa. Wannan ya haɗa da amfani da bel ɗin wuyan da aka kafa, safar hannu masu hana tashin hankali, da tabbatar duk tashoshi na aiki, kayan aiki, da injina suna da tushe daidai. Ya kamata a sarrafa na'urorin a wuraren da aka kare ESD.

7.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan gishiri, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da kaushi da aka ƙayyade. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko kunshin. Hanyar da aka ba da shawarar ita ce nutsar da LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl alcohol a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Ba a ba da shawarar tsaftacewa mai ƙarfi ko na ultrasonic sai dai idan an tabbatar da shi musamman.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban abin da ya bambanta wannan LED mai launi biyu shine haɗaɗɗun guntu masu inganci na InGaN (shuɗi) da AlInGaP (ja). Fasahar InGaN sananne ce don ƙarfin haske a cikin bakan shuɗi/kore, yayin da AlInGaP ke ba da inganci mafi girma da kwanciyar hankali na zafi a cikin bakan ja/amber idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP. Haɗa duka biyu a cikin kunshin SMD na EIA-standard yana adana sararin PCB idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED guda biyu masu launi ɗaya. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 130 ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ganuwa mai faɗi. Ƙayyadaddun dacewa tare da bayanan sake kwarara mara Pb ya yi daidai da ƙa'idodin muhalli na zamani da yanayin masana'antu.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙi LED shuɗi da ja lokaci guda a matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC?

A: A'a. Dole ne a kiyaye iyakokin raguwar wutar lantarki (76mW shuɗi, 75mW ja) da la'akari da zafi na kunshin da aka raba. Aiki lokaci guda a 20mA (shuɗi) da 30mA (ja) na iya wuce iyakar ƙarfin kunshin gabaɗaya dangane da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Hakanan ana buƙatar raguwa a hawan yanayin yanayi.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayin kololuwa da tsayin tsayin rinjaye?

A: Tsayin tsayin kololuwa (λP) shine tsayin tsayin da bakan fitarwa yake da ƙarfinsa mafi girma. Tsayin tsayin rinjaye (λd) an samo shi daga zanen launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar launin hasken da aka gane - tsayin tsayin guda ɗaya wanda zai dace da launin LED ga idon ɗan adam. λd sau da yawa ya fi dacewa da aikace-aikacen da suka dogara da launi.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin kwandon lokacin yin oda?

A: Dole ne ka ƙayyade lambobin kwandon da ake buƙata don Ƙarfin Lantarki (don shuɗi, misali, E7) da Ƙarfin Hasken (don duka launuka, misali, K). Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa kana karɓar LED tare da halayen lantarki da na gani a cikin kewayon da kake so don daidaiton aiki a cikin samfurinka.

10: Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira

Yi la'akari da alamar yanayi biyu don na'urar hanyar sadarwa: shuɗi mai ƙarfi don \"aiki\" da ja mai walƙiya don \"kuskure.\" Ta amfani da wannan LED, ana buƙatar ƙafar PCB ɗaya kawai. Microcontroller yana tuƙi pin 1 (shuɗi anode) ta hanyar resistor 150Ω (don ~3V wadata da 20mA manufa) don yanayin kwanciyar hankali. LED ja (pin 2 anode) ana tuƙa shi ta hanyar resistor 100Ω (don ~3V wadata da 30mA manufa) kuma ana sarrafa shi ta wani pin GPIO daban da aka saita don walƙiya yayin yanayin kuskure. Pin na cathode gama gari (3 & 4) an haɗa su zuwa ƙasa. Wannan ƙirar tana rage adadin abubuwan haɗin, tana adana sararin allo, kuma tana amfani da taron SMT na yau da kullun.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

Fitar da haske a cikin LED yana dogara ne akan electroluminescence a cikin haɗin gwiwar p-n na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, ana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsayin tsayi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor. LED shuɗi yana amfani da haɗin Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN), wanda ke da faɗin bandgap wanda ya dace da gajerun tsayin tsayi (hasken shuɗi). LED ja yana amfani da haɗin Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP), wanda ke da ƙaramin bandgap da aka ƙera don tsayin tsayi (hasken ja). Ruwan tabarau na epoxy yana aiki don kare guntu, siffata fitowar hasken, da haɓaka cire haske.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Kasuwannin LED na SMD na ci gaba da haɓaka zuwa mafi inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), ƙara ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikin ƙananan kunshin, da ingantaccen bayyana launi. Akwai babban yanayi zuwa ƙananan ƙira, tare da LED na kunshin ma'auni (CSP) suna zama mafi yaduwa. Don na'urori masu launuka da yawa, ci gaban ya haɗa da ƙuntatawa mafi ƙarfi na binning don ingantaccen daidaiton launi da haɗa guntu fiye da biyu (misali, RGB ko RGBW) cikin kunshi ɗaya don hasken da za a iya daidaitawa cikakken launi. Bugu da ƙari, tuƙi zuwa IoT da na'urori masu hankali yana ƙara buƙatar amintacce, LED masu nuni na dogon rai waɗanda suka dace da atomatik, hanyoyin taro masu sauri, wani yanki inda abubuwan haɗin kamar wannan suke da matsayi mai kyau.