LTST-C155KSKRKT LED Mai Launuka Biyu SMD - Girman Kunshin - Ja/Rawa - 30mA - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTST-C155KSKRKT LED ne mai launuka biyu, mai hawa a saman, wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙaramin girman da ingantaccen aiki. Wannan na'urar tana haɗa guntu guda biyu na AlInGaP daban-daban a cikin kunshi ɗaya: ɗaya yana fitar da haske a cikin bakan ja ɗayan kuma a cikin bakan rawa. Wannan tsari yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar alamun launuka biyu ko siginar yanayi masu sauƙi ba tare da buƙatar abubuwa daban-daban ba. An kunna LED ɗin akan tef mai girman milimita 8 kuma ana samar da shi akan reels inci 7, wanda ya sa ya dace da manyan kayan aikin haɗawa da sauri da ake amfani da su wajen samarwa mai yawa.

Babban fa'idodin wannan samfurin sun haɗa da bin ka'idojin muhalli, babban ƙarfin haske daga ingantaccen fasahar guntu na AlInGaP, da kuma faɗin kusurwar kallo wanda ke tabbatar da kyakkyawan gani daga kusurwoyi daban-daban. Kasuwowarsa na farko sun haɗa da na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, kwamitocin sarrafa masana'antu, hasken cikin mota, da alamun yanayi na gabaɗaya inda sarari ke da mahimmanci kuma ana buƙatar ingantaccen aiki.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Cikakke

Matsakaicin ma'auni na cikakke suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ga guntun ja da rawa, matsakaicin ci gaba na halin yanzu (DC) an ƙididdige shi a 30 mA. Matsakaicin halin yanzu, wanda aka yarda a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms), ya fi girma sosai a 80 mA. Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki ga kowane guntu shine 75 mW. Ma'auni mai mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira shine ƙimar raguwa na 0.4 mA/°C, wanda ke nuna cewa dole ne a rage halin yanzu na DC da aka yarda da shi a layi daya yayin da yanayin yanayi ya tashi sama da 25°C don hana yin zafi. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya shine 5V ga duka launuka. An ƙididdige na'urar don aiki a cikin kewayon yanayin zafi na -30°C zuwa +85°C kuma ana iya adana shi tsakanin -40°C da +85°C.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani

A ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C, IF=20 mA), LED yana nuna takamaiman ma'auni na aiki. Ƙarfin haske (Iv) na guntun ja yana da ƙimar al'ada na 45.0 mcd (millicandelas), tare da mafi ƙarancin ƙayyadaddun ƙimar 18.0 mcd. Guntun rawa yana da haske sosai, tare da ƙarfin haske na 75.0 mcd kuma mafi ƙanƙanta 28.0 mcd. Duka guntaye suna raba matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf) na 2.0V, tare da matsakaicin 2.4V a 20 mA. Wannan ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana da amfani ga ƙirar da'ira mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki. Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) faɗi ne mai faɗin digiri 130 ga duka launuka, yana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi. Matsakaicin tsayin tsayin fitarwa (λp) yawanci 639 nm ne don ja da 591 nm don rawa, yayin da babban tsayin tsayi (λd) yawanci 631 nm da 589 nm, bi da bi. Ramin rabin layin bakan (Δλ) shine 15 nm, yana nuna fitarwar launi mai tsafta. Sauran ma'auni sun haɗa da matsakaicin halin yanzu na baya (Ir) na 10 μA a 5V da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki (C) na 40 pF.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Samfurin yana amfani da tsarin binning don rarraba LEDs dangane da ƙarfin haskensu, yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin rukunin samarwa. Ga guntun ja, ana yiwa kwandon lakabi M, N, P, da Q, tare da mafi ƙanƙanta-zuwa-matsakaicin kewayon ƙarfi na 18.0-28.0 mcd, 28.0-45.0 mcd, 45.0-71.0 mcd, da 71.0-112.0 mcd, bi da bi. Guntun rawa yana amfani da kwandon N, P, Q, da R, wanda ya ƙunshi kewayon daga 28.0-45.0 mcd har zuwa 112.0-180.0 mcd. Ana amfani da jurewar +/-15% ga kowane kwandon ƙarfi. Wannan tsarin yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar madaidaicin matakin haske don aikace-aikacensu, daidaita farashi da buƙatun aiki. Takardar bayanin ba ta nuna binning daban don tsayin tsayi ko ƙarfin lantarki na gaba don wannan takamaiman lambar ba.

4. Binciken Lankwalin Aiki

Yayin da guntun rubutu da aka bayar ya yi nuni da lankwalan halaye na yau da kullun akan shafi na 6, takamaiman zane-zanen ba a haɗa su cikin rubutun ba. Yawanci, irin waɗannan takaddun bayanai sun haɗa da lankwalan da ke nuna alaƙa tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba da ƙarfin haske (lankwalan I-Iv), halin yanzu na gaba da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (lankwalan I-V), da tasirin yanayin zafi na yanayi akan ƙarfin haske. Waɗannan lankwalan suna da mahimmanci ga masu zane don fahimtar halayen LED mara layi. Misali, lankwalan I-Iv yana nuna cewa ƙarfin haske yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu amma yana iya cika a manyan halin yanzu. Lankwalan I-V yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar madaidaicin resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu. Lankwalan raguwar zafin jiki a zahiri suna nuna yadda matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka yarda da shi ke raguwa tare da hawan yanayin zafi, wanda ke da mahimmanci don tabbatar da dogon lokacin dogaro a cikin yanayi masu ƙalubale na zafi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

Ana samar da LED a cikin kunshin hawa a saman. An yi cikakken bayanin ainihin girmansu na zahiri a cikin zanen girman kunshin (wanda aka ambata akan shafi na 1 na takardar bayanin). Ana samar da na'urar a cikin tsarin tef-da-reel wanda ya dace da haɗawa ta atomatik. Faɗin tef ɗin milimita 8 ne, kuma an nannade shi akan daidaitaccen diamita na inci 7 (178mm). Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da guda 3000 na LED. Don umarni waɗanda ba cikakken reel ba, mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryawa na guda 500 ya shafi sauran. Kunshin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA 481-1-A-1994. Tef ɗin yana da aljihun da aka zana don abubuwan, waɗanda aka rufe su da tef ɗin murfin sama. Matsakaicin adadin abubuwan da ba a samu ba a jere a cikin tef ɗin shine biyu.

6. Jagorar Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanan Gudanar da Solder

Takardar bayanin tana ba da cikakkun shawarwarin yanayin solder don hana lalacewa na zafi. Don solder na infrared (IR) reflow, an ba da shawarar takamaiman bayanan yanayin zafi. Matsakaicin zafin jiki bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba, kuma lokacin da ya wuce wannan zafin jiki ya kamata a iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin daƙiƙa 5. Hakanan ana ba da shawarar matakin pre-heat. An ba da shawarar bayanai daban-daban don hanyoyin solder na yau da kullun da kuma don hanyoyin marasa gubar (Pb-free), na ƙarshe yana buƙatar man solder tare da abun da ke ciki na SnAgCu. Don solder wave, an ƙayyade matsakaicin zafin jiki na igiyar ruwan solder na 260°C har zuwa daƙiƙa 10, tare da iyakar pre-heat na 100°C har zuwa daƙiƙa 60. Don solder na hannu tare da ƙarfe, zafin ƙarshen bai kamata ya wuce 300°C ba, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar ya kamata a iyakance shi zuwa daƙiƙa 3 kowane haɗin gwiwa, sau ɗaya kawai.

6.2 Ajiya da Gudanarwa

Ajiya daidai yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye solderability. Yakamata a adana LEDs a cikin yanayi wanda bai wuce 30°C da 70% zafi ba. Idan an cire su daga ainihin kunshinsu na shinge na danshi, yakamata su yi solder reflow IR a cikin mako guda. Don ajiya mai tsawo a waje da jakar asali, dole ne a adana su a cikin akwati mai rufi tare da desiccant ko a cikin desiccator na nitrogen. Abubuwan da aka adana ba tare da kunshi ba fiye da mako guda suna buƙatar tsarin gasa a kusan 60°C na akalla sa'o'i 24 kafin haɗawa don cire danshin da aka sha da kuma hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, kawai yakamata a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi. Sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba na iya lalata kunshin LED. Hanyar da aka ba da shawarar ita ce nutsar da LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a daidaitaccen zafin ɗaki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Ba a ba da shawarar tsaftacewa mai ƙarfi ko na ultrasonic sai dai idan an gwada shi da cancanta.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED mai launuka biyu ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nuna matsayi tare da fiye da yanayi ɗaya. Amfanin gama gari sun haɗa da alamun wutar lantarki/tsaye (misali, ja don tsaye, rawa don kunna), alamun kuskure/gargaɗi, alamun matakin cajin baturi, da amsa zaɓin yanayi a cikin na'urorin masu amfani kamar na'urorin hanyar sadarwa, caja, kayan aikin sauti, da ƙananan na'urori. Faɗin kusurwar kallonsa ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen gaban-panel inda mai amfani zai iya kallon alamar daga kusurwa.

7.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Zane da Hanyar Turawa

LEDs na'urori ne masu turawa na halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske, musamman lokacin da ake amfani da LEDs da yawa a layi daya, ana ƙarfafa ba da shawarar yin amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu na jere ga kowane LED (Samfurin Da'ira A). Turawa LEDs da yawa a layi daya ba tare da resistors ɗaya ɗaya ba (Samfurin Da'ira B) ba a ba da shawara saboda ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin halayen ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf) na kowane LED na iya haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin halin yanzu da ke gudana ta kowannensu, wanda ke haifar da rashin daidaiton haske. Dole ne a tsara da'irar turawa don iyakance halin yanzu zuwa matsakaicin ƙimar DC na 30 mA kowane guntu, la'akari da ƙimar raguwa idan yanayin aiki na yanayi ya wuce 25°C.

7.3 Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

LED yana da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki. Don hana lalacewar ESD yayin gudanarwa da haɗawa, waɗannan matakan kariya suna da mahimmanci: Ma'aikata yakamata su sanya igiyoyin wuyan hannu masu ɗaukar wutar lantarki ko safofin hannu masu hana wutar lantarki. Duk kayan aiki, teburin aiki, da rumbun ajiya dole ne a kafa su da kyau. Ana iya amfani da ionizer don kawar da cajin tsaye wanda zai iya taruwa akan ruwan tabarau na filastik saboda gogayya yayin gudanarwa. Waɗannan matakan suna da mahimmanci don kiyaye babban yawan samarwa da amincin samfur.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambanci

Babban siffar bambance-bambancen wannan ɓangaren shine haɗa guntu biyu masu inganci na AlInGaP a cikin kunshin SMD ɗaya mai ƙarami. Fasahar AlInGaP tana ba da ingantaccen inganci na haske da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP don launuka ja da rawa. Ƙarfin launuka biyu yana rage adadin abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su da sararin allo idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LEDs guda biyu masu launi ɗaya. Faɗin kusurwar kallo mai faɗin digiri 130 wani fa'ida ne mai gasa ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ganin kashe-axis. Cikakken tsarin binning yana ba masu zane ingantaccen aikin gani mai hasashe.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya turawa duka guntun ja da rawa lokaci guda a cikin cikakken halin yanzu na 30mA?

A: A'a. Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Cikakke suna ƙayyade 30mA DC kowane guntu. Turawa duka biyun lokaci guda a cikin cikakken halin yanzu zai yiwu ya wuce iyakokin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki na jimlar kunshi kuma ya haifar da yin zafi. Dole ne a tsara da'irar turawa don sarrafa jimlar wutar lantarki.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayin kololuwa da babban tsayin tsayi?

A: Tsayin tsayin kololuwa (λp) shine tsayin tsayin da bakan fitarwa yake da mafi girman ƙarfinsa. Babban tsayin tsayi (λd) an samo shi daga zanen launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar tsayin tsayi guda ɗaya wanda ya fi dacewa da launin hasken da idon ɗan adam ke gani. λp sau da yawa ya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi.

p>Q: Ta yaya zan zaɓi madaidaicin resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu?

A: Yi amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vsupply - Vf_LED) / I_LED. Yi amfani da matsakaicin Vf daga takardar bayanin (2.4V) don ƙirar masu ra'ayin mazan jiya don tabbatar da cewa halin yanzu bai taɓa wuce matakin da ake so ba ko da tare da bambancin ɓangaren-zuwa-ɓangare. Misali, tare da samar da 5V da manufar halin yanzu na 20mA: R = (5V - 2.4V) / 0.020A = 130 Ohms. Yi amfani da ƙimar daidaitaccen ƙima na gaba, misali, 130 ko 150 Ohms, kuma lissafta ainihin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki a cikin resistor (P = I^2 * R).

10. Misalin Zane da Amfani na Aiki

Yi la'akari da zana alamar matsayi biyu don sauya hanyar sadarwa. Manufar ita ce nuna matsayin haɗin gwiwa (rawa mai tsayi) da aiki (ja mai kyalkyali). LTST-C155KSKRKT ya dace da wannan. Ana iya amfani da fil ɗin GPIO guda biyu na microcontroller masu zaman kansu don turawa LED ta hanyar resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu daban-daban. Fil 1 da 3 za a haɗa su don anode/cathode na rawa, kuma fil 2 da 4 don ja. Dole ne zanen ya tabbatar da cewa fil ɗin microcontroller zai iya nutsewa/samar da isasshen halin yanzu (misali, 20mA kowane launi). Idan mai canzawa yana aiki a cikin yanayi mai dumi (misali, 50°C a cikin akwati), dole ne a rage halin yanzu na gaba. Halin yanzu da aka rage = 30mA - [0.4 mA/°C * (50°C - 25°C)] = 30mA - 10mA = 20mA. Saboda haka, zane don 20mA daga farko yana ba da gefen aminci don aiki mai tsananin zafi.

11. Gabatarwa kan Ka'idar Aiki

Diodes Masu Fitowa Hasken (LEDs) na'urorin semiconductor ne waɗanda ke fitar da haske lokacin da wutar lantarki ta wuce ta cikinsu. Wannan al'amari ana kiransa electroluminescence. A cikin tsarin kayan AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan LED, lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin p-n, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan electrons da ramuka suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsayin tsayi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor. AlInGaP yana da bandgap wanda ya dace don samar da ingantaccen haske ja, orange, da rawa. Kunshin launuka biyu kawai yana ɗauke da irin waɗannan guntun semiconductor guda biyu tare da abubuwan da suka haɗa da abubuwa daban-daban (bandgaps) a cikin ɗaya encapsulant, tare da haɗin lantarki daban-daban don sarrafawa mai zaman kanta.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗayan yanayin fasahar LED don aikace-aikacen nuni yana ci gaba zuwa ga ingantaccen inganci, ƙananan girman kunshi, da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki. AlInGaP ya kasance babbar fasaha don manyan LEDs ja, orange, da rawa saboda ingantaccen ingancinsa da kwanciyar hankali. Haɗin kai, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin wannan na'urar mai launuka biyu, babban yanayi ne don adana sararin PCB da sauƙaƙe haɗawa a cikin na'urorin lantarki masu ƙanƙanta. Hakanan ana ƙara mai da hankali kan daidaitaccen binning da ƙuntatawa don biyan buƙatun aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen launi da haske, kamar a cikin gungu na mota ko na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani inda daidaiton kyan gani ke da mahimmanci. Bugu da ƙari, dacewa da hanyoyin solder marasa gubar da masu zafi yanzu buƙatu ne na yau da kullun ga duk abubuwan da ake amfani da su a cikin samar da na'urorin lantarki na zamani.