LTST-C235KGKRKT LED Mai Launuka Biyu - SMD - Koma Baya - Kore/Jajj - 20mA - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takardar tana ba da cikakkun ƙayyadaddun fasaha na LED mai launuka biyu, mai koma baya, na'urar da aka haɗa a saman (SMD). Kayan yana haɗa guntu guda biyu na AlInGaP semiconductor daban-daban a cikin marufi guda, yana fitar da hasken kore da jajj. An tsara shi don hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik kuma ya bi ka'idojin muhalli na RoHS.

Babban aikace-aikacen wannan LED shine a cikin hasken baya, alamomin yanayi, da hasken kayan ado inda sarari ya takure kuma ana buƙatar alamar launi biyu daga girman kayan guda ɗaya. Tsarinsa na koma baya yana ba da damar fitar da haske ta hanyar PCB, yana ba da damar ƙirar ƙira mai ƙirƙira da ajiye sarari.

2. Zurfin Binciken Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsayi

Ba za a iya aiki da na'urar fiye da waɗannan iyakokin ba don hana lalacewa ta dindindin.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):75 mW kowace launi (Kore/Jajj). Wannan yana ayyana matsakaicin wutar lantarki da LED zai iya watsawa azaman zafi.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_FP):80 mA (pulsed, 1/10 duty cycle, 0.1ms pulse width). Don ɗimbin yanayin halin yanzu na gajeren lokaci.
• Ci gaba da Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F):30 mA DC. Matsakaicin halin yanzu na aiki don ingantaccen aiki na dogon lokaci.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5 V. Wucewa da wannan na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Zazzabi na Aiki (T_opr):-30°C zuwa +85°C. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na yanayi don aiki na al'ada.
• Zazzabi na Ajiya (T_stg):-40°C zuwa +85°C.
• Zazzabin Solder:Yana jure 260°C na dakika 10, ya dace da hanyoyin reflow marasa gubar (Pb-free).

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na'ura Mai Gani @ T_a=25°C, I_F=20mA

Waɗannan sigogi suna ayyana aikin a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na al'ada.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):
  • Kore: Na al'ada 35.0 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta 18.0 mcd)
  • Jajj: Na al'ada 45.0 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta 18.0 mcd)
  • An auna ta amfani da firikwensin da aka tace zuwa lanƙwan amsawar ido na CIE photopic.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 130 (na al'ada ga duka launuka biyu). Wannan faɗin kusurwa yana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi wanda ya dace da hasken yanki.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λ_P):
  • Kore: 574 nm (na al'ada)
  • Jajj: 639 nm (na al'ada)
• Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λ_d):
  • Kore: 571 nm (na al'ada)
  • Jajj: 631 nm (na al'ada)
  • Wannan shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ke gani, wanda aka samo daga zanen launi na CIE.
• Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):
  • Kore: 15 nm (na al'ada)
  • Jajj: 20 nm (na al'ada)
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):
  • Na al'ada: 2.0 V ga duka launuka biyu.
  • Matsakaici: 2.4 V ga duka launuka biyu.
  • Ƙaramin V_Fyana ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen aiki.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 µA a V_R=5V.

Takaicin ESD:LED yana da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki (ESD). Sarrafa daidai tare da igiyoyin wuyan hannu masu ƙasa, katifa mai hana tashin hankali, da kayan aiki wajibi ne don hana gazawa a ɓoye ko bala'i.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Ana rarraba LED ɗin bisa mahimman sigogi na gani don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin rukunin samarwa.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken (Luminous Intensity Binning)

Ana ayyana kwandon ta mafi ƙanƙanta da matsakaicin ƙimar ƙarfin haske a 20mA. Rangwame a cikin kowane kwandon shine +/-15%.

• Lambar M:18.0 – 28.0 mcd
• Lambar N:28.0 – 45.0 mcd
• Lambar P:45.0 – 71.0 mcd
• Lambar Q:71.0 – 112.0 mcd

Wannan ya shafi duka guntu na Kore da Jajj daban.

3.2 Rarraba Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (Kore kawai a cikin wannan takardar)

Ga mai fitar da kore, kwandon yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi. Rangwame shine +/-1 nm.

• Lambar C:567.5 – 570.5 nm
• Lambar D:570.5 – 573.5 nm
• Lambar E:573.5 – 576.5 nm

4. Binciken Lanƙwan Ayyuka (Performance Curve)

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman zane-zane a cikin takardar bayanai (misali, Hoto 1, Hoto 6), tasirinsu yana da mahimmanci ga zane.

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken da Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Fitowar hasken yana kusan layi daya tare da halin yanzu har zuwa matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC da aka ƙidaya. Tuƙi sama da I_Fyana ƙara fitarwa amma yana rage inganci da tsawon rayuwa saboda zafi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Yana nuna daidaitattun alaƙar diode mai ma'ana. Na al'ada V_Fna 2.0V a 20mA muhimmin sigogi ne don zanen tuƙi (misali, lissafin resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu).
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken da Zazzabin Yanayi:Ga LED na AlInGaP, fitowar hasken yakan ragu yayin da zafi ya ƙaru. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan raguwa don aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a babban yanayin zafi.
• Rarraba Bakan:Zane-zanen sun nuna ƙananan kololuwar fitarwa na fasahar AlInGaP, a tsakiya kusan 574nm (kore) da 639nm (jajj). Faɗin bandwidth na 15-20nm yana nuna kyakkyawan tsaftar launi.
• Tsarin Kusurwar Dubawa:Kusurwar dubawa na digiri 130 tare da rarraba kusan-Lambertian yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a kan faɗin yanki lokacin da aka duba daga gefe.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Marufi

5.1 Girman Marufi & Ayyukan Fil

LED ya yi daidai da tsarin marufi na SMD na masana'antu (ma'aunin EIA). Matsakaicin girman girman mahimmanci shine ±0.10mm.

• Ayyukan Fil:
  • Fil 1 & 2: Anode/Cathode donKore chip.
  • Fil 3 & 4: Anode/Cathode donJajj chip.
• Ruwan tabarau:Ruwa Bayyananne. Wannan yana ba da mafi girman kusurwar dubawa kuma baya canza launin hasken da aka fitar.

5.2 Tsarin Fil ɗin Solder da Aka Shawarta

An ba da zanen tsarin ƙasa don tabbatar da samuwar haɗin gwiwar solder daidai, haɗin lantarki mai dogaro, da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya yayin reflow. Bin wannan tsarin yana hana kabari kuma yana tabbatar da daidaitawar daidai.

6. Jagororin Solder & Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Solder na Reflow

An ba da shawarar bayanin reflow na infrared (IR), wanda ya bi ka'idojin JEDEC don haɗawa maras gubar.

• Dumi-dumi:150-200°C har zuwa dakika 120 don tafiyar da zafi a hankali da kunna kwarara.
• Matsakaicin Zazzabi:Matsakaicin 260°C.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus:Bayanin yana tabbatar da cewa man solder ya narke na daidai lokacin don samar da haɗin gwiwa masu dogaro ba tare da lalacewar zafi ga marufin LED ba. Kayan yana iya jure 260°C na dakika 10.

Lura:Mafi kyawun bayanin ya dogara da takamaiman ƙirar PCB, man solder, da tanda. Ana ba da shawarar siffanta matakin allon.

6.2 Solder da Hannu

Idan ya cancanta, solder da hannu yana yiwuwa tare da ƙayyadaddun iyakoki:

• Zazzabin Ƙarfe:Matsakaicin 300°C.
• Lokacin Tuntuɓar:Matsakaicin dakika 3 kowane haɗin gwiwa.
• Ƙoƙari:Sau ɗaya kawai. Maimaita dumama na iya lalata marufi ko igiyoyin haɗin gwiwa.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da takamaiman masu tsaftacewa:

• An ba da shawara:Barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl alcohol a zafin daki.
• Lokacin Nitsewa:Ƙasa da minti ɗaya.
• Kauce wa:Magungunan sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba waɗanda zasu iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko marufi.

6.4 Ajiya & Sarrafawa

• Jaka Mai Rufi (tare da desiccant):Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH. Yi amfani da shi cikin shekara guda bayan buɗe jakar.
• Bayan Buɗe Jakar:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Don mafi kyawun sakamako, kammala reflow na IR cikin mako guda.
• Ajiya Mai Tsayi (An Buɗe):Ajiye a cikin akwati mai rufi tare da desiccant ko a cikin desiccator na nitrogen.
• Gasasshen:Idan an ajiye daga asalin jakar fiye da mako guda, gasa a 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin solder don cire danshi da hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

7. Bayanin Marufi & Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kaset da Reel

Ana ba da na'urar don haɗawa ta atomatik ta ɗauka da sanyawa.

• Faɗin Kaset ɗin Mai ɗauka:8 mm.
• Diamita na Reel:Inci 7.
• Adadin kowane Reel:Guda 3000.
• Mafi ƙarancin Adadin Oda (MOQ):Guda 500 don sauran adadi.
• Rufe Aljihu:Kaset ɗin murfin saman yana rufe aljihunan fanko.
• Fitilun da suka ɓace:Matsakaicin fitilu biyu masu bi da bi da suka ɓace an yarda da su, bisa ka'idojin masana'antu (ANSI/EIA 481-1-A-1994).

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

• Kayan Lantarki na Masu Amfani:Alamomin yanayi biyu akan na'urorin hanyar sadarwa, masu caji, ko kayan sauti (misali, kore don wutar lantarki/shiri, jajj don caji/kuskure).
• Hasken Cikin Motoci:Ƙaramin wutar lantarki accent ko hasken nuni, yana amfani da faɗin kusurwar dubawa.
• Panels na Sarrafa Masana'antu:Alamomin yanayin injina masu yawa.
• Na'urorin da ake ɗauka:Na'urori masu ƙarancin sarari waɗanda ke buƙatar amsa launi biyu.
• Aikace-aikacen Koma Baya:Allunan hasken baya ko tambura inda aka saka LED a gefen gaba na PCB, tare da hasken da aka fitar ta rami ko kayan da ke wucewa.

8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Zane

• Tukin Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da direban halin yanzu na akai-akai ko resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere tare da kowane guntu LED. Lissafa ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Yayin da rushewar wutar lantarki ta yi ƙasa, tabbatar da PCB yana ba da isasshen taimakon zafi, musamman idan ana tuƙi a ko kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu, don kiyaye tsawon rayuwar LED da kwanciyar hankali na launi.
• Kariya ta ESD:Haɗa diodes na kariya na ESD akan layukan siginar da aka haɗa zuwa anodes na LED idan an fallasa su ga musanya mai amfani.
• Haɗa Launuka:Ta hanyar sarrafa halin yanzu zuwa kowane guntu daban, ana iya ƙirƙirar launuka tsaka-tsaki (misali, rawaya, lemu) ta hanyar haɗa launuka.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambance-bambance

Wannan na'urar tana ba da takamaiman fa'idodi a cikin ƙaramin yanki:

• vs. LED ɗin Launi Guda:Yana rage adadin kayan, girman kafa na PCB, da farashin haɗawa ta hanyar samar da launuka biyu a cikin marufi guda.
• vs. LED ɗin RGB:Yana ba da mafita mai sauƙi, sau da yawa mafi inganci lokacin da ake buƙatar kore da jajj kawai, ba tare da rikitarwa na guntu shuɗi da phosphor ko direbobi daban-daban guda uku ba.
• Ƙarfin Koma Baya:Mai banbancewa mai mahimmanci wanda ke ba da damar ƙirar gani na musamman waɗanda ba za su yiwu ba tare da LED ɗin fitarwa na saman daidaitaccen.
• Fasahar AlInGaP:Yana ba da ingantaccen aiki da kyakkyawan tsaftar launi (ƙunƙuntaccen bakan) don kore da jajj, idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi.
• Faɗin Kusurwar Dubawa (130°):Yana ba da mafi kyawun ganin gefe fiye da LED ɗin da ke da ƙunƙuntaccen kusurwar dubawa, mai kyau ga alamomin panel.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQ)

Q1: Shin zan iya tuƙa duka guntu na kore da jajj lokaci guda a 30mA kowanne?

A1: A'a. Matsakaicin matsakaicin rushewar wutar lantarki shine 75 mWkowace guntu. A 30mA da na al'ada V_Fna 2.0V, wutar lantarki kowace guntu shine 60 mW (P=IV). Tuƙa duka lokaci guda a cikakken halin yanzu yana haifar da rushewar jimlar 120 mW, wanda zai iya wuce ikon marufin na kawar da zafi, musamman a babban yanayin zafi. Ana ba da shawarar raguwa ko aikin pulsed don amfani da launuka biyu lokaci guda.

Q2: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsawon zango kololuwa da tsawon zango mai rinjaye?

A2: Tsawon zango kololuwa (λ_P) shine tsawon zango na zahiri wanda fitarwar ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma. Tsawon zango mai rinjaye (λ_d) ƙima ce da aka lissafta daga ginshiƙin launi na CIE wanda ke wakiltar guda ɗayaganilauni na hasken. Ga LED ɗin launi guda kamar waɗannan, suna kusa sosai, amma λ_dya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi.

Q3: Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin kwandon lokacin yin oda?

A3: Ƙayyade lambobin kwandon da ake buƙata don ƙarfin haske (misali, Lambar N) da tsawon zango mai rinjaye (misali, Lambar D don kore) don tabbatar da cewa kuna karɓar LED ɗin tare da daidaitaccen haske da launi. Idan ba a ƙayyade ba, kuna iya karɓar kowane kwandon a cikin kewayon samfurin.

Q4: Shin ake buƙatar sink na zafi?

A4: Don ci gaba da aiki a matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC (30mA) a cikin yanayi mai zafi, gudanar da zafi ta hanyar PCB (zubar da jan ƙarfe, thermal vias) yana da mahimmanci. Yawanci ba a buƙatar raba sink na zafi don wannan ƙaramin na'urar SMD idan an tsara PCB daidai.

11. Nazarin Lamarin Zane (Case Study)

Yanayi:Zanen ƙunƙuntaccen kumburin firikwensin IoT tare da alamar yanayi mai yawa.

Kalubale:Ƙarancin sarari na PCB, buƙatar bayyanannun jihohin "Wutar Lantarki/Hanyar Sadarwa/Kuskure".

Mafita:Yi amfani da LED mai launuka biyu.

Aiwatarwa:

• Kore Kawai (20mA): Na'urar tana kunna kuma tana aiki da kyau.
• Jajj Kawai (20mA): Yanayin kuskure (misali, laifin firikwensin).
• Kore & Jajj Lokaci Guda (misali, 10mA kowanne don ci gaba da kasancewa cikin iyakokin zafi): Ayyukan hanyar sadarwa/tsarin ƙyalli.

Wannan kayan guda ɗaya yana ba da jihohin gani daban-daban guda uku, yana ajiye sarari da sauƙaƙa lissafin kayan idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED daban-daban guda biyu.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Fasaha

Wannan LED yana amfani da kayan semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) don duka guntu masu fitar da haske. AlInGaP semiconductor ne mai tazara kai tsaye inda sake haɗuwar rami na electron ke sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsawon zango na haske (launi) an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan, wanda aka ƙera ta hanyar sarrafa daidai gwargwado na Aluminum, Indium, Gallium, da Phosphorus yayin girma crystal. Guntu na kore yana da faɗin bandgap (~2.16 eV don 574nm) fiye da guntu jajj (~1.94 eV don 639nm). An haɗa guntu ɗin a cikin marufi na epoxy mai nuna alama tare da ruwan tabarau mai tsabta wanda ke siffanta fitowar haske. Zanen koma baya yana nufin babban saman fitar da haske na guntu yana fuskantar PCB, yana buƙatar hanyar wucewa ko buɗe ido a cikin allon don hasken ya tsere.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Ci gaban SMD LED kamar wannan yana bin trends na masana'antu da yawa:

• Ƙananan & Haɗawa:Haɗa ayyuka da yawa (launuka biyu) cikin marufi guda yana ajiye sararin allon, direba akai-akai a cikin kayan lantarki.
• Mafi Girman Ingantaccen Aiki:Ci gaba da inganta a cikin girma na AlInGaP epitaxial da ƙirar guntu yana haifar da mafi girman ingancin haske (ƙarin fitowar haske kowace wutar lantarki).
• Ƙarfi don Automation:An tsara marufi don jure mafi girman yanayin zafi na reflow (don solder maras gubar) da matsanancin injiniya na sarrafa kaset da reel da sanyawa.
• Faɗaɗa Gamut na Launi:Yayin da wannan LED ke amfani da kore da jajj daban-daban, akwai yanayin zuwa ga marufi masu yawa na guntu (RGB, RGBW) da ingantattun LED ɗin da aka canza phosphor don cimma mafi faɗin kewayon launuka da mafi girman alamun nuna launi don aikace-aikacen haske.
• Ingantaccen Aikin Zafi:Sabbin kayan marufi da ƙira sun fi sarrafa zafi da kyau, suna ba da damar mafi girman halin yanzu na tuƙi da mafi girman fitowar haske daga ƙaramin kafa.