LTD-6730JD LED Nuni Takardar Bayani - 0.56-inch Tsawon Lamba - Launi Hyper Red - 2.6V Gaba Voltage - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTD-6730JD na'urar nuni ce mai lambobi biyu, sassa bakwai, wacce aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi a sarari. Babban aikinta shi ne wakiltar lambobi biyu (0-9 da wasu haruffa) ta amfani da sassan LED masu sarrafa kansu. Fasahar tushe ta dogara ne akan kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide), wanda aka ƙera musamman don fitar da haske a cikin bakan haske mai ja sosai. Ana rarraba wannan na'urar a matsayin nau'in nuni na anode gama gari, ma'ana an haɗa anodes na LED na kowane lamba a ciki, yana sauƙaƙe kewayawar tuƙi lokacin amfani da tuƙi masu nutsewar wutar lantarki.

Nunin yana da tsayin harafi na 0.56 inches (14.22 mm), yana ba da daidaito tsakanin karantawa da ƙaramin girma. Ana gabatar da shi da fuskar launin toka da alamomin sassa fari, wanda ke haɓaka bambanci da karantawa lokacin da sassan suka haskaka. An ƙera na'urar don aiki mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki, yana mai da shi dacewa da aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da baturi ko masu kula da makamashi inda haske mai inganci ke da muhimmanci.

2. Fassarar Ma'anar Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Haskakawa da Na Gani

Ana bayyana aikin gani a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji a zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C. Babban ma'auni, Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haskakawa (Iv), yana da ƙimar al'ada na 700 µcd lokacin da aka tuƙa shi da gaba wutar lantarki (IF) na 1 mA a kowane sashe. Ƙaramin ƙayyadaddun ƙima shine 320 µcd, kuma babu iyakar iyaka da aka jera, yana nuna mayar da hankali kan tabbatar da mafi ƙarancin matakin haske. An ƙayyade daidaiton ƙarfin haske tsakanin sassa a 2:1 mafi girma, wanda ke bayyana yiwuwar bambanci a cikin haske tsakanin sassa daban-daban don tabbatar da kamanni iri ɗaya.

Ana bayyana halayen launi ta hanyar tsawon raƙuman ruwa. Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Fitowa (λp) yawanci 650 nm ne, yayin da Tsawon Raƙuman Rinjaye (λd) yawanci 639 nm ne lokacin da aka tuƙa shi da IF=20mA. Ƙaramin bambanci tsakanin kololuwar tsawon raƙuman ruwa da rinjaye ya zama ruwan dare a cikin LED. Ramin Rabin Layin Bakan (Δλ) shine 20 nm, yana nuna tsaftar bakan ko yaduwar tsawon raƙuman hasken da aka fitar a kusa da kololuwa. Wannan haɗin yana sanya fitarwa a cikin yankin ja mai yawa na bakan gani.

2.2 Halayen Wutar Lantarki

Sigogin wutar lantarki suna bayyana iyakokin aiki da sharuɗɗan na'urar. Gaba Voltage a kowane sashe (VF) yana kewayo daga 2.1V zuwa 2.6V a gwajin wutar lantarki na 1 mA. Wannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar kewayawar iyakance wutar lantarki. Juyawar Wutar Lantarki a kowane sashe (IR) an ƙayyade a matsakaicin 100 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da Juyawar Voltage (VR) na 5V, yana nuna matakin ɗigon ruwa lokacin da LED ke jujjuyawa.

Matsakaicin Ƙimar Cikakke ya kafa iyakokin da za a iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin. Ci gaba da Gaba Wutar Lantarki a kowane sashe an ƙididdige shi da 25 mA a 25°C, tare da ƙimar ragewa na 0.33 mA/°C. Wannan yana nufin cewa wutar lantarki mai ci gaba da halatta tana raguwa yayin da zafin yanayi ke ƙaruwa. Don aikin bugun jini, ana ba da izinin Kololuwar Gaba Wutar Lantarki na 90 mA a ƙarƙashin takamaiman sharuɗɗa (1/10 aikin aiki, 0.1 ms faɗin bugun jini), wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don haɗawa ko cimma mafi girman haske na nan take. Matsakaicin Ragewar Wutar Lantarki a kowane sashe shine 70 mW. Matsakaicin Juyawar Voltage a kowane sashe shine 5V.

2.3 Ƙayyadaddun Zafi da Muhalli

An ƙididdige na'urar don Kewayon Zafin Aiki na -35°C zuwa +85°C. Daidaitaccen Kewayon Zafin Ajiya yana nuna ƙarfin ɗan adam lokacin da ba a kunna wutar lantarki ba. Mahimmin ma'auni na haɗawa shine ƙimar Zafin Solder: na'urar na iya jure zafi mai girman 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, wanda aka auna a wuri 1.6mm (1/16 inch) ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na fakitin. Wannan ƙima ce ta daidaitaccen tsari don igiyar ruwa ko hanyoyin sake kunnawa.

3. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

Ana samar da na'urar a cikin daidaitaccen fakitin lambobi biyu sassa bakwai. Girman da aka bayar yana bayyana ƙafar jiki, tazarar rami, da tsayin gabaɗaya, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don shimfidar PCB (Allon Kewayawa da aka Buga) da haɗa injiniya cikin samfur na ƙarshe. Zanen ya ƙayyade cewa duk girmansu suna cikin milimita, tare da daidaitattun ƙima na ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an lura da haka. Kunshin ya haɗa da fuskar launin toka tare da alamomin sassa fari da fil ɗin da ake buƙata don haɗin wutar lantarki.

4. Haɗin Fil da Cikin Kewayawa

Na'urar tana da tsarin fil 18. Tsarin fil kamar haka ne: Fil 1-12 da 15 sune katod na takamaiman sassa (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, DP) don Lamba 1 da Lamba 2. An bayyana sarrafa sashe (misali, wane fil ke sarrafa sashe 'A' na Lamba 2) a sarari. Fil 13 da 14 sune Gama gari Anodes na Lamba 2 da Lamba 1, bi da bi. Fil 16, 17, da 18 an jera su a matsayin "Babu Haɗin" (NC). Zanen kewayawa na ciki yana nuna cewa kowane lamba tsarin anode ne na gama gari, inda aka raba anode tsakanin dukkan sassa bakwai (da maƙasudin ƙima) na wannan lamba, kuma kowane sashe yana da nasa fil ɗin cathode. Wannan gine-gine ya fi dacewa don haɗawa, inda ake kunna anodes na kowane lamba a jere a babban mitar yayin da ake tuƙa fil ɗin cathode ɗin da suka dace don haskaka sassan da ake so.

5. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Ayyuka

Duk da yake ba a bayyana cikakkun jadawali a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, lanƙwasa na yau da kullun don irin wannan na'urar zai haɗa da alaƙa masu mahimmanci da yawa. Gaba Wutar Lantarki da Gaba Voltage (I-V) lanƙwasa yana nuna alaƙar alaƙar diode; fahimtar wannan lanƙwasa yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar daidaitaccen resistor na jerin ko ƙirar tuƙi mai ci gaba da wutar lantarki. Lanƙwasa Ƙarfin Haskakawa da Gaba Wutar Lantarki yawanci yana nuna alaƙar kusa da layi a ƙananan wutar lantarki, yana cika a manyan wutar lantarki. Lanƙwasa Ƙarfin Haskakawa da Zafin Yanayi yana da mahimmanci, kamar yadda fitowar LED gabaɗaya ke raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin haɗuwa. Don LED mai launi kamar wannan nau'in ja mai yawa, lanƙwasa Rarraba Bakan zai nuna ƙarfin hasken da aka fitar a tsawon raƙuman ruwa daban-daban, a tsakiya kusan 650 nm.

6. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

6.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan nuni ya dace da kewayon aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nuni na lambobi masu haske, amintattu. Amfanin gama gari ya haɗa da allunan kayan aikin ma'auni (misali, ma'auni da yawa, ƙididdiga mitar), kayan amfanin masu amfani (mikrowave, tanda, injunan wanki), karatun sarrafa masana'antu, kayan aikin gwaji da ma'auni, da tashoshi na siyarwa. Bukatunsa na ƙarancin wutar lantarki ya sa ya zama ɗan takara don na'urori masu ɗaukar baturi.

6.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira da Kewayawar Tuƙi

Ƙirar tare da wannan nuni yana buƙatar kewayawar tuƙi mai iya nutsewa wutar lantarki. Tunda nuni ne na anode gama gari, yakamata a haɗa anodes (fil 13 da 14) zuwa samar da wutar lantarki mai kyau (Vcc) ta hanyar resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki ko, fiye da haka, ana sauya shi ta transistor ko filin fitarwa na musamman na IC. Fil ɗin cathode (1-12, 15) an haɗa su zuwa fitar da nutsewar wutar lantarki na direba (misali, fil ɗin GPIO na microcontroller, maɓalli mai motsi, ko direban LED na musamman).

Don sarrafa lambobi biyu, haɗawa shine daidaitaccen hanya. Kewayawar za ta yi saurin canzawa tsakanin kunna anode na Lamba 1 (yayin tuƙa katod don sassan da ake so na Lamba 1) sannan kunna anode na Lamba 2 (yayin tuƙa katod don sassan da ake so na Lamba 2). Dagewar gani na idon ɗan adam yana haɗa waɗannan walƙiya masu sauri cikin ingantaccen hoto mai lambobi biyu. Dole ne mitar haɗawa ta yi yawa sosai don guje wa walƙiya da ake iya gani, yawanci sama da 60 Hz. Lokacin haɗawa, wutar lantarki ta nan take a kowane sashe na iya zama mafi girma fiye da ƙimar DC (ta amfani da ƙimar kololuwar wutar lantarki a matsayin jagora) don cimma daidaitaccen haske, amma dole ne a kiyaye iyakokin zafi da aikin aiki.

Iyakance wutar lantarki wajibi ne. Ko da tare da haɗawa, ana buƙatar resistor na jerin don kowane sashe cathode ko amfani da direba mai ci gaba da wutar lantarki don hana wutar lantarki mai yawa daga lalata guntu na LED. Za'a iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vcc - VF) / IF, inda VF shine gaba voltage na LED (yi amfani da ƙimar matsakaicin 2.6V don ƙira mai ra'ayin mazan jiya), Vcc shine wutar lantarki, kuma IF shine gaba wutar lantarki da ake so.

7. Kwatancen Fasaha da Siffofi

Siffofin da aka jera suna nuna fa'idodin gasa: Ci gaba da Sassa iri ɗaya suna tabbatar da santsi, bayyanar lambar da ba ta da gibi. Babban Haskakawa & Babban Bambanci, wanda fasahar AlInGaP da ƙarewar launin toka/fari ke sauƙaƙa, yana tabbatar da karantawa a cikin yanayin haske daban-daban. Faɗin Kallon Kallo fa'ida ce ta fasahar LED da ƙirar fakitin. Amincewar Jihar Ƙarfe tana nufin ƙarfin ƙarfin LED idan aka kwatanta da nunin injiniya ko na filament. Bukatar Ƙarancin Wutar Lantarki siffa ce mai mahimmanci don ƙirar lantarki na zamani. Na'urar da aka rarraba don Ƙarfin Haskakawa tana nufin an yi amfani da raka'a ko gwajin su don cika takamaiman ƙofofin haske, yana ba da daidaito a cikin samarwa.

8. Tambayoyi na Kowa Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin "Kololuwar Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa" da "Tsawon Raƙuman Rinjaye"?

A: Kololuwar Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa shine tsawon raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya inda bakan fitarwa ya fi ƙarfi. Tsawon Raƙuman Rinjaye shine tsawon raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya na haske mai launi ɗaya wanda zai dace da launin hasken LED da ake gani. Sau da yawa suna kusa amma ba iri ɗaya ba saboda siffar bakan fitarwa na LED.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan nuni kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller na 5V?

A: A'a, ba kai tsaye ba. Dole ne ka yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki a jere tare da kowane sashe cathode. Haɗa LED kai tsaye zuwa tushen wutar lantarki kamar fil ɗin GPIO (wanda aka saita a matsayin fitarwa) zai yi ƙoƙarin jawo wutar lantarki mai yawa, mai yuwuwar lalata duka LED da fil ɗin microcontroller.

Q: Me yasa akwai fil ɗin "Babu Haɗin"?

A: Fakitin fil 18 mai yiwuwa daidaitaccen ƙafar ƙafa ne da ake amfani dashi don nau'ikan nunin daban-daban. Don wannan takamaiman samfurin lambobi biyu, fil 15 ne kawai ke aiki da wutar lantarki. Fil ɗin NC yana ba da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya kuma ya yi daidai da daidaitaccen soket ko shimfidar PCB.

Q: Ta yaya zan iya ƙididdige amfani da wutar lantarki?

A: Don nuni mara haɗawa, tsayayye: Wutar Lantarki = (Adadin sassan da aka haskaka) * (Gaba Wutar Lantarki a kowane sashe) * (Gaba Voltage a kowane sashe). Don nuni mai haɗawa, matsakaicin wutar lantarki a kowane sashe shine IF * Aikin Aiki. Jimlar wutar lantarki ita ce jimlar duk sassan da aka haskaka a duka lambobi biyu, la'akari da ayyukan aikinsu (misali, 50% ga kowane lamba a cikin haɗawa biyu).

9. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Bin ƙayyadaddun bayanin solder yana da mahimmanci don hana lalacewar zafi ga guntu na LED na ciki, haɗin waya, da fakitin filastik. Matsakaicin zafin solder na 260°C na dakika 3 a 1.6mm ƙasa da matakin wurin zama ma'auni ne mai mahimmanci don sake kunnawa solder. Daidaitattun bayanan sake kunnawa maras gubar (SAC) yawanci suna da matsakaicin zafin jiki a cikin wannan kewayon. Don solder na hannu, yakamata a yi amfani da ƙarfe mai sarrafa zafin jiki, kuma a rage lokacin tuntuɓar fil ɗin. Bayan solder, yakamata a bar na'urar ta huce da kansu. Guji sanya fuskar nuni ga damuwa na injiniya ko kayan tsaftacewa waɗanda zasu iya lalata filastik ko alamomi.

10. Ka'idar Aiki

Na'urar tana aiki akan ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗin p-n semiconductor. Ana amfani da tsarin kayan AlInGaP don ƙirar haɗin. Lokacin da gaba voltage wanda ya wuce kofa na haɗin (kusan 2.1-2.6V) aka yi amfani da shi, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. A cikin LED na AlInGaP, wannan sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi da farko a cikin nau'in photons (haske) a cikin ja zuwa sassan bakan rawaya-rawaya, dangane da daidaitaccen haɗin gawa. Substrate na GaAs mara kyau yana taimakawa jagorar fitar da haske sama ta saman guntu, yana haɓaka haske daga gefen kallo. Kowane sashe na nuni yana ƙunshe da ɗaya ko fiye na waɗannan guntu na LED waɗanda aka haɗa a layi daya.