Takardar Bayanin Fasaha na Nunin LED na LTD-5250JD - Tsayin Lamba 0.52-inch - Launi Hyper Red - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 2.6V - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTD-5250JD wani na'ura ne mai nunin haske (LED) mai lamba biyu, sassa bakwai. Babban aikinsa shine samar da bayanin lambobi masu haske da saukin karantawa don na'urorin lantarki da kayan aiki daban-daban. Fasahar cibiyarsa tana amfani da kayan semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) don samar da haske mai launin ja mai zurfi (hyper red). Wannan na'urar tana da fuskar launin toka tare da alamun sassa masu fari, wanda ke ƙara bambanci da saukin karantawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban. An rarrabe ta bisa ƙarfin haske, don tabbatar da daidaiton matakan haske don aikace-aikacen rukuni.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Cibiya da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Nunin yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci da yawa waɗanda suka sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen masana'antu, masu amfani, da na kayan aiki. Ƙarancin buƙatun wutar lantarki yana sa ya zama mai inganci a cikin amfani da makamashi, yayin da babban haske da kyakkyawan bambanci ke tabbatar da ganuwa daga kusurwar kallo mai faɗi. Gina na'urar mai ƙarfi yana ba da ingantaccen aminci da dogon rayuwar aiki idan aka kwatanta da sauran fasahohin nuni. Ci gaba da sassa masu daidaito suna ba da gudummawa ga kyakkyawan bayyanar hali na ƙwararru. Haɗin wadannan siffofi yana nufin aikace-aikace kamar kayan gwaji, na'urorin siyarwa a wurin, allunan sarrafa masana'antu, nunin agogo, da duk wata na'ura da ke buƙatar ingantaccen bayanin lambobi masu haske.

2. Zurfin Bincike na Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na gaskiya game da mahimman sigogin fasaha na na'urar kamar yadda aka ayyana a cikin takardar bayanai.

2.1 Halayen Gani

Aikin gani shine cibiyar aikin nunin. Babban fitar da haske yana cikin bakan launin ja mai zurfi (hyper red).

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske a kowane sashi an ƙayyade shi da mafi ƙarancin 320 µcd, ƙimar al'ada na 700 µcd, kuma ba a bayyana mafi girma ba a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji na I_F= 1mA. Wannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci don tantance hasken nunin a cikin aikace-aikacen ƙarshe. An ƙayyade ma'aunin daidaitawa tsakanin sassa a matsayin 2:1 mafi girma, wanda ke ayyana bambancin da aka yarda a cikin haske tsakanin sassa daban-daban na lamba ɗaya.
• Halayen Tsawon Zango:Na'urar tana da mafi girman tsayin zango na fitar da haske (λ_p) na 650 nm (nanomita) da kuma babban tsayin zango (λ_d) na 639 nm, duk an auna su a I_F= 20mA. Rabin faɗin layin bakan (Δλ) shine 20 nm. Waɗannan ƙimomin suna ayyana daidai wurin launin fitar da "hyper red", wanda launin ja ne mai zurfi, mai cikar cikowa.

2.2 Ma'auni na Lantarki

Fahimtar iyakoki da wuraren aiki na lantarki yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira mai aminci da dogaro.

• Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsaloli:Waɗannan su ne iyakokin damuwa waɗanda ba za a wuce su ba a kowane yanayi. Manyan iyakoki sun haɗa da: Rage wutar lantarki a kowane sashi (70 mW), mafi girman halin yanzu na gaba a kowane sashi (90 mA a cikin 1/10 na aikin, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms), da ci gaba da halin yanzu na gaba a kowane sashi (25 mA a 25°C, rage layi a 0.33 mA/°C). Mafi girman ƙarfin lantarki na baya a kowane sashi shine 5V.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (V_F):Faɗuwar wutar lantarki a kan sashi mai haske yawanci 2.6V ne, tare da kewayon daga 2.1V zuwa mafi girma, lokacin da ake tuƙa shi a 20mA. Ana buƙatar wannan ƙimar don ƙididdige ƙimar resistors masu iyakancewa halin yanzu da buƙatun wutar lantarki.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R):Mafi girman halin yanzu na ɓarna lokacin da aka yi amfani da bambance-bambancen baya na 5V shine 100 µA.

2.3 Ƙayyadaddun Zafin Jiki da Muhalli

An ƙayyade aikin na'urar a cikin ƙayyadaddun iyakokin muhalli.

• Kewayon Zafin Jiki na Aiki:An ƙididdige nunin don ci gaba da aiki daga -35°C zuwa +85°C zafin yanayi (T_a).
• Kewayon Zafin Jiki na Ajiya:Ana iya adana shi a cikin yanayin da ba aiki daga -35°C zuwa +85°C.
• Zafin Solder:Don haɗawa, mafi girman zafin jiki na solder da aka yarda shine 260°C na mafi girman tsawon lokaci na dakika 3, wanda aka auna 1.6mm ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na kayan. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga hanyoyin solder na igiyar ruwa ko sake kwarara.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Takardar bayanai tana nuna cewa an "rarrabe na'urar don ƙarfin haske." Wannan yana nuna tsarin binning ko rarrabawa bayan ƙirƙira.

• Binning na Ƙarfin Hasken:Ana gwada LEDs kuma a rarrabe su (bin) bisa ga ƙarfin hasken da aka auna a daidaitaccen gwajin halin yanzu (mai yiwuwa 1mA ko 20mA). Na'urori a cikin kwandon ɗaya za su yi kama da haske sosai, suna tabbatar da daidaiton gani lokacin da aka yi amfani da nuni da yawa a cikin samfur ɗaya. Ma'aunin daidaitawar ƙarfin haske na 2:1 shine garanti na aiki a cikin na'ura ɗaya.
• Binning na Tsawon Zango:Duk da ba a yi cikakken bayani ba a cikin abubuwan da aka bayar, sau da yawa ana rarraba LEDs na AlInGaP ta hanyar babban tsayin zango ko mafi girma don tabbatar da daidaiton fitar da launi. Ƙayyadaddun babban tsayin zango na 639 nm mai yiwuwa yana wakiltar manufa ko ƙimar ƙima don wannan samfurin.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanai tana nuni ga "Lanƙwasa Halayen Lantarki/Gani na Al'ada." Duk da ba a ba da takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun ba, daidaitattun lanƙwasa don irin waɗannan na'urori yawanci sun haɗa da:

• Lanƙwasa I-V (Halin Yanzu-Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki):Wannan jadawalin yana nuna alaƙa tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V_F). Ba shi da layi, tare da halin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na "gwiwa" (kusa da na al'ada 2.6V) wanda sama da shi halin yanzu yana ƙaruwa da sauri tare da ƙananan ƙaruwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Wannan lanƙwasa yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar tuƙi.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu na tuƙi. Gabaɗaya yana da layi a cikin faɗi amma yana iya cika a matsanancin halin yanzu. Yana taimaka wa masu ƙira su zaɓi halin yanzu na aiki don cimma hasken da ake so yayin la'akari da inganci da zafi.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Zafin Yanayi:Wannan lanƙwasa yana kwatanta yadda fitar da haske ke raguwa yayin da zafin yanayi ya tashi. LEDs na AlInGaP suna nuna ƙarancin kashe zafi fiye da wasu kayan, amma fitarwa har yanzu yana raguwa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikace masu aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma.
• Rarraba Bakan:Jadawali da ke nuna ƙarfin hasken da aka fitar a tsawon zango daban-daban, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a kusa da mafi girman tsayin zango na 650 nm tare da ƙayyadaddun rabin faɗi na 20 nm.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

Ginin zahiri yana ayyana yadda na'urar ta haɗa kai cikin samfur.

5.1 Girmansa da Zanen Tsari

An yi nuni ga zanen kunshin. Babban ƙayyadaddun bayani shine tsayin lamba 0.52-inch (13.2 mm). Duk girmansu suna cikin milimita tare da daidaitaccen jurewa na ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an lura daban. Za a ɗauko ainihin sawun ƙafa da girmansa daga zanen da aka nuna don shimfidar PCB.

5.2 Haɗin Ƙafa da Polarity

Na'urar tana da tsarin ƙafafu 18 kuma tana amfani daanode gama garitsarin da'ira. Wannan yana nufin cewa anodes (tashoshi masu kyau) na duk sassa na lamba an haɗa su tare a ciki. Kowane cathode na sashi (tashoshi mara kyau) an fitar da shi zuwa wani fil mai banbanta, kuma akwai fil na anode gama gari daban don kowane lamba biyu (Lamba 1 da Lamba 2). Teburin tsarin ƙafafu yana ba da cikakken taswira, yana ƙayyade ko wane fil yake sarrafa kowane sashi (A-G da maki goma) na kowane lamba. Daidaitaccen gano fil 1 yana da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen alkibla.

5.3 Zanen Da'ira na Ciki

Zanen da aka nuna yana wakiltar tsarin anode gama gari a zahiri, yana nuna nodes na anode gama gari masu zaman kansu guda biyu (ɗaya kowane lamba) da kuma cathodes ɗaya ɗaya na sassa bakwai da maki goma na kowane lamba. Wannan yana bayyana tsarin lantarki don haɗawa ko tuƙi kai tsaye.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Daidaitaccen sarrafawa yana tabbatar da dogaro da hana lalacewa yayin ƙirƙira.

• Sigogin Solder na Reflow:Ku bi mafi girman ƙimar ƙididdigewa sosai: 260°C mafi girman zafin jiki na ba fiye da dakika 3 ba, wanda aka auna a ƙayyadadden wuri a ƙasan kunshin. Ya kamata a yi amfani da daidaitaccen bayanin sake kwarara mara gubar tare da daidaitattun ƙimar haɓakawa da sanyaya don rage damuwa na zafi.
• Hanyoyin Kariya:Ku guji damuwa na injiniya akan ƙafafu. Tabbatar an adana na'urar a cikin yanayi mai bushewa, mara lantarki kafin amfani. Ku tsabtace PCB daga duk wani ragowar flux wanda zai iya shafar tsabtar gani ko haifar da lalata.
• Yanayin Ajiya:Ajiye a cikin ƙayyadadden kewayon zafin jiki (-35°C zuwa +85°C) a cikin yanayi mai ƙarancin zafi. Ana ba da shawarar jakar shinge ta asali don ajiyar dogon lokaci.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Wannan nunin yana da kyau ga kowane aikace-aikace da ke buƙatar lambobi biyu masu haske, masu sauƙin karantawa. Amfanin gama gari ya haɗa da: na'urori masu auna lambobi da kayan gwaji, na'urori masu ƙidayar mitoci, nunin lokaci da agogo, allunan maki, karatun allunan sarrafawa masu sauƙi (misali, zafin jiki, gudun), nunin tashoshin siyarwa a wurin, da kayan amfani na gida.

7. Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Ƙira

• Da'irar Tuƙi:A matsayin na'urar anode gama gari, yawanci ana tuƙa ta ta hanyar haɗa anode gama gari zuwa ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai kyau (ta hanyar resistor mai iyakancewa halin yanzu ko tushen halin yanzu mai ƙayyadaddun) da kuma nutse halin yanzu ta hanyar fil ɗin cathode ɗaya ɗaya zuwa ƙasa, yawanci ta hanyar transistor ko IC mai tuƙi. Haɗa lambobi biyu yana da sauƙi ta hanyar canza fil ɗin anode gama gari biyu.
• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Resistors na waje masu iyakancewa halin yanzu suna tilas ga kowane cathode na sashi (ko ga anode gama gari a cikin tsarin da aka haɗa) don saita halin yanzu na aiki. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Yi amfani da mafi girman V_Fdaga takardar bayanai don ƙira mai ra'ayin mazan jiya don tabbatar da halin yanzu bai wuce iyakoki ba.
• Kusurwar Kallo da Bambanci:Faɗin kusurwar kallo da babban bambanci suna sa ya dace da allunan inda mai amfani bazai kasance kai tsaye a gaban nunin ba. Fuskar toka/sassa fari suna ƙara saukin karantawa a cikin yanayi mai duhu da haske.
• Gudanar da Zafin Jiki:Duk da yake na'urar tana da ƙimar rage wutar lantarki, tabbatar da isasshen iska a cikin akwati yana da kyau, musamman idan ana tuƙa shi a cikin halin yanzu mai girma ko a cikin babban zafin yanayi, don kiyaye fitar da haske na dogon lokaci da dogaro.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran fasahohin nunin sassa bakwai, amfani da LTD-5250JD na AlInGaP yana ba da takamaiman fa'idodi:

• vs. Daidaitattun LEDs Ja na GaAsP ko GaP:Fasahar AlInGaP gabaɗaya tana ba da mafi girman ingancin haske (ƙarin fitar da haske a kowane mA na halin yanzu), mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki, da launin ja mai cikar cikowa, mai zurfi (hyper red vs. ja na al'ada).
• vs. Nunin LCD:LEDs suna fitar da haske, ma'ana suna samar da nasu hasken, suna sa su bayyana a sarari a cikin duhu ba tare da hasken baya ba. Haka kuma suna da mafi saurin amsa da kuma faɗin kewayon aikin zafin jiki. Duk da haka, yawanci suna cinye wutar lantarki fiye da LCDs masu nunawa.
• vs. VFD (Nunin Filament na Vacuum):LEDs suna da ƙarfi, suna da ƙarfi, suna da ƙananan ƙarfin wutar lantarki na aiki, kuma ba sa buƙatar filament ko manyan da'irori masu tuƙi. VFDs na iya ba da wani kyakkyawan kyan gani da faɗin kusurwar kallo amma gabaɗaya sun fi rikitarwa don tuƙi.

9. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Bisa Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Menene manufar "ma'aunin daidaitawar ƙarfin haske" na 2:1?
A: Wannan ƙayyadaddun bayani yana ba da garantin cewa a cikin na'urar nuni ɗaya, mafi ƙarancin sashi ba zai zama rabin haske ba fiye da mafi haske sashi. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani na lambar da aka nuna, yana hana wasu sassa su bayyana a fili sun fi wasu duhu.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan nunin kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller na 5V?
A: A'a, ba za ku iya haɗa shi kai tsaye ba. Fil ɗin microcontroller ba zai iya samar da ko nutse isasshen halin yanzu ba (yawanci ana buƙatar 20-25mA a kowane sashi) kuma zai lalace. Dole ne ku yi amfani da transistors na waje (misali, transistors na NPN a gefen cathode ko PNP a gefen anode) ko takamaiman IC mai tuƙi na LED. Bugu da ƙari, koyaushe ana buƙatar resistor mai iyakancewa halin yanzu.

Q: Ta yaya zan sarrafa lambobi biyu daban?
A> Na'urar tana da fil ɗin anode gama gari daban don Lamba 1 (fil 14) da Lamba 2 (fil 13). Don nuna lambobi daban-daban akan kowane lamba lokaci ɗaya, dole ne ku haɗa su. Wannan ya haɗa da saurin canzawa (misali, a 100Hz ko mafi sauri) wane anode na lamba ke samun wutar lantarki yayin gabatar da bayanan sassi masu dacewa akan layukan cathode ɗaya. Dagewar hangen nesa yana sa duka lambobi biyu su bayyana suna ci gaba da kasancewa.

Q: Menene ma'anar "Hyper Red" idan aka kwatanta da ja na al'ada?
A> Hyper Red yana nufin LEDs tare da babban tsayin zango yawanci tsakanin 620nm da 645nm, suna samar da ja mai zurfi, mai launin lemu idan aka kwatanta da mafi haske, mafi ruwan hoda ja na al'ada LEDs waɗanda galibi suna kusa da 630nm ko ƙasa. Wani takamaiman wurin launi ne a cikin bakan ja.

10. Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirar Mai Ƙidayar Lokaci na Lamba Mai Sauƙi tare da Lambobi Biyu.
Manufar ita ce gina mai ƙidayar lokaci mai nuna mintuna daga 00 zuwa 99. Microcontroller (misali, Arduino ko PIC) yana da ƙayyadaddun fil ɗin I/O. Yin amfani da LTD-5250JD a cikin tsarin da aka haɗa yana da inganci. Za a yi amfani da transistors na NPN guda biyu (ko transistor biyu ɗaya) don canza wadata +5V zuwa fil ɗin anode gama gari biyu (fil 13 & 14) ƙarƙashin sarrafawar microcontroller. Za a haɗa cathodes sassa takwas (sassa 7 + maki goma, ko da yake DP bazai yi amfani da shi ba) zuwa microcontroller ta hanyar resistors takwas masu iyakancewa halin yanzu (waɗanda aka ƙididdige su don tuƙi ~15-20mA) kuma mai yiwuwa ta hanyar IC mai tuƙi mai nutsewa 8-channel (kamar rijistar motsi na 74HC595 ko jerin ULN2003) don rage ƙididdigar fil ɗin ƙari. Firmware zai kiyaye mai ƙidayawa, ya canza lambobi goma da naɗaɗɗu zuwa ƙirar sassa 7, kuma a madadin yana kunna Lamba 1 da Lamba 2 yayin fitar da ƙirar sassi mai dacewa, yana haifar da nunin lambobi biyu mai ƙarfi.

11. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Fasaha

LTD-5250JD ya dogara ne akan fasahar semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP). Wannan kayan wani semiconductor ne mai kai tsaye da aka girma a kan substrate na Gallium Arsenide (GaAs), wanda a wannan yanayin ba shi da ganuwa. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin makamashi na bandgap na kayan a kan mahaɗar p-n, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin makamashi na bandgap don haka tsayin zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar, wanda yana cikin yankin hyper red (~639-650 nm). Fuskar toka tana aiki azaman tacewa mai haɓaka bambanci, kuma sassan suna samuwa ta hanyar ƙirar LED ɗin da ke bayan alamun fari. Tsarin anode gama gari ƙirar daidaitacce ce wacce ke sauƙaƙa na'urorin lantarki masu tuƙi don nunin lambobi da yawa.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Duk da yake nunin LED na sassa bakwai ya kasance ingantaccen mafita mai tsada don karatun lambobi, faɗaɗa trends a cikin fasahar nuni suna ci gaba da haɓaka. Akwai motsi gabaɗaya zuwa ga haɗin kai mafi girma, tare da na'urorin lantarki masu tuƙi suna ƙara haɗawa a cikin na'urorin nuni. Ingantaccen AlInGaP da kayan da ke da alaƙa (kamar InGaN don shuɗi/kore) suna ci gaba da inganta, suna ba da damar nunin mafi haske a ƙananan halin yanzu ko amfani da ƙananan guntu. Kunshin na'urar da aka ɗora a saman (SMD) suna zama mafi yawa don haɗawa ta atomatik, ko da yake nunin ta hanyar rami kamar wannan yana ci gaba da kasancewa don ƙirar samfuri, gyara, da wasu aikace-aikacen masana'antu saboda ƙarfinsu da sauƙin solder na hannu. Bugu da ƙari, haɓakar LED na Organic (OLED) da fasahohin nuni masu sassauƙa suna ba da madadin siffofi, ko da yake don sauƙi, babban haske, nunin lambobi masu rahusa, fasahar LED ta al'ada kamar AlInGaP da aka yi amfani da ita a nan tana ci gaba da zama mai gasa sosai kuma abin dogaro.