Bayanin Fasaha na Nunin LED na LTD-2601JS - Tsayin Lamba 0.28-inch - AlInGaP Rawaya - 2.6V Farashin Gaba - 70mW Ragewar Wutar Lantarki - Takardun Fasaha na Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfurin

LTD-2601JS na'urar nunin lambobi ne mai lambobi biyu, bakwai-sashe, wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi bayyananne masu haske. Babban aikinsa shine wakiltar lambobi da wasu haruffa ta hanyar sassuna masu sarrafawa. Fasahar cibiyar tana amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide), wanda aka ƙera musamman don fitar da haske a cikin bakan tsawon rawaya. Zaɓin wannan kayan yana ba da fa'idodi a cikin inganci da tsaftar launi idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi. Na'urar tana da farantin fuska mai launin toka tare da alamomin sashe fari, yana ba da bambanci mai girma don ingantaccen karantawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban. An rarrabe shi azaman tsarin anode gama gari, wanda ke da ƙira mai sauƙaƙe multiplexing a cikin aikace-aikacen lambobi da yawa.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Cibiya da Kasuwar Manufa

Nunin yana da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci da yawa waɗanda ke ayyana matsayinsa a kasuwa. Tsayin lambarsa na 0.28-inch (7 mm) yana ba da tsari mai ƙarami amma mai karantawa, wanda ya dace da mitocin panel, kayan aikin ma'aunawa, kayan amfani na mabukaci, da mu'amalar sarrafa masana'antu inda sarari yake da ƙima. Amfani da fasahar AlInGaP yana ba da ƙarfin haske mai girma da kyakkyawan bayyanar haruffa, yana tabbatar da ganuwa ko da a cikin wurare masu haske. Faɗin kusurwar kallo wani muhimmin siffa ne, yana ba da damar karanta nunin daidai daga matsayi daban-daban, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga kayan aikin da aka ɗora a panel. An kuma rarrabe na'urar don ƙarfin haske, ma'ana ana rarrabe raka'o'i don daidaitaccen haske, kuma ana ba da ita a cikin fakitin da bai ƙunshi gubar ba wanda ya dace da ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari), yana sa ya dace da kasuwannin duniya masu tsauraran ka'idojin muhalli. Kasuwar manufa ta haɗa da masu ƙira na kayan aikin gwaji da ma'auni, tashoshin siyarwa, dashbodin motoci (nunin na biyu), da kayan amfani na gida waɗanda ke buƙatar amintattun alamomin lambobi masu ƙarancin kulawa.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Fahimtar cikakken sigogin lantarki da na gani yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira daidai da tabbatar da dogon lokacin aminci.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsayi

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba don ci gaba da aiki ba ne.

• Ragewar Wutar Lantarki kowane Sashe:70 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin wutar lantarki da za a iya kashewa cikin aminci azaman zafi ta hanyar sashen LED guda ɗaya. Wuce wannan iyaka yana haifar da haɗarin lalacewar zafi na mahaɗin semiconductor.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba kowane Sashe:60 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin bugun halin yanzu na lokaci-lokaci wanda sashe zai iya ɗauka, yawanci yana da alaƙa da tsare-tsaren multiplexing tare da bugunan aiki masu girma.
• Ci gaba da Halin Gaba kowane Sashe:25 mA a 25°C. Wannan shine shawarar matsakaicin halin yanzu don aiki mai tsayayye (DC). An ƙayyade ma'aunin rage darajar 0.28 mA/°C, ma'ana matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka yarda da ci gaba yana raguwa yayin da yanayin yanayi (Ta) ya tashi sama da 25°C don hana yin zafi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki Baya kowane Sashe:5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki mai jujjuyawa sama da wannan na iya haifar da rushewa da lalata LED.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ma'ajiyar Zazzabi:-35°C zuwa +105°C. An ƙididdige na'urar don aiki da adanawa a cikin wannan faɗin kewayon zafin jiki, wanda ya dace da yawancin muhallin masana'antu da na mabukaci.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki & Gani (a Ta=25°C)

Waɗannan su ne sigogin ayyuka na yau da kullun a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji.

• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):200 (Min), 600 (Typ) µcd a halin yanzu na gaba (If) na 1 mA. Wannan siga, wanda aka auna tare da tacewa mai kwaikwayon amsawar idon ɗan adam (lankwasa CIE), yana ƙididdige hasken da aka gane. Faɗin kewayon yana nuna ana amfani da tsarin rarrabawa.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λp):588 nm (Typ) a If=20mA. Wannan shine tsawon raƙuman ruwa wanda ƙarfin gani ya fi girma, yana ayyana launin rawaya.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):15 nm (Typ). Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan; ƙunƙuntar faɗi yana nufin launin rawaya mai cikar gaske, mai tsafta.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λd):587 nm (Typ). Wannan shine tsawon raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya wanda idon ɗan adam ya gane ya dace da launin LED, yana da alaƙa ta kusa da tsayin raƙuman ruwa.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba kowane Sashe (Vf):2.05 (Min), 2.6 (Typ) V a If=20mA. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin gudanarwa. Yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance halin yanzu.
• Halin Baya kowane Sashe (Ir):100 µA (Max) a Vr=5V. Wannan shine ƙaramin halin yanzu na ɓarna lokacin da LED ke da jujjuyawar baya a matsakaicin ƙimar sa.
• Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken:2:1 (Max). Wannan yana ƙayyadad da matsakaicin bambancin haske da aka yarda tsakanin sassuna a cikin lamba ɗaya ko tsakanin lambobi, yana tabbatar da bayyanar iri ɗaya.
• Maganar Ketare:≤2.5%. Wannan siga tana auna hasken da ba a so na sashe maƙwabta lokacin da sashe maƙwabta ya sami ƙarfi, wanda ke haifar da tunanin gani na ciki ko ɓarkewar lantarki.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Bayanin bayanin ya bayyana a sarari cewa na'urar "An Rarrabe don Ƙarfin Hasken." Wannan yana nuna tsarin rarrabawa ko rarrabawa bayan ƙira.

• Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken:Ƙayyadaddun Iv yana nuna mafi ƙarancin 200 µcd da ƙimar al'ada na 600 µcd a 1mA. Ana gwada raka'o'i kuma a raba su zuwa kwandon ƙarfi daban-daban (misali, haske mai girma, daidaitaccen haske). Masu ƙira za su iya zaɓar takamaiman kwandon don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen haske a cikin nunin da yawa ko gudanar da samarwa.
• Rarrabawar Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon/Launi:Duk da yake ba a bayyana dalla-dalla tare da kwandon da yawa ba, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙayyadaddun tsayin raƙuman ruwa (588 nm) da rinjaye (587 nm) suna nuna ƙaƙƙarfan sarrafa tsari. Don aikace-aikacen daidaita launi masu mahimmanci, ƙarin rarrabawar tsawon raƙuman ruwa na iya kasancewa a matsayin zaɓi na al'ada.
• Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba:Kewayon Vf (2.05V zuwa 2.6V) yana nuna wasu bambance-bambancen yanayi. Don ƙira masu kula da ƙarfin wutar lantarki ko da nufin daidaita halin yanzu a cikin tsararrun multiplexed, zaɓin LEDs daga ƙunƙuntaccen kwandon Vf na iya zama mahimmanci.

4. Bincike Mai zurfi na Lankwasa Aiki

Duk da yake abin da aka samo daga PDF ya ambaci "LANKWASO NA HALAYEN LANTARKI / GANI NA AL'ADA," takamaiman zane-zane ba a haɗa su a cikin rubutun ba. Dangane da halayen LED na yau da kullun, waɗannan lankwaso za su haɗa da:

• Halin Yanzu da Lankwasa Ƙarfin Lantarki (I-V):Wannan zane zai nuna alaƙar ma'auni tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba (If) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf). Yana da mahimmanci don tantance ƙarfin tuƙi da ake buƙata don halin yanzu da aka so da kuma ƙirar direbobi masu tsayayyen halin yanzu.
• Ƙarfin Hasken da Halin Gaba (Lankwasa L-I):Wannan makircin yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu. Gabaɗaya yana da layi a ƙananan halin yanzu amma yana iya cika a manyan halin yanzu saboda zafi da raguwar inganci. Wannan lankwasa yana taimakawa inganta halin yanzu na tuƙi don haske da inganci da ake so.
• Ƙarfin Hasken da Yanayin Yanayi:Wannan lankwasa yana kwatanta yadda fitar da haske ke raguwa yayin da zafin mahaɗin ya tashi. Fahimtar wannan rage darajar yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma.
• Lankwasa Rarraba Bakan:Makircin ƙarfin gani mai alaƙa da tsawon raƙuman ruwa, yana nuna kololuwa a ~588 nm da rabin faɗin bakan na ~15 nm, yana tabbatar da halayen launin rawaya.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Fakiti

5.1 Girman Fakiti da Haƙuri

Nunin ya yi daidai da daidaitaccen tsarin DIP (Fakitin Layi Biyu) ta hanyar rami. Muhimman bayanan girma daga bayanin bayanin sun haɗa da: duk girma suna cikin milimita tare da haƙuri na gabaɗaya na ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade in ba haka ba. Haƙurin motsin ƙugiya shine ±0.4 mm, wanda ke da mahimmanci don sanya rami na PCB. An lura da takamaiman sarrafa inganci: duk wani abu na waje akan sashe dole ne ya zama ≤10 mils, gurɓataccen tawada a saman ≤20 mils, lanƙwasa dole ne ya zama ≤1/100, kuma kumfa a cikin kayan sashe dole ne ya zama ≤10 mils.

5.2 Haɗin Fil da Da'irar Ciki

Na'urar tana da fil 10 a jere guda ɗaya. Zanen da'irar ciki yana nuna cewa nau'in anode gama gari ne tare da fil ɗin anode gama gari daban-daban guda biyu (Fil 6 don Lamba 2, Fil 9 don Lamba 1). Kowane sashe (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, da Decimal Point) yana da nasa fil ɗin cathode. Wannan tsari shine daidaitaccen don multiplexing: ta hanyar ba da damar anode gama gari (lamba) ɗaya a lokaci guda da kuma tuƙi fil ɗin cathode da suka dace don sassunan wannan lambar, ana iya sarrafa lambobi da yawa tare da ƙarancin adadin fil ɗin I/O.

6. Jagororin Solder da Taro

Bayanin bayanin yana ba da takamaiman yanayin solder don hana lalacewar zafi yayin haɗin PCB: "Yanayin Solder: 1/16 inch ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na tsawon dakika 3 a 260°C." Wannan yana nufin solder igiyar ruwa. Ya kamata a sanya ƙugiyar ƙarfe 1.6mm (1/16") ƙasa da jikin filastik na nunin, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar bai kamata ya wuce dakika 3 ba a matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C. Wannan yana hana ginin filastik narkewa ko haɗin waya na ciki ya lalace saboda yawan zafi. Don sake kunnawa solder, bayanin martaba bai kamata ya wuce matsakaicin ƙimar zafin jiki da aka samo daga yanayin ajiya (+105°C) tare da gefen aminci ba, ko da yake ba a ba da takamaiman bayanin sake kunnawa ba. Ya kamata a adana abubuwan a cikin jakunkun shinge na danshi na asali a cikin yanayi mai sarrafawa don hana shan danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da "popcorning" yayin sake kunnawa.

7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

7.1 Da'irorin Aikace-aikacen Al'ada

Hanyar tuƙi da aka fi sani ita ce multiplexing. Microcontroller zai yi amfani da fil ɗin I/O guda biyu azaman masu zaɓar lambobi (sinking halin yanzu don anodes gama gari ta hanyar transistors) da fil ɗin I/O 8 (ko rijistar motsi) don nutse halin yanzu don cathodes sashe. Ana buƙatar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere tare da kowane cathode sashe ko kowane anode gama gari. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (Vcc - Vf_led) / I_desired. Ganin Vf yawanci 2.6V ne a 20mA, tare da samar da 5V, R = (5 - 2.6) / 0.02 = 120 Ohms. Don aikin multiplexed, halin yanzu na lokaci-lokaci kowane sashe na iya zama mafi girma (misali, 20mA) amma matsakaicin halin yanzu, la'akari da aikin aiki, dole ne ya kasance cikin ƙimar ci gaba.

7.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistors na jere ko direbobi masu tsayayyen halin yanzu. Kada a taɓa haɗa LED kai tsaye zuwa tushen ƙarfin lantarki.
• Mita Multiplexing:Yi amfani da ƙimar sabunta wanda ya isa don guje wa flicker da ake iya gani (yawanci >60 Hz kowane lamba). Dagewar hangen nesa yana haɗa hasken.
• Kusurwar Dubawa:Sanya nunin ta yadda babban alkiblar kallo ya kasance cikin ƙayyadaddun faɗin kusurwar kallo don mafi kyawun bambanci.
• Kariya ta ESD:Ko da yake ba a bayyana a sarari ba, LED suna da kula da zubar da lantarki na electrostatic. Yi amfani da shi tare da kariyar ESD yayin haɗawa.
• Ragewar Zafi:A cikin aikace-aikacen haske mai girma ko yanayin zafi mai girma, tabbatar da tsarin PCB yana ba da damar wasu ragewar zafi daga fakitin LED, musamman idan ana tuƙi kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin nunin LED na jan GaAsP (Gallium Arsenide Phosphide), fasahar AlInGaP a cikin LTD-2601JS tana ba da ingantaccen inganci mai haske sosai, yana haifar da nunin masu haske a halin yanzu ɗaya, ko daidaitaccen haske a ƙarancin wutar lantarki. Launin rawaya (587-588 nm) yana cikin yanki na babban hankali ga hangen nesa na ɗan adam (hasken rana), yana sa ya bayyana da haske fiye da jan ko kore LED na ƙarfin haske iri ɗaya. Idan aka kwatanta da nunin gefen haske ko matrix-dot na zamani, tsarin bakwai-sashe yana da sauƙin tuƙi da warwarewa, yana ba da ƙarancin tsarin tsarin kuɗi don aikace-aikacen lambobi kawai. Fakitin sa ta hanyar rami yana ba da haɗin injiniya mai ƙarfi idan aka kwatanta da madadin ɗora saman, wanda ke da amfani a aikace-aikacen da ke ƙarƙashin girgiza.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

• Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan nunin tare da microcontroller 3.3V?A: Ee. Vf na al'ada shine 2.6V, don haka tare da samar da 3.3V, akwai 0.7V headroom don resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu. Ƙimar resistor zai zama ƙarami: R = (3.3 - 2.6) / I_desired. Tabbatar da cewa halin yanzu da ake so yana yiwuwa a cikin ƙarfin samar da / nutsewar fil ɗin microcontroller.
• Q: Menene manufar ma'aunin rage darajar don halin yanzu na ci gaba?A: Ma'aunin rage darajar (0.28 mA/°C) yana lissafin rage ƙarfin rage zafi a manyan yanayin yanayi. A yanayin yanayi na 85°C, matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba da aka yarda shine 25mA - [0.28mA/°C * (85°C-25°C)] = 25mA - 16.8mA = 8.2mA. Yin aiki sama da wannan halin yanzu da aka rage yana haifar da haɗarin wuce matsakaicin zafin mahaɗi.
• Q: Bayanin bayanin ya ambaci "Decimal na Hannun Dama." Menene wannan ke nufi?A: Wannan yana nuna matsayin sashe na maki goma. "Decimal na Hannun Dama" yana nufin cewa maki goma yana gefen dama na lambar, wanda shine al'adar daidaitawa don nuna lambobi masu juzu'i (misali, "12.3").
• Q: Ana buƙatar sink zafi?A: Don aikin al'ada a ko ƙasa da 20mA kowane sashe a cikin matsakaicin yanayin yanayi, ba a buƙatar takamaiman sink zafi. PCB da kanta tana aiki azaman mai yada zafi. Duk da haka, don ci gaba da aiki a matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici ko a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma, ya kamata a yi la'akari da sarrafa zafi.

10. Ƙira Mai Aiki da Shari'ar Amfani

Shari'a: Ƙirar Karatun Voltmeter na Digital Mai Sauƙi.Mai ƙira yana buƙatar nunin lambobi biyu don nuna ƙarfin lantarki daga 0.0 zuwa 9.9V don samar da wutar lantarki na benci. An zaɓi LTD-2601JS don karantawa da sauƙin mu'amala. ADC na microcontroller yana karanta ƙarfin lantarki, ya canza shi zuwa lamba goma, kuma yana neman lambobin sashe 7 don lambobin goma, lambobi ɗaya, da maki goma. Ana amfani da transistors NPN guda biyu don sauya fil ɗin anode gama gari (Lambobi 1 & 2) zuwa ƙasa. Fil ɗin I/O na microcontroller guda takwas, kowannensu yana da resistor na jere 120-ohm, an haɗa su da cathodes sashe (A-G da DP). Firmware yana haɗa lambobin a 100 Hz. Fuskar toka/sashe fari yana ba da kyakkyawan bambanci a kan panel ɗin baki na samar da wutar lantarki. Babban haske yana tabbatar da ganuwa a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje mai haske. Bin ƙa'idodin marasa gubar ya dace da ka'idojin muhalli na kamfanin don sabbin samfuran.

11. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Ka'idar asali ita ce electroluminescence a cikin mahaɗin P-N semiconductor. Kayan AlInGaP semiconductor ne kai tsaye bandgap. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin da aka gina na mahaɗi (kusan daidai da Vf), electrons daga yankin N ana allurar su a kan mahaɗi zuwa yankin P, kuma ramuka daga yankin P suna motsawa zuwa yankin N. Waɗannan masu ɗaukar karamin yawa da aka allura (electrons a gefen P, ramuka a gefen N) suna sake haɗuwa tare da masu ɗaukar mafi yawa. A cikin kayan bandgap kai tsaye kamar AlInGaP, wani ɓangare mai mahimmanci na waɗannan sake haɗuwa yana da haske, ma'ana suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman makamashin photon, don haka tsawon raƙuman ruwa (launi), an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor, wanda aka ƙera ta hanyar daidaiton daidaiton Aluminum, Indium, Gallium, da Phosphorus. Tushen GaAs mara kyau yana taimakawa nuna haske sama, yana ƙara ƙarfin haske na gaba. Kowane sashe wani guntu LED ne daban, kuma haɗin sassunan da aka haskaka ya samar da lamba ko hali da ake so.

12. Trends na Fasaha da Ci gaba

Duk da yake nunin bakwai-sashe ta hanyar rami kamar LTD-2601JS sun kasance masu dacewa don ƙirar ƙira, kayan koyarwa, da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ɗora injiniya mai ƙarfi, babban yanayin masana'antu yana ƙuduri zuwa fakiti na ɗora saman (SMD). SMD LEDs suna ba da ƙaramin ƙafa, ƙaramin bayani, dacewa don haɗawa da zaɓi da wuri mai sarrafa kansa, kuma sau da yawa mafi kyawun aikin zafi ta hanyar haɗawa kai tsaye zuwa PCB. Don nunin, ƙwararrun direbobi IC suna zama gama gari, suna haɗa jerin LED tare da dabaru na bincike kuma wani lokacin ma hanyoyin sadarwa na jeri (kamar I2C ko SPI), yana rage microcontroller I/O da kayan aikin software sosai. Dangane da kayan, yayin da AlInGaP yana da kyau ga ja, orange, da rawaya, InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) ya mamaye kasuwannin LED shuɗi, kore, da fari saboda faɗin tunanin bandgap. Don nunin nan gaba, fasahohin micro-LED da mini-LED suna yin alƙawarin mafi girma yawa, haske, da inganci, ko da yake a halin yanzu ana kaiwa ga allunan bidiyo masu ƙima maimakon nunin sashe mai sauƙi. Duk da haka, ka'idar dindindin na tsarin bakwai-sashe tana tabbatar da amfaninta a cikin aikace-aikacen lambobi masu rahusa, masu mahimmanci na karantawa na gaba.